@misc{Clahsen2016,
  author    = {Clahsen, Harald},
  title     = {Contributions of linguistic typology to psycholinguistics},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-397757},
  pages     = {16},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {This article first outlines different ways of how psycholinguists have dealt with linguistic diversity and illustrates these approaches with three familiar cases from research on language processing, language acquisition, and language disorders. The second part focuses on the role of morphology and morphological variability across languages for psycholinguistic research. The specific phenomena to be examined are to do with stem-formation morphology and inflectional classes; they illustrate how experimental research that is informed by linguistic typology can lead to new insights.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Hennemann2016,
  author    = {Hennemann, Anja},
  title     = {A cognitive-constructionist approach to Spanish creo {\O} and creo yo '[I] think'},
  series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Philosophische Reihe},
  journal   = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Philosophische Reihe},
  number    = {121},
  issn      = {1866-8380},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-397485},
  pages     = {26},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {The present study approaches the Spanish postposed constructions creo {\O} and creo yo '[p], [I] think' from a cognitive-constructionist perspective. It is argued that both constructions are to be distinguished from one another because creo {\O} has a subjective function, while in creo yo, it is the intersubjective dimension that is particularly prominent. The present investigation takes both a qualitative and a quantitative perspective. With regard to the latter, the problem of quantitative representativity is addressed. The discussion posed the question of how empirical research can feed back into theory, more precisely, into the framework of Cognitive Construction Grammar. The data to be analyzed here are retrieved from the corpora Corpus de Referencia del Espa{\~n}ol Actual and Corpus del Espa{\~n}ol.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Krohmer2016,
  author    = {Krohmer, Anton},
  title     = {Structures \& algorithms in hyperbolic random graphs},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-395974},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xii, 102},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Complex networks are ubiquitous in nature and society. They appear in vastly different domains, for instance as social networks, biological interactions or communication networks. Yet in spite of their different origins, these networks share many structural characteristics. For instance, their degree distribution typically follows a power law. This means that the fraction of vertices of degree k is proportional to k^(-β) for some constant β; making these networks highly inhomogeneous. Furthermore, they also typically have high clustering, meaning that links between two nodes are more likely to appear if they have a neighbor in common. To mathematically study the behavior of such networks, they are often modeled as random graphs. Many of the popular models like inhomogeneous random graphs or Preferential Attachment excel at producing a power law degree distribution. Clustering, on the other hand, is in these models either not present or artificially enforced. Hyperbolic random graphs bridge this gap by assuming an underlying geometry to the graph: Each vertex is assigned coordinates in the hyperbolic plane, and two vertices are connected if they are nearby. Clustering then emerges as a natural consequence: Two nodes joined by an edge are close by and therefore have many neighbors in common. On the other hand, the exponential expansion of space in the hyperbolic plane naturally produces a power law degree sequence. Due to the hyperbolic geometry, however, rigorous mathematical treatment of this model can quickly become mathematically challenging. In this thesis, we improve upon the understanding of hyperbolic random graphs by studying its structural and algorithmical properties. Our main contribution is threefold. First, we analyze the emergence of cliques in this model. We find that whenever the power law exponent β is 2 < β < 3, there exists a clique of polynomial size in n. On the other hand, for β >= 3, the size of the largest clique is logarithmic; which severely contrasts previous models with a constant size clique in this case. We also provide efficient algorithms for finding cliques if the hyperbolic node coordinates are known. Second, we analyze the diameter, i. e., the longest shortest path in the graph. We find that it is of order O(polylog(n)) if 2 < β < 3 and O(logn) if β > 3. To complement these findings, we also show that the diameter is of order at least Ω(logn). Third, we provide an algorithm for embedding a real-world graph into the hyperbolic plane using only its graph structure. To ensure good quality of the embedding, we perform extensive computational experiments on generated hyperbolic random graphs. Further, as a proof of concept, we embed the Amazon product recommendation network and observe that products from the same category are mapped close together.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{MartinezValdes2016,
  author    = {Mart{\´i}nez Vald{\´e}s, Eduardo Andr{\´e}s},
  title     = {Neuromuscular adaptations of either endurance or high-intensity interval training},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-396383},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {VII, 140, XII},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {During the last decade, high intensity interval training (HIIT) has been used as an alternative to endurance (END) exercise, since it requires less time to produce similar physiological adaptations. Previous literature has focused on HIIT changes in aerobic metabolism and cardiorespiratory fitness, however, there are currently no studies focusing on its neuromuscular adaptations. Therefore, this thesis aimed to compare the neuromuscular adaptations of both HIIT and END after a two-week training intervention, by using a novel technology called high-density surface electromyography (HDEMG) motor unit decomposition. This project consisted in two experiments, where healthy young men were recruited (aged between 18 to 35 years). In experiment one, the reliability of HDEMG motor unit variables (mean discharge rate, peak-to-peak amplitude, conduction velocity and discharge rate variability) was tested (Study 1), a new method to track the same motor units longitudinally was proposed (Study 2), and the level of low (<5Hz) and high (>5Hz) frequency motor unit coherence between vastus medialis (VM) and lateralis (VL) knee extensor muscles was measured (Study 4). In experiment two, a two-week HIIT and END intervention was conducted where cardiorespiratory fitness parameters (e.g. peak oxygen uptake) and motor unit variables from the VM and VL muscles were assessed pre and post intervention (Study 3). The results showed that HDEMG is reliable to monitor changes in motor unit activity and also allows the tracking of the same motor units across different testing sessions. As expected, both HIIT and END improved cardiorespiratory fitness parameters similarly. However, the neuromuscular adaptations of both types of training differed after the intervention, with HIIT showing a significant increase in knee extensor muscle strength that was accompanied by increased VM and VL motor unit discharge rates and HDEMG amplitude at the highest force levels [(50 and 70\% of the maximum voluntary contraction force (MVC)], while END training induced a marked increase in time to task failure at lower force levels (30\% MVC), without any influence on HDEMG amplitude and discharge rates. Additionally, the results showed that VM and VL muscles share most of their synaptic input since they present a large amount of low and high frequency motor unit coherence, which can explain the findings of the training intervention where both muscles showed similar changes in HDEMG amplitude and discharge rates. Taken together, the findings of the current thesis show that despite similar improvements in cardiopulmonary fitness, HIIT and END induced opposite adjustments in motor unit behavior. These results suggest that HIIT and END show specific neuromuscular adaptations, possibly related to their differences in exercise load intensity and training volume.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Breitling2016,
  author    = {Breitling, Frank},
  title     = {Propagation of energetic electrons in the solar corona observed with LOFAR},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-396893},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xiii, 101},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {This work reports about new high-resolution imaging and spectroscopic observations of solar type III radio bursts at low radio frequencies in the range from 30 to 80 MHz. Solar type III radio bursts are understood as result of the beam-plasma interaction of electron beams in the corona. The Sun provides a unique opportunity to study these plasma processes of an active star. Its activity appears in eruptive events like flares, coronal mass ejections and radio bursts which are all accompanied by enhanced radio emission. Therefore solar radio emission carries important information about plasma processes associated with the Sun's activity. Moreover, the Sun's atmosphere is a unique plasma laboratory with plasma processes under conditions not found in terrestrial laboratories. Because of the Sun's proximity to Earth, it can be studied in greater detail than any other star but new knowledge about the Sun can be transfer to them. This "solar stellar connection" is important for the understanding of processes on other stars. The novel radio interferometer LOFAR provides imaging and spectroscopic capabilities to study these processes at low frequencies. Here it was used for solar observations. LOFAR, the characteristics of its solar data and the processing and analysis of the latter with the Solar Imaging Pipeline and Solar Data Center are described. The Solar Imaging Pipeline is the central software that allows using LOFAR for solar observations. So its development was necessary for the analysis of solar LOFAR data and realized here. Moreover a new density model with heat conduction and Alfv{\´e}n waves was developed that provides the distance of radio bursts to the Sun from dynamic radio spectra. Its application to the dynamic spectrum of a type III burst observed on March 16, 2016 by LOFAR shows a nonuniform radial propagation velocity of the radio emission. The analysis of an imaging observation of type III bursts on June 23, 2012 resolves a burst as bright, compact region localized in the corona propagating in radial direction along magnetic field lines with an average velocity of 0.23c. A nonuniform propagation velocity is revealed. A new beam model is presented that explains the nonuniform motion of the radio source as a propagation effect of an electron ensemble with a spread velocity distribution and rules out a monoenergetic electron distribution. The coronal electron number density is derived in the region from 1.5 to 2.5 R☉ and fitted with the newly developed density model. It determines the plasma density for the interplanetary space between Sun and Earth. The values correspond to a 1.25- and 5-fold Newkirk model for harmonic and fundamental emission, respectively. In comparison to data from other radio instruments the LOFAR data shows a high sensitivity and resolution in space, time and frequency. The new results from LOFAR's high resolution imaging spectroscopy are consistent with current theories of solar type III radio bursts and demonstrate its capability to track fast moving radio sources in the corona. LOFAR solar data is found to be a valuable source for solar radio physics and opens a new window for studying plasma processes associated with highly energetic electrons in the solar corona.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Vacogne2016,
  author    = {Vacogne, Charlotte D.},
  title     = {New synthetic routes towards well-defined polypeptides, morphologies and hydrogels},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-396366},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xii, 175},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Proteins are natural polypeptides produced by cells; they can be found in both animals and plants, and possess a variety of functions. One of these functions is to provide structural support to the surrounding cells and tissues. For example, collagen (which is found in skin, cartilage, tendons and bones) and keratin (which is found in hair and nails) are structural proteins. When a tissue is damaged, however, the supporting matrix formed by structural proteins cannot always spontaneously regenerate. Tailor-made synthetic polypeptides can be used to help heal and restore tissue formation. Synthetic polypeptides are typically synthesized by the so-called ring opening polymerization (ROP) of α-amino acid N-carboxyanhydrides (NCA). Such synthetic polypeptides are generally non-sequence-controlled and thus less complex than proteins. As such, synthetic polypeptides are rarely as efficient as proteins in their ability to self-assemble and form hierarchical or structural supramolecular assemblies in water, and thus, often require rational designing. In this doctoral work, two types of amino acids, γ-benzyl-L/D-glutamate (BLG / BDG) and allylglycine (AG), were selected to synthesize a series of (co)polypeptides of different compositions and molar masses. A new and versatile synthetic route to prepare polypeptides was developed, and its mechanism and kinetics were investigated. The polypeptide properties were thoroughly studied and new materials were developed from them. In particular, these polypeptides were able to aggregate (or self-assemble) in solution into microscopic fibres, very similar to those formed by collagen. By doing so, they formed robust physical networks and organogels which could be processed into high water-content, pH-responsive hydrogels. Particles with highly regular and chiral spiral morphologies were also obtained by emulsifying these polypeptides. Such polypeptides and the materials derived from them are, therefore, promising candidates for biomedical applications.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Castino2016,
  author    = {Castino, Fabiana},
  title     = {Climate variability and extreme hydro-meteorological events in the Southern Central Andes, NW Argentina},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-396815},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xi, 144},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Extreme hydro-meteorological events, such as severe droughts or heavy rainstorms, constitute primary manifestations of climate variability and exert a critical impact on the natural environment and human society. This is particularly true for high-mountain areas, such as the eastern flank of the southern Central Andes of NW Argentina, a region impacted by deep convection processes that form the basis of extreme events, often resulting in floods, a variety of mass movements, and hillslope processes. This region is characterized by pronounced E-W gradients in topography, precipitation, and vegetation cover, spanning low to medium-elevation, humid and densely vegetated areas to high-elevation, arid and sparsely vegetated environments. This strong E-W gradient is mirrored by differences in the efficiency of surface processes, which mobilize and transport large amounts of sediment through the fluvial system, from the steep hillslopes to the intermontane basins and further to the foreland. In a highly sensitive high-mountain environment like this, even small changes in the spatiotemporal distribution, magnitude and rates of extreme events may strongly impact environmental conditions, anthropogenic activity, and the well-being of mountain communities and beyond. However, although the NW Argentine Andes comprise the catchments for the La Plata river that traverses one of the most populated and economically relevant areas of South America, there are only few detailed investigations of climate variability and extreme hydro-meteorological events. In this thesis, I focus on deciphering the spatiotemporal variability of rainfall and river discharge, with particular emphasis on extreme hydro-meteorological events in the subtropical southern Central Andes of NW Argentina during the past seven decades. I employ various methods to assess and quantify statistically significant trend patterns of rainfall and river discharge, integrating high-quality daily time series from gauging stations (40 rainfall and 8 river discharge stations) with gridded datasets (CPC-uni and TRMM 3B42 V7), for the period between 1940 and 2015. Evidence for a general intensification of the hydrological cycle at intermediate elevations (~ 0.5 - 3 km asl) at the eastern flank of the southern Central Andes is found both from rainfall and river-discharge time-series analysis during the period from 1940 to 2015. This intensification is associated with the increase of the annual total amount of rainfall and the mean annual discharge. However, most pronounced trends are found at high percentiles, i.e. extreme hydro-meteorological events, particularly during the wet season from December to February.An important outcome of my studies is the recognition of a rapid increase in the amount of river discharge during the period between 1971 and 1977, most likely linked to the 1976-77 global climate shift, which is associated with the North Pacific Ocean sea surface temperature variability. Interestingly, after this rapid increase, both rainfall and river discharge decreased at low and intermediate elevations along the eastern flank of the Andes. In contrast, during the same time interval, at high elevations, extensive areas on the arid Puna de Atacama plateau have recorded increasing annual rainfall totals. This has been associated with more intense extreme hydro-meteorological events from 1979 to 2014. This part of the study reveals that low-, intermediate, and high-elevation sectors in the Andes of NW Argentina respond differently to changing climate conditions. Possible forcing mechanisms of the pronounced hydro-meteorological variability observed in the study area are also investigated. For the period between 1940 and 2015, I analyzed modes of oscillation of river discharge from small to medium drainage basins (102 to 104 km2), located on the eastern flank of the orogen. First, I decomposed the relevant monthly time series using the Hilbert-Huang Transform, which is particularly appropriate for non-stationary time series that result from non-linear natural processes. I observed that in the study region discharge variability can be described by five quasi-periodic oscillatory modes on timescales varying from 1 to ~20 years. Secondly, I tested the link between river-discharge variations and large-scale climate modes of variability, using different climate indices, such as the BEST ENSO (Bivariate El Ni{\~n}o-Southern Oscillation Time-series) index. This analysis reveals that, although most of the variance on the annual timescale is associated with the South American Monsoon System, a relatively large part of river-discharge variability is linked to Pacific Ocean variability (PDO phases) at multi-decadal timescales (~20 years). To a lesser degree, river discharge variability is also linked to the Tropical South Atlantic (TSA) sea surface temperature anomaly at multi-annual timescales (~2-5 years). Taken together, these findings exemplify the high degree of sensitivity of high-mountain environments with respect to climatic variability and change. This is particularly true for the topographic transitions between the humid, low-moderate elevations and the semi-arid to arid highlands of the southern Central Andes. Even subtle changes in the hydro-meteorological regime of these areas of the mountain belt react with major impacts on erosional hillslope processes and generate mass movements that fundamentally impact the transport capacity of mountain streams. Despite more severe storms in these areas, the fluvial system is characterized by pronounced variability of the stream power on different timescales, leading to cycles of sediment aggradation, the loss of agriculturally used land and severe impacts on infrastructure.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Fournier2016,
  author    = {Fournier, Yori},
  title     = {Dynamics of the rise of magnetic flux tubes in stellar interiors},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-394533},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xii, 98},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {In sonnen{\"a}hnlichen Sternen erh{\"a}lt ein Dynamo-Mechanismus die Magnetfelder. Der Babcock-Leighton-Dynamo beruht auf einem solchen Mechanismus und erfordert insbesondere die Existenz von magnetischen Flussr{\"o}hren. Man nimmt an, dass magnetische Flussr{\"o}hren am Boden der Konvetionszone entstehen und durch Auftrieb bis zur Oberfl{\"a}che steigen. Es wird ein spezielles Dynamomodell vorgeschlagen, in dem der Verz{\"o}gerungseffekt durch das Aufsteigen der Flussr{\"o}hren ber{\"u}cksichtigt wird. Die vorliegende Dissertation besch{\"a}ftigt sich mit der Anwendbarkeit des Babcock-Leighton-Dynamos auf andere Sterne. Zu diesem Zweck versuchen wir, die Aufstiegszeiten von magnetischen Flussr{\"o}hren mit Hilfe von kompressiblen MHD-Simulationen in sp{\"a}rischen Kugelschalen mit Dichteschichtung zu bestimmen und einzugrenzen. Derartige Simulationen sind allerdings nur in einem unrealistischen Parameterbereich m{\"o}glich. Deshalb ist eine Skalierungsrelation n{\"o}tig, die die Ergebnisse auf realistische physikalische Regimes {\"u}bertr{\"a}gt. Wir erweitern fr{\"u}here Arbeiten zu Skalierungsrelationen in 2D und leiten ein allgemeines Skalierungsgesetz ab, das f{\"u}r 2D- und 3D-Flussr{\"o}hren g{\"u}ltig ist. In einem umfangreichen Satz von numerischen Simulationen zeigen wir, dass die abgeleitete Skalierungsrelation auch im vollst{\"a}ndig nichtlinearen Fall gilt. Wir haben damit ein Gesetz f{\"u}r die Aufstiegszeit von magnetischen Flussr{\"o}hren gefunden, dass in jedem sonnen{\"a}hnlichen Stern G{\"u}ltigkeit hat. Schließlich implementieren wir dieses Gesetz in einem Dynamomodell mit Verz{\"o}gerungsterm. Die Simulationen eines solchen verz{\"o}gerten Flussr{\"o}hren/Babcock-Leighton-Dynamos auf der Basis der Meanfield-Formulierung f{\"u}hrten auf ein neues Dynamo-Regime, das nur bei Anwesenheit der Verz{\"o}gerung existiert. Die erforderlichen Verz{\"o}gerungen sind von der Gr{\"o}{\"y}enordnung der Zyklusl{\"a}nge, die resultierenden Magnetfelder sind schw{\"a}cher als die {\"A}quipartitions-Feldst{\"a}rke. Dieses neue Regime zeigt, dass auch bei sehr langen Aufstiegszeiten der Flussr{\"o}hren/Babcock-Leighton-Dynamo noch nichtzerfallende L{\"o}sungen liefern und daher auf ein breites Spektrum von Sternen anwendbar sein kann.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Fandrich2016,
  author    = {Fandrich, Artur},
  title     = {Untersuchung des Verhaltens von thermoresponsiven Polymeren auf Elektroden in Interaktion mit biomolekularen Systemen},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-396551},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {111},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Diese Arbeit befasst sich mit der Herstellung und Charakterisierung von thermoresponsiven Filmen auf Goldelektroden durch Fixierung eines bereits synthetisierten thermoresponsiven Polymers. Als Basis f{\"u}r die Entwicklung der responsiven Grenzfl{\"a}che dienten drei unterschiedliche Copolymere (Polymere I, II und III) aus der Gruppe der thermisch schaltbaren Poly(oligo(ethylenglykol)methacrylate). Die turbidimetrischen Messungen der Copolymere in L{\"o}sungen haben gezeigt, dass der Tr{\"u}bungspunkt vom pH-Wert, der Gegenwart von Salzen sowie von der Ionenst{\"a}rke der L{\"o}sung abh{\"a}ngig ist. Nach der Charakterisierung der Polymere in L{\"o}sung wurden Experimente der kovalenten Kopplung der Polymere I bis III an die Oberfl{\"a}che der Gold-Elektroden durchgef{\"u}hrt. W{\"a}hrend bei Polymeren I und II die Ankopplung auf einer Amidverbr{\"u}ckung basierte, wurde bei Polymer III als alternative Methode zur Immobilisierung eine photoinduzierte Anbindung unter gleichzeitiger Vernetzung gew{\"a}hlt. Der Nachweis der erfolgreichen Ankopplung erfolgte bei allen Polymeren elektrochemisch mittels Cyclovoltammetrie und Impedanzspektroskopie in K3/4[Fe(CN)6]-L{\"o}sungen. Wie die Ellipsometrie-Messungen zeigten, waren die erhaltenen Polymer-Filme unterschiedlich dick. Die Ankopplung {\"u}ber Amidverbr{\"u}ckung lieferte d{\"u}nne Filme (10 - 15 nm), w{\"a}hrend der photovernetzte Film deutlich dicker war (70-80 nm) und die darunter liegende Oberfl{\"a}che relativ gut isolierte. Elektrochemische Temperaturexperimente an Polymer-modifizierten Oberfl{\"a}chen in L{\"o}sungen in Gegenwart von K3/4[Fe(CN)6] zeigten, dass auch die immobilisierten Polymere I bis III responsives Temperaturverhalten zeigen. Bei Elektroden mit den immobilisierten Polymeren I und II ist der Temperaturverlauf der Parameterwerte diskontinuierlich - ab einem kritischen Punkt (37 °C f{\"u}r Polymer I und 45 °C f{\"u}r Polymer II) wird zun{\"a}chst langsame Zunahme der Peakstr{\"o}me wird deutlich schneller. Das Temperaturverhalten von Polymer III ist dagegen bis 50 °C kontinuierlich, der Peakstrom sinkt hier durchgehend. Weiterhin wurde mit den auf Polymeren II und III basierten Elektroden deren Anwendung als responsive Matrix f{\"u}r Bioerkennungsreaktionen untersucht. Es wurde die Ankopplung von kleinen Biorezeptoren, TAG-Peptiden, an Polymer II- und Polymer III-modifizierten Elektroden durchgef{\"u}hrt. Das hydrophile FLAG-TAG-Peptid ver{\"a}ndert das Temperaturverhalten des Polymer II-Films unwesentlich, da es die Hydrophilie des Netzwerkes nicht beeinflusst. Weiterhin wurde der Effekt der Ankopplung der ANTI-FLAG-TAG-Antik{\"o}rper an FLAG-TAG-modifizierte Polymer II-Filme untersucht. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass die Antik{\"o}rper spezifisch an FLAG-TAG-modifiziertes Polymer II binden. Es wurde keine unspezifische Anbindung von ANTI-FLAG-TAG an Polymer II beobachtet. Die Temperaturexperimente haben gezeigt, dass die thermische Restrukturierung des Polymer II-FLAG-TAG-Filmes auch nach der Antik{\"o}rper-Ankopplung noch stattfindet. Der Einfluss der ANTI-FLAG-TAG-Ankopplung ist gering, da der Unterschied in der Hydrophilie zwischen Polymer II und FLAG-TAG bzw. ANTI-FLAG-TAG zu gering ist. F{\"u}r die Untersuchungen mit Polymer III-Elektroden wurde neben dem hydrophilen FLAG-TAG-Peptid das deutlich hydrophobere HA-TAG-Peptid ausgew{\"a}hlt. Wie im Falle der Polymer II Elektrode beeinflusst das gekoppelte FLAG-TAG-Peptid das Temperaturverhalten des Polymer III-Netzwerkes nur geringf{\"u}gig. Die gemessenen Stromwerte sind geringer als bei der Polymer III-Elektrode. Das Temperaturverhalten der FLAG-TAG-Elektrode {\"a}hnelt dem der reinen Polymer III-Elektrode - die Stromwerte sinken kontinuierlich bis die Temperatur von ca. 40 °C erreicht ist, bei der ein Plateau beobachtet wird. Offensichtlich ver{\"a}ndert FLAG-TAG auch in diesem Fall nicht wesentlich die Hydrophilie des Polymer III-Netzwerkes. Das an Polymer III-Elektroden gekoppelte hydrophobe HA-TAG-Peptid beeinflusst dagegen im starken Maße den Quellzustand des Netzwerkes. Die Str{\"o}me f{\"u}r die HA-TAG-Elektroden sind deutlich geringer als die f{\"u}r die FLAG-TAG-Polymer III-Elektroden, was auf geringeren Wassergehalt und dickeren Film zur{\"u}ckzuf{\"u}hren ist. Bereits ab 30 °C erfolgt der Anstieg von Stromwerten, der bei Polymer III- bzw. bei Polymer III-FLAG-TAG-Elektroden nicht beobachtet werden kann. Das gekoppelte hydrophobe HA-TAG-Peptid verdr{\"a}ngt Wasser aus dem Polymer III-Netzwerk, was in der Stauchung des Films bereits bei Raumtemperatur resultiert. Dies f{\"u}hrt dazu, dass der Film im Laufe des Temperaturanstieges kaum noch komprimiert. Die Stromwerte steigen in diesem Fall entsprechend des Anstiegs der temperaturabh{\"a}ngigen Diffusion des Redoxpaares. Diese Untersuchungen zeigen, dass das HA-TAG-Peptid als Ankermolek{\"u}l deutlich besser f{\"u}r eine potentielle Verwendung der Polymer III-Filme f{\"u}r sensorische Zwecke geeignet ist, da es sich deutlich in der Hydrophilie von Polymer III unterscheidet.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Samaras2016,
  author    = {Samaras, Stefanos},
