@article{SteigertKojdaIbacetaJanaetal.2022,
  author    = {Steigert, Alexander and Kojda, Sandrino Danny and Ibaceta-Ja{\~n}a, Josefa Fernanda and Abou-Ras, Daniel and Gunder, Ren{\´e} and Alktash, Nivin and Habicht, Klaus and Wagner, Markus Raphael and Klenk, Reiner and Raoux, Simone and Szyszka, Bernd and Lauermann, Iver and Muydinov, Ruslan},
  title     = {Water-assisted crystallization of amorphous indium zinc oxide films},
  series = {Materials today. Communications},
  volume    = {31},
  journal   = {Materials today. Communications},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {2352-4928},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.mtcomm.2022.103213},
  pages     = {10},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Transparent conductive materials based on indium oxide remain yet irreplaceable in various optoelectronic applications. Amorphous oxides appear especially attractive for technology as they are isotropic, demonstrate relatively high electron mobility and can be processed at low temperatures. Among them is indium zinc oxide (IZO) with a large zinc content that is crucial for keeping the amorphous state but redundant for the doping. In this work we investigated water-free and water containing IZO films obtained by radio frequency sputtering. The correlation between temperature driven changes of the chemical state, the optical and electrical properties as well as the progression of crystallization was in focus. Such characterization methods as: scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, temperature dependent Hall-effect measurements and others were applied. Temperature dependent electrical properties of amorphous IZO and IZO:H2O films were found to evolve similarly. Based on our experience in In2O3:H2O (In2O3:H or IOH) we proposed an explanation for the changes observed. Water admixture was found to decrease crystallization temperature of IZO significantly from similar to 550 degrees C to similar to 280 degrees C. Herewith, the presence and concentration of water and/or hydroxyls was found to determine Zn distribution in the film. In particular, Zn enrichment was detected at the film's surface respective to the high water and/or hydroxyl amount. Raman spectra revealed a two-dimensional crystallization of w-ZnO which precedes regardless water presence an extensive In2O3 crystallization. An abrupt loss of electron mobility as a result of crystallization was attributed to the formation of ZnO interlayer on grain boundaries.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ElNagarLauermannSarhanetal.2018,
  author    = {El-Nagar, Gumaa A. and Lauermann, Iver and Sarhan, Radwan Mohamed and Roth, Christina},
  title     = {Hierarchically structured iron-doped silver (Ag-Fe) lotus flowers for an efficient oxygen reduction reaction},
  series = {Nanoscale},
  volume    = {10},
  journal   = {Nanoscale},
  number    = {15},
  publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry},
  address   = {Cambridge},
  issn      = {2040-3364},
  doi       = {10.1039/c8nr00020d},
  pages     = {7304 -- 7310},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {The development of cheap and efficient electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is vital for the immediate commercialization of fuel cells which are still limited by the high cost and low performance of the utilized commercial Pt-based electrodes. As a promising alternative, this study reports on the synthesis of hierarchical iron-doped silver lotus flowers (AgFelotus) by a facile chemical procedure as robust and efficient ORR electrocatalysts. Succinic acid was used as a structure directing agent to tune the morphology of undoped and iron-doped silver particles. In the absence of succinic acid, ball-like silver particles were obtained, while using 2 mM succinic acid led to peony-like flower structures. The doping of silver peony-flowers with iron resulted in lotus-like flower structures with high electrocatalytic activity for ORR together with outstanding tolerance against poisoning with various hydrocarbon (HC) impurities, in situ generated during fuel cell operation, as well as different fuels from anodic crossover. AgFelotus exhibited a superior ORR activity with more than 40 times higher stability than the commercial Pt/C catalyst in alkaline media. This substantial performance enhancement is attributed to the unique lotus-like flower structures providing more electroactive surface sites, in addition to the iron dopants which facilitate ORR charge transfer.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{ElNagarLauermannSarhanetal.2019,
  author    = {El-Nagar, Gumaa A. and Lauermann, Iver and Sarhan, Radwan Mohamed and Roth, Christina},
  title     = {Hierarchically structured iron-doped silver (Ag-Fe) lotus flowers for an efficient oxygen reduction reaction (vol 10, pg 7304 -7310, 2018)},
  series = {Nanoscale},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {Nanoscale},
  number    = {24},
  publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry},
  address   = {Cambridge},
  issn      = {2040-3364},
  doi       = {10.1039/c9nr90131k},
  pages     = {11975 -- 11975},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MeiJaftaLauermannetal.2017,
  author    = {Mei, Shilin and Jafta, Charl J. and Lauermann, Iver and Ran, Qidi and Kaergell, Martin and Ballauff, Matthias and Lu, Yan},
  title     = {Porous Ti4O7 Particles with Interconnected-Pore Structure as a High-Efficiency Polysulfide Mediator for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries},
  series = {Advanced functional materials},
  volume    = {27},
  journal   = {Advanced functional materials},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {1616-301X},
  doi       = {10.1002/adfm.201701176},
  pages     = {10},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Multifunctional Ti4O7 particles with interconnected-pore structure are designed and synthesized using porous poly(styrene-b-2-vinylpyridine) particles as a template. The particles can work efficiently as a sulfur-host material for lithium-sulfur batteries. Specifically, the well-defined porous Ti4O7 particles exhibit interconnected pores in the interior and have a high-surface area of 592 m(2) g(-1); this shows the advantage of mesopores for encapsulating of sulfur and provides a polar surface for chemical binding with polysulfides to suppress their dissolution. Moreover, in order to improve the conductivity of the electrode, a thin layer of carbon is coated on the Ti4O7 surface without destroying its porous structure. The porous Ti4O7 and carbon-coated Ti4O7 particles show significantly improved electrochemical performances as cathode materials for Li-S batteries as compared with those of TiO2 particles.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ElNagarSarhanAbouserieetal.2017,
  author    = {El-Nagar, Gumaa A. and Sarhan, Radwan Mohamed and Abouserie, Ahed and Maticiuc, Natalia and Bargheer, Matias and Lauermann, Iver and Roth, Christina},
  title     = {Efficient 3D-Silver Flower-like Microstructures for Non-Enzymatic Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) Amperometric Detection},
  series = {Scientific reports},
  volume    = {7},
  journal   = {Scientific reports},
  publisher = {Nature Publ. Group},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {2045-2322},
  doi       = {10.1038/s41598-017-11965-9},
  pages     = {8},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {en}
}