@book{AleAghaBoyleBraunetal.2008,
  author    = {Ale-Agha, Nosratollah and Boyle, H. and Braun, Uwe and Butin, H. and Jage, Horst and Kummer, Volker and Shin, H.},
  title     = {Taxonomy, host range and distribution of some powdery mildew fungi (Erysiphales)},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {Oidium pedaliacearum sp. nov. (; O. sesami, nom. inval.) and Podosphaera macrospora comb. et stat. nov. (; Sphaerotheca alpina f. macrospora) are introduced, and the taxonomy and distribution of Erysiphe celosiae is discussed. New host species and new collections of Erysiphe cruciferarum (on Cleome hassleriana), E. flexuosa (on Aesculus hippocastanum), E. hedwigii (on Viburnum carlesii), E. heraclei (on Tinguarra montana), E. cf. macleayae (on Macleaya cordata), E. prunastri (on Prunus cerasifera), E. sedi (on Sedum aff. spectabilis), E. trifolii (on Trigonella caerulea), Golovinomyces cichoracearum (on Argyranthemum pinnatifidum subsp. succulentum), G. cf. hydrophyllacearum (on Nemophila menziesii), G. orontii (on Nolana spp.), G. cf. orontii (on Tiarella cordifolia), Neoerysiphe cumminsiana (on Bidens cf. ferulifolia), Oidium clitoriae (on Clitoria ternatea), O. cf. hortensiae (on Philadelphus coronarius), O. pedilanthi (on Pedilanthus tithymaloides), Oidium (Pseudoidium) sp. (on Utricularia alpina), Podosphaera sp. (on Bergia capensis), Sawadaea bicornis (on Acer platanoides) and S. tulasnei (on Acer ginnala and A. tatarica) are recorded from France, Germany, Greece and Mexico.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Balazadeh2008,
  author    = {Balazadeh, Salma},
  title     = {Molecular and physiological analysis of leaf senescence in Arabidopsis thaliana},
  pages     = {VI, 169 S.},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BarbirzMuellerUetrechtetal.2008,
  author    = {Barbirz, Stefanie and M{\"u}ller, J{\"u}rgen J. and Uetrecht, Charlotte and Clark, Alvin J. and Heinemann, Udo and Seckler, Robert},
  title     = {Crystal structure of Escherichia coli phage HK620 tailspike : podoviral tailspike endoglycosidase modules are evolutionarily related},
  issn      = {0950-382X},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {Bacteriophage HK620 infects Escherichia coli H and is closely related to Shigella phage Sf6 and Salmonella phage P22. All three Podoviridae recognize and cleave their respective host cell receptor polysaccharide by homotrimeric tailspike proteins. The three proteins exhibit high sequence identity in the 110 residues of their N-terminal particle- binding domains, but no apparent sequence similarity in their major, receptor-binding parts. We have biochemically characterized the receptor-binding part of HK620 tailspike and determined its crystal structure to 1.38 {\AA} resolution. Its major domain is a right-handed parallel ;-helix, as in Sf6 and P22 tailspikes. HK620 tailspike has endo-N- acetylglucosaminidase activity and produces hexasaccharides of an O18A1-type O-antigen. As indicated by the structure of a hexasaccharide complex determined at 1.6 {\AA} resolution, the endoglycosidase-active sites are located intramolecularly, as in P22, and not between subunits, as in Sf6 tailspike. In contrast, the extreme C-terminal domain of HK620 tailspike forms a ;-sandwich, as in Sf6 and unlike P22 tailspike. Despite the different folds, structure-based sequence alignments of the C-termini reveal motifs conserved between the three proteins. We propose that the tailspike genes of P22, Sf6 and HK620 have a common precursor and are not mosaics of unrelated gene fragments.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BergerWaltersGotthard2008,
  author    = {Berger, Dieter and Walters, R. J. and Gotthard, K.},
  title     = {What limits insect fecundity? : Body size- and temperature-dependent egg maturation and oviposition in a butterfly},
  issn      = {0269-8463},
  doi       = {10.1111/j.1365-2435.2008.01392.x},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {* 1. Large female insects usually have high potential fecundity. Therefore selection should favour an increase in body size given that these females get opportunities to realize their potential advantage by maturing and laying more eggs. However, ectotherm physiology is strongly temperature-dependent, and activities are carried out sufficiently only within certain temperature ranges. Thus it remains unclear if the fecundity advantage of a large size is fully realized in natural environments, where thermal conditions are limiting. * 2. Insect fecundity might be limited by temperature at two levels; first eggs need to mature, and then the female needs time for strategic ovipositing of the egg. Since a female cannot foresee the number of oviposition opportunities that she will encounter on a given day, the optimal rate of egg maturation will be governed by trade-offs associated with egg- and time-limited oviposition. As females of different sizes will have different amounts of body reserves, size-dependent allocation trade-offs between the mother"s condition and her egg production might be expected. * 3. In the temperate butterfly Pararge aegeria, the time and temperature dependence of oviposition and egg maturation, and the interrelatedness of these two processes were investigated in a series of laboratory experiments, allowing a decoupling of the time budgets for the respective processes. * 4. The results show that realized fecundity of this species can be limited by both the temperature dependence of egg maturation and oviposition under certain thermal regimes. Furthermore, rates of oviposition and egg maturation seemed to have regulatory effects upon each other. Early reproductive output was correlated with short life span, indicating a cost of reproduction. Finally, large females matured more eggs than small females when deprived of oviposition opportunities. Thus, the optimal allocation of resources to egg production seems dependent on female size. * 5. This study highlights the complexity of processes underlying rates of egg maturation and oviposition in ectotherms under natural conditions. We further discuss the importance of temperature variation for egg- vs. time-limited fecundity and the consequences for the evolution of female body size in insects.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BergerPiouSchiffersetal.2008,