  title     = {Microphysical retrieval of non-spherical aerosol particles using regularized inversion of multi-wavelength lidar data},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-396528},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xiv, 190},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Numerous reports of relatively rapid climate changes over the past century make a clear case of the impact of aerosols and clouds, identified as sources of largest uncertainty in climate projections. Earth's radiation balance is altered by aerosols depending on their size, morphology and chemical composition. Competing effects in the atmosphere can be further studied by investigating the evolution of aerosol microphysical properties, which are the focus of the present work. The aerosol size distribution, the refractive index, and the single scattering albedo are commonly used such properties linked to aerosol type, and radiative forcing. Highly advanced lidars (light detection and ranging) have reduced aerosol monitoring and optical profiling into a routine process. Lidar data have been widely used to retrieve the size distribution through the inversion of the so-called Lorenz-Mie model (LMM). This model offers a reasonable treatment for spherically approximated particles, it no longer provides, though, a viable description for other naturally occurring arbitrarily shaped particles, such as dust particles. On the other hand, non-spherical geometries as simple as spheroids reproduce certain optical properties with enhanced accuracy. Motivated by this, we adapt the LMM to accommodate the spheroid-particle approximation introducing the notion of a two-dimensional (2D) shape-size distribution. Inverting only a few optical data points to retrieve the shape-size distribution is classified as a non-linear ill-posed problem. A brief mathematical analysis is presented which reveals the inherent tendency towards highly oscillatory solutions, explores the available options for a generalized solution through regularization methods and quantifies the ill-posedness. The latter will improve our understanding on the main cause fomenting instability in the produced solution spaces. The new approach facilitates the exploitation of additional lidar data points from depolarization measurements, associated with particle non-sphericity. However, the generalization of LMM vastly increases the complexity of the problem. The underlying theory for the calculation of the involved optical cross sections (T-matrix theory) is computationally so costly, that would limit a retrieval analysis to an unpractical point. Moreover the discretization of the model equation by a 2D collocation method, proposed in this work, involves double integrations which are further time consuming. We overcome these difficulties by using precalculated databases and a sophisticated retrieval software (SphInX: Spheroidal Inversion eXperiments) especially developed for our purposes, capable of performing multiple-dataset inversions and producing a wide range of microphysical retrieval outputs. Hybrid regularization in conjunction with minimization processes is used as a basis for our algorithms. Synthetic data retrievals are performed simulating various atmospheric scenarios in order to test the efficiency of different regularization methods. The gap in contemporary literature in providing full sets of uncertainties in a wide variety of numerical instances is of major concern here. For this, the most appropriate methods are identified through a thorough analysis on an overall-behavior basis regarding accuracy and stability. The general trend of the initial size distributions is captured in our numerical experiments and the reconstruction quality depends on data error level. Moreover, the need for more or less depolarization points is explored for the first time from the point of view of the microphysical retrieval. Finally, our approach is tested in various measurement cases giving further insight for future algorithm improvements.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Hajasch2016,
  author    = {Hajasch, Lydia},
  title     = {M{\"o}glichkeiten der Mittelstandsf{\"o}rderung durch Vergaberechtsgestaltung und Vergaberechtspraxis},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-395946},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {XXIII, 311},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Die F{\"o}rderungsw{\"u}rdigkeit und die F{\"o}rderungsf{\"a}higkeit mittelst{\"a}ndischer Unternehmen ist ein gesamteurop{\"a}isches, wirtschaftspolitisches Anliegen. Hiervon zeugen zum einen zahlreiche Regelungen im Prim{\"a}r-, Sekund{\"a}r-, Verfassungs- und einfachgesetzlichem Recht, zum anderen auch die Bedeutung der mittelst{\"a}ndischen Unternehmen im wirtschaftlichen, gesellschaftlichen und sozialen Gef{\"u}ge. So herrscht innerhalb der Europ{\"a}ischen Union nicht nur der Slogan „Vorfahrt f{\"u}r KMU", sondern auch die im Fr{\"u}hjahr 2014 verabschiedeten Vergaberichtlinien legten ein besonderes Augenmerk auf die F{\"o}rderung des Zugangs der KMU zum {\"o}ffentlichen Beschaffungsmarkt. Denn gemessen am Steuerungs- und Lenkungspotenzial der Auftragsvergabe, deren Einfluss auf die Innovationst{\"a}tigkeit der Wirtschaft sowie deren Auswirkungen auf die Wirtschafts- und Wettbewerbst{\"a}tigkeit auf der einen Seite und dem gesamtwirtschaftlichen Stellenwert der mittelst{\"a}ndischen Unternehmen auf der anderen Seite, sind mittelst{\"a}ndische Unternehmen trotz zahlreicher europ{\"a}ischer und nationaler Initiativen im Vergabeverfahren unterrepr{\"a}sentiert. Neben der undurchsichtigen Regelungsstruktur des deutschen Vergaberechts, unterliegen die mittelst{\"a}ndischen Unternehmen vom Beginn bis zum Ende des Vergabeverfahrens besonderen Schwierigkeiten. Dieser Ausgangsbefund wurde zum Anlass genommen, um die M{\"o}glichkeiten der Mittelstandsf{\"o}rderung durch Vergaberechtsgestaltung und Vergaberechtspraxis erneut auf den Pr{\"u}fstand zu stellen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Tamasi2016,
  author    = {Tamasi, Katalin},
  title     = {Measuring children's sensitivity to phonological detail using eye tracking and pupillometry},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-395954},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xiv, 165},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Infants' lexical processing is modulated by featural manipulations made to words, suggesting that early lexical representations are sufficiently specified to establish a match with the corresponding label. However, the precise degree of detail in early words requires further investigation due to equivocal findings. We studied this question by assessing children's sensitivity to the degree of featural manipulation (Chapters 2 and 3), and sensitivity to the featural makeup of homorganic and heterorganic consonant clusters (Chapter 4). Gradient sensitivity on the one hand and sensitivity to homorganicity on the other hand would suggest that lexical processing makes use of sub-phonemic information, which in turn would indicate that early words contain sub-phonemic detail. The studies presented in this thesis assess children's sensitivity to sub-phonemic detail using minimally demanding online paradigms suitable for infants: single-picture pupillometry and intermodal preferential looking. Such paradigms have the potential to uncover lexical knowledge that may be masked otherwise due to cognitive limitations. The study reported in Chapter 2 obtained a differential response in pupil dilation to the degree of featural manipulation, a result consistent with gradient sensitivity. The study reported in Chapter 3 obtained a differential response in proportion of looking time and pupil dilation to the degree of featural manipulation, a result again consistent with gradient sensitivity. The study reported in Chapter 4 obtained a differential response to the manipulation of homorganic and heterorganic consonant clusters, a result consistent with sensitivity to homorganicity. These results suggest that infants' lexical representations are not only specific, but also detailed to the extent that they contain sub-phonemic information.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Ittner2016,
  author    = {Ittner, Helmut},
  title     = {Das Widerspenstige b{\"a}ndigen},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-395066},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {365},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Dem Handeln von Lehrkr{\"a}ften wird in der schulischen Praxis wie in der wissenschaftlichen Literatur ein wesentlicher Einfluss auf die Qualit{\"a}t von schulischem Unterricht zugesprochen. Auch wenn umfangreiche normative Vorstellungen {\"u}ber ein gutes Lehr-Handeln bestehen, so gibt es wenig Erkenntnis dar{\"u}ber, welche Gr{\"u}nde Lehrkr{\"a}fte f{\"u}r ihr p{\"a}dagogisches Handeln haben. Das Handeln von Lehrkr{\"a}ften kann nur dann ad{\"a}quat erfasst werden, wenn Bildung einerseits als Weitergabe von Kultur an die nachfolgende Generation und andererseits als eine vom sich bildenden Subjekt ausgehende Selbst- und Weltverst{\"a}ndigung verstanden wird. Damit einhergehende Anforderungen an die Lehrkraft stehen notwendigerweise in Widerspruch zueinander; dies gilt besonders f{\"u}r eine Gesellschaft mit großer kultureller und sozialer Heterogenit{\"a}t. Bei der Suche nach Zusammenh{\"a}ngen zwischen Pers{\"o}nlichkeit, p{\"a}dagogischem Wissen oder Kompetenzen und einem unterrichtlichen Handeln wird h{\"a}ufig von einer Bedingtheit dieses Handelns ausgegangen und dieses auf kognitive Aspekte und an externen Normen orientierte Merkmale verk{\"u}rzt. Ertragreicher f{\"u}r eine Antwort auf die Frage nach den Begr{\"u}ndungen sind wissenschaftliche Arbeiten, die Professionalit{\"a}t als eine Bezugnahme auf einen besonderen strukturellen Rahmen beschreiben, der durch Widerspr{\"u}che gepr{\"a}gt ist und Entscheidungen zu den Spannungsfeldern p{\"a}dagogischer Verh{\"a}ltnisse erfordert. Die subjektwissenschaftliche Lerntheorie bietet eine Basis f{\"u}r ein Verst{\"a}ndnis eines Lernens in institutionellen Kontexten ausgehend von den Lerninteressen der Sch{\"u}lerinnen und Sch{\"u}ler. Lehren kann darauf bezugnehmend als Unterst{\"u}tzung von Selbst- und Weltverst{\"a}ndigungsprozessen durch Wertsch{\"a}tzung, Verstehen und Angebote alternativer Bedeutungshorizonte verstanden werden. Das Handeln von Lehrkr{\"a}ften ist als sinngebende Bezugnahme auf daraus resultierende sowie institutionelle Anforderungen mittels gesellschaftlicher Bedeutungsstrukturen verstehbar. Das handelnde Subjekt erschließt sich selbst und die Welt mit Hilfe von Bedeutungen. Diese k{\"o}nnen verstanden werden als der Besonderheit der Biographie, der gesellschaftlichen Position sowie der Lebenslage geschuldete Reinterpretationen gesellschaftlicher Bedeutungsstrukturen. Im empirischen Verfahren k{\"o}nnen mittels eines {\"U}bergangs von sequentiellen zu komparativen Analysen Positionierungen als thematisch spezifische und {\"u}ber die konkrete Handlungssituation hinausreichende Bedeutungs-Begr{\"u}ndungs-Zusammenh{\"a}nge rekonstruiert werden. Daraus werden situationsunabh{\"a}ngige Strukturmomente des Gegenstands Lehren an beruflichen Schulen aber auch komplexe, situationsbezogene subjektive Bedeutungs-Begr{\"u}ndungs-Muster abgeleitet. Als wesentliche strukturelle Merkmale lassen sich die Schl{\"u}sselkategorien ‚Deutungsmacht' und ‚instrumentelle p{\"a}dagogische Beziehung' aus dem empirischen Material unter Zuhilfenahme weiterer theoretischer Folien entwickeln. Da Deutungsmacht auf Akzeptanz angewiesen ist und in instrumentellen Beziehungen eine kooperative Bezugnahme auf den Lehr-Lern-Gegenstand allenfalls punktuell erfolgt, k{\"o}nnen damit asymmetrische metastabile Arrangements zwischen einer Lehrkraft und Sch{\"u}lerinnen und Sch{\"u}lern verstanden werden. Als empirische Auspr{\"a}gungen weist Deutungsmacht die Varianten ‚absoluter Anspruch', ‚Akzeptanz der Fragilit{\"a}t' und ‚Akzeptanz der Legitimit{\"a}t eines Infragestellens' auf. Bei der zweiten Schl{\"u}sselkategorie treten die Varianten ‚strukturelle Pr{\"a}gung', ‚unspezifischer allgemein-menschlicher Charakter' und ‚Außenpr{\"a}gung' der instrumentellen p{\"a}dagogischen Beziehung auf. Die Bedeutungs-Begr{\"u}ndungs-Musters weisen teilweise Inkonsistenzen und {\"U}berg{\"a}nge in den Positionierungen bezogen auf die dargestellten Varianten auf. Nur bei einem Teil der Muster sind Bem{\"u}hungen um Wertsch{\"a}tzung und Verstehen der Sch{\"u}lerinnen und Sch{\"u}ler plausibel ableitbar, gleiches gilt in Hinblick auf eine Offenheit f{\"u}r eine Revision der Muster. Die Muster, wie etwa ‚Durchsetzend-ertragendes Nachsteuern', ‚Direktiv-personalisierendes Praktizieren' oder ‚Regulierend-flexibles Managen' sind zu verstehen als Bew{\"a}ltigungsmodi der kontingenten p{\"a}dagogischen (Konflikt-)Situationen, auf die sich die Fallschilderungen beziehen. Die jeweilige Lehrkraft hat dieses Muster in dem beschriebenen Fall genutzt, was allerdings keine Aussage dar{\"u}ber zul{\"a}sst, auf welche Muster die Lehrkraft in anderen F{\"a}llen zugreifen w{\"u}rde. Die Ergebnisse der vorliegenden Arbeit eignen sich als eine heuristische bzw. theoretische Folie, die Lehrkr{\"a}fte beim Erschließen ihres eigenen p{\"a}dagogischen Handelns - etwa in einer als Fallberatung konzipierten Fortbildung - unterst{\"u}tzen kann. M{\"o}glich sind Anschl{\"u}sse an andere theoretische Ans{\"a}tze zum Handeln von Lehrkr{\"a}ften aber auch deren ver{\"a}nderte Einordnung. Erweitert werden die Optionen, dieses Handeln {\"u}ber wissenschaftliche Zug{\"a}nge zu erfassen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Cajar2016,
  author    = {Cajar, Anke},
  title     = {Eye-movement control during scene viewing},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-395536},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {vii, 133},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Eye movements serve as a window into ongoing visual-cognitive processes and can thus be used to investigate how people perceive real-world scenes. A key issue for understanding eye-movement control during scene viewing is the roles of central and peripheral vision, which process information differently and are therefore specialized for different tasks (object identification and peripheral target selection respectively). Yet, rather little is known about the contributions of central and peripheral processing to gaze control and how they are coordinated within a fixation during scene viewing. Additionally, the factors determining fixation durations have long been neglected, as scene perception research has mainly been focused on the factors determining fixation locations. The present thesis aimed at increasing the knowledge on how central and peripheral vision contribute to spatial and, in particular, to temporal aspects of eye-movement control during scene viewing. In a series of five experiments, we varied processing difficulty in the central or the peripheral visual field by attenuating selective parts of the spatial-frequency spectrum within these regions. Furthermore, we developed a computational model on how foveal and peripheral processing might be coordinated for the control of fixation duration. The thesis provides three main findings. First, the experiments indicate that increasing processing demands in central or peripheral vision do not necessarily prolong fixation durations; instead, stimulus-independent timing is adapted when processing becomes too difficult. Second, peripheral vision seems to play a prominent role in the control of fixation durations, a notion also implemented in the computational model. The model assumes that foveal and peripheral processing proceed largely in parallel and independently during fixation, but can interact to modulate fixation duration. Thus, we propose that the variation in fixation durations can in part be accounted for by the interaction between central and peripheral processing. Third, the experiments indicate that saccadic behavior largely adapts to processing demands, with a bias of avoiding spatial-frequency filtered scene regions as saccade targets. We demonstrate that the observed saccade amplitude patterns reflect corresponding modulations of visual attention. The present work highlights the individual contributions and the interplay of central and peripheral vision for gaze control during scene viewing, particularly for the control of fixation duration. Our results entail new implications for computational models and for experimental research on scene perception.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Schroen2016,
  author    = {Schr{\"o}n, Martin},
  title     = {Cosmic-ray neutron sensing and its applications to soil and land surface hydrology},
  publisher = {Verlag Dr. Hut GmbH},
  address   = {M{\"u}nchen},
  isbn      = {978-3-8439-3139-7},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-395433},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {223},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Water scarcity, adaption on climate change, and risk assessment of droughts and floods are critical topics for science and society these days. Monitoring and modeling of the hydrological cycle are a prerequisite to understand and predict the consequences for weather and agriculture. As soil water storage plays a key role for partitioning of water fluxes between the atmosphere, biosphere, and lithosphere, measurement techniques are required to estimate soil moisture states from small to large scales. The method of cosmic-ray neutron sensing (CRNS) promises to close the gap between point-scale and remote-sensing observations, as its footprint was reported to be 30 ha. However, the methodology is rather young and requires highly interdisciplinary research to understand and interpret the response of neutrons to soil moisture. In this work, the signal of nine detectors has been systematically compared, and correction approaches have been revised to account for meteorological and geomagnetic variations. Neutron transport simulations have been consulted to precisely characterize the sensitive footprint area, which turned out to be 6--18 ha, highly local, and temporally dynamic. These results have been experimentally confirmed by the significant influence of water bodies and dry roads. Furthermore, mobile measurements on agricultural fields and across different land use types were able to accurately capture the various soil moisture states. It has been further demonstrated that the corresponding spatial and temporal neutron data can be beneficial for mesoscale hydrological modeling. Finally, first tests with a gyrocopter have proven the concept of airborne neutron sensing, where increased footprints are able to overcome local effects. This dissertation not only bridges the gap between scales of soil moisture measurements. It also establishes a close connection between the two worlds of observers and modelers, and further aims to combine the disciplines of particle physics, geophysics, and soil hydrology to thoroughly explore the potential and limits of the CRNS method.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{LazaridesRaufelder2016,
  author    = {Lazarides, Rebecca and Raufelder, Diana},
  title     = {Longitudinal Effects of Student-Perceived Classroom Support on Motivation},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-395695},
  pages     = {11},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {This two-wave longitudinal study examined how developmental changes in students' mastery goal orientation, academic effort, and intrinsic motivation were predicted by student-perceived support of motivational support (support for autonomy, competence, and relatedness) in secondary classrooms. The study extends previous knowledge that showed that support for motivational support in class is related to students' intrinsic motivation as it focused on the developmental changes of a set of different motivational variables and the relations of these changes to student-perceived motivational support in class. Thus, differential classroom effects on students' motivational development were investigated. A sample of 1088 German students was assessed in the beginning of the school year when students were in grade 8 (Mean age D 13.70, SD D 0.53, 54\% girls) and again at the end of the next school year when students were in grade 9. Results of latent change models showed a tendency toward decline in mastery goal orientation and a significant decrease in academic effort from grade 8 to 9. Intrinsic motivation did not decrease significantly across time. Student-perceived support of competence in class predicted the level and change in students' academic effort. The findings emphasized that it is beneficial to create classroom learning environments that enhance students' perceptions of competence in class when aiming to enhance students' academic effort in secondary school classrooms.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Persello2016,
  author    = {Persello, Mara},
  title     = {Subcultures creating culture},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-104891},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {300},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {The purpose of this work is to apply the methods of textual semiotics to subcultures, in particular to the little known glam subculture. Subcultures have been the main research field of the Birmingham Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies, known for its interdisciplinary approach, and for its focus on the creative aspects of subculture. Hebdige, in particular, introduced many semiotic elements in his work, as the aberrant decoding after Eco and the cultural creativity via bricolage after L{\´e}vi-Strauss. His definition of subculture as symbolic resistance has been criticized by the following post-subcultural researchers for its abstractness and lack of cohesion. Semiotics eventually have been expelled from the set of tools used in sociology for the analysis of subcultures. Nowadays, the studies on subcultures have a strong ethnographic focus. Due to terminological proliferation and a descriptive approach, it is difficult to compare them on a common basis. Textual semiotics, through the concept of semiosphere developed by Lotman, allows to go back to the intuitions of Hebdige, organizing the semiotic elements already present in his work into a wider system of interpretation. The semiosphere offers a coherent theoretical horizon as a basis for further analysis, and a new methodological perspective focusing on the cultural. In this thesis for the first time the work of Lotman is applied to the study of a subculture.},
  language  = {it}
}
@phdthesis{Markova2016,
  author    = {Markova, Mariya},
  title     = {Metabolic and molecular effects of two different isocaloric high protein diets in subjects with type 2 diabetes},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-394310},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {x, 127},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Ern{\"a}hrung stellt ein wichtiger Faktor in der Pr{\"a}vention und Therapie von Typ-2-Diabetes dar. Fr{\"u}here Studien haben gezeigt, dass Hochproteindi{\"a}ten sowohl positive als auch negative Effekte auf den Metabolismus hervorrufen. Jedoch ist unklar, ob die Herkunft des Proteins dabei eine Rolle spielt. In der LeguAN-Studie wurden die Effekte von zwei unterschiedlichen Hochproteindi{\"a}ten, entweder tierischer oder pflanzlicher Herkunft, bei Typ-2-Diabetes Patienten untersucht. Beide Di{\"a}ten enthielten 30 EN\% Proteine, 40 EN\% Kohlenhydrate und 30 EN\% Fette. Der Anteil an Ballaststoffen, der glyk{\"a}mischer Index und die Fettkomposition waren in beiden Di{\"a}ten {\"a}hnlich. Die Proteinaufnahme war h{\"o}her, w{\"a}hrend die Fettaufnahme niedriger im Vergleich zu den fr{\"u}heren Ern{\"a}hrungsgewohnheiten der Probanden war. Insgesamt f{\"u}hrten beide Di{\"a}tinterventionen zu einer Verbesserung der glyk{\"a}mischen Kontrolle, der Insulinsensitivit{\"a}t, des Leberfettgehalts und kardiovaskul{\"a}rer Risikomarkern ohne wesentliche Unterschiede zwischen den Proteintypen. In beiden Interventionsgruppen wurden die n{\"u}chternen Glukosewerte zusammen mit Indizes von Insulinresistenz in einem unterschiedlichen Ausmaß, jedoch ohne signifikante Unterschiede zwischen beiden Di{\"a}ten verbessert. Die Reduktion von HbA1c war ausgepr{\"a}gter in der pflanzlichen Gruppe, w{\"a}hrend sich die Insulinsensitivit{\"a}t mehr in der tierischen Gruppe erh{\"o}hte. Die Hochproteindi{\"a}ten hatten nur einen geringf{\"u}gigen Einfluss auf den postprandialen Metabolismus. Dies zeigte sich durch eine leichte Verbesserung der Indizes f{\"u}r Insulinsekretion, -sensitivit{\"a}t und -degradation sowie der Werte der freien Fetts{\"a}uren. Mit Ausnahme des Einflusses auf die GIP-Sekretion riefen die tierische und die pflanzliche Testmahlzeit {\"a}hnliche metabolische und hormonelle Antworten, trotz unterschiedlicher Aminos{\"a}urenzusammensetzung. Die tierische Hochproteindi{\"a}t f{\"u}hrte zu einer selektiven Zunahme der fettfreien Masse und Abnahme der Fettmasse, was nicht signifikant unterschiedlich von der pflanzlichen Gruppe war. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus reduzierten die Hochproteindi{\"a}ten den Leberfettgehalt um durchschnittlich 42\%. Die Reduktion des Leberfettgehaltes ging mit einer Verminderung der Lipogenese, der Lipolyse und des freien Fetts{\"a}ure Flux einher. Beide Interventionen induzierten einen moderaten Abfall von Leberenzymen im Blut. Die Reduktion des Leberfetts war mit einer verbesserten Glukosehom{\"o}ostase und Insulinsensitivit{\"a}t assoziiert. Blutlipide sanken in allen Probanden, was eventuell auf die niedrigere Fettaufnahme zur{\"u}ckzuf{\"u}hren war. Weiterhin waren die Spiegel an Harns{\"a}ure und Inflammationsmarkern erniedrigt unabh{\"a}ngig von der Proteinquelle. Die Werte des systolischen und diastolischen Blutdrucks sanken nur in der pflanzlichen Gruppe, was auf eine potentielle Rolle von Arginin hinweist. Es wurden keine Hinweise auf eine beeintr{\"a}chtigte Nierenfunktion durch die 6-w{\"o}chige Hochproteindi{\"a}ten beobachtet unabh{\"a}ngig von der Herkunft der Proteine. Serumkreatinin war nur in der pflanzlichen Gruppe signifikant reduziert, was eventuell an dem geringen Kreatingehalt der pflanzlichen Nahrungsmittel liegen k{\"o}nnte. Jedoch sind l{\"a}ngere Studien n{\"o}tig, um die Sicherheit von Hochproteindi{\"a}ten vollkommen aufkl{\"a}ren zu k{\"o}nnen. Des Weiteren verursachte keine der Di{\"a}ten eine Induktion des mTOR Signalwegs weder im Fettgewebe noch in Blutzellen. Die Verbesserung der Ganzk{\"o}rper-Insulinsensitivit{\"a}t deutete auch auf keine Aktivierung von mTOR und keine Verschlechterung der Insulinsensitivit{\"a}t im Skeletmuskel hin. Ein nennenswerter Befund war die erhebliche Reduktion von FGF21, einem wichtigen Regulator metabolischer Prozesse, um ungef{\"a}hr 50\% bei beiden Proteinarten. Ob hepatischer ER-Stress, Ammoniumniveau oder die Makron{\"a}hrstoffpr{\"a}ferenz hinter dem paradoxen Ergebnis stehen, sollte weiter im Detail untersucht werden. Entgegen der anf{\"a}nglichen Erwartung und der bisherigen Studienlage zeigte die pflanzlich-betonte Hochproteindi{\"a}t keine klaren Vorteile gegen{\"u}ber der tierischen Di{\"a}t. Der ausgepr{\"a}gte g{\"u}nstige Effekt des tierischen Proteins auf Insulinhom{\"o}ostase trotz des hohen BCAA-Gehaltes war sicherlich unerwartet und deutet darauf hin, dass bei dem l{\"a}ngeren Verzehr andere komplexe metabolische Adaptationen stattfinden. Einen weiteren Aspekt stellt der niedrigere Fettverzehr dar, der eventuell auch zu den Verbesserungen in beiden Gruppen beigetragen hat. Zusammenfassend l{\"a}sst sich sagen, dass eine 6-w{\"o}chige Di{\"a}t mit 30 EN\% Proteinen (entweder pflanzlich oder tierisch), 40 EN\% Kohlenhydraten und 30 EN\% Fetten mit weniger ges{\"a}ttigten Fetten zu metabolischen Verbesserungen bei Typ-2-Diabetes Patienten unabh{\"a}ngig von Proteinherkunft f{\"u}hrt.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Wack2016,
  type      = {Master Thesis},
  author    = {Wack, Christian},
  title     = {Acceptance criteria as part of the German energy turnaround},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-395173},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {88},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Die vorliegende Arbeit ist eine Fallstudie zum Netzausbauprojekt „Suedlink". Sie gliedert sich demnach in vier wesentliche Abschnitte: 1. In einem theoretischen Teil werden die f{\"u}r diese Arbeit wichtigen Theorien der „Sozialen Akzeptanz" nach W{\"u}stenhagen et al. (2007), der „Schritte der Partizipation" nach M{\"u}nnich (2014) und der Governance-Theorie nach Benz und Dose (2011) erl{\"a}utert. 2. In einem methodischen Teil werden die f{\"u}r diese Arbeit relevanten Methoden diskutiert und kritisch erl{\"a}utert. 3. In einem qualitativ-empirischen Teil werden die Informationen der Experteninterviews ausgewertet und anhand der vorgestellten Theorien eingeordnet. In dem vierten und letzten Teil der Arbeit wird eine empirisch-quantitative Analyse der gesellschaftlichen Akzeptanz gegen{\"u}ber S{\"u}dlink vorgenommen. In dieser Arbeit soll mithilfe qualitativer und quantitativer Methoden zwei Fragen gekl{\"a}rt werden. 1. Welche Governance-Aspekte waren f{\"u}r eine gesetzliche Priorit{\"a}t von Erdkabeln im Ausbau von Hochspannungs{\"u}bertragungsgleichstromleitungen entscheidend? Hierf{\"u}r wurden intensive Dokumentenanalysen und verschiedene Experteninterviews durchgef{\"u}hrt. 2. Die zentrale Fragestellung dieser Arbeit besch{\"a}ftigt sich mit der Frage, inwiefern lokale und individuelle Faktoren die Akzeptanz von Suedlink beeinflussen. Hierbei ist interessant zu sehen, welchen Einfluss der gesetzliche Erdkabelvorrang bei der Akzeptanzbildung der Bev{\"o}lkerung gegen{\"u}ber Suedlink gespielt hat. F{\"u}r die Beantwortung wurde ein Online-survey konzipiert, welcher zwischen M{\"a}rz und Juli 2016 {\"u}ber B{\"u}rgerinitiativen, Landr{\"a}te und soziale Netzwerke verteilt wurde. Nach Abschluss der Datenerhebung wurden dieser unter Verwendung deskriptiv-quantitativer Methoden ausgewertet. Die Auswertung der Umfrage zeigt auf, das Erdkabel alleine keine nennenswerte Akzeptanz schaffen (vgl. dazu Menges und Beyer, 2013). Vielmehr stehen individuell und lokale Faktoren und Kriterien im Vordergrund der Beurteilung. Zum Beispiel spielt die Qualit{\"a}t der Partizipation und Einbindung der B{\"u}rger sowie die N{\"a}he zur Erdverkabelung und die finanzielle Mehrbelastung eine Rolle bei der Beurteilung von Erdkabeln. Zudem wird deutlich, das Befragte aus B{\"u}rgerinitiativen wesentlich kritischer gegen Suedlink allgemein und gegen{\"u}ber Erdkabeln im speziellen sind. Ferner ist signifikant, dass Eigenheimbesitzer jegliche Bauform ablehnen.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Frahnow2016,
  author    = {Frahnow, Turid},
