@article{SeewannVerwiebeBuderetal.2022, author = {Seewann, Lena and Verwiebe, Roland and Buder, Claudia and Fritsch, Nina-Sophie}, title = {"Broadcast your gender."}, series = {Frontiers in Big Data}, journal = {Frontiers in Big Data}, number = {5}, publisher = {Frontiers}, address = {Lausanne, Schweiz}, issn = {2624-909X}, doi = {10.3389/fdata.2022.908636}, pages = {16}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Social media platforms provide a large array of behavioral data relevant to social scientific research. However, key information such as sociodemographic characteristics of agents are often missing. This paper aims to compare four methods of classifying social attributes from text. Specifically, we are interested in estimating the gender of German social media creators. By using the example of a random sample of 200 YouTube channels, we compare several classification methods, namely (1) a survey among university staff, (2) a name dictionary method with the World Gender Name Dictionary as a reference list, (3) an algorithmic approach using the website gender-api.com, and (4) a Multinomial Na{\"i}ve Bayes (MNB) machine learning technique. These different methods identify gender attributes based on YouTube channel names and descriptions in German but are adaptable to other languages. Our contribution will evaluate the share of identifiable channels, accuracy and meaningfulness of classification, as well as limits and benefits of each approach. We aim to address methodological challenges connected to classifying gender attributes for YouTube channels as well as related to reinforcing stereotypes and ethical implications.}, language = {en} } @article{LiedlWiesbroeckFritschetal.2020, author = {Liedl, Bernd and Wiesbr{\"o}ck, Laura and Fritsch, Nina-Sophie and Verwiebe, Roland}, title = {The structure of social capital in Austria}, series = {{\"O}sterreichische Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Soziologie}, volume = {45}, journal = {{\"O}sterreichische Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Soziologie}, number = {2}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Wiesbaden}, doi = {10.1007/s11614-020-00403-2}, pages = {115 -- 138}, year = {2020}, abstract = {This paper seeks to address the relationship between social capital and perceived social origin in contemporary Austria. While the concept of social capital has been widely adopted in social sciences, so far research on the (pre)structured shape of social capital by social origin is scarce. Our aim is to close this gap. Therefore, we use the network-as-capital approach by following the "position generator" and apply latent class analysis (LCA) and path modelling on the basis of the 2018 Austrian Social Survey. The dataset comprises a representative sample of the Austrian residential population aged 18 and older. Our findings show that the diversity of social capital, and access to networks of people in more highly ranked positions is strongly influenced by one's social background. The higher respondents assess their social origin, the greater the probability of being in this type of network. Furthermore, education and occupation have effects on membership in a class-specific network.}, language = {en} } @article{LiedlFritschWiesbroecketal.2020, author = {Liedl, Bernd and Fritsch, Nina-Sophie and Wiesbr{\"o}ck, Laura and Verwiebe, Roland}, title = {The structure of social capital in Austria}, series = {{\"O}sterreichische Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Soziologie}, volume = {45}, journal = {{\"O}sterreichische Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Soziologie}, number = {2}, publisher = {Wiesbaden}, address = {Springer}, issn = {1862-2585}, doi = {10.1007/s11614-020-00403-2}, pages = {115 -- 138}, year = {2020}, abstract = {This paper seeks to address the relationship between social capital and perceived social origin in contemporary Austria. While the concept of social capital has been widely adopted in social sciences, so far research on the (pre)structured shape of social capital by social origin is scarce. Our aim is to close this gap. Therefore, we use the network-as-capital approach by following the "position generator" and apply latent class analysis (LCA) and path modelling on the basis of the 2018 Austrian Social Survey. The dataset comprises a representative sample of the Austrian residential population aged 18 and older. Our findings show that the diversity of social capital, and access to networks of people in more highly ranked positions is strongly influenced by one's social background. The higher respondents assess their social origin, the greater the probability of being in this type of network. Furthermore, education and occupation have effects on membership in a class-specific network.