@article{ChengKatiyarBaueretal.1998, author = {Cheng, Z. Y. and Katiyar, R. S. and Bauer, Siegfried and Bauer-Gogonea, Simona and Gerhard, Reimund}, title = {Thermally stimulated depolarization current of a nonlinear optical side-chain polymer}, year = {1998}, language = {en} } @article{Bauer1995, author = {Bauer, Siegfried}, title = {The pyroelectric response of polymers and its applications}, year = {1995}, language = {en} } @article{CarpiAndersonBaueretal.2015, author = {Carpi, Federico and Anderson, Iain and Bauer, Siegfried and Frediani, Gabriele and Gallone, Giuseppe and Gei, Massimiliano and Graaf, Christian and Jean-Mistral, Claire and Kaal, William and Kofod, Guggi and Kollosche, Matthias and Kornbluh, Roy and Lassen, Benny and Matysek, Marc and Michel, Silvain and Nowak, Stephan and Pei, Qibing and Pelrine, Ron and Rechenbach, Bjorn and Rosset, Samuel and Shea, Herbert}, title = {Standards for dielectric elastomer transducers}, series = {Smart materials and structures}, volume = {24}, journal = {Smart materials and structures}, number = {10}, publisher = {IOP Publ. Ltd.}, address = {Bristol}, issn = {0964-1726}, doi = {10.1088/0964-1726/24/10/105025}, pages = {25}, year = {2015}, abstract = {Dielectric elastomer transducers consist of thin electrically insulating elastomeric membranes coated on both sides with compliant electrodes. They are a promising electromechanically active polymer technology that may be used for actuators, strain sensors, and electrical generators that harvest mechanical energy. The rapid development of this field calls for the first standards, collecting guidelines on how to assess and compare the performance of materials and devices. This paper addresses this need, presenting standardized methods for material characterisation, device testing and performance measurement. These proposed standards are intended to have a general scope and a broad applicability to different material types and device configurations. Nevertheless, they also intentionally exclude some aspects where knowledge and/or consensus in the literature were deemed to be insufficient. This is a sign of a young and vital field, whose research development is expected to benefit from this effort towards standardisation.}, language = {en} } @article{DonvalBerkovicYilmazetal.1996, author = {Donval, Ariela and Berkovic, Garry and Yilmaz, S{\"u}kr{\"u} and Bauer-Gogonea, Simona and Brinker, Walter and Wirges, Werner and Bauer, Siegfried and Gerhard, Reimund}, title = {Spatial and thermal analysis of nonlinearity created by asymmetric charge injection}, year = {1996}, language = {en} } @article{RollikBauerGerhard1999, author = {Rollik, Denis and Bauer, Siegfried and Gerhard, Reimund}, title = {Separate contributions to the pyroelectricity in polyvinylidene fluoride from the amorphous and crystalline phases as well as their interfaces}, year = {1999}, language = {en} } @article{KofodPaajanenBauer2006, author = {Kofod, Guggi and Paajanen, Mika and Bauer, Siegfried}, title = {Self-organized minimum-energy structures for dielectric elastomer actuators}, issn = {0947-8396}, doi = {10.1007/s00339-006-3680-3}, year = {2006}, language = {en} } @article{BauerRenYilmazetal.1995, author = {Bauer, Siegfried and Ren, W. and Yilmaz, S{\"u}kr{\"u} and Wirges, Werner and Gerhard, Reimund}, title = {Relaxation processes in poled nonlinear optical polymers}, year = {1995}, language = {en} } @article{StrackeBayerZimmermannetal.1999, author = {Stracke, A. and Bayer, A. and Zimmermann, S. and Wendorff, Joachim Heinz and Wirges, Werner and Bauer-Gogonea, Simona and Bauer, Siegfried and Gerhard, Reimund}, title = {Relaxation behaviour of electrically induced polar orientation and of optically induced non-polar orientation in an azo-chromophore side group polymer}, issn = {0022-3727}, year = {1999}, language = {en} } @article{RollikKuenstlerBaueretal.1999, author = {Rollik, Denis and K{\"u}nstler, Wolfgang and Bauer, Siegfried and Gerhard, Reimund}, title = {Pyroelectrical study of the polarization contributions from the amorphous and crystalline phases as well as from their interface in poly(vinylidene fluoride)}, year = {1999}, language = {en} } @article{BauerBauerGogoneaYilmazetal.1995, author = {Bauer, Siegfried and Bauer-Gogonea, Simona and Yilmaz, S{\"u}kr{\"u} and Wirges, Werner and Gerhard, Reimund}, title = {Pyroelectrical investigation of nonlinear optical polymers with uniform or patterned dipole orientation}, year = {1995}, language = {en} } @article{BauerBauerGogoneaYilmazetal.1995, author = {Bauer, Siegfried and Bauer-Gogonea, Simona and Yilmaz, S{\"u}kr{\"u} and Dinger, Claudia and Wirges, Werner and Gerhard, Reimund and Michelotti, F. and Toussaere, E. and Levenson, R. and Liang, J. and Zyss, Joseph}, title = {Pyroelectric, dielectric and electro-optical investigation of crosslinking in Red Acid Magly}, year = {1995}, language = {en} } @article{BauerLang1996, author = {Bauer, Siegfried and Lang, Sidney B.}, title = {Pyroelectric polymer electrets}, year = {1996}, language = {en} } @article{DonvalBerkovicBauerGogoneaetal.1995, author = {Donval, Ariela and Berkovic, Garry and Bauer-Gogonea, Simona and Wirges, Werner and Bauer, Siegfried and Gerhard, Reimund}, title = {Pyroelectric depth profiling of the optical nonlinearity caused by charge injection}, year = {1995}, language = {en} } @article{BauerGogoneaBauerWirgesetal.1995, author = {Bauer-Gogonea, Simona and Bauer, Siegfried and Wirges, Werner and Gerhard, Reimund}, title = {Preparation and pyroelectrical investigation of bimorph polymer layers}, year = {1995}, language = {en} } @article{Bauer1996, author = {Bauer, Siegfried}, title = {Poled polymers for sensors and photonic applications}, year = {1996}, language = {en} } @article{BauerGogoneaBauerWirgesetal.1995, author = {Bauer-Gogonea, Simona and Bauer, Siegfried and Wirges, Werner and Gerhard, Reimund and Wintler, H. J.}, title = {Physical aging after photo-induced or thermally assisted poling for enhancing the stability of polymeric dipole glasses}, year = {1995}, language = {en} } @article{BrinkerYilmazWirgesetal.1995, author = {Brinker, Walter and Yilmaz, S{\"u}kr{\"u} and Wirges, Werner and Bauer, Siegfried and Gerhard, Reimund}, title = {Phase-shift interference microscope for the investigation of dipoleorientation distributions}, year = {1995}, language = {en} } @article{BauerGogoneaBauerGerhard1999, author = {Bauer-Gogonea, Simona and Bauer, Siegfried and Gerhard, Reimund}, title = {Monomorphs, bimorphs and multimorphs from polar polymer electrets}, year = {1999}, language = {en} } @article{BauerGerhardSessler2004, author = {Bauer, Siegfried and Gerhard, Reimund and Sessler, G. M.}, title = {Ferroelectrets : soft electroactive foams for transducers}, year = {2004}, language = {en} } @article{KofodWirgesPaajanenetal.2007, author = {Kofod, Guggi and Wirges, Werner and Paajanen, Mika and Bauer, Siegfried}, title = {Energy minimization for self-organized structure formation and actuation}, issn = {0003-6951}, doi = {10.1063/1.2695785}, year = {2007}, abstract = {An approach for creating complex structures with embedded actuation in planar manufacturing steps is presented. Self-organization and energy minimization are central to this approach, illustrated with a model based on minimization of the hyperelastic free energy strain function of a stretched elastomer and the bending elastic energy of a plastic frame. A tulip-shaped gripper structure illustrates the technological potential of the approach. Advantages are simplicity of manufacture, complexity of final structures, and the ease with which any electroactive material can be exploited as means of actuation. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics.}, language = {en} }