  title     = {Bioinformatische Analyse der NUGAT-Studie (NUtriGenomic Analysis in Twins)},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-394902},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {XI, 91, xxvi},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Durch die Zunahme metabolischer Stoffwechselst{\"o}rungen und Erkrankungen in der Weltbev{\"o}lkerung wird in der Medizin und den Lebenswissenschaften vermehrt nach Pr{\"a}ventionsstrategien und Ansatzpunkten gesucht, die die Gesundheit f{\"o}rdern, Erkrankungen verhindern helfen und damit auch die Gesamtlast auf die Gesundheitssysteme erleichtern. Ein Ansatzpunkt wird dabei in der Ern{\"a}hrung gesehen, da insbesondere der Konsum von ges{\"a}ttigten Fetten die Gesundheit nachtr{\"a}glich zu beeinflussen scheint. Dabei wird {\"u}bersehen, dass in vielen Studien Hochfettdi{\"a}ten nicht ausreichend von den Einfl{\"u}ssen einer zum Bedarf hyperkalorischen Energiezufuhr getrennt werden, sodass die Datenlage zu dem Einfluss von (ges{\"a}ttigten) Fetten auf den Metabolismus bei gleichbleibender Energieaufnahme noch immer unzureichend ist. In der NUtriGenomic Analysis in Twins-Studie wurden 46 Zwillingspaare (34 monozygot, 12 dizygot) {\"u}ber einen Zeitraum von sechs Wochen mittels einer kohlenhydratreichen, fettarmen Di{\"a}t nach Richtlinien der Deutschen Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Ern{\"a}hrung f{\"u}r ihr Ern{\"a}hrungsverhalten standardisiert, ehe sie zu einer kohlenhydratarmen, fettreichen Di{\"a}t, die insbesondere ges{\"a}ttigte Fette enthielt, f{\"u}r weitere sechs Wochen wechselten. Beide Di{\"a}ten waren dem individuellen Energiebedarf der Probanden angepasst, um so sowohl akut nach einerWoche als auch l{\"a}ngerfristig nach sechs Wochen {\"A}nderungen des Metabolismus beobachten zu k{\"o}nnen, die sich in der vermehrten Aufnahme von (ges{\"a}ttigten) Fetten begr{\"u}ndeten. Die {\"u}ber die detaillierte Charakterisierung der Probanden an den klinischen Untersuchungstagen generierten Datens{\"a}tze wurden mit statistischen und mathematischen Methoden (z.B. lineare gemischte Modellierung) analysiert, die der Gr{\"o}ße der Datens{\"a}tze und damit ihrem Informationsvolumen angepasst waren. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass die metabolisch gesunden und relativ jungen Probanden, die eine gute Compliance zeigten, im Hinblick auf ihren Glukosestoffwechsel adaptieren konnten, indem die Akutantwort nach einer Woche im N{\"u}chterninsulin und dem Index f{\"u}r Insulinresistenz in den weiteren f{\"u}nf Wochen ausgeglichen wurde. Der Lipidstoffwechsel in Form der klassischen Marker wie Gesamtcholesterin, LDL und HDL war dagegen st{\"a}rker beeinflusst und auch nach insgesamt sechs Wochen deutlich erh{\"o}ht. Letzteres unterst{\"u}tzt die Beobachtung im Transkriptom des weißen, subkutanen Fettgewebes, bei der eine Aktivierung der {\"u}ber die Toll-like receptors und das Inflammasom vermittelten subklinischen Inflammation beobachtet werden konnte. Die auftretenden Ver{\"a}nderungen in Konzentration und Komposition des Plasmalipidoms zeigte ebenfalls nur eine teilweise und auf bestimmte Spezies begrenzte Gegenregulation. Diesbez{\"u}glich kann also geschlussfolgert werden, dass auch die isokalorische Aufnahme von (ges{\"a}ttigten) Fetten zu Ver{\"a}nderungen im Metabolismus f{\"u}hrt, wobei die Auswirkungen in weiteren (Langzeit-)Studien und Experimenten noch genauer untersucht werden m{\"u}ssen. Insbesondere w{\"a}re dabei ein l{\"a}ngerer Zeitraum unter isokalorischen Bedingungen von Interesse und die Untersuchung von Probanden mit metabolischer Vorbelastung (z.B. Insulinresistenz). Dar{\"u}ber hinaus konnte in NUGAT aber ebenfalls gezeigt werden, dass die Nutrigenetik und Nutrigenomik zwei nicht zu vernachl{\"a}ssigende Faktoren darstellen. So zeigten unter anderem die Konzentrationen einiger Lipidspezies eine starke Erblichkeit und Abh{\"a}ngigkeit der Di{\"a}t. Zudem legen die Ergebnisse nahe, dass laufende wie geplante Pr{\"a}ventionsstrategien und medizinische Behandlungen deutlich st{\"a}rker den Patienten als Individuum mit einbeziehen m{\"u}ssen, da die Datenanalyse interindividuelle Unterschiede identifizierte und Hinweise lieferte, dass einige Probanden die nachteiligen, metabolischen Auswirkungen einer Hochfettdi{\"a}t besser ausgleichen konnten als andere.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Cornelius2016,
  type      = {Master Thesis},
  author    = {Cornelius, Annekathrin},
  title     = {Der Fall der Rachel Dolezal},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-86956-388-6},
  issn      = {2363-8168},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-99399},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {121},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Die Amerikanerin Rachel Dolezal war bis ins Jahr 2015 als Afroamerikanerin bekannt. Als Aktivistin der National Association for the Advancement of Colored People setzte sie sich f{\"u}r die Rechte der afroamerikanischen Bev{\"o}lkerung ein, lebte in einem schwarzen Umfeld und lehrte an einer Universit{\"a}t Afroamerikanische Studien. „I identify as black" antwortete sie auf die Frage eines amerikanischen Fernsehmoderators, ob sie Afroamerikanerin sei. Ihre Kollegen und ihr n{\"a}heres Umfeld identifizierten sie ebenfalls als solche. Erst, als regionale Journalisten auf sie aufmerksam wurden und ihre Eltern sich zu Wort meldeten, wurde deutlich, dass Dolezal eigentlich eine weiße Frau ist. Dolezals Eltern best{\"a}tigten dies, indem sie Kindheitsfotos einer hellh{\"a}utigen, blonden Rachel ver{\"o}ffentlichten. Dolezals Verhalten entfachte daraufhin eine rege mediale Diskussion {\"u}ber ihre Person im Kontext von Ethnizit{\"a}t und »Rasse«. Die Verfasserin greift Dolezals Fall exemplarisch auf, um der Frage nachzugehen, ob ein Doing Race nach Belieben m{\"o}glich ist. Darf sich Dolezal als schwarz identifizieren, obwohl sie keine afrikanischen Vorfahren hat? Welche gesellschaftliche Wissensvorr{\"a}te schr{\"a}nken diese Wahl ein und welche Konsequenzen ergeben sich daraus? Anhand einer Diskursanalyse amerikanischer Zeitungsartikel geht die Verfasserin diesen Fragen nach. Hierbei werden »Rasse« und Ethnizit{\"a}t als soziale Konstruktionen, basierend auf dem Konzept von Stephen Cornell und Douglas Hartmann, betrachtet.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{SchneiderWeigertLesnyaketal.2016,
  author    = {Schneider, Ralf and Weigert, Florian and Lesnyak, Vladimir and Leubner, Susanne and Lorenz, Tommy and Behnke, Thomas and Dubavik, Aliaksei and Joswig, Jan-Ole and Resch-Genger, Ute and Gaponik, Nikolai and Eychm{\"u}ller, Alexander},
  title     = {pH and concentration dependence of the optical properties of thiol-capped CdTe nanocrystals in water and D2O},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-395143},
  pages     = {10},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {The optical properties of semiconductor nanocrystals (SC NCs) are largely controlled by their size and surface chemistry, i.e., the chemical composition and thickness of inorganic passivation shells and the chemical nature and number of surface ligands as well as the strength of their bonds to surface atoms. The latter is particularly important for CdTe NCs, which - together with alloyed CdxHg1-xTe - are the only SC NCs that can be prepared in water in high quality without the need for an additional inorganic passivation shell. Aiming at a better understanding of the role of stabilizing ligands for the control of the application-relevant fluorescence features of SC NCs, we assessed the influence of two of the most commonly used monodentate thiol ligands, thioglycolic acid (TGA) and mercaptopropionic acid (MPA), on the colloidal stability, photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield (QY), and PL decay behavior of a set of CdTe NC colloids. As an indirect measure for the strength of the coordinative bond of the ligands to SC NC surface atoms, the influence of the pH (pD) and the concentration on the PL properties of these colloids was examined in water and D2O and compared to the results from previous dilution studies with a set of thiol-capped Cd1-xHgxTe SC NCs in D2O. As a prerequisite for these studies, the number of surface ligands was determined photometrically at different steps of purification after SC NC synthesis with Ellman's test. Our results demonstrate ligand control of the pH-dependent PL of these SC NCs, with MPA-stabilized CdTe NCs being less prone to luminescence quenching than TGA-capped ones. For both types of CdTe colloids, ligand desorption is more pronounced in H2O compared to D2O, underlining also the role of hydrogen bonding and solvent molecules.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Georgieva2016,
  author    = {Georgieva, Viktoria},
  title     = {Neotectonics \& Cooling History of the Southern Patagonian Andes},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-104185},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xviii, 200 Seiten},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {The collision of bathymetric anomalies, such as oceanic spreading centers, at convergent plate margins can profoundly affect subduction dynamics, magmatism, and the structural and geomorphic evolution of the overriding plate. The Southern Patagonian Andes of South America are a prime example for sustained oceanic ridge collision and the successive formation and widening of an extensive asthenospheric slab window since the Middle Miocene. Several of the predicted upper-plate geologic manifestations of such deep-seated geodynamic processes have been studied in this region, but many topics remain highly debated. One of the main controversial topics is the interpretation of the regional low-temperature thermochronology exhumational record and its relationship with tectonic and/or climate-driven processes, ultimately manifested and recorded in the landscape evolution of the Patagonian Andes. The prominent along-strike variance in the topographic characteristics of the Andes, combined with coupled trends in low-temperature thermochronometer cooling ages have been interpreted in very contrasting ways, considering either purely climatic (i.e. glacial erosion) or geodynamic (slab-window related) controlling factors. This thesis focuses on two main aspects of these controversial topics. First, based on field observations and bedrock low-temperature thermochronology data, the thesis addresses an existing research gap with respect to the neotectonic activity of the upper plate in response to ridge collision - a mechanism that has been shown to affect the upper plate topography and exhumational patterns in similar tectonic settings. Secondly, the qualitative interpretation of my new and existing thermochronological data from this region is extended by inverse thermal modelling to define thermal histories recorded in the data and evaluate the relative importance of surface vs. geodynamic factors and their possible relationship with the regional cooling record. My research is centered on the Northern Patagonian Icefield (NPI) region of the Southern Patagonian Andes. This site is located inboard of the present-day location of the Chile Triple Junction - the juncture between the colliding Chile Rise spreading center and the Nazca and Antarctic Plates along the South American convergent margin. As such this study area represents the region of most recent oceanic-ridge collision and associated slab window formation. Importantly, this location also coincides with the abrupt rise in summit elevations and relief characteristics in the Southern Patagonian Andes. Field observations, based on geological, structural and geomorphic mapping, are combined with bedrock apatite (U-Th)/He and apatite fission track (AHe and AFT) cooling ages sampled along elevation transects across the orogen. This new data reveals the existence of hitherto unrecognized neotectonic deformation along the flanks of the range capped by the NPI. This deformation is associated with the closely spaced oblique collision of successive oceanic-ridge segments in this region over the past 6 Ma. I interpret that this has caused a crustal-scale partitioning of deformation and the decoupling, margin-parallel migration, and localized uplift of a large crustal sliver (the NPI block) along the subduction margin. The location of this uplift coincides with a major increase of summit elevations and relief at the northern edge of the NPI massif. This mechanism is compatible with possible extensional processes along the topographically subdued trailing edge of the NPI block as documented by very recent and possibly still active normal faulting. Taken together, these findings suggest a major structural control on short-wavelength variations in topography in the Southern Patagonian Andes - the region affected by ridge collision and slab window formation. The second research topic addressed here focuses on using my new and existing bedrock low-temperature cooling ages in forward and inverse thermal modeling. The data was implemented in the HeFTy and QTQt modeling platforms to constrain the late Cenozoic thermal history of the Southern Patagonian Andes in the region of the most recent upper-plate sectors of ridge collision. The data set combines AHe and AFT data from three elevation transects in the region of the Northern Patagonian Icefield. Previous similar studies claimed far-reaching thermal effects of the approaching ridge collision and slab window to affect patterns of Late Miocene reheating in the modelled thermal histories. In contrast, my results show that the currently available data can be explained with a simpler thermal history than previously proposed. Accordingly, a reheating event is not needed to reproduce the observations. Instead, the analyzed ensemble of modelled thermal histories defines a Late Miocene protracted cooling and Pliocene-to-recent stepwise exhumation. These findings agree with the geological record of this region. Specifically, this record indicates an Early Miocene phase of active mountain building associated with surface uplift and an active fold-and-thrust belt, followed by a period of stagnating deformation, peneplanation, and lack of synorogenic deposition in the Patagonian foreland. The subsequent period of stepwise exhumation likely resulted from a combination of pulsed glacial erosion and coeval neotectonic activity. The differences between the present and previously published interpretation of the cooling record can be reconciled with important inconsistencies of previously used model setup. These include mainly the insufficient convergence of the models and improper assumptions regarding the geothermal conditions in the region. This analysis puts a methodological emphasis on the prime importance of the model setup and the need for its thorough examination to evaluate the robustness of the final outcome.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{NiskanenKooserKoskeloetal.2016,
  author    = {Niskanen, Johannes and Kooser, Kuno and Koskelo, Jaakko and K{\"a}{\"a}mbre, Tanel and Kunnus, Kristjan and Pietzsch, Annette and Quevedo, Wilson and Hakala, Mikko and F{\"o}hlisch, Alexander and Huotari, Simo and Kukk, Edwin},
  title     = {Density functional simulation of resonant inelastic X-ray scattering experiments in liquids: acetonitrile},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-395133},
  pages     = {7},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {In this paper we report an experimental and computational study of liquid acetonitrile (H3C-C[triple bond, length as m-dash]N) by resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) at the N K-edge. The experimental spectra exhibit clear signatures of the electronic structure of the valence states at the N site and incident-beam-polarization dependence is observed as well. Moreover, we find fine structure in the quasielastic line that is assigned to finite scattering duration and nuclear relaxation. We present a simple and light-to-evaluate model for the RIXS maps and analyze the experimental data using this model combined with ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. In addition to polarization-dependence and scattering-duration effects, we pinpoint the effects of different types of chemical bonding to the RIXS spectrum and conclude that the H2C-C[double bond, length as m-dash]NH isomer, suggested in the literature, does not exist in detectable quantities. We study solution effects on the scattering spectra with simulations in liquid and in vacuum. The presented model for RIXS proved to be light enough to allow phase-space-sampling and still accurate enough for identification of transition lines in physical chemistry research by RIXS.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{SchuermannBald2016,
  author    = {Sch{\"u}rmann, Robin Mathis and Bald, Ilko},
  title     = {Real-time monitoring of plasmon induced dissociative electron transfer to the potential DNA radiosensitizer 8-bromoadenine},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-395113},
  pages     = {5},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {The excitation of localized surface plasmons in noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) results in different nanoscale effects such as electric field enhancement, the generation of hot electrons and a temperature increase close to the NP surface. These effects are typically exploited in diverse fields such as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), NP catalysis and photothermal therapy (PTT). Halogenated nucleobases are applied as radiosensitizers in conventional radiation cancer therapy due to their high reactivity towards secondary electrons. Here, we use SERS to study the transformation of 8-bromoadenine (8BrA) into adenine on the surface of Au and AgNPs upon irradiation with a low-power continuous wave laser at 532, 633 and 785 nm, respectively. The dissociation of 8BrA is ascribed to a hot-electron transfer reaction and the underlying kinetics are carefully explored. The reaction proceeds within seconds or even milliseconds. Similar dissociation reactions might also occur with other electrophilic molecules, which must be considered in the interpretation of respective SERS spectra. Furthermore, we suggest that hot-electron transfer induced dissociation of radiosensitizers such as 8BrA can be applied in the future in PTT to enhance the damage of tumor tissue upon irradiation.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{BehrendtSchlaad2016,
  author    = {Behrendt, Felix Nicolas and Schlaad, Helmut},
  title     = {Metathesis polymerization of cystine-based macrocycles},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-395080},
  pages     = {4},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Macrocycles based on L-cystine were synthesized by ring-closing metathesis (RCM) and subsequently polymerized by entropy-driven ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ED-ROMP). Monomer conversion reached ∼80\% in equilibrium and the produced poly(ester-amine-disulfide-alkene)s exhibited apparent molar masses (Mappw) of up to 80 kDa and dispersities (Đ) of ∼2. The polymers can be further functionalized with acid anhydrides and degraded by reductive cleavage of the main-chain disulfide.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Synodinos2016,
  author    = {Synodinos, Alexios D.},
  title     = {Savanna dynamics under extreme conditions},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-395000},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {x, 168},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Savannas cover a broad geographical range across continents and are a biome best described by a mix of herbaceous and woody plants. The former create a more or less continuous layer while the latter should be sparse enough to leave an open canopy. What has long intrigued ecologists is how these two competing plant life forms of vegetation coexist. Initially attributed to resource competition, coexistence was considered the stable outcome of a root niche differentiation between trees and grasses. The importance of environmental factors became evident later, when data from moister environments demonstrated that tree cover was often lower than what the rainfall conditions would allow for. Our current understanding relies on the interaction of competition and disturbances in space and time. Hence, the influence of grazing and fire and the corresponding feedbacks they generate have been keenly investigated. Grazing removes grass cover, initiating a self-reinforcing process propagating tree cover expansion. This is known as the encroachment phenomenon. Fire, on the other hand, imposes a bottleneck on the tree population by halting the recruitment of young trees into adulthood. Since grasses fuel fires, a feedback linking grazing, grass cover, fire, and tree cover is created. In African savannas, which are the focus of this dissertation, these feedbacks play a major role in the dynamics. The importance of these feedbacks came into sharp focus when the notion of alternative states began to be applied to savannas. Alternative states in ecology arise when different states of an ecosystem can occur under the same conditions. According to this an open savanna and a tree-dominated savanna can be classified as alternative states, since they can both occur under the same climatic conditions. The aforementioned feedbacks are critical in the creation of alternative states. The grass-fire feedback can preserve an open canopy as long as fire intensity and frequency remain above a certain threshold. Conversely, crossing a grazing threshold can force an open savanna to shift to a tree-dominated state. Critically, transitions between such alternative states can produce hysteresis, where a return to pre-transition conditions will not suffice to restore the ecosystem to its original state. In the chapters that follow, I will cover aspects relating to the coexistence mechanisms and the role of feedbacks in tree-grass interactions. Coming back to the coexistence question, due to the overwhelming focus on competition and disturbance another important ecological process was neglected: facilitation. Therefore, in the first study within this dissertation I examine how facilitation can expand the tree-grass coexistence range into drier conditions. For the second study I focus on another aspect of savanna dynamics which remains underrepresented in the literature: the impacts of inter-annual rainfall variability upon savanna trees and the resilience of the savanna state. In the third and final study within this dissertation I approach the well-researched encroachment phenomenon from a new perspective: I search for an early warning indicator of the process to be used as a prevention tool for savanna conservation. In order to perform all this work I developed a mathematical ecohydrological model of Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) with three variables: soil moisture content, grass cover and tree cover. Facilitation: Results showed that the removal of grass cover through grazing was detrimental to trees under arid conditions, contrary to expectation based on resource competition. The reason was that grasses preserved moisture in the soil through infiltration and shading, thus ameliorating the harsh conditions for trees in accordance with the Stress Gradient Hypothesis. The exclusion of grasses from the model further demonstrated this: tree cover was lower in the absence of grasses, indicating that the benefits of grass facilitation outweighed the costs of grass competition for trees. Thus, facilitation expanded the climatic range where savannas persisted into drier conditions. Rainfall variability: By adjusting the model to current rainfall patterns in East Africa, I simulated conditions of increasing inter-annual rainfall variability for two distinct mean rainfall scenarios: semi-arid and mesic. Alternative states of tree-less grassland and tree-dominated savanna emerged in both cases. Increasing variability reduced semi-arid savanna tree cover to the point that at high variability the savanna state was eliminated, because variability intensified resource competition and strengthened the fire disturbance during high rainfall years. Mesic savannas, on the other hand, became more resilient along the variability gradient: increasing rainfall variability created more opportunities for the rapid growth of trees to overcome the fire disturbance, boosting the chances of savannas persisting and thus increasing mesic savanna resilience. Preventing encroachment: The breakdown in the grass-fire feedback caused by heavy grazing promoted the expansion of woody cover. This could be irreversible due to the presence of alternative states of encroached and open savanna, which I found along a simulated grazing gradient. When I simulated different short term heavy grazing treatments followed by a reduction to the original grazing conditions, certain cases converged to the encroached state. Utilising woody cover changes only during the heavy grazing treatment, I developed an early warning indicator which identified these cases with a high risk of such hysteresis and successfully distinguished them from those with a low risk. Furthermore, after validating the indicator on encroachment data, I demonstrated that it appeared early enough for encroachment to be prevented through realistic grazing-reduction treatments. Though this dissertation is rooted in the theory of savanna dynamics, its results can have significant applications in savanna conservation. Facilitation has only recently become a topic of interest within savanna literature. Given the threat of increasing droughts and a general anticipation of drier conditions in parts of Africa, insights stemming from this research may provide clues for preserving arid savannas. The impacts of rainfall variability on savannas have not yet been thoroughly studied, either. Conflicting results appear as a result of the lack of a robust theoretical understanding of plant interactions under variable conditions. . My work and other recent studies argue that such conditions may increase the importance of fast resource acquisition creating a 'temporal niche'. Woody encroachment has been extensively studied as phenomenon, though not from the perspective of its early identification and prevention. The development of an encroachment forecasting tool, as the one presented in this work, could protect both the savanna biome and societies dependent upon it for (economic) survival. All studies which follow are bound by the attempt to broaden the horizons of savanna-related research in order to deal with extreme conditions and phenomena; be it through the enhancement of the coexistence debate or the study of an imminent external threat or the development of a management-oriented tool for the conservation of savannas.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{HoogenboomSchlaad2016,
  author    = {Hoogenboom, Richard and Schlaad, Helmut},
  title     = {Thermoresponsive poly(2-oxazoline)s, polypeptoids, and polypeptides},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-395022},
  pages     = {17},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {This review covers the recent advances in the emerging field of thermoresponsive polyamides or polymeric amides, i.e., poly(2-oxazoline)s, polypeptoids, and polypeptides, with a specific focus on structure-thermoresponsive property relationships, self-assembly, and applications.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{QiuKruegerWilkeetal.2016,
  author    = {Qiu, Chen and Kr{\"u}ger, Yves and Wilke, Max and Marti, Dominik and Rička, Jaro and Frenz, Martin},
  title     = {Exploration of the phase diagram of liquid water in the low-temperature metastable region using synthetic fluid inclusions},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-394993},
  pages     = {15},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {We present new experimental data of the low-temperature metastable region of liquid water derived from high-density synthetic fluid inclusions (996-916 kg m-3) in quartz. Microthermometric measurements include: (i) prograde (upon heating) and retrograde (upon cooling) liquid-vapour homogenisation. We used single ultrashort laser pulses to stimulate vapour bubble nucleation in initially monophase liquid inclusions. Water densities were calculated based on prograde homogenisation temperatures using the IAPWS-95 formulation. We found retrograde liquid-vapour homogenisation temperatures in excellent agreement with IAPWS-95. (ii) Retrograde ice nucleation. Raman spectroscopy was used to determine the nucleation of ice in the absence of the vapour bubble. Our ice nucleation data in the doubly metastable region are inconsistent with the low-temperature trend of the spinodal predicted by IAPWS-95, as liquid water with a density of 921 kg m-3 remains in a homogeneous state during cooling down to a temperature of -30.5 °C, where it is transformed into ice whose density corresponds to zero pressure. (iii) Ice melting. Ice melting temperatures of up to 6.8 °C were measured in the absence of the vapour bubble, i.e. in the negative pressure region. (iv) Spontaneous retrograde and, for the first time, prograde vapour bubble nucleation. Prograde bubble nucleation occurred upon heating at temperatures above ice melting. The occurrence of prograde and retrograde vapour bubble nucleation in the same inclusions indicates a maximum of the bubble nucleation curve in the ϱ-T plane at around 40 °C. The new experimental data represent valuable benchmarks to evaluate and further improve theoretical models describing the p-V-T properties of metastable water in the low-temperature region.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{YangGuehrVecchioneetal.2016,
  author    = {Yang, Jie and Guehr, Markus and Vecchione, Theodore and Robinson, Matthew Scott and Li, Renkai and Hartmann, Nick and Shen, Xiaozhe and Coffee, Ryan and Corbett, Jeff and Fry, Alan and Gaffney, Kelly and Gorkhover, Tais and Hast, Carsten and Jobe, Keith and Makasyuk, Igor and Reid, Alexander and Robinson, Joseph and Vetter, Sharon and Wang, Fenglin and Weathersby, Stephen and Yoneda, Charles and Wang, Xijie and Centurion, Martin},
  title     = {Femtosecond gas phase electron diffraction with MeV electrons},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-394989},