}, language = {en} } @article{VerwiebeBobzienFritschetal.2023, author = {Verwiebe, Roland and Bobzien, Licia and Fritsch, Nina-Sophie and Buder, Claudia}, title = {Social inequality and digitization in modern societies}, series = {SocArXiv : open archive of the social sciences}, journal = {SocArXiv : open archive of the social sciences}, publisher = {Center for Open Science}, address = {[Charlottesville, VA]}, doi = {10.31235/osf.io/k2zwh}, pages = {23}, year = {2023}, abstract = {The digitization process has triggered a profound transformation of modern societies. It encompasses a broad spectrum of technical, social, political, cultural and economic developments related to the mass use of computer- and internet-based technologies. It is now becoming increasingly clear that digitization is also changing existing structures of social inequality and that new structures of digital inequality are emerging. This is shown by a growing number of recent individual studies. In this paper, we set ourselves the task of systematizing this new research within the framework of an empirically supported literature review. To do so, we use the PRISMA model for literature reviews and focus on three central dimensions of inequality - ethnicity, gender, and age - and their relevance within the discourse on digitization and inequality. The empirical basis consists of journal articles published between 2000 and 2020 and listed on the Web of Science, as well as an additional Google Scholar search, through which we attempt to include important monographs and contributions to edited volumes in our analyses. Our text corpus thus comprises a total of 281 articles. Empirically, our literature review shows that unequal access to digital resources largely reproduces existing structures of inequality; in some cases, studies report a reduction in social inequalities as a result of the digitization process.}, language = {en} } @article{LiedlFritschSamperMejiaetal.2023, author = {Liedl, Bernd and Fritsch, Nina-Sophie and Samper Mejia, Cristina and Verwiebe, Roland}, title = {Risk perceptions of individuals living in single-parent households during the COVID-19 crisis}, series = {Frontiers in sociology}, volume = {8}, journal = {Frontiers in sociology}, publisher = {Frontiers Media}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {2297-7775}, doi = {10.3389/fsoc.2023.1265302}, pages = {13}, year = {2023}, abstract = {The COVID-19 crisis had severe social and economic impact on the life of most citizens around the globe. Individuals living in single-parent households were particularly at risk, revealing detrimental labour market outcomes and assessments of future perspectives marked by worries. As it has not been investigated yet, in this paper we study, how their perception about the future and their outlook on how the pandemic will affect them is related to their objective economic resources. Against this background, we examine the subjective risk perception of worsening living standards of individuals living in single-parent households compared to other household types, their objective economic situation based on the logarithmised equivalised disposable household incomes and analyse the relationship between those indicators. Using the German SOEP, including the SOEP-CoV survey from 2020, our findings based on regression modelling reveal that individuals living in single-parent households have been worse off during the pandemic, facing high economic insecurity. Path and interaction models support our assumption that the association between those indicators may not be that straightforward, as there are underlying mechanisms-such as mediation and moderation-of income affecting its direction and strength. With respect to our central hypotheses, our empirical findings point toward (1) a mediation effect, by demonstrating that the subjective risk perception of single-parent households can be partly explained by economic conditions. (2) The moderating effect suggests that the concrete position at the income distribution of households matters as well. While at the lower end of the income distribution, single-parent households reveal particularly worse risk perceptions during the pandemic, at the high end of the income spectrum, risk perceptions are similar for all household types. Thus, individuals living in single-parent households do not perceive higher risks of worsening living standards due to their household situation per se, but rather because they are worse off in terms of their economic situation compared to individuals living in other household types.}, language = {en} } @article{RiedererVerwiebeAhn2022, author = {Riederer, Bernhard Edwin and Verwiebe, Roland and Ahn, Byeongsun}, title = {Professionalisation, polarisation or both?