  author    = {Berger, Uta and Piou, Cyril and Schiffers, Katja and Grimm, Volker},
  title     = {Competition among plants : concepts, individual-based modelling approaches, and a proposal for a future research strategy},
  issn      = {1433-8319},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {Competition is a key process in plant populations and communities. We thus need, if we are to predict the responses of ecological systems to environmental change, a comprehensive and mechanistic understanding of plant competition. Considering competition, however, only at the population level is not sufficient because plant individuals usually are different, interact locally, and can adapt their behaviour to the current state of themselves and of their biotic and abiotic environment. Therefore, simulation models that are individual-based and spatially explicit are increasingly used for studying competition in plant systems. Many different individual-based modelling approaches exist to represent competition, but it is not clear how good they are in reflecting essential aspects of plant competition. We therefore first summarize current concepts and theories addressing plant competition. Then, we review individual-based approaches for modelling competition among plants. We distinguish between approaches that are used for more than 10 years and more recent ones. We identify three major gaps that need to be addressed more in the future: the effects of plants on their local environment, adaptive behaviour, and below-ground competition. To fill these gaps, the representation of plants and their interactions have to be more mechanistic than most existing approaches. Developing such new approaches is a challenge because they are likely to be more complex and to require more detailed knowledge and data on individual-level processes underlying competition. We thus need a more integrated research strategy for the future, where empirical and theoretical ecologists as well as computer scientists work together on formulating, implementing, parameterization, testing, comparing, and selecting the new approaches. (c) 2008 Rubel Foundation, ETH Zurich. Published by Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BitzerLaessoeFournieretal.2008,
  author    = {Bitzer, Jens and Laess{\o}e, Thomas and Fournier, Jaques and Kummer, Volker and Decock, Cony and Tichy, Hans-Volker and Piepenbring, Meike and Persoh, Derek and Stadler, Marc},
  title     = {Affinities of Phylacia and the daldinioid Xylariaceae, inferred from chemotypes of cultures and ribosomal DNA sequences},
  issn      = {0953-7562},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {A chemotaxonomic evaluation using hplc profiling was undertaken to resolve the infrageneric and intergeneric affinities of over 150 strains of Xylariaceae. Daldinia placentiformis, Hypoxylon nicaraguense, H. polyporus, and Phylacia sagrana were found to contain 8-methoxy-1-naphthol, which is apparently absent in Annulohypoxylon, Hypoxylon, and related genera with bipartite stromata. D. placentiformis and other species of Daldinia and Entonaema produced this naphthol, 5-hydroxy-2-methylchromone, isosclerone derivatives, and 'AB-5046' phytotoxins. Phylacia sagrana differed from most Daldinia spp., except for D. caldariorum, by producing eutypine derivatives in addition to the above compounds. indolylquinones were observed in H. nicaraguense and H. polyporus. Isosclerones were also identified in the A. multiforme complex, but Hypoxylon and other Annulohypoxylon and most Hypoxylon spp. studied Annulohypoxylon spp. contained S-methylmellein as the major metabolite of their cultures. Based on the occurrence of the above metabolites, further mellein-type dihydroisocoumarins, teleomorphic and anamorphic Xylariaceae with Nodulisporium-like anamorphs ('Hypoxyloideae') were divided into various chemotypes. A comparison of their 5.8S/ ITS nuc-rDNA sequences agreed in some important aspects with the above results: H. nicaraguense and H. polyporus appeared basal to a clade comprising Daldinia, Entonaema, and Ph. sagrana. The latter species appeared allied to D. caldariorum, but was distantly related to Pyrenomyxa morganii and Hypoxylon s. str. (C) 2007 The British Mycological Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Blaum2008,
  author    = {Blaum, Niels},
  title     = {Seasonal differences in spatial distribution of small carnivores in fragmented savannah landscapes},
  issn      = {0141-6707},
  doi       = {10.1111/j.1365-2028.2008.00977.x},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BlaumEngemanWasiolkaetal.2008,
  author    = {Blaum, Niels and Engeman, Richard M. and Wasiolka, Bernd and Rossmanith, Eva},
  title     = {Indexing small mammalian carnivores in the southern Kalahari, South Africa},