  pages     = {19},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {We present results on ultrafast gas electron diffraction (UGED) experiments with femtosecond resolution using the MeV electron gun at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. UGED is a promising method to investigate molecular dynamics in the gas phase because electron pulses can probe the structure with a high spatial resolution. Until recently, however, it was not possible for UGED to reach the relevant timescale for the motion of the nuclei during a molecular reaction. Using MeV electron pulses has allowed us to overcome the main challenges in reaching femtosecond resolution, namely delivering short electron pulses on a gas target, overcoming the effect of velocity mismatch between pump laser pulses and the probe electron pulses, and maintaining a low timing jitter. At electron kinetic energies above 3 MeV, the velocity mismatch between laser and electron pulses becomes negligible. The relativistic electrons are also less susceptible to temporal broadening due to the Coulomb force. One of the challenges of diffraction with relativistic electrons is that the small de Broglie wavelength results in very small diffraction angles. In this paper we describe the new setup and its characterization, including capturing static diffraction patterns of molecules in the gas phase, finding time-zero with sub-picosecond accuracy and first time-resolved diffraction experiments. The new device can achieve a temporal resolution of 100 fs root-mean-square, and sub-angstrom spatial resolution. The collimation of the beam is sufficient to measure the diffraction pattern, and the transverse coherence is on the order of 2 nm. Currently, the temporal resolution is limited both by the pulse duration of the electron pulse on target and by the timing jitter, while the spatial resolution is limited by the average electron beam current and the signal-to-noise ratio of the detection system. We also discuss plans for improving both the temporal resolution and the spatial resolution.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{ToepferTremblay2016,
  author    = {T{\"o}pfer, Kai and Tremblay, Jean Christophe},
  title     = {How surface reparation prevents catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide on atomic gold at defective magnesium oxide surfaces},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-394978},
  pages     = {8},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {In this contribution, we study using first principles the co-adsorption and catalytic behaviors of CO and O2 on a single gold atom deposited at defective magnesium oxide surfaces. Using cluster models and point charge embedding within a density functional theory framework, we simulate the CO oxidation reaction for Au1 on differently charged oxygen vacancies of MgO(001) to rationalize its experimentally observed lack of catalytic activity. Our results show that: (1) co-adsorption is weakly supported at F0 and F2+ defects but not at F1+ sites, (2) electron redistribution from the F0 vacancy via the Au1 cluster to the adsorbed molecular oxygen weakens the O2 bond, as required for a sustainable catalytic cycle, (3) a metastable carbonate intermediate can form on defects of the F0 type, (4) only a small activation barrier exists for the highly favorable dissociation of CO2 from F0, and (5) the moderate adsorption energy of the gold atom on the F0 defect cannot prevent insertion of molecular oxygen inside the defect. Due to the lack of protection of the color centers, the surface becomes invariably repaired by the surrounding oxygen and the catalytic cycle is irreversibly broken in the first oxidation step.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{WalterCollenburgJaptoketal.2016,
  author    = {Walter, Tim and Collenburg, Lena and Japtok, Lukasz and Kleuser, Burkhard and Schneider-Schaulies, Sibylle and M{\"u}ller, Nora and Becam, Jerome and Schubert-Unkmeir, Alexandra and Kong, Ji Na and Bieberich, Erhard and Seibel, J{\"u}rgen},
  title     = {Incorporation and visualization of azido-functionalized N-oleoyl serinol in Jurkat cells, mouse brain astrocytes, 3T3 fibroblasts and human brain microvascular endothelial cells},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-394960},
  pages     = {3},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {The synthesis and biological evaluation of azido-N-oleoyl serinol is reported. It mimicks biofunctional lipid ceramides and has shown to be capable of click reactions for cell membrane imaging in Jurkat and human brain microvascular endothelial cells.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{RasovicBlagojevicBaranacStojanovicetal.2016,
  author    = {Rasovic, Aleksandar and Blagojevic, Vladimir and Baranac-Stojanovic, Marija and Kleinpeter, Erich and Markovic, Rade and Minic, Dragica M.},
  title     = {Quantification of the push-pull effect in 2-alkylidene-4-oxothiazolidines by using NMR spectral data and barriers to rotation around the C=C bond},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-394523},
  pages     = {6364 -- 6373},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Information about the strength of donor-acceptor interactions in push-pull alkenes is valuable, as this so-called "push-pull effect" influences their chemical reactivity and dynamic behaviour. In this paper, we discuss the applicability of NMR spectral data and barriers to rotation around the C[double bond, length as m-dash]C double bond to quantify the push-pull effect in biologically important 2-alkylidene-4-oxothiazolidines. While olefinic proton chemical shifts and differences in 13C NMR chemical shifts of the two carbons constituting the C[double bond, length as m-dash]C double bond fail to give the correct trend in the electron withdrawing ability of the substituents attached to the exocyclic carbon of the double bond, barriers to rotation prove to be a reliable quantity in providing information about the extent of donor-acceptor interactions in the push-pull systems studied. In particular all relevant kinetic data, that is the Arrhenius parameters (apparent activation energy Ea and frequency factor A) and activation parameters (ΔS‡, ΔH‡ and ΔG‡), were determined from the data of the experimentally studied configurational isomerization of (E)-9a. These results were compared to previously published related data for other two compounds, (Z)-1b and (2E,5Z)-7, showing that experimentally determined ΔG‡ values are a good indicator of the strength of push-pull character. Theoretical calculations of the rotational barriers of eight selected derivatives excellently correlate with the calculated C[double bond, length as m-dash]C bond lengths and corroborate the applicability of ΔG‡ for estimation of the strength of the push-pull effect in these and related systems.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{CajarSchneeweissEngelbertetal.2016,
  author    = {Cajar, Anke and Schneeweiß, Paul and Engelbert, Ralf and Laubrock, Jochen},
  title     = {Coupling of attention and saccades when viewing scenes with central and peripheral degradation},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-394918},
  pages     = {19},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Degrading real-world scenes in the central or the peripheral visual field yields a characteristic pattern: Mean saccade amplitudes increase with central and decrease with peripheral degradation. Does this pattern reflect corresponding modulations of selective attention? If so, the observed saccade amplitude pattern should reflect more focused attention in the central region with peripheral degradation and an attentional bias toward the periphery with central degradation. To investigate this hypothesis, we measured the detectability of peripheral (Experiment 1) or central targets (Experiment 2) during scene viewing when low or high spatial frequencies were gaze-contingently filtered in the central or the peripheral visual field. Relative to an unfiltered control condition, peripheral filtering induced a decrease of the detection probability for peripheral but not for central targets (tunnel vision). Central filtering decreased the detectability of central but not of peripheral targets. Additional post hoc analyses are compatible with the interpretation that saccade amplitudes and direction are computed in partial independence. Our experimental results indicate that task-induced modulations of saccade amplitudes reflect attentional modulations.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Putzler2016,
  author    = {Putzler, Sascha},
  title     = {Molekulare Charakterisierung des Centrosom-assoziierten Proteins CP91 in Dictyostelium discoideum},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-394689},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {111},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Das Dictyostelium-Centrosom ist ein Modell f{\"u}r acentriol{\"a}re Centrosomen. Es besteht aus einer dreischichtigen Kernstruktur und ist von einer Corona umgeben, welche Nukleationskomplexe f{\"u}r Mikrotubuli beinhaltet. Die Verdoppelung der Kernstruktur wird einmal pro Zellzyklus am {\"U}bergang der G2 zur M-Phase gestartet. Durch eine Proteomanalyse isolierter Centrosomen konnte CP91 identifiziert werden, ein 91 kDa großes Coiled-Coil Protein, das in der centrosomalen Kernstruktur lokalisiert. GFP-CP91 zeigte fast keine Mobilit{\"a}t in FRAP-Experimenten w{\"a}hrend der Interphase, was darauf hindeutet, dass es sich bei CP91 um eine Strukturkomponente des Centrosoms handelt. In der Mitose hingegen dissoziieren das GFP-CP91 als auch das endogene CP91 ab und fehlen an den Spindelpolen von der sp{\"a}ten Prophase bis zur Anaphase. Dieses Verhalten korreliert mit dem Verschwinden der zentralen Schicht der Kernstruktur zu Beginn der Centrosomenverdopplung. Somit ist CP91 mit großer Wahrscheinlichkeit ein Bestandteil dieser Schicht. CP91-Fragmente der N-terminalen bzw. C-terminalen Dom{\"a}ne (GFP-CP91 N-Terminus, GFP-CP91 C-Terminus) lokalisieren als GFP-Fusionsproteine exprimiert auch am Centrosom, zeigen aber nicht die gleiche mitotische Verteilung des Volll{\"a}ngenproteins. Das CP91-Fragment der zentralen Coiled-Coil Dom{\"a}ne (GFP-CP91cc) lokalisiert als GFP-Fusionsprotein exprimiert, als ein diffuser cytosolische Cluster, in der N{\"a}he des Centrosoms. Es zeigt eine partiell {\"a}hnliche mitotische Verteilung wie das Volll{\"a}ngenprotein. Dies l{\"a}sst eine regulatorische Dom{\"a}ne innerhalb der Coiled-Coil Dom{\"a}ne vermuten. Die Expression der GFP-Fusionsproteine unterdr{\"u}ckt die Expression des endogenen CP91 und bringt {\"u}berz{\"a}hlige Centrosomen hervor. Dies war auch eine markante Eigenschaft nach der Unterexpression von CP91 durch RNAi. Zus{\"a}tzlich zeigte sich in CP91-RNAi Zellen eine stark erh{\"o}hte Ploidie verursacht durch schwere Defekte in der Chromosomensegregation verbunden mit einer erh{\"o}hten Zellgr{\"o}ße und Defekten im Abschn{\"u}rungsprozess w{\"a}hrend der Cytokinese. Die Unterexpression von CP91 durch RNAi hatte auch einen direkten Einfluss auf die Menge an den centrosomalen Proteinen CP39, CP55 und CEP192 und dem Centromerprotein Cenp68 in der Interphase. Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass CP91 eine zentrale centrosomale Kernkomponente ist und f{\"u}r den Zusammenhalt der beiden {\"a}ußeren Schichten der Kernstruktur ben{\"o}tigt wird. Zudem spielt CP91 eine wichtige Rolle f{\"u}r eine ordnungsgem{\"a}ße Centrosomenbiogenese und, unabh{\"a}ngig davon, bei dem Abschn{\"u}rungsprozess der Tochterzellen w{\"a}hrend der Cytokinese.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Jung2016,
  author    = {Jung, Janis Moritz},
  title     = {The role of dysfunctional peer relationships and academic failure in the development and progression of aggression},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-394477},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {163},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Background: Aggression is a severe behavioral problem that interferes with many developmental challenges individuals face in middle childhood and adolescence. Particularly in the peer and in the academic domain, aggression inhibits the individual from making important learning experiences that are predictive for a healthy transition into adulthood. Furthermore, the resulting developmental deficits have the propensity to feedback and to promote aggression at later developmental stages. The aim of the present PhD thesis was to investigate pathways and processes involved in the etiology of aggression by examining the interrelation between multiple developmental problems in the peer and in the academic domain. More specifically, the relevance of affiliation with deviant peers as a driving mechanism for the development of aggression, factors promoting the affiliation with deviant peers (social rejection; academic failure), and mechanisms by which affiliation with deviant peers leads to aggression (external locus of control) were investigated. Method: The research questions were addressed by three studies. Three data waves were available for the first study, the second and third study were based on two data waves. The first study specified pathways to antisocial behavior by investigating the temporal interrelation between social rejection, academic failure, and affiliation with deviant peers in a sample of 1,657 male and female children and adolescents aged between 6 and 15 years. The second study examined the role of external control beliefs as a potential mediator in the link between affiliation with deviant peers and aggression in a sample of 1,466 children and adolescents in the age of 9 to 19 years, employing a half-longitudinal design. The third study aimed to expand the findings of Study 1 and Study 2 by examining the differential predictivity of combinations of developmental risks for different functions of aggression, using a sample of 1,479 participants in the age between 9 and 19 years. First, profiles of social rejection, academic failure, and affiliation with deviant peers were identified, using latent profile analysis. Second, prospective pathways between risk-profiles and reactive and proactive aggression were investigated, using latent path analysis. Results: The first study revealed that antisocial behavior at T1 was associated with social rejection and academic failure at T2. Both mechanisms promoted affiliation with deviant peers at the same data wave, which predicted deviancy at T3. Furthermore, both an indirect pathway via social rejection and affiliation with deviant peers and an indirect pathway via academic failure and affiliation with deviant peers significantly mediated the link between antisocial behavior at the first and the third data wave. Additionally, the proposed pathways generalized across genders and different age groups. The second study yielded that external control beliefs significantly mediated the link between affiliation with deviant peers and aggression, with affiliation with deviant peers at T1 predicting external control beliefs at T2 and external control beliefs at T1 predicting aggressive behavior at T2. Again, the analyses provided no evidence for gender and age specific variations in the proposed pathways. In the third study, three distinct risk groups were identified, made up of a large non-risk group, with low scores on all risk measures, a group characterized by high scores on social rejection (SR group), and a group with the highest scores on measures of affiliation with deviant peers and academic failure (APAF group). Importantly, risk group membership was differentially associated with reactive and proactive aggression. Only membership in the SR group at T1 was associated with the development of reactive aggression at T2 and only membership in the APAF group at T1 predicted proactive aggression at T2. Additionally, proactive aggression at T1 predicted membership in the APAF group at T2, indicating a reciprocal relationship between both constructs. Conclusion: The results demonstrated that aggression causes severe behavioral deficits in social and academic domains which promote future aggression by increasing individuals' tendency to affiliate with deviant peers. The stimulation of external control beliefs provides an explanation for deviant peers' effect on the progression and intensification of aggression. Finally, multiple developmental risks were shown to co-occur within individuals and to be differentially predictive of reactive and proactive aggression. The findings of this doctoral dissertation have possible implications for the conceptualization of prevention and intervention programs aimed to reduce aggression in middle childhood and adolescence.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Reschke2016,
  author    = {Reschke, Antje},
  title     = {Effectiveness of a foot orthosis on muscular activity in functional ankle instability},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-104366},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {XII, 155, XXXVIII},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {A majority of studies documented a reduced ankle muscle activity, particularly of the peroneus longus muscle (PL), in patients with functional ankle instability (FI). It is considered valid that foot orthoses as well as sensorimotor training have a positive effect on ankle muscle activity in healthy individuals and those with lower limb overuse injuries or flat arched feet (reduced reaction time by sensorimotor exercises; increased ankle muscle amplitude by orthoses use). However, the acute- and long-term influence of foot orthoses on ankle muscle activity in individuals with FI is unknown. AIMS: The present thesis addressed (1a) acute- and (1b) long-term effects of foot orthoses compared to sensorimotor training on ankle muscle activity in patients with FI. (2) Further, it was investigated if the orthosis intervention group demonstrate higher ankle muscle activity by additional short-term use of a measurement in-shoe orthosis (compared to short-term use of "shoe only") after intervention. (3) As prerequisite, it was evaluated if ankle muscle activity can be tested reliably and (4) if this differs between healthy individuals and those with FI. METHODS: Three intervention groups (orthosis group [OG], sensorimotor training group [SMTG], control group [CG]), consisting of both, healthy individuals and those with FI, underwent one longitudinal investigation (randomised controlled trial). Throughout 6 weeks of intervention, OG wore an in-shoe orthosis with a specific "PL stimulation module", whereas SMTG conducted home-based exercises. CG served to measure test-retest reliability of ankle muscle activity (PL, M. tibialis anterior [TA] and M. gastrocnemius medialis [GM]). Pre- and post-intervention, ankle muscle activity (EMG amplitude) was recorded during "normal" unperturbed (NW) and perturbed walking (PW) on a split-belt treadmill (stimulus 200 ms post initial heel contact [IC]) as well as during side cutting (SC), each while wearing "shoes only" and additional measurement in-shoe orthoses (randomized order). Normalized RMS values (100\% MVC, mean±SD) were calculated pre- (100-50 ms) and post (200-400 ms) - IC. RESULTS: (3) Test-retest reliability showed a high range of values in healthy individuals and those with FI. (4) Compared to healthy individuals, patients with FI demonstrated lower PL pre-activity during SC, however higher PL pre-activity for NW and PW. (1a) Acute orthoses use did not influence ankle muscle activity. (1b) For most conditions, sensorimotor training was more effective in individuals with FI than long-term orthotic intervention (increased: PL and GM pre-activity and TA reflex-activity for NW, PL pre-activity and TA, PL and GM reflex-activity for SC, PL reflex-activity for PW). However, prolonged orthoses use was more beneficial in terms of an increase in GM pre-activity during SC. For some conditions, long-term orthoses intervention was as effective as sensorimotor training for individuals with FI (increased: PL pre-activity for PW, TA pre-activity for SC, PL and GM reflex-activity for NW). Prolonged orthoses use was also advantageous in healthy individuals (increased: PL and GM pre-activity for NW and PW, PL pre-activity for SC, TA and PL reflex-activity for NW, PL and GM reflex-activity for PW). (2) The orthosis intervention group did not present higher ankle muscle activity by the additional short-term use of a measurement in-shoe orthosis at re-test after intervention. CONCLUSION: High variations of reproducibility reflect physiological variability in muscle activity during gait and therefore deemed acceptable. The main findings confirm the presence of sensorimotor long-term effects of specific foot orthoses in healthy individuals (primary preventive effect) and those with FI (therapeutic effect). Neuromuscular compensatory feedback- as well as anticipatory feedforward adaptation mechanism to prolonged orthoses use, specifically of the PL muscle, underpins the key role of PL in providing essential dynamic ankle joint stability. Due to its advantages over sensorimotor training (positive subjective feedback in terms of comfort, time-and-cost-effectiveness), long-term foot orthoses use can be recommended as an applicable therapy alternative in the treatment of FI. Long-term effect of foot orthoses in a population with FI must be validated in a larger sample size with longer follow-up periods to substantiate the generalizability of the existing outcomes.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{AndressDrewsGomezGutierrezetal.2016,
  author    = {Andress, Reinhard and Drews, Julian and G{\´o}mez Guti{\´e}rrez, Alberto and Reich, Karin and Roussanova, Elena and St{\"o}ger, Alexander and Herneck, Friedrich and Schwarz, Ingo},
  title     = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz},
  series = {HIN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; international review for Humboldtian studies},
  volume    = {XVII},
  journal   = {HIN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; international review for Humboldtian studies},
  number    = {33},
  editor    = {Ette, Ottmar and Knobloch, Eberhard},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {1617-5239},
  doi       = {0.18443/hinvol17iss332016},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-98944},
  pages     = {90},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Inhalt - Reinhard Andress: Ein unver{\"o}ffentlichter Brief Alexander von Humboldts an den Buchh{\"a}ndler Jean-Georges Treuttel - Julian Drews: {\´E}criture (auto)biographique dans l'Examen critique d'Alexandre de Humboldt - Alberto G{\´o}mez Guti{\´e}rrez: Alexander von Humboldt y la cooperaci{\´o}n transcontinental en la Geograf{\´i}a de las plantas: una nueva apreciaci{\´o}n de la obra fitogeogr{\´a}fica de Francisco Jos{\´e} de Caldas - Karin Reich und Elena Roussanova: Der Briefwechsel zwischen Karl Kreil und Alexander von Humboldt, ein wichtiger Beitrag zur Geschichte des Erdmagnetismus - Alexander St{\"o}ger: Experiment und Wissensvermittlung. Alexander von Humboldts Darstellungsmethoden in seinen Versuchen {\"u}ber die gereizte Muskel- und Nervenfaser - Friedrich Herneck und Ingo Schwarz: Friedrich Herneck: Hegel und Alexander von Humboldt},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{HerneckSchwarz2016,
  author    = {Herneck, Friedrich and Schwarz, Ingo},
  title     = {Friedrich Herneck: Hegel und Alexander von Humboldt},
  series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies},
  volume    = {XVII},
  journal   = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies},
  number    = {33},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {1617-5239},
  doi       = {10.18443/239},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-98939},
  pages     = {85 -- 92},
  year      = {2016},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Stoeger2016,
  author    = {St{\"o}ger, Alexander},
  title     = {Experiment und Wissensvermittlung},
  series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies},
  volume    = {XVII},
  journal   = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies},
  number    = {33},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {1617-5239},
  doi       = {10.18443/230},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-98924},
  pages     = {74 -- 84},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Alexander von Humboldt hat sich in jungen Jahren mit galvanischen Experimenten besch{\"a}ftigt und die Resultate in einem umfassenden, zweib{\"a}ndigen Werk publiziert. Dabei zeigte er nicht nur, dass er als Experimentator und Teil der wissenschaftlichen Gemeinschaft f{\"a}hig war, sich mit einem so neuen und komplexen Ph{\"a}nomen zu besch{\"a}ftigen. Es l{\"a}sst sich auch erkennen, dass er bereits in dieser fr{\"u}hen Schrift versuchte, das umfangreiche Wissen dem Leser zug{\"a}nglich zu machen. Der Artikel betrachtet Humboldts Galvanismusschrift Versuche {\"u}ber die gereizte Muskel- und Nervenfaser (1797-1798) und untersucht einige Elemente wie Anh{\"a}nge und Schreibstil, die Humboldt nutzte, um die umfangreichen Informationen zu ordnen und dem Leser so neben den Big Data seiner Erkenntnisse auch passende Suchfunktionen zur Verf{\"u}gung zu stellen, die eine gezielte Nutzung {\"u}berhaupt erm{\"o}glichen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{ReichRoussanova2016,
  author    = {Reich, Karin and Roussanova, Elena},
  title     = {Der Briefwechsel zwischen Karl Kreil und Alexander von Humboldt, ein wichtiger Beitrag zur Geschichte des Erdmagnetismus},
  series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies},
  volume    = {XVII},
  journal   = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies},
  number    = {33},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {1617-5239},
  doi       = {10.18443/245},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-98904},
  pages     = {52 -- 73},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {The correspondence between Alexander von Humboldt und Karl Kreil was voluminous, it concerned earth magnetism. But only one letter has survived. This letter was written by Kreil on September 3, 1836; one day later Kreil wrote a letter to Carl Friedrich Gauss with nearly the same contents, some sentences are even literally corresponding. Four letters from Kreil to Humboldt were published in the „Annalen der Physik und Chemie". Some letters were mentioned in the biographical literature dealing with Kreil. These letters show, that the correspondence covered at least the period until 1851 and give information about the intensive relationship between the two scientists. A further interesting source is the library of Humboldt which unfortunately has not survived. The catalogue mentions nine works of Kreil some of them where annotated by Humboldt. This makes it plausible that the contacts even lasted until 1856.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{GomezGutierrez2016,
  author    = {G{\´o}mez Guti{\´e}rrez, Alberto},
  title     = {Alexander von Humboldt y la cooperaci{\´o}n transcontinental en la Geograf{\´i}a de las plantas},
  series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies},
  volume    = {XVII},
  journal   = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies},
  number    = {33},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {1617-5239},
  doi       = {10.18443/238},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-98893},
  pages     = {24 -- 51},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {El Ensayo sobre la geograf{\´i}a de las plantas de Alexander von Humboldt ha trascendido como una de sus principales propuestas cient{\´i}ficas, fundamento de lo que se conoce hoy como "biogeograf{\´i}a". El origen de este concepto es difuso hasta el momento de la publicaci{\´o}n simult{\´a}nea de su obra en Par{\´i}s y en T{\"u}bingen, en 1807. El presente art{\´i}culo propone contrastar la primera versi{\´o}n manuscrita de este ensayo, elaborada en 1803 en Guayaquil y luego le{\´i}da en 1805 en el Institut National de Paris, con la obra contempor{\´a}nea del neogranadino Francisco Jos{\´e} de Caldas, con quien convivi{\´o} en Quito en el primer semestre de 1802.},
  language  = {es}
}
@article{Drews2016,
  author    = {Drews, Julian},
  title     = {{\´E}criture (auto)biographique dans l'Examen critique d'Alexandre de Humboldt},
  series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies},
  volume    = {XVII},
  journal   = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies},
  number    = {33},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {1617-5239},
  doi       = {10.18443/240},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-98889},
  pages     = {10 -- 21},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Der Bezug auf Kolumbus ist ein Gemeinplatz der Humboldtbiographik. Humboldt selbst betont ihn besonders in seinem Examen critique, wo er eine autobiographische Dimension gewinnt. Der Beitrag geht aus literaturwissenschaftlicher Perspektive dem Material und den Formen der Inszenierung nach, mit denen ein Leben {\"u}ber ein anderes dargestellt wird.},
  language  = {fr}
}
@article{Andress2016,
  author    = {Andress, Reinhard},
  title     = {Ein unver{\"o}ffentlichter Brief Alexander von Humboldts an den Buchh{\"a}ndler Jean-Georges Treuttel},
  series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies},
  volume    = {XVII},
  journal   = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies},
  number    = {33},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {1617-5239},
  doi       = {10.18443/228},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-98871},
  pages     = {5 -- 11},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {In der Lilly Library der Indiana University befindet sich ein kurzer unver{\"o}ffentlichter Brief Alexander von Humboldts an den Buchh{\"a}ndler und Autor Jean-Georges Treuttel. Dieser Artikel unternimmt den Versuch, den historisch-bibliographischen Kontext des Briefes herzustellen und ihn in Humboldts wissenschaftliches Schaffen einzuordnen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{NavarroRetamalBremerAlzateMoralesetal.2016,
  author    = {Navarro-Retamal, Carlos and Bremer, Anne and Alzate-Morales, Jans H. and Caballero, Julio and Hincha, Dirk K. and Gonz{\´a}lez, Wendy and Thalhammer, Anja},
  title     = {Molecular dynamics simulations and CD spectroscopy reveal hydration-induced unfolding of the intrinsically disordered LEA proteins COR15A and COR15B from Arabidopsis thaliana},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-394503},
