@article{MuellerRzepkaSimbeck2021,
  author    = {M{\"u}ller, Hans-Georg and Rzepka, Nathalie and Simbeck, Katharina},
  title     = {What you apply is not what you learn!},
  series = {Journal of Educational Data Mining},
  journal   = {Journal of Educational Data Mining},
  pages     = {7},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The ability to spell correctly is a fundamental skill for participating in society and engaging in professional work. In the German language, the capitalization of nouns and proper names presents major difficulties for both native and nonnative learners, since the definition of what is a noun varies according to one's linguistic perspective. In this paper, we hypothesize that learners use different cognitive strategies to identify nouns. To this end, we examine capitalization exercises from more than 30,000 users of an online spelling training platform. The cognitive strategies identified are syntactic, semantic, pragmatic, and morphological approaches. The strategies used by learners overlap widely but differ by individual and evolve with grade level. The results show that even though the pragmatic strategy is not taught systematically in schools, it is the most widespread and most successful strategy used by learners. We therefore suggest that highly granular learning process data can not only provide insights into learners' capabilities and enable the creation of individualized learning content but also inform curriculum development.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WieseMayrKraemeretal.2017,
  author    = {Wiese, Heike and Mayr, Katharina and Kr{\"a}mer, Philipp and Seeger, Patrick and M{\"u}ller, Hans-Georg and Mezger, Verena},
  title     = {Changing teachers' attitudes towards linguistic diversity},
  series = {International Journal of Applied Linguistics},
  volume    = {27},
  journal   = {International Journal of Applied Linguistics},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Wiley},
  address   = {Hoboken},
  issn      = {0802-6106},
  doi       = {10.1111/ijal.12121},
  pages     = {198 -- 220},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {We discuss an intervention programme for kindergarten and school teachers' continuing education in Germany that targets biases against language outside a perceived monolingual 'standard' and its speakers. The programme combines anti-bias methods relating to linguistic diversity with objectives of raising critical language awareness. Evaluation through teachers' workshops in Berlin and Brandenburg points to positive and enduring attitudinal changes in participants, but not in control groups that did not attend workshops, and effects were independent of personal variables gender and teaching subject and only weakly associated with age. We relate these effects to such programme features as indirect and inclusive methods that foster active engagement, and the combination of 'safer' topics targeting attitudes towards linguistic structures with more challenging ones dealing with the discrimination of speakers.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MuellerWieseMayretal.2015,
  author    = {M{\"u}ller, Hans-Georg and Wiese, Heike and Mayr, Katharina and Kr{\"a}mer, Philipp and Seeger, Patrick and Mezger, Verena},
  title     = {Changing teachers' attitudes towards linguistic diversity},
  series = {International Journal of Applied Linguistics},
  volume    = {27},
  journal   = {International Journal of Applied Linguistics},
  number    = {1},
  pages     = {198 -- 220},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {We discuss an intervention programme for kindergarten and school teachers' continuing education in Germany that targets biases against language outside a perceived monolingual 'standard' and its speakers. The programme combines anti-bias methods relating to linguistic diversity with objectives of raising critical language awareness. Evaluation through teachers' workshops in Berlin and Brandenburg points to positive and enduring attitudinal changes in participants, but not in control groups that did not attend workshops, and effects were independent of personal variables gender and teaching subject and only weakly associated with age. We relate these effects to such programme features as indirect and inclusive methods that foster active engagement, and the combination of 'safer' topics targeting attitudes towards linguistic structures with more challenging ones dealing with the discrimination of speakers.},
  language  = {en}
}