  issn      = {1035-3712},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {Monitoring animal populations in changing environments is crucial to wildlife conservation and management, but restrictions in resources are a recurring problem for wildlife managers and researchers throughout Africa. Land-use- induced shrub encroachment in Kalahari savannah rangelands has led to fragmentation of the landscape. Mammalian carnivores are particularly vulnerable to local extinction in fragmented landscapes, but their low numbers and their often nocturnal and secretive habits make them difficult to monitor. In this study, we tested the applicability of a passive tracking method and compared two measurement methods and index calculations for monitoring small carnivores across a grazing gradient in the southern Kalahari. During the four years of monitoring in a five-year period, we used the knowledge of indigenous Khoisan Bushmen for the identification of carnivore tracks on 640 sand transects (5 m x 250 m). Our results showed that this simple and inexpensive observation method enabled detailed monitoring of 10 small carnivore species across the grazing gradient. A binary index calculated an index based on presence/absence of a species' tracks on each transect, whereas the track intrusion index used the number of track intrusions to each transect for each species in its calculations. For less common species, the two indices were similar in trend and magnitude, because the number of intrusions to each transect was typically 1 or 0. Usually, the two indices showed relatively strong correlations. However, species with patchy distributions of higher numbers presented difficulties for the binary index to monitor trends, but not for the track intrusion index.},
  language  = {en}
}
@book{BraunJageKummeretal.2008,
  author    = {Braun, Uwe and Jage, Horst and Kummer, Volker and Zimmermann, Holger},
  title     = {Podosphaera cf. pruinosa on Rhus hirta in Germany},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {The introduction of a new powdery mildew disease on Rhus hirta in various parts of Germany (Brandenburg, Rhine- Westphalia, Sachsen-Anhalt and Saxony) is reported. The anamorph found on this host agrees well with the North American Podosphaera pruinosa. Although the teleomorph has not yet been found in Germany and a molecular study has not yet been possible due to the lack of fresh North American material for a comparison, there is little doubt that the European outbreak of the Rhus powdery mildew disease may be referred to as Podosphaera pruinosa. Morphology, taxonomy and distribution of Podosphaera species on Rhus and other hosts of the Anacardiaceae are discussed in detail.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Chai2008,
  author    = {Chai, Yan},
  title     = {Traffic of molecular motors},
  pages     = {87 S.},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Degenkolbe2008,
  author    = {Degenkolbe, Thomas},
  title     = {Mechanisms of drought tolerance in the model species Oryza sativa L},
  pages     = {VI, 114 S.},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Ebert2008,
  author    = {Ebert, Berit},
  title     = {Transcript, protein and metabolite analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana Trichomes},
  pages     = {IX, 173 S.},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Epp2008,
  author    = {Epp, Laura Saskia},
  title     = {Molecular genetic analyses of historical lake sediments from the East African Rift Valley},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  pages     = {151 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EstherGroeneveldEnrightetal.2008,
  author    = {Esther, Alexandra and Groeneveld, J{\"u}rgen and Enright, Neal J. and Miller, Ben P. and Lamont, Byron B. and Perry, George L. W. and Schurr, Frank Martin and Jeltsch, Florian},
  title     = {Assessing the importance of seed immigration on coexistence of plant functional types in a species-rich ecosystem},
  issn      = {0304-3800},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2008.01.014},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {Modelling and empirical studies have shown that input from the regional seed pool is essential to maintain local species diversity. However, most of these studies have concentrated on simplified, if not neutral, model systems, and focus on a limited subset of species or on aggregated measures of diversity only (e.g., species richness or Shannon diversity). Thus they ignore more complex species interactions and important differences between species. To gain a better understanding of how seed immigration affects community structure at the local scale in real communities we conducted computer simulation experiments based on plant functional types (PFTs) for a species-rich, fire-prone Mediterranean-type shrubland in Western Australia. We developed a spatially explicit simulation model to explore the community dynamics of 38 PFTs, defined by seven traits - regeneration mode, seed production, seed size, maximum crown diameter, drought tolerance, dispersal mode and seed bank type - representing 78 woody species. Model parameterisation is based on published and unpublished data on the population dynamics of shrub species collected over 18 years. Simulation experiments are based on two contrasting seed immigration scenarios: (1) the 'equal seed input number' scenario, where the number of immigrant seeds is the same for all PFTs, and (2) the 'equal seed input mass' scenario, where the cumulative mass of migrating seeds is the same for all PFTs. Both scenarios were systematically tested and compared for different overall seed input values. Without immigration the local community drifts towards a state with only 13 coexisting PFTs. With increasing immigration rates in terms of overall mass of seeds the simulated number of coexisting PFTs and Shannon diversity quickly approaches values observed in the field. The equal seed mass scenario resulted in a more diverse community than did the seed number scenario. The model successfully approximates the frequency distributions (relative densities) of all individual plant traits except seed size for scenarios associated with equal seed input mass and high immigration rate. However, no scenario satisfactorily approximated the frequency distribution for all traits in combination. Our results show that regional seed input can explain the more aggregated measures of local community structure, and some, but not all, aspects of community composition. This points to the possible importance of other (untested) processes and traits (e.g., dispersal vectors) operating at the local scale. Our modelling framework can readily allow new factors to be systematically investigated, which is a major advantage compared to previous simulation studies, as it allows us to find structurally realistic models, which can address questions pertinent to ecological theory and to conservation management.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FabianGastLaueetal.2008,