  pages     = {25806 -- 25816},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {The LEA (late embryogenesis abundant) proteins COR15A and COR15B from Arabidopsis thaliana are intrinsically disordered under fully hydrated conditions, but obtain α-helical structure during dehydration, which is reversible upon rehydration. To understand this unusual structural transition, both proteins were investigated by circular dichroism (CD) and molecular dynamics (MD) approaches. MD simulations showed unfolding of the proteins in water, in agreement with CD data obtained with both HIS-tagged and untagged recombinant proteins. Mainly intramolecular hydrogen bonds (H-bonds) formed by the protein backbone were replaced by H-bonds with water molecules. As COR15 proteins function in vivo as protectants in leaves partially dehydrated by freezing, unfolding was further assessed under crowded conditions. Glycerol reduced (40\%) or prevented (100\%) unfolding during MD simulations, in agreement with CD spectroscopy results. H-bonding analysis indicated that preferential exclusion of glycerol from the protein backbone increased stability of the folded state.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{WirthKirschWlosczyketal.2016,
  author    = {Wirth, Jonas and Kirsch, Harald and Wlosczyk, Sebastian and Tong, Yujin and Saalfrank, Peter and Kramer Campen, Richard},
  title     = {Characterization of water dissociation on α-Al2O3(1102)},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-394497},
  pages     = {14822 -- 14832},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {The interaction of water with α-alumina (i.e. α-Al2O3) surfaces is important in a variety of applications and a useful model for the interaction of water with environmentally abundant aluminosilicate phases. Despite its significance, studies of water interaction with α-Al2O3 surfaces other than the (0001) are extremely limited. Here we characterize the interaction of water (D2O) with a well defined α-Al2O3(1[1 with combining macron]02) surface in UHV both experimentally, using temperature programmed desorption and surface-specific vibrational spectroscopy, and theoretically, using periodic-slab density functional theory calculations. This combined approach makes it possible to demonstrate that water adsorption occurs only at a single well defined surface site (the so-called 1-4 configuration) and that at this site the barrier between the molecularly and dissociatively adsorbed forms is very low: 0.06 eV. A subset of OD stretch vibrations are parallel to this dissociation coordinate, and thus would be expected to be shifted to low frequencies relative to an uncoupled harmonic oscillator. To quantify this effect we solve the vibrational Schr{\"o}dinger equation along the dissociation coordinate and find fundamental frequencies red-shifted by more than 1500 cm-1. Within the context of this model, at moderate temperatures, we further find that some fraction of surface deuterons are likely delocalized: dissociatively and molecularly absorbed states are no longer distinguishable.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{SteeplesKellingSchildeetal.2016,
  author    = {Steeples, Elliot and Kelling, Alexandra and Schilde, Uwe and Esposito, Davide},
  title     = {Amino acid-derived N-heterocyclic carbene palladium complexes for aqueous phase Suzuki-Miyaura couplings},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-394488},
  pages     = {4922 -- 4930},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {In this work, three ligands produced from amino acids were synthesized and used to produce five bis- and PEPPSI-type palladium-NHC complexes using a novel synthesis route from sustainable starting materials. Three of these complexes were used as precatalysts in the aqueous-phase Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of various substrates displaying high activity. TEM and mercury poisoning experiments provide evidence for Pd-nanoparticle formation stabilized in water.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{WessigHilleKumkeetal.2016,
  author    = {Wessig, Pablo and Hille, Carsten and Kumke, Michael Uwe and Meiling, Till Thomas and Behrends, Nicole and Eisold, Ursula},
  title     = {Two-photon FRET pairs based on coumarin and DBD dyes},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-394445},
  pages     = {33510 -- 33513},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {The synthesis and photophysical properties of two new FRET pairs based on coumarin as a donor and DBD dye as an acceptor are described. The introduction of a bromo atom dramatically increases the two-photon excitation (2PE) cross section providing a 2PE-FRET system, which is also suitable for 2PE-FLIM.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{LiebigSarhanPrietzeletal.2016,
  author    = {Liebig, Ferenc and Sarhan, Radwan Mohamed and Prietzel, Claudia Christina and Reinecke, Antje and Koetz, Joachim},
  title     = {"Green" gold nanotriangles: synthesis, purification by polyelectrolyte/micelle depletion flocculation and performance in surface-enhanced Raman scattering},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-394430},
  pages     = {33561 -- 33568},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {The aim of this study was to develop a one-step synthesis of gold nanotriangles (NTs) in the presence of mixed phospholipid vesicles followed by a separation process to isolate purified NTs. Negatively charged vesicles containing AOT and phospholipids, in the absence and presence of additional reducing agents (polyampholytes, polyanions or low molecular weight compounds), were used as a template phase to form anisotropic gold nanoparticles. Upon addition of the gold chloride solution, the nucleation process is initiated and both types of particles, i.e., isotropic spherical and anisotropic gold nanotriangles, are formed simultaneously. As it was not possible to produce monodisperse nanotriangles with such a one-step procedure, the anisotropic nanoparticles needed to be separated from the spherical ones. Therefore, a new type of separation procedure using combined polyelectrolyte/micelle depletion flocculation was successfully applied. As a result of the different purification steps, a green colored aqueous dispersion was obtained containing highly purified, well-defined negatively charged flat nanocrystals with a platelet thickness of 10 nm and an edge length of about 175 nm. The NTs produce promising results in surface-enhanced Raman scattering.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{PacholskiAgarwalBalderasValadez2016,
  author    = {Pacholski, Claudia and Agarwal, Vivechana and Balderas-Valadez, Ruth Fabiola},
  title     = {Fabrication of porous silicon-based optical sensors using metal-assisted chemical etching},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-394426},
  pages     = {21430 -- 21434},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Optical biosensors based on porous silicon were fabricated by metal assisted chemical etching. Thereby double layered porous silicon structures were obtained consisting of porous pillars with large pores on top of a porous silicon layer with smaller pores. These structures showed a similar sensing performance in comparison to electrochemically produced porous silicon interferometric sensors.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{EhlertHolzweberLippitzetal.2016,
  author    = {Ehlert, Christopher and Holzweber, Markus and Lippitz, Andreas and Unger, Wolfgang E. S. and Saalfrank, Peter},
  title     = {A detailed assignment of NEXAFS resonances of imidazolium based ionic liquids},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-394417},
  pages     = {8654 -- 8661},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {In Near Edge X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy X-Ray photons are used to excite tightly bound core electrons to low-lying unoccupied orbitals of the system. This technique offers insight into the electronic structure of the system as well as useful structural information. In this work, we apply NEXAFS to two kinds of imidazolium based ionic liquids ([CnC1im]+[NTf2]- and [C4C1im]+[I]-). A combination of measurements and quantum chemical calculations of C K and N K NEXAFS resonances is presented. The simulations, based on the transition potential density functional theory method (TP-DFT), reproduce all characteristic features observed by the experiment. Furthermore, a detailed assignment of resonance features to excitation centers (carbon or nitrogen atoms) leads to a consistent interpretation of the spectra.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{WessigBaderKlieretal.2016,
  author    = {Wessig, Pablo and Bader, Denise and Klier, Dennis Tobias and Hettrich, Cornelia and Bier, Frank Fabian},
  title     = {Detecting carbohydrate-lectin interactions using a fluorescent probe based on DBD dyes},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-394382},
  pages     = {1235 -- 1238},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Herein we present an efficient synthesis of a biomimetic probe with modular construction that can be specifically bound by the mannose binding FimH protein - a surface adhesion protein of E. coli bacteria. The synthesis combines the new and interesting DBD dye with the carbohydrate ligand mannose via a Click reaction. We demonstrate the binding to E. coli bacteria over a large concentration range and also present some special characteristics of those molecules that are of particular interest for the application as a biosensor. In particular, the mix-and-measure ability and the very good photo-stability should be highlighted here.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Ehlert2016,
  author    = {Ehlert, Christopher},
  title     = {Simulationen von R{\"o}ntgenabsorptionsprozessen zur Charakterisierung von Systemen in kondensierter Phase},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-104844},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {142},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Die vorgelegte Dissertation pr{\"a}sentiert wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse, die in der Zeit vom Dezember 2012 bis August 2016, erarbeitet wurden. Der zentrale Inhalt der Arbeit ist die Simulation von R{\"o}ntgenabsorptionsprozessen von verschiedenen Systemen in kondensierter Phase. Genauer gesagt, werden Nahkantenabsorptions- (NEXAFS) sowie R{\"o}ntgenphotoelektronenspektren (XPS) berechnet. In beiden F{\"a}llen wird ein R{\"o}ntgenphoton von einem molekularen System absorbiert. Aufgrund der hohen Photonenenergie wird ein stark gebundenes kernnahes Elektron angeregt. Bei der XPS gelangt dieses mit einer zu messenden kinetischen Energie in Kontinuumszust{\"a}nde. In Abh{\"a}ngigkeit der eingestrahlten Photonenenergie und der kinetischen Energie des austreten Elektrons, kann die Bindungsenergie berechnet werden, welche die zentrale Gr{\"o}ße der XPS ist. Im Falle der NEXAFS-Spektroskopie wird das kernnahe Elektron in unbesetzte gebundene Zust{\"a}nde angeregt. Die zentrale Gr{\"o}ße ist die Absorption als Funktion der eingestrahlten Photonenenergie. Das erste Kapitel meiner Arbeit er{\"o}rtert detailliert die experimentellen Methoden sowie die daraus gewonnenen charakteristischen Gr{\"o}ßen. Die experimentellen Spektren zeigen oft viele Resonanzen, deren Interpretation aufgrund fehlender Referenzmaterialien schwierig ist. In solchen F{\"a}llen bietet es sich an, die Spektren mittels quantenchemischer Methoden zu simulieren. Der daf{\"u}r erforderliche mathematisch-physikalische Methodenkatalog wird im zweiten Kapitel der Arbeit er{\"o}rtert. Das erste von mir untersuchte System ist Graphen. In experimentellen Arbeiten wurde die Oberfl{\"a}che mittels Bromplasma modifiziert. Die im Anschluss gemessenen NEXAFS-Spektren unterscheiden sich maßgeblich von den Spektren der unbehandelten Oberfl{\"a}che. Mithilfe periodischer DFT-Rechnungen wurden verschiedene Gitterdefekte sowie bromierte Systeme untersucht und die NEXAFS-Spektren simuliert. Mittels der Simulationen k{\"o}nnen die Beitr{\"a}ge verschiedener Anregungszentren analysiert werden. Die Berechnungen erlauben den Schluss, dass Gitterdefekte maßgeblich f{\"u}r die entstandenen Ver{\"a}nderungen verantwortlich sind. Polyvinylalkohol (PVA) wurde als zweites System behandelt. Hierbei sollte untersucht werden, wie groß der Einfluss der Molekularbewegung auf die Verbreiterung der Peaks im XP-Spektrum ist. Des Weiteren wurde untersucht, wie groß der Einfluss von intermolekularen Wechselwirkungen auf die Peakpositionen und Peakverbreiterung ist. F{\"u}r die Berechnung dieses Systems wurde eine Kombination aus molekulardynamischen und quantenchemischen Methoden verwendet. Als Strukturen dienten Oligomermodelle, die unter dem Einfluss eines (ab initio) Potentials propagiert wurden. Entlang der erstellten Trajektorie wurden Schnappsch{\"u}sse der Geometrien extrahiert und f{\"u}r die Berechnung der XP-Spektren verwendet. Die Spektren werden bereits mithilfe klassischer Molekulardynamik sehr gut reproduziert. Die erhaltenen Peakbreiten sind verglichen mit dem Experiment allerdings zu klein. Die Hauptursache der Peakverbreiterung ist die Molekularbewegung. Intermolekulare Wechselwirkungen verschieben die Peakpositionen um 0.6 eV zu kleineren Anregungsenergien. Im dritten Teil der Arbeit stehen die NEXAFS-Spektren von ionischen Fl{\"u}ssigkeiten (ILs) im Fokus. Die experimentell gefundenen Spektren zeigen eine komplexe Struktur mit vielen Resonanzen. In der Arbeit wurden zwei ILs untersucht. Als Geometrien verwenden wir Clustermodelle, die aus experimentellen Kristallstrukturen extrahiert wurden. Die berechneten Spektren erlauben es, die Resonanzen den Anregungszentren zuzuordnen. Außerdem kann eine erstmals gemessene Doppelresonanz simuliert und erkl{\"a}rt werden. Insgesamt kann die Interpretation der Spektren mithilfe der Simulation signifikant erweitert werden. In allen Systemen wurde zur Berechnung des NEXAFS-Spektrums eine auf Dichtefunktionaltheorie basierende Methode verwendet (die sogenannte Transition-Potential Methode). G{\"a}ngige wellenfunktionsbasierte Methoden, wie die Konfigurationswechselwirkung mit Einfachanregungen (CIS), zeigen eine starke Blauverschiebung, wenn als Referenz eine Hartree-Fock Slaterdeterminante verwendet wird. Wir zeigen, dass die Verwendung von kernnah-angeregten Determinanten sowohl das resultierende Spektrum als auch die Anregungsenergien deutlich verbessert. Des Weiteren werden auch Referenzen aus Dichtefunktionalrechnungen getestet. Zus{\"a}tzlich werden auch Referenzen mit gebrochenen Besetzungszahlen f{\"u}r kernnahe Elektronen verwendet. In der Arbeit werden die Resultate der verschiedenen Referenzen miteinander verglichen. Es zeigt sich, dass Referenzen mit gebrochenen Besetzungszahlen das Spektrum nicht weiter verbessern. Der Einfluss der verwendeten Elektronenstrukturmethode ist eher gering.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Prinz2016,
  author    = {Prinz, Julia},
  title     = {DNA origami substrates as a versatile tool for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-104089},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xviii, 184 Seiten},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a promising tool to obtain rich chemical information about analytes at trace levels. However, in order to perform selective experiments on individual molecules, two fundamental requirements have to be fulfilled. On the one hand, areas with high local field enhancement, so-called "hot spots", have to be created by positioning the supporting metal surfaces in close proximity to each other. In most cases hot spots are formed in the gap between adjacent metal nanoparticles (NPs). On the other hand, the analyte has to be positioned directly in the hot spot in order to profit from the highest signal amplification. The use of DNA origami substrates provides both, the arrangement of AuNPs with nm precision as well as the ability to bind analyte molecules at predefined positions. Consequently, the present cumulative doctoral thesis aims at the development of a novel SERS substrate based on a DNA origami template. To this end, two DNA-functionalized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are attached to one DNA origami substrate resulting in the formation of a AuNP dimer and thus in a hot spot within the corresponding gap. The obtained structures are characterized by correlated atomic force microscopy (AFM) and SERS imaging which allows for the combination of structural and chemical information. Initially, the proof-of principle is presented which demonstrates the potential of the novel approach. It is shown that the Raman signal of 15 nm AuNPs coated with dye-modified DNA (dye: carboxytetramethylrhodamine (TAMRA)) is significantly higher for AuNP dimers arranged on a DNA origami platform in comparison to single AuNPs. Furthermore, by attaching single TAMRA molecules in the hot spot between two 5 nm AuNPs and optimizing the size of the AuNPs by electroless gold deposition, SERS experiments at the few-molecule level are presented. The initially used DNA origami-AuNPs design is further optimized in many respects. On the one hand, larger AuNPs up to a diameter of 60 nm are used which are additionally treated with a silver enhancement solution to obtain Au-Ag-core-shell NPs. On the other hand, the arrangement of both AuNPs is altered to improve the position of the dye molecule within the hot spot as well as to decrease the gap size between the two particles. With the optimized design the detection of single dye molecules (TAMRA and cyanine 3 (Cy3)) by means of SERS is demonstrated. Quantitatively, enhancement factors up to 10^10 are estimated which is sufficiently high to detect single dye molecules. In the second part, the influence of graphene as an additional component of the SERS substrate is investigated. Graphene is a two-dimensional material with an outstanding combination of electronical, mechanical and optical properties. Here, it is demonstrated that single layer graphene (SLG) replicates the shape of underlying non-modified DNA origami substrates very well, which enables the monitoring of structural alterations by AFM imaging. In this way, it is shown that graphene encapsulation significantly increases the structural stability of bare DNA origami substrates towards mechanical force and prolonged exposure to deionized water. Furthermore, SLG is used to cover DNA origami substrates which are functionalized with a 40 nm AuNP dimer. In this way, a novel kind of hybrid material is created which exhibits several advantages compared to the analogue non-covered SERS substrates. First, the fluorescence background of dye molecules that are located in between the AuNP surface and SLG is efficiently reduced. Second, the photobleaching rate of the incorporated dye molecules is decreased up to one order of magnitude. Third, due to the increased photostability of the investigated dye molecules, the performance of polarization-dependent series measurements on individual structures is enabled. This in turn reveals extensive information about the dye molecules in the hot spot as well as about the strain induced within the graphene lattice. Although SLG can significantly influence the SERS substrate in the aforementioned ways, all those effects are strongly related to the extent of contact with the underlying AuNP dimer.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Leiendecker2016,
  author    = {Leiendecker, Mai-Thi},
  title     = {Physikalische Hydrogele auf Polyurethan-Basis},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-103917},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {109},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Physical hydrogels have gained recent attention as cell substrates, since viscoelasticity or stress relaxation is a powerful parameter in mechanotransduction, which has long been neglected. We designed multi-functional polyurethanes to form physical hydrogels via a unique tunable gelation mechanism. The anionic polyurethanes spontaneously form aggregates in water that are kept in a soluble state through electrostatic repulsion. Fast subsequent gelation can be triggered by charge shielding which allows the aggregation and network building to proceed. This can be induced by adding either acids or salts, resulting in acidic (pH 4-5) or pH-neutral hydrogels, respectively. Whereas conventional polyurethane-based hydrogels are commonly prepared from toxic isocyanate precursors, the physical hydrogelation mechanism described here does not involve chemically reactive species which is ideal for in situ applications in sensitive environments. Both stiffness and stress relaxation can be tuned independently over a broad range and the gels exhibit excellent stress recovery behavior.},
  language  = {de}
}
@unpublished{EcksteinReindfandt2016,
  author    = {Eckstein, Lars and Reindfandt, Christoph},
  title     = {Luhmann in da Contact Zone},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-103298},
  pages     = {15},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Our aim in this contribution is to productively engage with the abstractions and complexities of Luhmann's conceptions of society from a postcolonial perspective, with a particular focus on the explanatory powers of his sociological systems theory when it leaves the realms of Europe and ventures to describe regions of the global South. In view of its more recent global reception beyond Europe, our aim is to thus - following the lead of Dipesh Chakrabarty - provincialize Luhmann's system theory especially with regard to its underlying assumptions about a global "world society". For these purposes, we intend to revisit Luhmann in the post/colonial contact zone: We wish to reread Luhmann in the context of spaces of transcultural encounter where "global designs and local histories" (Mignolo), where inclusion into and exclusion from "world society" (Luhmann) clash and interact in intricate ways. The title of our contribution, 'Luhmann in da Contact Zone' is deliberately ambiguous: On the one hand, we of course use 'Luhmann' metonymically, as representative of a highly complex theoretical design. We shall cursorily outline this design with a special focus on the notion of a singular, modern "world society", only to confront it with the epistemic challenges of the contact zone. On the other hand, this critique will also involve the close observation of Niklas Luhman as a human observer (a category which within the logic of systems theory actually does not exist) who increasingly transpires in his late writings on exclusion in the global South. By following this dual strategy, we wish to trace an increasing fracture between one Luhmann and the other, between abstract theoretical design and personalized testimony. It is by exploring and measuring this fracture that we hope to eventually be able to map out the potential of a possibly more productive encounter between systems theory and specific strands of postcolonial theory for a pluritopic reading of global modernity.},
  language  = {en}
}
@unpublished{Eckstein2016,
  author    = {Eckstein, Lars},
  title     = {Recollecting Bones},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-103278},
  pages     = {20},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {In the same "guarded, roundabout and reticent way" which Lindsay Barrett invokes for Australian conversations about imperial injustice, Germans, too, must begin to more systematically explore, in Paul Gilroy's words, "the connections and the differences between anti-semitism and anti-black and other racisms and asses[s] the issues that arise when it can no longer be denied that they interacted over a long time in what might be seen as Fascism's intellectual, ethical and scientific pre-history" (Gilroy 1996: 26). In the meantime, we need to care for the dead. We need to return them, first, from the status of scientific objects to the status of ancestral human beings, and then progressively, and proactively, as close as possible to the care of those communities from whom they were stolen.},
  language  = {en}
}
@unpublished{EcksteinWiemann2016,
  author    = {Eckstein, Lars and Wiemann, Dirk},
  title     = {Kleine Kosmopolitismen},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-103261},
  pages     = {7},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Das große Projekt der Aufkl{\"a}rung und damit auch der kosmopolitischen Idee war bereits in seinen Urspr{\"u}ngen ambivalenter als gemeinhin anerkannt wird. Denn sein normatives Menschenbild war (und bleibt) implizit m{\"a}nnlich, b{\"u}rgerlich und nicht zuletzt weiß.},
  language  = {de}
}
@unpublished{EcksteinWiemannWalleretal.2016,
  author    = {Eckstein, Lars and Wiemann, Dirk and Waller, Nicole and Bartels, Anke},
  title     = {Postcolonial Justice},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-103220},
  pages     = {20},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {In July 2014, some of us participated in a handover ceremony of 14 ancestral remains to their Australian traditional owners, performed on the premises of the Charit{\´e} Campus in Berlin.},
  language  = {en}
}
@unpublished{Eckstein2016,
  author    = {Eckstein, Lars},
  title     = {Postcolonial Piracy},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-103307},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Media piracy is a contested term in the academic as much as the public debate. It is used by the corporate industries as a synonym for the theft of protected media content with disastrous economic consequences. It is celebrated by technophile elites as an expression of freedom that ensures creativity as much as free market competition. Marxist critics and activists promote flapiracy as a subversive practice that undermines the capitalist world system and its structural injustices. Artists and entrepreneurs across the globe curse it as a threat to their existence, while many use pirate infrastructures and networks fundamentally for the production and dissemination of their art. For large sections of the population across the global South, piracy is simply the only means of accessing the medial flows of a progressively globalising planet.},
  language  = {en}
}
@unpublished{Eckstein2016,
  author    = {Eckstein, Lars},
  title     = {Reflections of Lus{\´a}ni Ciss{\´e}},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-103196},
  pages     = {17},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {On the last sunny October weekend in 2015 I decided to cycle from my home in Berlin to the small town of W{\"u}nsdorf some 40 kilometres south of the city.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{SchusterKraheIlabacaBaezaetal.2016,
  author    = {Schuster, Isabell and Krah{\´e}, Barbara and Ilabaca Baeza, Paola and Munoz-Reyes, Jose Antonio},
  title     = {Sexual Aggression Victimization and Perpetration among Male and Female College Students in Chile},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-104684},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Evidence on the prevalence of sexual aggression among college students is primarily based on studies from Western countries. In Chile, a South American country strongly influenced by the Catholic Church, little research on sexual aggression among college students is available. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to examine the prevalence of sexual aggression victimization and perpetration since the age of 14 (the legal age of consent) in a sample of male and female students aged between 18 and 29 years from five Chilean universities (N = 1135), to consider possible gender differences, and to study the extent to which alcohol was involved in the reported incidents of perpetration and victimization. Sexual aggression victimization and perpetration was measured with a Chilean Spanish version of the Sexual Aggression and Victimization Scale (SAV-S), which includes three coercive strategies (use or threat of physical force, exploitation of an incapacitated state, and verbal pressure), three victim-perpetrator constellations (current or former partners, friends/acquaintances, and strangers), and four sexual acts (sexual touch, attempted sexual intercourse, completed sexual intercourse, and other sexual acts, such as oral sex). Overall, 51.9\% of women and 48.0\% of men reported at least one incident of sexual victimization, and 26.8\% of men and 16.5\% of women reported at least one incident of sexual aggression perpetration since the age of 14. For victimization, only few gender differences were found, but significantly more men than women reported sexual aggression perpetration. A large proportion of perpetrators also reported victimization experiences. Regarding victim-perpetrator relationship, sexual aggression victimization and perpetration were more common between persons who knew each other than between strangers. Alcohol use by the perpetrator, victim, or both was involved in many incidents of sexual aggression victimization and perpetration, particularly among strangers. The present data are the first to provide a systematic and detailed picture of sexual aggression among college students in Chile, including victimization and perpetration reports by both men and women and confirming the critical role of alcohol established in past research from Western countries.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{JaraMunoz2016,
  author    = {Jara Mu{\~n}oz, Julius},