}, series = {Vienna}, journal = {Vienna}, publisher = {Routledge}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-0-367-68011-4}, doi = {10.4324/9781003133827-10}, pages = {99 -- 114}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @article{HoelzlVerwiebe2020, author = {H{\"o}lzl, Corinna and Verwiebe, Roland}, title = {Middle-class struggles against high-rise construction in Buenos Aires}, series = {Urban Geography}, volume = {41}, journal = {Urban Geography}, number = {5}, publisher = {Steiner}, address = {Stuttgart}, issn = {1938-2847}, doi = {10.1080/02723638.2019.1700072}, year = {2020}, abstract = {It is a relatively new phenomenon in the context of urban development in Buenos Aires that citizens from the middle class have been increasingly claiming empowerment in local decision making. In this paper, we analyze the spatial-political outcome of protests against high-rise construction and demolitions of the urban heritage in Buenos Aires. Based on a frame analysis, the results of the paper show that the citizens' initiatives under study have been able to incorporate several key issues into the agenda of the public debate: the relevance of the urban heritage, the negative effects of market-oriented municipal politics, and deficient citizen participation. Moreover, the controversies surrounding high-rise constructions in the 2000s and early 2010s disclose a clear degree of politicization. A permanent struggle for primacy in municipal policy models has been sparked, in which victory and defeat alternate, and attention is drawn to more fundamental societal issues beyond urban development}, language = {en} } @article{KazepovVerwiebe2022, author = {Kazepov, Yuri and Verwiebe, Roland}, title = {Is Vienna still a just city?}, series = {Vienna}, journal = {Vienna}, publisher = {Routledge}, address = {London}, isbn = {978-0-367-68011-4}, doi = {10.4324/9781003133827-1}, pages = {1 -- 14}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @article{SeewannVerwiebe2020, author = {Seewann, Lena and Verwiebe, Roland}, title = {How do people interpret the value concept?}, series = {Journal of beliefs and values}, volume = {41}, journal = {Journal of beliefs and values}, number = {6}, publisher = {Routledge}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {1469-9362}, doi = {10.1080/13617672.2019.1707748}, pages = {419 -- 432}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Value research has a long and extensive history of theoretical definitions and empirical investigations using large scale quantitative surveys. However, the way the general population understands, defines, and relates to the concept of values, and how these views vary across individuals is seldom addressed. The present study examined subjective interpretations of the term through focus group interviews, and reports on the development of a Value Conceptualisation Scale (VCS) that distinguishes six dimensions of different views on values: normativity, relevance, validity, stability, consistency, and awareness. Focus group interviews (n = 38) as well as several surveys (n = 100, n = 1519, n = 903, n = 94) were used to develop, refine, and test the scale in terms of response variety, temporal stability, as well as convergent and discriminant validity. These systematic results show that views on values do indeed vary significantly between participants. Correlations with dogmatism, preference for consistency, and metacognition were found for corresponding dimensions. The VCS provides an original measure, which enables future research to explore this variation on the conceptualisation of values.}, language = {en} } @article{VerwiebeKittelDellingeretal.2019, author = {Verwiebe, Roland and Kittel, Bernhard and Dellinger, Fanny and Liebhart, Christina and Schiestl, David and Haindorfer, Raimund and Liedl, Bernd}, title = {Finding your way into employment against all odds?}, series = {Journal of ethnic and migration studies}, volume = {45}, journal = {Journal of ethnic and migration studies}, number = {9}, publisher = {Routledge}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {1369-183X}, doi = {10.1080/1369183X.2018.1552826}, pages = {1401 -- 1418}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Labour market entry poses enormous challenges for recently arrived refugees, ranging from language barriers, devaluation of human capital, unfamiliarity with customs of the job search process to outright discrimination. How can refugees overcome these challenges and quickly enter gainful employment? In this paper, we draw on interviews with 26 male and female refugees from Syria, Afghanistan, Iraq and Iran, conducted in 2017 and 2018, who came to Austria in 2015 and 2014 and who have successfully entered employment. We depict refugees' own perspectives on and strategies for fast job entry and integration. Personal agency and a proactive approach of seeking and seizing opportunities are key for overcoming initial barriers and entering upon positive integration pathways. At the same time, refugees' personal agency is essential for establishing social ties to the host society, which also play a crucial role in early labour market integration. Finally, institutions of the Austrian labour market (the 'apprenticeship'-system) interact with refugees' agency in most intricate ways, both setting up nearly insurmountable barriers but also providing specific opportunities for refugees.