  author    = {Fabian, Heinz and Gast, Klaus and Laue, Michael and Misselwitz, Rolf and Uchanska-Ziegler, Barbara and Ziegler, Andreas and Naumann, Dieter},
  title     = {Early stages of misfolding and association of beta2-microglobulin : insights from infrared spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {Conformational changes associated with the assembly of recombinant ;2-microglobulin in vitro under acidic conditions were investigated using infrared spectroscopy and static and dynamic light scattering. In parallel, the morphology of the different aggregated species obtained under defined conditions was characterized by electron microscopy. The initial salt-induced aggregate form of ;2-microglobulin, composed of small oligomers (dimers to tetramers), revealed the presence of ;-strands organized in an intramolecular-like fashion. Further particle growth was accompanied by the formation of intermolecular ;-sheet structure and led to short curved forms. An increase in temperature by only 25 °C was able to disaggregate these assemblies, followed by the formation of longer filamentous structures. In contrast, a rise in temperature up to 100 °C was associated with a reorganization of the short curved forms at the level of secondary structure and the state of assembly, leading to a species with a characteristic infrared spectrum different from those of all the other aggregates observed before, suggesting a unique overall structure. The infrared spectral features of this species were nearly identical to those of ;2-microglobulin assemblies formed at low ionic strength with agitation, indicating the presence of fibrils, which was confirmed by electron microscopy. The observed spectroscopic changes suggest that the heat-triggered conversion of the short curved assemblies into fibrils involves a reorganization of the ;-strands from an antiparallel arrangement to a parallel arrangement, with the latter being characteristic of amyloid fibrils of ;2-microglobulin.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Goelzer2008,
  author    = {G{\"o}lzer, Heiko},
  title     = {Dynamic coupling of ENSO and the thermohaline circulation},
  pages     = {55 S.},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HigginsFloresSchurr2008,
  author    = {Higgins, Steven I. and Flores, Olivier and Schurr, Frank Martin},
  title     = {Costs of persistence and the spread of competing seeders and sprouters},
  issn      = {0022-0477},
  doi       = {10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01391.x},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Hundertmark2008,
  author    = {Hundertmark, Michaela},
  title     = {Characterization of LEA genes and proteins from Arabidopsis thaliana (L.)},
  pages     = {VI, 135 S.},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{JeltschMoloneySchurretal.2008,
  author    = {Jeltsch, Florian and Moloney, Kirk A. and Schurr, Frank Martin and K{\"o}chy, Martin and Schwager, Monika},
  title     = {The state of plant population modelling in light of environmental change},
  issn      = {1433-8319},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.ppees.2007.11.004},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {Plant population modelling has been around since the 1970s, providing a valuable approach to understanding plant ecology from a mechanistic standpoint. It is surprising then that this area of research has not grown in prominence with respect to other approaches employed in modelling plant systems. In this review, we provide an analysis of the development and role of modelling in the field of plant population biology through an exploration of where it has been, where it is now and, in our opinion, where it should be headed. We focus, in particular, on the role plant population modelling could play in ecological forecasting, an urgent need given current rates of regional and global environmental change. We suggest that a critical element limiting the current application of plant population modelling in environmental research is the trade-off between the necessary resolution and detail required to accurately characterize ecological dynamics pitted against the goal of generality, particularly at broad spatial scales. In addition to suggestions how to overcome the current shortcoming of data on the process-level we discuss two emerging strategies that may offer a way to overcome the described limitation: (1) application of a modern approach to spatial scaling from local processes to broader levels of interaction and (2) plant functional-type modelling. Finally we outline what we believe to be needed in developing these approaches towards a 'science of forecasting'.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Kahlau2008,
  author    = {Kahlau, Sabine},
  title     = {Analysis of plastid gene expression in tomato: from the genome to the translatome},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  pages     = {V, 105 Bl. : Ill., graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {en}
}