  title     = {Quantifying forearc deformation patterns using coastal geomorphic markers},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-102652},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {XXV, 213},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Rapidly uplifting coastlines are frequently associated with convergent tectonic boundaries, like subduction zones, which are repeatedly breached by giant megathrust earthquakes. The coastal relief along tectonically active realms is shaped by the effect of sea-level variations and heterogeneous patterns of permanent tectonic deformation, which are accumulated through several cycles of megathrust earthquakes. However, the correlation between earthquake deformation patterns and the sustained long-term segmentation of forearcs, particularly in Chile, remains poorly understood. Furthermore, the methods used to estimate permanent deformation from geomorphic markers, like marine terraces, have remained qualitative and are based on unrepeatable methods. This contrasts with the increasing resolution of digital elevation models, such as Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) and high-resolution bathymetric surveys. Throughout this thesis I study permanent deformation in a holistic manner: from the methods to assess deformation rates, to the processes involved in its accumulation. My research focuses particularly on two aspects: Developing methodologies to assess permanent deformation using marine terraces, and comparing permanent deformation with seismic cycle deformation patterns under different spatial scales along the M8.8 Maule earthquake (2010) rupture zone. Two methods are developed to determine deformation rates from wave-built and wave-cut terraces respectively. I selected an archetypal example of a wave-built terrace at Santa Maria Island studying its stratigraphy and recognizing sequences of reoccupation events tied with eleven radiocarbon sample ages (14C ages). I developed a method to link patterns of reoccupation with sea-level proxies by iterating relative sea level curves for a range of uplift rates. I find the best fit between relative sea-level and the stratigraphic patterns for an uplift rate of 1.5 +- 0.3 m/ka. A Graphical User Interface named TerraceM® was developed in Matlab®. This novel software tool determines shoreline angles in wave-cut terraces under different geomorphic scenarios. To validate the methods, I select test sites in areas of available high-resolution LiDAR topography along the Maule earthquake rupture zone and in California, USA. The software allows determining the 3D location of the shoreline angle, which is a proxy for the estimation of permanent deformation rates. The method is based on linear interpolations to define the paleo platform and cliff on swath profiles. The shoreline angle is then located by intersecting these interpolations. The accuracy and precision of TerraceM® was tested by comparing its results with previous assessments, and through an experiment with students in a computer lab setting at the University of Potsdam. I combined the methods developed to analyze wave-built and wave-cut terraces to assess regional patterns of permanent deformation along the (2010) Maule earthquake rupture. Wave-built terraces are tied using 12 Infra Red Stimulated luminescence ages (IRSL ages) and shoreline angles in wave-cut terraces are estimated from 170 aligned swath profiles. The comparison of coseismic slip, interseismic coupling, and permanent deformation, leads to three areas of high permanent uplift, terrace warping, and sharp fault offsets. These three areas correlate with regions of high slip and low coupling, as well as with the spatial limit of at least eight historical megathrust ruptures (M8-9.5). I propose that the zones of upwarping at Arauco and Topocalma reflect changes in frictional properties of the megathrust, which result in discrete boundaries for the propagation of mega earthquakes. To explore the application of geomorphic markers and quantitative morphology in offshore areas I performed a local study of patterns of permanent deformation inferred from hitherto unrecognized drowned shorelines at the Arauco Bay, at the southern part of the (2010) Maule earthquake rupture zone. A multidisciplinary approach, including morphometry, sedimentology, paleontology, 3D morphoscopy, and a landscape Evolution Model is used to recognize, map, and assess local rates and patterns of permanent deformation in submarine environments. Permanent deformation patterns are then reproduced using elastic models to assess deformation rates of an active submarine splay fault defined as Santa Maria Fault System. The best fit suggests a reverse structure with a slip rate of 3.7 m/ka for the last 30 ka. The register of land level changes during the earthquake cycle at Santa Maria Island suggest that most of the deformation may be accrued through splay fault reactivation during mega earthquakes, like the (2010) Maule event. Considering a recurrence time of 150 to 200 years, as determined from historical and geological observations, slip between 0.3 and 0.7 m per event would be required to account for the 3.7 m/ka millennial slip rate. However, if the SMFS slips only every ~1000 years, representing a few megathrust earthquakes, then a slip of ~3.5 m per event would be required to account for the long- term rate. Such event would be equivalent to a magnitude ~6.7 earthquake capable to generate a local tsunami. The results of this thesis provide novel and fundamental information regarding the amount of permanent deformation accrued in the crust, and the mechanisms responsible for this accumulation at millennial time-scales along the M8.8 Maule earthquake (2010) rupture zone. Furthermore, the results of this thesis highlight the application of quantitative geomorphology and the use of repeatable methods to determine permanent deformation, improve the accuracy of marine terrace assessments, and estimates of vertical deformation rates in tectonically active coastal areas. This is vital information for adequate coastal-hazard assessments and to anticipate realistic earthquake and tsunami scenarios.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Connor2016,
  author    = {Connor, Daniel Oliver},
  title     = {Identifikation und Charakterisierung neuer immunogener Proteine und anschließende Generierung rekombinanter Antik{\"o}rper mittels Phage Display},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-104120},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {VII, 112, lv Seiten},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Seit der Einf{\"u}hrung von Antibiotika in die medizinische Behandlung von bakteriellen Infektionskrankheiten existiert ein Wettlauf zwischen der Evolution von Bakterienresistenzen und der Entwicklung wirksamer Antibiotika. W{\"a}hrend bis in die 80er Jahre verst{\"a}rkt an neuen Antibiotika geforscht wurde, gewinnen multiresistente Keime heute zunehmend die Oberhand. Um einzelne Pathogene erfolgreich nachzuweisen und zu bek{\"a}mpfen, ist ein grundlegendes Wissen {\"u}ber den Erreger unumg{\"a}nglich. Bakterielle Proteine, die bei einer Infektion vorrangig vom Immunsystem prozessiert und pr{\"a}sentiert werden, k{\"o}nnten f{\"u}r die Entwicklung von Impfstoffen oder gezielten Therapeutika n{\"u}tzlich sein. Auch f{\"u}r die Diagnostik w{\"a}ren diese immundominanten Proteine interessant. Allerdings herrscht ein Mangel an Wissen {\"u}ber spezifische Antigene vieler pathogener Bakterien, die eine eindeutige Diagnostik eines einzelnen Erregers erlauben w{\"u}rden. Daher wurden in dieser Arbeit vier verschiedene Humanpathogene mittels Phage Display untersucht: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, Borrelia burgdorferi und Clostridium difficile. Hierf{\"u}r wurden aus der genomischen DNA der vier Erreger Bibliotheken konstruiert und durch wiederholte Selektion und Amplifikation, dem sogenannten Panning, immunogene Proteine isoliert. F{\"u}r alle Erreger bis auf C. difficile wurden immunogene Proteine aus den jeweiligen Bibliotheken isoliert. Die identifizierten Proteine von N. meningitidis und B. burgdorferi waren gr{\"o}ßtenteils bekannt, konnten aber in dieser Arbeit durch Phage Display verifiziert werden. F{\"u}r N. gonorrhoeae wurden 21 potentiell immunogene Oligopeptide isoliert, von denen sechs Proteine als neue zuvor unbeschriebene Proteine mit immunogenem Charakter identifiziert wurden. Von den Phagen-pr{\"a}sentierten Oligopeptide der 21 immunogenen Proteine wurden Epitopmappings mit verschiedenen polyklonalen Antik{\"o}rpern durchgef{\"u}hrt, um immunogene Bereiche n{\"a}her zu identifizieren und zu charakterisieren. Bei zehn Proteinen wurden lineare Epitope eindeutig mit drei polyklonalen Antik{\"o}rpern identifiziert, von f{\"u}nf weiteren Proteinen waren Epitope mit mindestens einem Antik{\"o}rper detektierbar. F{\"u}r eine weitere Charakterisierung der ermittelten Epitope wurden Alaninscans durchgef{\"u}hrt, die eine detaillierte Auskunft {\"u}ber kritische Aminos{\"a}uren f{\"u}r die Bindung des Antik{\"o}rpers an das Epitop geben. Ausgehend von dem neu identifizierten Protein mit immunogenem Charakter NGO1634 wurden 26 weitere Proteine aufgrund ihrer funktionellen {\"A}hnlichkeit ausgew{\"a}hlt und mithilfe bioinformatischer Analysen auf ihre Eignung zur Entwicklung einer diagnostischen Anwendung analysiert. Durch Ausschluss der meisten Proteine aufgrund ihrer Lokalisation, Membrantopologie oder unspezifischen Proteinsequenz wurden scFv-Antik{\"o}rper gegen acht Proteine mittels Phage Display generiert und anschließend als scFv-Fc-Fusionsantik{\"o}rper produziert und charakterisiert. Die hier identifizierten Proteine und linearen Epitope k{\"o}nnten einen Ansatzpunkt f{\"u}r die Entwicklung einer diagnostischen oder therapeutischen Anwendung bieten. Lineare Epitopsequenzen werden h{\"a}ufig f{\"u}r die Impfstoffentwicklung eingesetzt, sodass vor allem die in dieser Arbeit bestimmten Epitope von Membranproteinen interessante Kandidaten f{\"u}r weitere Untersuchungen in diese Richtung sind. Durch weitere Untersuchungen k{\"o}nnten m{\"o}glicherweise unbekannte Virulenzfaktoren entdeckt werden, deren Inhibierung einen entscheidenden Einfluss auf Infektionen haben k{\"o}nnten.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Knoop2016,
  author    = {Knoop, Mats Timothy},
  title     = {Neue Polyacrylnitril-basierte, schmelzspinnbare Pr{\"a}kursoren f{\"u}r Carbonfasern},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-103972},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {VI, 143, XV},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Diese Arbeit zu Grunde liegenden Forschung zielte darauf ab, neue schmelzbare Acrylnitril-Copolymere zu entwickeln. Diese sollten im Anschluss {\"u}ber ein Schmelzspinnverfahren zur Chemiefaser geformt und im letzten Schritt zur Carbonfaser konvertiert werden. Zu diesem Zweck wurden zun{\"a}chst orientierende Untersuchungen an unterschiedlichen Copolymeren des Acrylnitril aus L{\"o}sungspolymerisation durchgef{\"u}hrt. Die Untersuchungen zeigten, dass elektrostatische Wechselwirkungen besser als sterische Abschirmung dazu geeignet sind, Schmelzbarkeit unterhalb der Zersetzungstemperatur von Polyacrylnitril zu bewirken. Aus der Vielzahl untersuchter Copolymere stellten sich jene mit Methoxyethylacrylat (MEA) als am effektivsten heraus. F{\"u}r diese Copolymere wurden sowohl die Copolymerisationsparameter bestimmt als auch die grundlegende Kinetik der L{\"o}sungspolymerisation untersucht. Die Copolymere mit MEA wurden {\"u}ber Schmelzspinnen zur Faser umgeformt und diese dann untersucht. Hierbei wurden auch Einfl{\"u}sse verschiedener Parameter, wie z.B. die der Molmasse, auf die Fasereigenschaften und -herstellung untersucht. Zuletzt wurde ein Heterophasenpolymerisationsverfahren zur Herstellung von Copolymeren aus AN/MEA entwickelt; dadurch konnten die Materialeigenschaften weiter verbessert werden. Zur Unterdr{\"u}ckung der thermoplastischen Eigenschaften der Fasern wurde ein geeignetes Verfahren entwickelt und anschließend die Konversion zu Carbonfasern durchgef{\"u}hrt.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Mey2016,
  author    = {Mey, J{\"u}rgen},
  title     = {Intermontane valley fills},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-103158},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xii, 111},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Sedimentary valley fills are a widespread characteristic of mountain belts around the world. They transiently store material over time spans ranging from thousands to millions of years and therefore play an important role in modulating the sediment flux from the orogen to the foreland and to oceanic depocenters. In most cases, their formation can be attributed to specific fluvial conditions, which are closely related to climatic and tectonic processes. Hence, valley-fill deposits constitute valuable archives that offer fundamental insight into landscape evolution, and their study may help to assess the impact of future climate change on sediment dynamics. In this thesis I analyzed intermontane valley-fill deposits to constrain different aspects of the climatic and tectonic history of mountain belts over multiple timescales. First, I developed a method to estimate the thickness distribution of valley fills using artificial neural networks (ANNs). Based on the assumption of geometrical similarity between exposed and buried parts of the landscape, this novel and highly automated technique allows reconstructing fill thickness and bedrock topography on the scale of catchments to entire mountain belts. Second, I used the new method for estimating the spatial distribution of post-glacial sediments that are stored in the entire European Alps. A comparison with data from exploratory drillings and from geophysical surveys revealed that the model reproduces the measurements with a root mean squared error (RMSE) of 70m and a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.81. I used the derived sediment thickness estimates in combination with a model of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) icecap to infer the lithospheric response to deglaciation, erosion and deposition, and deduce their relative contribution to the present-day rock-uplift rate. For a range of different lithospheric and upper mantle-material properties, the results suggest that the long-wavelength uplift signal can be explained by glacial isostatic adjustment with a small erosional contribution and a substantial but localized tectonic component exceeding 50\% in parts of the Eastern Alps and in the Swiss Rh{\^o}ne Valley. Furthermore, this study reveals the particular importance of deconvolving the potential components of rock uplift when interpreting recent movements along active orogens and how this can be used to constrain physical properties of the Earth's interior. In a third study, I used the ANN approach to estimate the sediment thickness of alluviated reaches of the Yarlung Tsangpo River, upstream of the rapidly uplifting Namche Barwa massif. This allowed my colleagues and me to reconstruct the ancient river profile of the Yarlung Tsangpo, and to show that in the past, the river had already been deeply incised into the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. Dating of basal sediments from drill cores that reached the paleo-river bed to 2-2.5 Ma are consistent with mineral cooling ages from the Namche Barwa massif, which indicate initiation of rapid uplift at ~4 Ma. Hence, formation of the Tsangpo gorge and aggradation of the voluminous valley fill was most probably a consequence of rapid uplift of the Namche Barwa massif and thus tectonic activity. The fourth and last study focuses on the interaction of fluvial and glacial processes at the southeastern edge of the Karakoram. Paleo-ice-extent indicators and remnants of a more than 400-m-thick fluvio-lacustrine valley fill point to blockage of the Shyok River, a main tributary of the upper Indus, by the Siachen Glacier, which is the largest glacier in the Karakoram Range. Field observations and 10Be exposure dating attest to a period of recurring lake formation and outburst flooding during the penultimate glaciation prior to ~110 ka. The interaction of Rivers and Glaciers all along the Karakorum is considered a key factor in landscape evolution and presumably promoted headward erosion of the Indus-Shyok drainage system into the western margin of the Tibetan Plateau. The results of this thesis highlight the strong influence of glaciation and tectonics on valley-fill formation and how this has affected the evolution of different mountain belts. In the Alps valley-fill deposition influenced the magnitude and pattern of rock uplift since ice retreat approximately 17,000 years ago. Conversely, the analyzed valley fills in the Himalaya are much older and reflect environmental conditions that prevailed at ~110 ka and ~2.5 Ma, respectively. Thus, the newly developed method has proven useful for inferring the role of sedimentary valley-fill deposits in landscape evolution on timescales ranging from 1,000 to 10,000,000 years.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{SalzwedelHeidlerHauboldetal.2016,
  author    = {Salzwedel, Annett and Heidler, Maria-Dorothea and Haubold, Kathrin and Schikora, Martin and Reibis, Rona Katharina and Wegscheider, Karl and J{\"o}bgens, Michael and V{\"o}ller, Heinz},
  title     = {Prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in employable patients after acute coronary event in cardiac rehabilitation},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-104113},
  pages     = {55 -- 60},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Introduction: Adequate cognitive function in patients is a prerequisite for successful implementation of patient education and lifestyle coping in comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs. Although the association between cardiovascular diseases and cognitive impairments (CIs) is well known, the prevalence particularly of mild CI in CR and the characteristics of affected patients have been insufficiently investigated so far. Methods: In this prospective observational study, 496 patients (54.5 ± 6.2 years, 79.8\% men) with coronary artery disease following an acute coronary event (ACE) were analyzed. Patients were enrolled within 14 days of discharge from the hospital in a 3-week inpatient CR program. Patients were tested for CI using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) upon admission to and discharge from CR. Additionally, sociodemographic, clinical, and physiological variables were documented. The data were analyzed descriptively and in a multivariate stepwise backward elimination regression model with respect to CI. Results: At admission to CR, the CI (MoCA score < 26) was determined in 182 patients (36.7\%). Significant differences between CI and no CI groups were identified, and CI group was associated with high prevalence of smoking (65.9 vs 56.7\%, P = 0.046), heavy (physically demanding) workloads (26.4 vs 17.8\%, P < 0.001), sick leave longer than 1 month prior to CR (28.6 vs 18.5\%, P = 0.026), reduced exercise capacity (102.5 vs 118.8 W, P = 0.006), and a shorter 6-min walking distance (401.7 vs 421.3 m, P = 0.021) compared to no CI group. The age- and education-adjusted model showed positive associations with CI only for sick leave more than 1 month prior to ACE (odds ratio [OR] 1.673, 95\% confidence interval 1.07-2.79; P = 0.03) and heavy workloads (OR 2.18, 95\% confidence interval 1.42-3.36; P < 0.01). Conclusion: The prevalence of CI in CR was considerably high, affecting more than one-third of cardiac patients. Besides age and education level, CI was associated with heavy workloads and a longer sick leave before ACE.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Kaltschew2016,
  author    = {Kaltschew, Kristian},
  title     = {Die politische Opposition in autorit{\"a}ren Regimen},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-103930},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {237},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Die Empirie des beginnenden 21. Jahrhunderts weist mehr autorit{\"a}re Regime aus als am Ende des 20. Jahrhunderts angenommen. Die gegenw{\"a}rtige Autoritarismusforschung versucht die Fortdauer dieses Regimetyps in Hinblick auf die politischen Institutionen zu erkl{\"a}ren - dabei bleiben politische Akteure, die nicht zum Herrschaftszentrum geh{\"o}ren, außen vor. Das vorliegende Projekt untersucht die Rolle und Funktion politischer Opposition in autorit{\"a}ren Regimen. Es wird davon ausgegangen, dass sich an der Opposition eine signifikante Charakteristik autorit{\"a}rer Regime manifestiert. Das akteurszentrierte Projekt ist der qualitativ orientierten Politikwissenschaft zuzurechnen und verkn{\"u}pft das Autoritarismuskonzept von Juan Linz mit klassischen Ans{\"a}tzen der Oppositionsforschung und macht diese Theorien f{\"u}r die gegenw{\"a}rtige Autoritarismusforschung nutzbar. Die eigens entwickelte elitenorientierte Oppositionstypologie wird am Beispiel Kenias im Zeitraum 1990-2005 angewendet. Die Oppositionsgruppen werden im Institutionengef{\"u}ge autorit{\"a}rer Regime verortet und ihr politisches Agieren in den Dimensionen Handlungsstatus, Handlungs{\"u}berzeugung und Handlungsstrategie analysiert. Unter Beachtung der historisch gewachsenen regionalen und kulturellen Spezifika wird angenommen, dass generelle, Regionen {\"u}bergreifende Aussagen zur Opposition in autorit{\"a}ren Regimen getroffen werden k{\"o}nnen: Kein Oppositionstyp kann allein einen Herrschaftswechsel bewirken. Der Wechsel bzw. die Fortdauer der Herrschaft h{\"a}ngt von der Dominanz bestimmter Oppositionstypen im Oppositionsgeflecht sowie der gleichzeitigen Schw{\"a}che anderer Oppositionstypen ab. Durch die konzeptionelle Besch{\"a}ftigung mit Opposition sowie deren empirische Erschließung soll ein substantieller Beitrag f{\"u}r die notwendige Debatte um autorit{\"a}re Regime im 21. Jahrhundert geleistet werden.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Lontsi2016,
  author    = {Lontsi, Agostiny Marrios},
  title     = {1D shallow sedimentary subsurface imaging using ambient noise and active seismic data},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-103807},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xix, 119},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {The Earth's shallow subsurface with sedimentary cover acts as a waveguide to any incoming wavefield. Within the framework of my thesis, I focused on the characterization of this shallow subsurface within tens to few hundreds of meters of sediment cover. I imaged the seismic 1D shear wave velocity (and possibly the 1D compressional wave velocity). This information is not only required for any seismic risk assessment, geotechnical engineering or microzonation activities, but also for exploration and global seismology where site effects are often neglected in seismic waveform modeling. First, the conventional frequency-wavenumber (f - k) technique is used to derive the dispersion characteristic of the propagating surface waves recorded using distinct arrays of seismometers in 1D and 2D configurations. Further, the cross-correlation technique is applied to seismic array data to estimate the Green's function between receivers pairs combination assuming one is the source and the other the receiver. With the consideration of a 1D media, the estimated cross-correlation Green's functions are sorted with interstation distance in a virtual 1D active seismic experiment. The f - k technique is then used to estimate the dispersion curves. This integrated analysis is important for the interpretation of a large bandwidth of the phase velocity dispersion curves and therefore improving the resolution of the estimated 1D Vs profile. Second, the new theoretical approach based on the Diffuse Field Assumption (DFA) is used for the interpretation of the observed microtremors H/V spectral ratio. The theory is further extended in this research work to include not only the interpretation of the H/V measured at the surface, but also the H/V measured at depths and in marine environments. A modeling and inversion of synthetic H/V spectral ratio curves on simple predefined geological structures shows an almost perfect recovery of the model parameters (mainly Vs and to a lesser extent Vp). These results are obtained after information from a receiver at depth has been considered in the inversion. Finally, the Rayleigh wave phase velocity information, estimated from array data, and the H/V(z, f) spectral ratio, estimated from a single station data, are combined and inverted for the velocity profile information. Obtained results indicate an improved depth resolution in comparison to estimations using the phase velocity dispersion curves only. The overall estimated sediment thickness is comparable to estimations obtained by inverting the full micortremor H/V spectral ratio.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Lyu2016,
  author    = {Lyu, Xiaojing},
  title     = {Operators on singular manifolds},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-103643},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {117},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {We study the interplay between analysis on manifolds with singularities and complex analysis and develop new structures of operators based on the Mellin transform and tools for iterating the calculus for higher singularities. We refer to the idea of interpreting boundary value problems (BVPs) in terms of pseudo-differential operators with a principal symbolic hierarchy, taking into account that BVPs are a source of cone and edge operator algebras. The respective cone and edge pseudo-differential algebras in turn are the starting point of higher corner theories. In addition there are deep relationships between corner operators and complex analysis. This will be illustrated by the Mellin symbolic calculus.},
  language  = {en}
}
@book{SchreiberKrahnIngallsetal.2016,
  author    = {Schreiber, Robin and Krahn, Robert and Ingalls, Daniel H. H. and Hirschfeld, Robert},
  title     = {Transmorphic},
  number    = {110},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-86956-387-9},
  issn      = {1613-5652},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-98300},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {100},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Defining Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) through functional abstractions can reduce the complexity that arises from mutable abstractions. Recent examples, such as Facebook's React GUI framework have shown, how modelling the view as a functional projection from the application state to a visual representation can reduce the number of interacting objects and thus help to improve the reliabiliy of the system. This however comes at the price of a more rigid, functional framework where programmers are forced to express visual entities with functional abstractions, detached from the way one intuitively thinks about the physical world. In contrast to that, the GUI Framework Morphic allows interactions in the graphical domain, such as grabbing, dragging or resizing of elements to evolve an application at runtime, providing liveness and directness in the development workflow. Modelling each visual entity through mutable abstractions however makes it difficult to ensure correctness when GUIs start to grow more complex. Furthermore, by evolving morphs at runtime through direct manipulation we diverge more and more from the symbolic description that corresponds to the morph. Given that both of these approaches have their merits and problems, is there a way to combine them in a meaningful way that preserves their respective benefits? As a solution for this problem, we propose to lift Morphic's concept of direct manipulation from the mutation of state to the transformation of source code. In particular, we will explore the design, implementation and integration of a bidirectional mapping between the graphical representation and a functional and declarative symbolic description of a graphical user interface within a self hosted development environment. We will present Transmorphic, a functional take on the Morphic GUI Framework, where the visual and structural properties of morphs are defined in a purely functional, declarative fashion. In Transmorphic, the developer is able to assemble different morphs at runtime through direct manipulation which is automatically translated into changes in the code of the application. In this way, the comprehensiveness and predictability of direct manipulation can be used in the context of a purely functional GUI, while the effects of the manipulation are reflected in a medium that is always in reach for the programmer and can even be used to incorporate the source transformations into the source files of the application.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{HeinzKlugeRapp2016,
  author    = {Heinz, A. and Kluge, U. and Rapp, Michael A.},
  title     = {Heritability of living in deprived neighbourhoods},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-103770},
  pages     = {1},
  year      = {2016},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{HenzeHomannRohnetal.2016,
  author    = {Henze, Andrea and Homann, Thomas and Rohn, Isabelle and Aschner, Michael A. and Link, Christopher D. and Kleuser, Burkhard and Schweigert, Florian J. and Schwerdtle, Tanja and Bornhorst, Julia},
  title     = {Caenorhabditis elegans as a model system to study post-translational modifications of human transthyretin},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-103674},
  pages     = {12},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {The visceral protein transthyretin (TTR) is frequently affected by oxidative post-translational protein modifications (PTPMs) in various diseases. Thus, better insight into structure-function relationships due to oxidative PTPMs of TTR should contribute to the understanding of pathophysiologic mechanisms. While the in vivo analysis of TTR in mammalian models is complex, time- and resource-consuming, transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans expressing hTTR provide an optimal model for the in vivo identification and characterization of drug-mediated oxidative PTPMs of hTTR by means of matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization - time of flight - mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Herein, we demonstrated that hTTR is expressed in all developmental stages of Caenorhabditis elegans, enabling the analysis of hTTR metabolism during the whole life-cycle. The suitability of the applied model was verified by exposing worms to D-penicillamine and menadione. Both drugs induced substantial changes in the oxidative PTPM pattern of hTTR. Additionally, for the first time a covalent binding of both drugs with hTTR was identified and verified by molecular modelling.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Dey2016,
  author    = {Dey, Saptarshi},
