@article{KhalilLietzMayer2022,
  author    = {Khalil, Samir and Lietz, Almuth and Mayer, Sabrina J.},
  title     = {Overeducation as moderator for the link between job change and job satisfaction among immigrants and natives in Germany},
  series = {Current psychology},
  volume    = {42},
  journal   = {Current psychology},
  number    = {30},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {New York, NY},
  issn      = {1046-1310},
  doi       = {10.1007/s12144-022-03695-7},
  pages     = {26692 -- 26708},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Job satisfaction is a major driver of an individual's subjective well-being and thus affects public health, societal prosperity, and organisations, as dissatisfied employees are less productive and more likely to change jobs. However, changing jobs does not necessarily lead to higher job satisfaction in the long run. Previous studies have shown, instead, that changing jobs only increases job satisfaction for a short period of time before it gradually falls back to similar levels as before. This phenomenon is known as the 'honeymoon-hangover' pattern. In our study, we identify an important new moderator of the relation between job change and job satisfaction: the job-education match of job changes. Based on relative deprivation theory, we argue that job changes from being overeducated in a job lowers the likelihood of negative comparisons and thus increases the honeymoon period, lessens the hangover period, and increases long-term job satisfaction. We use data from the Socio-Economic Panel ranging from 1994-2018 and focus specifically on individual periods of employees before and after job changes (n = 134,404). Our results confirm that a change to a job that requires a matched education has a stronger and longer-lasting effect on job satisfaction, and that this effect is slightly lower for respondents born abroad.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KhalilKohlerTjaden2022,
  author    = {Khalil, Samir and Kohler, Ulrich and Tjaden, Jasper Dag},
  title     = {Is There a Rural Penalty in Language Acquisition? Evidence From Germany's Refugee Allocation Policy},
  series = {Frontiers in Sociology},
  volume    = {7},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Sociology},
  publisher = {Frontiers},
  address   = {Lausanne, Schweiz},
  issn      = {2297-7775},
  doi       = {10.3389/fsoc.2022.841775},
  pages     = {1 -- 11},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Emerging evidence has highlighted the important role of local contexts for integration trajectories of asylum seekers and refugees. Germany's policy of randomly allocating asylum seekers across Germany may advantage some and disadvantage others in terms of opportunities for equal participation in society. This study explores the question whether asylum seekers that have been allocated to rural areas experience disadvantages in terms of language acquisition compared to those allocated to urban areas. We derive testable assumptions using a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) which are then tested using large-N survey data (IAB-BAMF-SOEP refugee survey). We find that living in a rural area has no negative total effect on language skills. Further the findings suggest that the "null effect" is the result of two processes which offset each other: while asylum seekers in rural areas have slightly lower access for formal, federally organized language courses, they have more regular exposure to German speakers.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KhalilKohlerTjaden2022,
  author    = {Khalil, Samir and Kohler, Ulrich and Tjaden, Jasper},
  title     = {Is there a rural penalty in language acquisition?},
  series = {Frontiers in sociology},
  volume    = {7},
  journal   = {Frontiers in sociology},
  publisher = {Frontiers Media},
  address   = {Lausanne},
  issn      = {2297-7775},
  doi       = {10.3389/fsoc.2022.841775},
  pages     = {11},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Emerging evidence has highlighted the important role of local contexts for integration trajectories of asylum seekers and refugees. Germany's policy of randomly allocating asylum seekers across Germany may advantage some and disadvantage others in terms of opportunities for equal participation in society. This study explores the question whether asylum seekers that have been allocated to rural areas experience disadvantages in terms of language acquisition compared to those allocated to urban areas. We derive testable assumptions using a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) which are then tested using large-N survey data (IAB-BAMF-SOEP refugee survey). We find that living in a rural area has no negative total effect on language skills. Further the findings suggest that the "null effect" is the result of two processes which offset each other: while asylum seekers in rural areas have slightly lower access for formal, federally organized language courses, they have more regular exposure to German speakers.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KhalilNaumann2021,
  author    = {Khalil, Samir and Naumann, Elias},
  title     = {Does contact with foreigners reduce worries about immigration?},
  series = {European sociological review},
  volume    = {38},
  journal   = {European sociological review},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {0266-7215},
  doi       = {10.1093/esr/jcab039},
  pages     = {189 -- 201},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {This article examines how contact with perceived foreigners affects natives' attitudes towards immigration. Using six waves of individual level panel data from Germany (2007-2017), we find that natives' reported mutual visits with foreigners reduce worries about immigration. However, the results do not imply an increase in this effect in the course of repeated contact. Our analyses also consider the possibility that the effect of out-group contact on attitudes is heterogeneous across social groups. Our results show that contact effects are not restricted to younger age groups but also hold for older age groups. Surprisingly, there are stronger reductions in worries among right-leaning compared to left-leaning individuals.},
  language  = {en}
}