}, language = {en} } @article{FritschVerwiebeLiedl2019, author = {Fritsch, Nina-Sophie and Verwiebe, Roland and Liedl, Bernd}, title = {Declining Gender Differences in Low-Wage Employment in Germany, Austria and Switzerland}, series = {Comparative Sociology}, volume = {18}, journal = {Comparative Sociology}, number = {4}, publisher = {Brill}, address = {Leiden}, issn = {1569-1322}, doi = {10.1163/15691330-12341507}, pages = {449 -- 488}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Although the low-wage employment sector has enlarged over the past 20 years in the context of pronounced flexibility in restructured labor markets, gender differences in low-wage employment have declined in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. In this article, the authors examine reasons for declining gender inequalities, and most notably concentrate on explanations for the closing gender gap in low-wage employment risks. In addition, they identify differences and similarities among the German-speaking countries. Based on regression techniques and decomposition analyses (1996-2016), the authors find significantly decreasing labor market risks for the female workforce. Detailed analysis reveals that (1) the concrete positioning in the labor market shows greater importance in explaining declining gender differences compared to personal characteristics. (2) The changed composition of the labor markets has prevented the low-wage sector from increasing even more in general and works in favor of the female workforce and their low-wage employment risks in particular.}, language = {en} } @article{FritschVerwiebeLiedl2019, author = {Fritsch, Nina-Sophie and Verwiebe, Roland and Liedl, Bernd}, title = {Declining Gender Differences in Low-Wage Employment in Germany, Austria and Switzerland}, series = {Comparative Sociology}, volume = {18}, journal = {Comparative Sociology}, number = {4}, publisher = {Brill}, address = {Leiden}, issn = {1569-1330}, doi = {10.1163/15691330-12341507}, pages = {449 -- 448}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Although the low-wage employment sector has enlarged over the past 20 years in the context of pronounced flexibility in restructured labor markets, gender differences in low-wage employment have declined in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. In this article, the authors examine reasons for declining gender inequalities, and most notably concentrate on explanations for the closing gender gap in low-wage employment risks. In addition, they identify differences and similarities among the German-speaking countries. Based on regression techniques and decomposition analyses (1996-2016), the authors find significantly decreasing labor market risks for the female workforce. Detailed analysis reveals that (1) the concrete positioning in the labor market shows greater importance in explaining declining gender differences compared to personal characteristics. (2) The changed composition of the labor markets has prevented the low-wage sector from increasing even more in general and works in favor of the female workforce and their low-wage employment risks in particular.}, language = {en} } @article{RiedererVerwiebeSeewann2019, author = {Riederer, Bernhard Edwin and Verwiebe, Roland and Seewann, Lena}, title = {Changing social stratification in Vienna}, series = {Population, Space and Place}, volume = {25}, journal = {Population, Space and Place}, number = {2}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {New York}, issn = {1544-8444}, doi = {10.1002/psp.2215}, pages = {1 -- 11}, year = {2019}, abstract = {The social stratification systems of major cities are transforming all around the globe. International research has been discussing this trend and focus on changing occupational classes. However, the precise effects on urban households, taking social welfare and different family arrangements into account, as well as the precise effects on people with a migration background, remain unclear. Using the example of Vienna, this article examines immigration as a key dimension for social stratification. Although household income structures in Austria have remained comparatively stable over the past two decades, the middle-income share in Vienna (as the sole metropolis in Austria) has dramatically decreased. This predominantly affects people from migrant backgrounds. Using a comprehensive dataset (two waves, N = 16,700 participants, including N = 4,500 migrants), we systematically examine the role of (a) migration-specific and (b) education- and employment-related factors to explain the decline of middle-income migrants. The results of multinomial logistic regression and decomposition analyses suggest that transformations in the labour market is the main driving force. Changing migrant characteristics have counteracted this process. If today's migrants displayed similar showed characteristics (e.g., origin and educational levels) to those prevalent in the past decade, the ethnic stratification disparities would have been even stronger.}, language = {en} }