  title     = {Tectonic and climatic control on the evolution of the Himalayan mountain front},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-103390},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xii, 118},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Variations in the distribution of mass within an orogen may lead to transient sediment storage, which in turn might affect the state of stress and the level of fault activity. Distinguishing between different forcing mechanisms causing variations of sediment flux and tectonic activity, is therefore one of the most challenging tasks in understanding the spatiotemporal evolution of active mountain belts. The Himalayan mountain belt is one of the most significant Cenozoic collisional mountain belt, formed due to collision between northward-bound Indian Plate and the Eurasian Plate during the last 55-50 Ma. Ongoing convergence of these two tectonic plates is accommodated by faulting and folding within the Himalayan arc-shaped orogen and the continued lateral and vertical growth of the Tibetan Plateau and mountain belts adjacent to the plateau as well as regions farther north. Growth of the Himalayan orogen is manifested by the development of successive south-vergent thrust systems. These thrust systems divide the orogen into different morphotectonic domains. From north to south these thrusts are the Main Central Thrust (MCT), the Main Boundary Thrust (MBT) and the Main Frontal Thrust (MFT). The growing topography interacts with moisture-bearing monsoonal winds, which results in pronounced gradients in rainfall, weathering, erosion and sediment transport toward the foreland and beyond. However, a fraction of this sediment is trapped and transiently stored within the intermontane valleys or 'dun's within the lower-elevation foothills of the range. Improved understanding of the spatiotemporal evolution of these sediment archives could provide a unique opportunity to decipher the triggers of variations in sediment production, delivery and storage in an actively deforming mountain belt and support efforts to test linkages between sediment volumes in intermontane basins and changes in the shallow crustal stress field. As sediment redistribution in mountain belts on timescales of 102-104 years can effect cultural characteristics and infrastructure in the intermontane valleys and may even impact the seismotectonics of a mountain belt, there is a heightened interest in understanding sediment-routing processes and causal relationships between tectonism, climate and topography. It is here at the intersection between tectonic processes and superposed climatic and sedimentary processes in the Himalayan orogenic wedge, where my investigation is focused on. The study area is the intermontane Kangra Basin in the northwestern Sub-Himalaya, because the characteristics of the different Himalayan morphotectonic provinces are well developed, the area is part of a region strongly influenced by monsoonal forcing, and the existence of numerous fluvial terraces provides excellent strain markers to assess deformation processes within the Himalayan orogenic wedge. In addition, being located in front of the Dhauladhar Range the region is characterized by pronounced gradients in past and present-day erosion and sediment processes associated with repeatedly changing climatic conditions. In light of these conditions I analysed climate-driven late Pleistocene-Holocene sediment cycles in this tectonically active region, which may be responsible for triggering the tectonic re-organization within the Himalayan orogenic wedge, leading to out-of-sequence thrusting, at least since early Holocene. The Kangra Basin is bounded by the MBT and the Sub-Himalayan Jwalamukhi Thrust (JMT) in the north and south, respectively and transiently stores sediments derived from the Dhauladhar Range. The Basin contains ~200-m-thick conglomerates reflecting two distinct aggradation phases; following aggradation, several fluvial terraces were sculpted into these fan deposits. 10Be CRN surface exposure dating of these terrace levels provides an age of 53.4±3.2 ka for the highest-preserved terrace (AF1); subsequently, this surface was incised until ~15 ka, when the second fan (AF2) began to form. AF2 fan aggradation was superseded by episodic Holocene incision, creating at least four terrace levels. We find a correlation between variations in sediment transport and ∂18O records from regions affected by the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM). During strengthened ISMs sand post-LGM glacial retreat, aggradation occurred in the Kangra Basin, likely due to high sediment flux, whereas periods of a weakened ISM coupled with lower sediment supply coincided with renewed re-incision. However, the evolution of fluvial terraces along Sub-Himalayan streams in the Kangra sector is also forced by tectonic processes. Back-tilted, folded terraces clearly document tectonic activity of the JMT. Offset of one of the terrace levels indicates a shortening rate of 5.6±0.8 to 7.5±1.0 mm.a-1 over the last ~10 ka. Importantly, my study reveals that late Pleistocene/Holocene out-of-sequence thrusting accommodates 40-60\% of the total 14±2 mm.a-1 shortening partitioned throughout the Sub-Himalaya. Importantly, the JMT records shortening at a lower rate over longer timescales hints towards out-of-sequence activity within the Sub-Himalaya. Re-activation of the JMT could be related to changes in the tectonic stress field caused by large-scale sediment removal from the basin. I speculate that the deformation processes of the Sub-Himalaya behave according to the predictions of critical wedge model and assume the following: While >200m of sediment aggradation would trigger foreland-ward propagation of the deformation front, re-incision and removal of most of the stored sediments (nearly 80-85\% of the optimum basin-fill) would again create a sub-critical condition of the wedge taper and trigger the retreat of the deformation front. While tectonism is responsible for the longer-term processes of erosion associated with steepening hillslopes, sediment cycles in this environment are mainly the result of climatic forcing. My new 10Be cosmogenic nuclide exposure dates and a synopsis of previous studies show the late Pleistocene to Holocene alluvial fills and fluvial terraces studied here record periodic fluctuations of sediment supply and transport capacity on timescales of 1000-100000 years. To further evaluate the potential influence of climate change on these fluctuations, I compared the timing of aggradation and incision phases recorded within remnant alluvial fans and terraces with continental climate archives such as speleothems in neighboring regions affected by monsoonal precipitation. Together with previously published OSL ages yielding the timing of aggradation, I find a correlation between variations in sediment transport with oxygen-isotope records from regions affected by the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM). Accordingly, during periods of increased monsoon intensity (transitions from dry and cold to wet and warm periods - MIS4 to MIS3 and MIS2 to MIS1) (MIS=marine isotope stage) and post-Last Glacial Maximum glacial retreat, aggradation occurred in the Kangra Basin, likely due to high sediment flux. Conversely, periods of weakened monsoon intensity or lower sediment supply coincide with re-incision of the existing basin-fill. Finally, my study entails part of a low-temperature thermochronology study to assess the youngest exhumation history of the Dhauladhar Range. Zircon helium (ZHe) ages and existing low-temperature data sets (ZHe, apatite fission track (AFT)) across this range, together with 3D thermokinematic modeling (PECUBE) reveals constraints on exhumation and activity of the range-bounding Main Boundary Thrust (MBT) since at least mid-Miocene time. The modeling results indicate mean slip rates on the MBT-fault ramp of ~2 - 3 mm.a-1 since its activation. This has lead to the growth of the >5-km-high frontal Dhauladhar Range and continuous deep-seated exhumation and erosion. The obtained results also provide interesting constraints of deformation patterns and their variation along strike. The results point towards the absence of the time-transient 'mid-crustal ramp' in the basal decollement and duplexing of the Lesser Himalayan sequence, unlike the nearby regions or even the central Nepal domain. A fraction of convergence (~10-15\%) is accommodated along the deep-seated MBT-ramp, most likely merging into the MHT. This finding is crucial for a rigorous assessment of the overall level of tectonic activity in the Himalayan morphotectonic provinces as it contradicts recently-published geodetic shortening estimates. In these studies, it has been proposed that the total Himalayan shortening in the NW Himalaya is accommodated within the Sub-Himalaya whereas no tectonic activity is assigned to the MBT.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{PimenovaGoldobinRosenblumetal.2016,
  author    = {Pimenova, Anastasiya V. and Goldobin, Denis S. and Rosenblum, Michael and Pikovskij, Arkadij},
  title     = {Interplay of coupling and common noise at the transition to synchrony in oscillator populations},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-103471},
  pages     = {7},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {There are two ways to synchronize oscillators: by coupling and by common forcing, which can be pure noise. By virtue of the Ott-Antonsen ansatz for sine-coupled phase oscillators, we obtain analytically tractable equations for the case where both coupling and common noise are present. While noise always tends to synchronize the phase oscillators, the repulsive coupling can act against synchrony, and we focus on this nontrivial situation. For identical oscillators, the fully synchronous state remains stable for small repulsive coupling; moreover it is an absorbing state which always wins over the asynchronous regime. For oscillators with a distribution of natural frequencies, we report on a counter-intuitive effect of dispersion (instead of usual convergence) of the oscillators frequencies at synchrony; the latter effect disappears if noise vanishes.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{OPUS4-10309,
  title     = {Kentron : Journal zur Lehrerbildung = P{\"a}dagogische Haltung im Fokus},
  number    = {30},
  issn      = {1867-4720},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-103094},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Editorial (Dr. Roswitha Lohwaßer) ; Schon im Studium von gelingenden Schulen lernen (Jannis Andresen, Jakob Erichsen) ; Wie ein Funke {\"u}berspringt (Laura Zrenner) ; Lerneffekte unter der Lupe (Ariane Faulian) ; Die Lernreise als Ultima Ratio? (Leroy Großmann) ; Die Lernreise als Schulperspektive (Laura Zrenner) ; Teamgeist gefragt (Cornelia Br{\"u}ckner) ; Wunschberuf Lehrerin (Robin Miska) ; Gelebte Integration (Cornelia Br{\"u}ckner) ; Souver{\"a}n F{\"u}hren im Unterricht (Dr. Helga Breuninger, Marina Rottig, Prof. Dr. Wilfried Schley) ; Was lernen Lehramtsstudierende durch ein videogest{\"u}tztes Klassenmanagement-Training? (Dr. Janine Neuhaus, Mirko Wendland)},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Mazzonetto2016,
  author    = {Mazzonetto, Sara},
  title     = {On the exact simulation of (skew) Brownian diffusions with discontinuous drift},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-102399},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {ii, 100},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {This thesis is focused on the study and the exact simulation of two classes of real-valued Brownian diffusions: multi-skew Brownian motions with constant drift and Brownian diffusions whose drift admits a finite number of jumps. The skew Brownian motion was introduced in the sixties by It{\^o} and McKean, who constructed it from the reflected Brownian motion, flipping its excursions from the origin with a given probability. Such a process behaves as the original one except at the point 0, which plays the role of a semipermeable barrier. More generally, a skew diffusion with several semipermeable barriers, called multi-skew diffusion, is a diffusion everywhere except when it reaches one of the barriers, where it is partially reflected with a probability depending on that particular barrier. Clearly, a multi-skew diffusion can be characterized either as solution of a stochastic differential equation involving weighted local times (these terms providing the semi-permeability) or by its infinitesimal generator as Markov process. In this thesis we first obtain a contour integral representation for the transition semigroup of the multiskew Brownian motion with constant drift, based on a fine analysis of its complex properties. Thanks to this representation we write explicitly the transition densities of the two-skew Brownian motion with constant drift as an infinite series involving, in particular, Gaussian functions and their tails. Then we propose a new useful application of a generalization of the known rejection sampling method. Recall that this basic algorithm allows to sample from a density as soon as one finds an - easy to sample - instrumental density verifying that the ratio between the goal and the instrumental densities is a bounded function. The generalized rejection sampling method allows to sample exactly from densities for which indeed only an approximation is known. The originality of the algorithm lies in the fact that one finally samples directly from the law without any approximation, except the machine's. As an application, we sample from the transition density of the two-skew Brownian motion with or without constant drift. The instrumental density is the transition density of the Brownian motion with constant drift, and we provide an useful uniform bound for the ratio of the densities. We also present numerical simulations to study the efficiency of the algorithm. The second aim of this thesis is to develop an exact simulation algorithm for a Brownian diffusion whose drift admits several jumps. In the literature, so far only the case of a continuous drift (resp. of a drift with one finite jump) was treated. The theoretical method we give allows to deal with any finite number of discontinuities. Then we focus on the case of two jumps, using the transition densities of the two-skew Brownian motion obtained before. Various examples are presented and the efficiency of our approach is discussed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Draeger2016,
  author    = {Dr{\"a}ger, Nadine},
  title     = {Holocene climate and environmental variability in NE Germany inferred from annually laminated lake sediments},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-103037},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xv, 144 Seiten},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Understanding the role of natural climate variability under the pressure of human induced changes of climate and landscapes, is crucial to improve future projections and adaption strategies. This doctoral thesis aims to reconstruct Holocene climate and environmental changes in NE Germany based on annually laminated lake sediments. The work contributes to the ICLEA project (Integrated CLimate and Landscape Evolution Analyses). ICLEA intends to compare multiple high-resolution proxy records with independent chronologies from the N central European lowlands, in order to disentangle the impact of climate change and human land use on landscape development during the Lateglacial and Holocene. In this respect, two study sites in NE Germany are investigated in this doctoral project, Lake Tiefer See and palaeolake Wukenfurche. While both sediment records are studied with a combination of high-resolution sediment microfacies and geochemical analyses (e.g. µ-XRF, carbon geochemistry and stable isotopes), detailed proxy understanding mainly focused on the continuous 7.7 m long sediment core from Lake Tiefer See covering the last ~6000 years. Three main objectives are pursued at Lake Tiefer See: (1) to perform a reliable and independent chronology, (2) to establish microfacies and geochemical proxies as indicators for climate and environmental changes, and (3) to trace the effects of climate variability and human activity on sediment deposition. Addressing the first aim, a reliable chronology of Lake Tiefer See is compiled by using a multiple-dating concept. Varve counting and tephra findings form the chronological framework for the last ~6000 years. The good agreement with independent radiocarbon dates of terrestrial plant remains verifies the robustness of the age model. The resulting reliable and independent chronology of Lake Tiefer See and, additionally, the identification of nine tephras provide a valuable base for detailed comparison and synchronization of the Lake Tiefer See data set with other climate records. The sediment profile of Lake Tiefer See exhibits striking alternations between well-varved and non-varved sediment intervals. The combination of microfacies, geochemical and microfossil (i.e. Cladocera and diatom) analyses indicates that these changes of varve preservation are caused by variations of lake circulation in Lake Tiefer See. An exception is the well-varved sediment deposited since AD 1924, which is mainly influenced by human-induced lake eutrophication. Well-varved intervals before the 20th century are considered to reflect phases of reduced lake circulation and, consequently, stronger anoxic conditions. Instead, non-varved intervals indicate increased lake circulation in Lake Tiefer See, leading to more oxygenated conditions at the lake ground. Furthermore, lake circulation is not only influencing sediment deposition, but also geochemical processes in the lake. As, for example, the proxy meaning of δ13COM varies in time in response to changes of the oxygen regime in the lake hypolinion. During reduced lake circulation and stronger anoxic conditions δ13COM is influenced by microbial carbon cycling. In contrast, organic matter degradation controls δ13COM during phases of intensified lake circulation and more oxygenated conditions. The varve preservation indicates an increasing trend of lake circulation at Lake Tiefer See after ~4000 cal a BP. This trend is superimposed by decadal to centennial scale variability of lake circulation intensity. Comparison to other records in Central Europe suggests that the long-term trend is probably related to gradual changes in Northern Hemisphere orbital forcing, which induced colder and windier conditions in Central Europe and, therefore, reinforced lake circulation. Decadal to centennial scale periods of increased lake circulation coincide with settlement phases at Lake Tiefer See, as inferred from pollen data of the same sediment record. Deforestation reduced the wind shelter of the lake, which probably increased the sensitivity of lake circulation to wind stress. However, results of this thesis also suggest that several of these phases of increased lake circulation are additionally reinforced by climate changes. A first indication is provided by the comparison to the Baltic Sea record, which shows striking correspondence between major non-varved intervals at Lake Tiefer See and bioturbated sediments in the Baltic Sea. Furthermore, a preliminary comparison to the ICLEA study site Lake Czechowskie (N central Poland) shows a coincidence of at least three phases of increased lake circulation in both lakes, which concur with periods of known climate changes (2.8 ka event, 'Migration Period' and 'Little Ice Age'). These results suggest an additional over-regional climate forcing also on short term increased of lake circulation in Lake Tiefer See. In summary, the results of this thesis suggest that lake circulation at Lake Tiefer See is driven by a combination of long-term and short-term climate changes as well as of anthropogenic deforestation phases. Furthermore, the lake circulation drives geochemical cycles in the lake affecting the meaning of proxy data. Therefore, the work presented here expands the knowledge of climate and environmental variability in NE Germany. Furthermore, the integration of the Lake Tiefer See multi-proxy record in a regional comparison with another ICLEA side, Lake Czechowskie, enabled to better decipher climate changes and human impact on the lake system. These first results suggest a huge potential for further detailed regional comparisons to better understand palaeoclimate dynamics in N central Europe.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Dick2016,
  author    = {Dick, Uwe},
  title     = {Discriminative Classification Models for Internet Security},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-102593},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {x, 57},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Services that operate over the Internet are under constant threat of being exposed to fraudulent use. Maintaining good user experience for legitimate users often requires the classification of entities as malicious or legitimate in order to initiate countermeasures. As an example, inbound email spam filters decide for spam or non-spam. They can base their decision on both the content of each email as well as on features that summarize prior emails received from the sending server. In general, discriminative classification methods learn to distinguish positive from negative entities. Each decision for a label may be based on features of the entity and related entities. When labels of related entities have strong interdependencies---as can be assumed e.g. for emails being delivered by the same user---classification decisions should not be made independently and dependencies should be modeled in the decision function. This thesis addresses the formulation of discriminative classification problems that are tailored for the specific demands of the following three Internet security applications. Theoretical and algorithmic solutions are devised to protect an email service against flooding of user inboxes, to mitigate abusive usage of outbound email servers, and to protect web servers against distributed denial of service attacks. In the application of filtering an inbound email stream for unsolicited emails, utilizing features that go beyond each individual email's content can be valuable. Information about each sending mail server can be aggregated over time and may help in identifying unwanted emails. However, while this information will be available to the deployed email filter, some parts of the training data that are compiled by third party providers may not contain this information. The missing features have to be estimated at training time in order to learn a classification model. In this thesis an algorithm is derived that learns a decision function that integrates over a distribution of values for each missing entry. The distribution of missing values is a free parameter that is optimized to learn an optimal decision function. The outbound stream of emails of an email service provider can be separated by the customer IDs that ask for delivery. All emails that are sent by the same ID in the same period of time are related, both in content and in label. Hijacked customer accounts may send batches of unsolicited emails to other email providers, which in turn might blacklist the sender's email servers after detection of incoming spam emails. The risk of being blocked from further delivery depends on the rate of outgoing unwanted emails and the duration of high spam sending rates. An optimization problem is developed that minimizes the expected cost for the email provider by learning a decision function that assigns a limit on the sending rate to customers based on the each customer's email stream. Identifying attacking IPs during HTTP-level DDoS attacks allows to block those IPs from further accessing the web servers. DDoS attacks are usually carried out by infected clients that are members of the same botnet and show similar traffic patterns. HTTP-level attacks aim at exhausting one or more resources of the web server infrastructure, such as CPU time. If the joint set of attackers cannot increase resource usage close to the maximum capacity, no effect will be experienced by legitimate users of hosted web sites. However, if the additional load raises the computational burden towards the critical range, user experience will degrade until service may be unavailable altogether. As the loss of missing one attacker depends on block decisions for other attackers---if most other attackers are detected, not blocking one client will likely not be harmful---a structured output model has to be learned. In this thesis an algorithm is developed that learns a structured prediction decoder that searches the space of label assignments, guided by a policy. Each model is evaluated on real-world data and is compared to reference methods. The results show that modeling each classification problem according to the specific demands of the task improves performance over solutions that do not consider the constraints inherent to an application.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Heybl2016,
  author    = {Heybl, Christine},
  title     = {Der Klimawandel},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-102442},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {293},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Was ist Gerechtigkeit? Wie k{\"o}nnten gerechte Regelungen aussehen f{\"u}r die Katastrophen und Leiden, die der Klimawandel ausl{\"o}st bzw. ausl{\"o}sen wird? Diese sind h{\"a}ufig ungerecht, weil sie oft deutlich st{\"a}rker diejenigen treffen, die am wenigsten zur Klimaver{\"a}nderung beigetragen haben. Doch was genau verstehen wir unter dem Schlagwort: ‚Klimawandel'? Und kann dieser wirklich den Menschen direkt treffen? Ein kurzer naturwissenschaftlicher Abriss kl{\"a}rt hier die wichtigsten Fragen. Da es sich hierbei um eine philosophische Arbeit handelt, muss zun{\"a}chst gekl{\"a}rt werden, ob der Mensch {\"u}berhaupt die Ursache von so etwas sein kann wie z.B. der Klimaerw{\"a}rmung. Robert Spaemanns These dazu ist, dass der Mensch durch seinen freien Willen mit seinen Einzelhandlungen das Weltgeschehen ver{\"a}ndern kann. Hans Jonas f{\"u}gt dem hinzu, dass wir durch diese F{\"a}higkeit, verantwortlich sind f{\"u}r die gewollten und ungewollten Folgen unserer Handlungen. Damit w{\"a}re aus naturwissenschaftlicher Sicht (1. Teil der Arbeit) und aus philosophischer Sicht (Anfang 2. Teil) gekl{\"a}rt, dass der Mensch mit gr{\"o}ßter Wahrscheinlichkeit die Ursache des Klimawandels ist und diese Verursachung moralische Konsequenzen f{\"u}r ihn hat. Ein philosophischer Gerechtigkeitsbegriff wird aus der Kantischen Rechts- und Moralphilosophie entwickelt, weil diese die einzige ist, die dem Menschen {\"u}berhaupt ein Recht auf Rechte zusprechen kann. Diese entspringt der transzendentalen Freiheitsf{\"a}higkeit des Menschen, weshalb jedem das Recht auf Rechte absolut und immer zukommt. Gleichzeitig m{\"u}ndet Kants Philosophie wiederum in dem Freiheitsgedanken, indem Gerechtigkeit nur existiert, wenn alle Menschen gleichermaßen frei sein k{\"o}nnen. Was heißt das konkret? Wie k{\"o}nnte Gerechtigkeit in der Realit{\"a}t wirklich umgesetzt werden? Die Realisierung schl{\"a}gt zwei Grundrichtungen ein. John Rawls und Stefan Gosepath besch{\"a}ftigen sich u.a. eingehend mit der prozeduralen Gerechtigkeit, was bedeutet, dass gerechte Verfahren gefunden werden, die das gesellschaftliche Zusammenleben regeln. Das leitende Prinzip hierf{\"u}r ist vor allem: ein Mitbestimmungsrecht aller, so dass sich im Prinzip alle B{\"u}rger ihre Gesetze selbst geben und damit frei handeln. In Bezug auf den Klimawandel steht die zweite Ausrichtung im Vordergrund - die distributive oder auch Verteilungs-Gerechtigkeit. Materielle G{\"u}ter m{\"u}ssen so aufgeteilt werden, dass auch trotz empirischer Unterschiede alle Menschen als moralische Subjekte anerkannt werden und frei sein k{\"o}nnen. Doch sind diese philosophischen Schlussfolgerungen nicht viel zu abstrakt, um auf ein ebenso schwer fassbares und globales Problem wie den Klimawandel angewendet zu werden? Was k{\"o}nnte daher eine Klimagerechtigkeit sein? Es gibt viele Gerechtigkeitsprinzipien, die vorgeben, eine gerechte Grundlage f{\"u}r die Klimaprobleme zu bieten wie z.B. das Verursacherprinzip, das F{\"a}higkeitsprinzip oder das Grandfathering-Prinzip, bei dem die Hauptverursacher nach wie vor am meisten emittieren d{\"u}rfen (dieses Prinzip leitete die bisherigen internationalen Verhandlungen). Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist, herauszufinden, wie die Klimaprobleme gel{\"o}st werden k{\"o}nnen, so dass f{\"u}r alle Menschen unter allen Umst{\"a}nden die universellen Menschenrechte her- und sichergestellt werden und diese frei und moralisch handeln k{\"o}nnen. Die Schlussfolgerung dieser Arbeit ist, dass Kants Gerechtigkeitsbegriff durch eine Kombination des Subsistenzemissions-Rechts, des Greenhouse-Development-Rights-Principles (GDR-Prinzip) und einer internationalen Staatlichkeit durchgesetzt werden k{\"o}nnte. Durch das Subsistenzemissions-Recht hat jeder Mensch das Recht, so viel Energie zu verbrauchen und damit zusammenh{\"a}ngende Emissionen zu produzieren, dass er ein menschenw{\"u}rdiges Leben f{\"u}hren kann. Das GDR-Prinzip errechnet den Anteil an der weltweiten Gesamtverantwortung zum Klimaschutz eines jeden Landes oder sogar eines jeden Weltb{\"u}rgers, indem es die historischen Emissionen (Klimaschuld) zu der jetzigen finanziellen Kapazit{\"a}t des Landes/ des Individuums (Verantwortungsf{\"a}higkeit) hinzuaddiert. Die Implementierung von internationalen Gremien wird verteidigt, weil es ein globales, grenz{\"u}berschreitendes Problem ist, dessen Effekte und dessen Verantwortung globale Ausmaße haben. Ein schlagendes Argument f{\"u}r fast alle Klimaschutzmaßnahmen ist, dass sie Synergien aufweisen zu anderen gesellschaftlichen Bereichen aufweisen wie z.B. Gesundheit und Armutsbek{\"a}mpfung, in denen auch noch um die Durchsetzung unserer Menschenrechte gerungen wird. Ist dieser L{\"o}sungsansatz nicht v{\"o}llig utopisch? Dieser Vorschlag stellt f{\"u}r die internationale Gemeinschaft eine große Herausforderung dar, w{\"a}re jedoch die einzig gerechte L{\"o}sung unserer Klimaprobleme. Des Weiteren wird an dem Kantischen Handlungsgrundsatz festgehalten, dass das ewige Streben auf ideale Ziele hin, die beste Verwirklichung dieser durch menschliche, fehlbare Wesen ist.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Luettig2016,
  author    = {L{\"u}ttig, Julia},
  title     = {Protektiver Effekt von 6-Shogaol, Ellags{\"a}ure und Myrrhe auf die intestinale epitheliale Barriere},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-102571},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {IX, 108},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Viele bioaktive Pflanzeninhaltsstoffe bzw. Pflanzenmetabolite besitzen antiinflammatorische Eigenschaften. Diese versprechen ein hohes Potential f{\"u}r den Einsatz in der Phytotherapie bzw. Pr{\"a}vention von chronisch-entz{\"u}ndlichen Darmerkrankungen (CED). Eine intestinale Barrieredysfunktion ist ein typisches Charakteristikum von CED Patienten, die dadurch an akuter Diarrhoe leiden. In dieser Arbeit werden die Pflanzenkomponenten 6-Shogaol, Ellags{\"a}ure und Myrrhe an den intestinalen Kolonepithelzellmodellen HT-29/B6 und Caco-2 auf ihr Potential hin, die intestinale Barriere zu st{\"a}rken bzw. eine Barrieredysfunktion zu verhindern, untersucht. Hauptschwerpunkt der Analysen ist die parazellul{\"a}re Barrierefunktion und die Regulation der daf{\"u}r entscheidenden Proteinfamilie der Tight Junctions (TJs), der Claudine. Die Barrierefunktion wird durch Messung des transepithelialen Widerstands (TER) und der Fluxmessung in der Ussing-Kammer bestimmt. Dazu werden die HT-29/B6- und Caco-2-Monolayer mit den Pflanzenkomponenten (6-Shogaol, Ellags{\"a}ure, Myrrhe), dem proinflammatorischen Zytokin TNF-α oder der Kombination von beiden Subsztanzen f{\"u}r 24 oder 48 h behandelt. Außerdem wurden zur weiteren Charakterisierung die Expression sowie die Lokalisation der f{\"u}r die parazellul{\"a}re Barriere relevanten Claudine, die TJ-Ultrastruktur und verschiedene Signalwege analysiert. In Caco-2-Monolayern f{\"u}hrten Ellags{\"a}ure und Myrrhe, nicht aber 6-Shogaol, allein zu einem TER-Anstieg bedingt durch eine verringerte Permeabilit{\"a}t f{\"u}r Natriumionen. Myrrhe verminderte die Expression des Kationenkanal-bildenden TJ-Proteins Claudin-2 {\"u}ber die Inhibierung des PI3K/Akt-Signalweges, w{\"a}hrend Ellags{\"a}ure die Expression der TJ-Proteine Claudin-4 und -7 reduzierte. Alle Pflanzenkomponenten sch{\"u}tzten in den Caco-2-Zellen vor einer TNF-α-induzierten Barrieredysfunktion. An den HT-29/B6-Monolayern {\"a}nderte keine der Pflanzenkomponenten allein die Barrierefunktion. Die HT-29/B6-Zellen reagierten auf TNF-α mit einer deutlichen Verminderung des TER und einer erh{\"o}hten Fluoreszein-Permeabilit{\"a}t. Die TER-Abnahme war durch eine PI3K/Akt-vermittelte gesteigerte Claudin-2-Expression sowie eine NFκB-vermittelte Umverteilung des abdichtenden TJ-Proteins Claudin-1 gekennzeichnet. 6-Shogaol konnte den TER-Abfall partiell hemmen sowie die PI3K/Akt-induzierte Claudin-2-Expression und die NFκB-bedingte Claudin-1-Umverteilung verhindern. Ebenso inhibierte Myrrhe, nicht aber Ellags{\"a}ure, den TNF-α-induzierten TER-Abfall. Dabei konnte Myrrhe zwar den Claudin-2-Expressionsanstieg und die Claudin-1-Umverteilung unterbinden, jedoch weder die NFκB- noch die PI3K/Akt-Aktivierung hemmen. Diese Arbeit zeigt, dass auch STAT6 an dem Claudin-2-Expressionsanstieg durch TNF-α in HT-29/B6-Zellen beteiligt ist. So wurde durch Myrrhe die TNF-α-induzierte Phosphorylierung von STAT6 und die erh{\"o}hte Claudin-2-Expression inhibiert. Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass die Pflanzenkomponenten 6-Shogaol, Ellags{\"a}ure und Myrrhe mit unterschiedlichen Mechanismen st{\"a}rkend auf die Barriere einwirken. Zur Behandlung von intestinalen Erkrankungen mit Barrieredysfunktion k{\"o}nnten daher Kombinationspr{\"a}parate aus verschiedenen Pflanzen effektiver sein als Monopr{\"a}parate.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Sin2016,
  author    = {Sin, Celine},
  title     = {Post-transcriptional control of gene expression},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-102469},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xxv, 238},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Gene expression describes the process of making functional gene products (e.g. proteins or special RNAs) from instructions encoded in the genetic information (e.g. DNA). This process is heavily regulated, allowing cells to produce the appropriate gene products necessary for cell survival, adapting production as necessary for different cell environments. Gene expression is subject to regulation at several levels, including transcription, mRNA degradation, translation and protein degradation. When intact, this system maintains cell homeostasis, keeping the cell alive and adaptable to different environments. Malfunction in the system can result in disease states and cell death. In this dissertation, we explore several aspects of gene expression control by analyzing data from biological experiments. Most of the work following uses a common mathematical model framework based on Markov chain models to test hypotheses, predict system dynamics or elucidate network topology. Our work lies in the intersection between mathematics and biology and showcases the power of statistical data analysis and math modeling for validation and discovery of biological phenomena.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Buerger2016,
  author    = {B{\"u}rger, Arne},
  title     = {MaiStep - Mainzer Schultraining zur Essst{\"o}rungspr{\"a}vention},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-98369},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {IX, 160},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Objectives The aim of this doctoral thesis was to investigate the efficacy of a German skills-based primary prevention program for partial-syndrome and full-syndrome eating disorders (Mainzer Schultraining zur Essst{\"o}rungspr{\"a}vention (MaiStep)) in reducing eating disorder symptoms as the primary outcome and associated psychopathology as a secondary outcome. Design Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT), three-intervention-group design, with two intervention groups and one active control group with a 3-month and 12-month follow-up. Setting A project in nine schools within the state of Rhineland-Palatine, Germany; funded by the Ministry of Health and Social Affairs (MSAGD) and the Ministry of Education, Culture and Research (MBWWK). Participants 1,654 adolescents (female/male: 781/873; mean age: 13.1±0.7; BMI: 20.0±3.5) recruited from randomly selected schools. Interventions The implementation and development of the skills based program was based on a systematic review of 63 scientific articles regarding eating disorder prevention in childhood and adolescence. One intervention group was conducted by psychologists and one by trained teachers. The active control group was performed by trained teachers using a stress and addiction prevention program. Main outcome measures The primary outcome measure was the incidence of partial-syndrome and full-syndrome eating disorders after completion of the program; secondary outcomes included self-reported questionnaires about eating disorder pathology. Results MaiStep did not reveal significant group differences at 3-month follow-up but showed a significant difference between the intervention groups and the active control group for partial anorexia nervosa (CHI²(2)) = 8.74, p = .01**) and partial bulimia nervosa (CHI²(2) = 7.25, p = .02*) at 12-month follow-up. Consistent with the primary outcome, the secondary measures were even more effective in the intervention groups at 12-month follow-up. The subscales of the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI-2) drive of thinness (F (2, 355) = 3.94, p = .02*) and perfectionism (F (2, 355) = 4.19, p = .01**) and the Body Image Avoidance Questionnaire (BIAQ) (F (2, 525) = 18.79, p = .01**) showed significant differences for the intervention groups and demonstrated the effectiveness of MaiStep. Conclusions MaiStep has shown to be a successful program to prevent eating disorders in adolescents at 13 to 15 years of age. In addition, MaiStep was equally effective when conducted by teachers compared to psychologists suggesting feasibility of implementation in real world settings. Trial registration MaiStep is registered at the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00005050).},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Simon2016,
  author    = {Simon, Sebastian},
  title     = {Der Einfluss der Koordination von Spurenelementen in silikatischen und aluminosilikatischen Schmelzen auf Elementverteilungsprozesse in magmatischen Systemen},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-100932},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xviii, 138},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Das Wissen um die lokale Struktur von Seltenen Erden Elementen (SEE) in silikatischen und aluminosilikatischen Schmelzen ist von fundamentalem Interesse f{\"u}r die Geochemie der magmatischen Prozesse, speziell wenn es um ein umfassendes Verst{\"a}ndnis der Verteilungsprozesse von SEE in magmatischen Systemen geht. Es ist allgemein akzeptiert, dass die SEE-Verteilungsprozesse von Temperatur, Druck, Sauerstofffugazit{\"a}t (im Fall von polyvalenten Kationen) und der Kristallchemie kontrolliert werden. Allerdings ist wenig {\"u}ber den Einfluss der Schmelzzusammensetzung selbst bekannt. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist, eine Beziehung zwischen der Variation der SEE-Verteilung mit der Schmelzzusammensetzung und der Koordinationschemie dieser SEE in der Schmelze zu schaffen. Dazu wurden Schmelzzusammensetzungen von Prowatke und Klemme (2005), welche eine deutliche {\"A}nderung der Verteilungskoeffizienten zwischen Titanit und Schmelze ausschließlich als Funktion der Schmelzzusammensetzung zeigen, sowie haplogranitische bzw. haplobasaltische Schmelzzusammensetzungen als Vertreter magmatischer Systeme mit La, Gd, Yb und Y dotiert und als Glas synthetisiert. Die Schmelzen variierten systematisch im Aluminiums{\"a}ttigungsindex (ASI), welcher bei den Prowatke und Klemme (2005) Zusammensetzungen einen Bereich von 0.115 bis 0.768, bei den haplogranitischen Zusammensetzungen einen Bereich von 0.935 bis 1.785 und bei den haplobasaltischen Zusammensetzungen einen Bereich von 0.368 bis 1.010 abdeckt. Zus{\"a}tzlich wurden die haplogranitischen Zusammensetzungen mit 4 \% H2O synthetisiert, um den Einfluss von Wasser auf die lokale Umgebung von SEE zu studieren. Um Informationen {\"u}ber die lokalen Struktur von Gd, Yb und Y zu erhalten wurde die R{\"o}ntgenabsorptionsspektroskopie angewendet. Dabei liefert die Untersuchung der Feinstruktur mittels der EXAFS-Spektroskopie (engl. Extended X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure) quantitative Informationen {\"u}ber die lokale Umgebung, w{\"a}hrend RIXS (engl. resonant inelastic X-ray scattering), sowie die daraus extrahierte hoch aufgel{\"o}ste Nahkantenstruktur, XANES (engl. X-ray absorption near edge structure) qualitative Informationen {\"u}ber m{\"o}gliche Koordinations{\"a}nderungen von La, Gd und Yb in den Gl{\"a}sern liefert. Um m{\"o}gliche Unterschiede der lokalen Struktur oberhalb der Glastransformationstemperatur (TG) zur Raumtemperatur zu untersuchen, wurden exemplarisch Hochtemperatur Y-EXAFS Untersuchungen durchgef{\"u}hrt. F{\"u}r die Auswertung der EXAFS-Messungen wurde ein neu eingef{\"u}hrter Histogramm-Fit verwendet, der auch nicht-symmetrische bzw. nichtgaußf{\"o}rmige Paarverteilungsfunktionen beschreiben kann, wie sie bei einem hohen Grad der Polymerisierung bzw. bei hohen Temperaturen auftreten k{\"o}nnen. Die Y-EXAFS-Spektren f{\"u}r die Prowatke und Klemme (2005) Zusammensetzungen zeigen mit Zunahme des ASI, eine Zunahme der Asymmetrie und Breite der Y-O Paarverteilungsfunktion, welche sich in sich in der {\"A}nderung der Koordinationszahl von 6 nach 8 und einer Zunahme des Y-O Abstand um 0.13{\AA} manifestiert. Ein {\"a}hnlicher Trend l{\"a}sst sich auch f{\"u}r die Gd- und Yb-EXAFS-Spektren beobachten. Die hoch aufgel{\"o}sten XANESSpektren f{\"u}r La, Gd und Yb zeigen, dass sich die strukturellen Unterschiede zumindest halb-quantitativ bestimmen lassen. Dies gilt insbesondere f{\"u}r {\"A}nderungen im mittleren Abstand zu den Sauerstoffatomen. Im Vergleich zur EXAFS-Spektroskopie liefert XANES jedoch keine Informationen {\"u}ber die Form und Breite von Paarverteilungsfunktionen. Die Hochtemperatur EXAFS-Untersuchungen von Y zeigen {\"A}nderungen der lokalen Struktur oberhalb der Glas{\"u}bergangstemperatur an, welche sich vordergr{\"u}ndig auf eine thermisch induzierte Erh{\"o}hung des mittleren Y-O Abstandes zur{\"u}ckf{\"u}hren lassen. Allerdings zeigt ein Vergleich der Y-O Abst{\"a}nde f{\"u}r Zusammensetzungen mit einem ASI von 0.115 bzw. 0.755, ermittelt bei Raumtemperatur und TG, dass der im Glas beobachtete strukturelle Unterschied entlang der Zusammensetzungsserie in der Schmelze noch st{\"a}rker ausfallen kann, als bisher f{\"u}r die Gl{\"a}ser angenommen wurde. Die direkte Korrelation der Verteilungsdaten von Prowatke und Klemme (2005) mit den strukturellen {\"A}nderungen der Schmelzen offenbart f{\"u}r Y eine lineare Korrelation, wohingegen Yb und Gd eine nicht lineare Beziehung zeigen. Aufgrund seines Ionenradius und seiner Ladung wird das 6-fach koordinierte SEE in den niedriger polymerisierten Schmelzen bevorzugt durch nicht-br{\"u}ckenbildende Sauerstoffatome koordiniert, um stabile Konfigurationen zu bilden. In den h{\"o}her polymerisierten Schmelzen mit ASI-Werten in der N{\"a}he von 1 ist 6-fache Koordination nicht m{\"o}glich, da fast nur noch br{\"u}ckenbildende Sauerstoffatome zur Verf{\"u}gung stehen. Die {\"U}berbindung von br{\"u}ckenbildenden Sauerstoffatomen um das SEE wird durch Erh{\"o}hung der Koordinationszahl und des mittleren SEE-O Abstandes ausgeglichen. Dies bedeutet eine energetisch g{\"u}nstigere Konfiguration in den st{\"a}rker depolymerisierten Zusammensetzungen, aus welcher die beobachtete Variation des Verteilungskoeffizienten resultiert, welcher sich jedoch f{\"u}r jedes Element stark unterscheidet. F{\"u}r die haplogranitischen und haplobasaltischen Zusammensetzungen wurde mit Zunahme der Polymerisierung auch eine Zunahme der Koordinationszahl und des durchschnittlichen Bindungsabstands, einhergehend mit der Zunahme der Schiefe und der Asymmetrie der Paarverteilungsfunktion, beobachtet. Dies impliziert, dass das jeweilige SEE mit Zunahme der Polymerisierung auch inkompatibler in diesen Zusammensetzungen wird. Weiterhin zeigt die Zugabe von Wasser, dass die Schmelzen depolymerisieren, was in einer symmetrischeren Paarverteilungsfunktion resultiert, wodurch die Kompatibilit{\"a}t wieder zunimmt. Zusammenfassend zeigt sich, dass die Ver{\"a}nderungen der Schmelzzusammensetzungen in einer {\"A}nderung der Polymerisierung der Schmelzen resultieren, die dann einen signifikanten Einfluss auf die lokale Umgebung der SEE hat. Die strukturellen {\"A}nderungen lassen sich direkt mit Verteilungsdaten korrelieren, die Trends unterscheiden sich aber stark zwischen leichten, mittleren und schweren SEE. Allerdings konnte diese Studie zeigen, in welcher Gr{\"o}ßenordnung die {\"A}nderungen liegen m{\"u}ssen, um einen signifikanten Einfluss auf den Verteilungskoeffizenten zu haben. Weiterhin zeigt sich, dass der Einfluss der Schmelzzusammensetzung auf die Verteilung der Spurenelemente mit Zunahme der Polymerisierung steigt und daher nicht vernachl{\"a}ssigt werden darf.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Hildebrand2016,
  author    = {Hildebrand, Viet},
  title     = {Twofold switchable block copolymers based on new polyzwitterions},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-101372},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xvi, 170, LXXX},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {In complement to the well-established zwitterionic monomers 3-((2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl)dimethylammonio)propane-1-sulfonate ("SPE") and 3-((3-methacrylamidopropyl)dimethylammonio)propane-1-sulfonate ("SPP"), the closely related sulfobetaine monomers were synthesized and polymerized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, using a fluorophore labeled RAFT agent. The polyzwitterions of systematically varied molar mass were characterized with respect to their solubility in water, deuterated water, and aqueous salt solutions. These poly(sulfobetaine)s show thermoresponsive behavior in water, exhibiting upper critical solution temperatures (UCST). Phase transition temperatures depend notably on the molar mass and polymer concentration, and are much higher in D2O than in H2O. Also, the phase transition temperatures are effectively modulated by the addition of salts. The individual effects can be in parts correlated to the Hofmeister series for the anions studied. Still, they depend in a complex way on the concentration and the nature of the added electrolytes, on the one hand, and on the detailed structure of the zwitterionic side chain, on the other hand. For the polymers with the same zwitterionic side chain, it is found that methacrylamide-based poly(sulfobetaine)s exhibit higher UCST-type transition temperatures than their methacrylate analogs. The extension of the distance between polymerizable unit and zwitterionic groups from 2 to 3 methylene units decreases the UCST-type transition temperatures. Poly(sulfobetaine)s derived from aliphatic esters show higher UCST-type transition temperatures than their analogs featuring cyclic ammonium cations. The UCST-type transition temperatures increase markedly with spacer length separating the cationic and anionic moieties from 3 to 4 methylene units. Thus, apparently small variations of their chemical structure strongly affect the phase behavior of the polyzwitterions in specific aqueous environments. Water-soluble block copolymers were prepared from the zwitterionic monomers and the non-ionic monomer N-isopropylmethacrylamide ("NIPMAM") by the RAFT polymerization. Such block copolymers with two hydrophilic blocks exhibit twofold thermoresponsive behavior in water. The poly(sulfobetaine) block shows an UCST, whereas the poly(NIPMAM) block exhibits a lower critical solution temperature (LCST). This constellation induces a structure inversion of the solvophobic aggregate, called "schizophrenic micelle". Depending on the relative positions of the two different phase transitions, the block copolymer passes through a molecularly dissolved or an insoluble intermediate regime, which can be modulated by the polymer concentration or by the addition of salt. Whereas, at low temperature, the poly(sulfobetaine) block forms polar aggregates that are kept in solution by the poly(NIPMAM) block, at high temperature, the poly(NIPMAM) block forms hydrophobic aggregates that are kept in solution by the poly(sulfobetaine) block. Thus, aggregates can be prepared in water, which switch reversibly their "inside" to the "outside", and vice versa.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Herenz2016,
  author    = {Herenz, Edmund Christian},
  title     = {Detecting and understanding extragalactic Lyman α emission using 3D spectroscopy},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-102341},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {175},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {In this thesis we use integral-field spectroscopy to detect and understand of Lyman α (Lyα) emission from high-redshift galaxies. Intrinsically the Lyα emission at λ = 1216 {\AA} is the strongest recombination line from galaxies. It arises from the 2p → 1s transition in hydrogen. In star-forming galaxies the line is powered by ionisation of the interstellar gas by hot O- and B- stars. Galaxies with star-formation rates of 1 - 10 Msol/year are expected to have Lyα luminosities of 42 dex - 43 dex (erg/s), corresponding to fluxes ~ -17 dex - -18 dex (erg/s/cm²) at redshifts z~3, where Lyα is easily accessible with ground-based telescopes. However, star-forming galaxies do not show these expected Lyα fluxes. Primarily this is a consequence of the high-absorption cross-section of neutral hydrogen for Lyα photons σ ~ -14 dex (cm²). Therefore, in typical interstellar environments Lyα photons have to undergo a complex radiative transfer. The exact conditions under which Lyα photons can escape a galaxy are poorly understood. Here we present results from three observational projects. In Chapter 2, we show integral field spectroscopic observations of 14 nearby star-forming galaxies in Balmer α radiation (Hα, λ = 6562.8 {\AA}). These observations were obtained with the Potsdam Multi Aperture Spectrophotometer at the Calar-Alto 3.5m Telescope}. Hα directly traces the intrinsic Lyα radiation field. We present Hα velocity fields and velocity dispersion maps spatially registered onto Hubble Space Telescope Lyα and Hα images. From our observations, we conjecture a causal connection between spatially resolved Hα kinematics and Lyα photometry for individual galaxies. Statistically, we find that dispersion-dominated galaxies are more likely to emit Lyα photons than galaxies where ordered gas-motions dominate. This result indicates that turbulence in actively star-forming systems favours an escape of Lyα radiation. Not only massive stars can power Lyα radiation, but also non-thermal emission from an accreting super-massive black hole in the galaxy centre. If a galaxy harbours such an active galactic nucleus, the rate of hydrogen-ionising photons can be more than 1000 times higher than that of a typical star-forming galaxy. This radiation can potentially ionise large regions well outside the main stellar body of galaxies. Therefore, it is expected that the neutral hydrogen from these circum-galactic regions shines fluorescently in Lyα. Circum-galactic gas plays a crucial role in galaxy formation. It may act as a reservoir for fuelling star formation, and it is also subject to feedback processes that expel galactic material. If Lyα emission from this circum-galactic medium (CGM) was detected, these important processes could be studied in-situ around high-z galaxies. In Chapter 3, we show observations of five radio-quiet quasars with PMAS to search for possible extended CGM emission in the Lyα line. However, in four of the five objects, we find no significant traces of this emission. In the fifth object, there is evidence for a weak and spatially quite compact Lyα excess at several kpc outside the nucleus. The faintness of these structures is consistent with the idea that radio-quiet quasars typically reside in dark matter haloes of modest masses. While we were not able to detect Lyα CGM emission, our upper limits provide constraints for the new generation of IFS instruments at 8--10m class telescopes. The Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) at ESOs Very Large Telescopeis such an unique instrument. One of the main motivating drivers in its construction was the use as a survey instrument for Lyα emitting galaxies at high-z. Currently, we are conducting such a survey that will cover a total area of ~100 square arcminutes with 1 hour exposures for each 1 square arcminute MUSE pointing. As a first result from this survey we present in Chapter 5 a catalogue of 831 emission-line selected galaxies from a 22.2 square arcminute region in the Chandra Deep Field South. In order to construct the catalogue, we developed and implemented a novel source detection algorithm -- LSDCat -- based on matched filtering for line emission in 3D spectroscopic datasets (Chapter 4). Our catalogue contains 237 Lyα emitting galaxies in the redshift range 3 ≲ z ≲ 6. Only four of those previously had spectroscopic redshifts in the literature. We conclude this thesis with an outlook on the construction of a Lyα luminosity function based on this unique sample (Chapter 6).},
  language  = {en}
}
@unpublished{PrasseGrubenMachlikaetal.2016,
  author    = {Prasse, Paul and Gruben, Gerrit and Machlika, Lukas and Pevny, Tomas and Sofka, Michal and Scheffer, Tobias},
  title     = {Malware Detection by HTTPS Traffic Analysis},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-100942},
  pages     = {10},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {In order to evade detection by network-traffic analysis, a growing proportion of malware uses the encrypted HTTPS protocol. We explore the problem of detecting malware on client computers based on HTTPS traffic analysis. In this setting, malware has to be detected based on the host IP address, ports, timestamp, and data volume information of TCP/IP packets that are sent and received by all the applications on the client. We develop a scalable protocol that allows us to collect network flows of known malicious and benign applications as training data and derive a malware-detection method based on a neural networks and sequence classification. We study the method's ability to detect known and new, unknown malware in a large-scale empirical study.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Harding2016,
  author    = {Harding, Eleanor Elizabeth},
  title     = {Neurocognitive entrainment to meter influences syntactic comprehension in music and language},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-102258},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {vi, 318},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Meter and syntax have overlapping elements in music and speech domains, and individual differences have been documented in both meter perception and syntactic comprehension paradigms. Previous evidence insinuated but never fully explored the relationship that metrical structure has to syntactic comprehension, the comparability of these processes across music and language domains, and the respective role of individual differences. This dissertation aimed to investigate neurocognitive entrainment to meter in music and language, the impact that neurocognitive entrainment had on syntactic comprehension, and whether individual differences in musical expertise, temporal perception and working memory played a role during these processes. A theoretical framework was developed, which linked neural entrainment, cognitive entrainment, and syntactic comprehension while detailing previously documented effects of individual differences on meter perception and syntactic comprehension. The framework was developed in both music and language domains and was tested using behavioral and EEG methods across three studies (seven experiments). In order to satisfy empirical evaluation of neurocognitive entrainment and syntactic aspects of the framework, original melodies and sentences were composed. Each item had four permutations: regular and irregular metricality, based on the hierarchical organization of strong and weak notes and syllables, and preferred and non-preferred syntax, based on structurally alternate endings. The framework predicted — for both music and language domains — greater neurocognitive entrainment in regular compared to irregular metricality conditions, and accordingly, better syntactic integration in regular compared to irregular metricality conditions. Individual differences among participants were expected for both entrainment and syntactic processes. Altogether, the dissertation was able to support a holistic account of neurocognitive entrainment to musical meter and its subsequent influence on syntactic integration of melodies, with musician participants. The theoretical predictions were not upheld in the language domain with musician participants, but initial behavioral evidence in combination with previous EEG evidence suggest that perhaps non-musician language EEG data would support the framework's predictions. Musicians' deviation from hypothesized results in the language domain were suspected to reflect heightened perception of acoustic features stemming from musical training, which caused current 'overly' regular stimuli to distract the cognitive system. The individual-differences approach was vindicated by the surfacing of two factors scores, Verbal Working Memory and Time and Pitch Discrimination, which in turn correlated with multiple experimental data across the three studies.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Shikangalah2016,
  author    = {Shikangalah, Rosemary Ndawapeka},
  title     = {An ecohydrological impact assessment in urban areas},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-102356},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {ii, 105},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Over the last decades, the world's population has been growing at a faster rate, resulting in increased urbanisation, especially in developing countries. More than half of the global population currently lives in urbanised areas with an increasing tendency. The growth of cities results in a significant loss of vegetation cover, soil compaction and sealing of the soil surface which in turn results in high surface runoff during high-intensity storms and causes the problem of accelerated soil water erosion on streets and building grounds. Accelerated soil water erosion is a serious environmental problem in cities as it gives rise to the contamination of aquatic bodies, reduction of ground water recharge and increase in land degradation, and also results in damages to urban infrastructures, including drainage systems, houses and roads. Understanding the problem of water erosion in urban settings is essential for the sustainable planning and management of cities prone to water erosion. However, in spite of the vast existence of scientific literature on water erosion in rural regions, a concrete understanding of the underlying dynamics of urban erosion still remains inadequate for the urban dryland environments. This study aimed at assessing water erosion and the associated socio-environmental determinants in a typical dryland urban area and used the city of Windhoek, Namibia, as a case study. The study used a multidisciplinary approach to assess the problem of water erosion. This included an in depth literature review on current research approaches and challenges of urban erosion, a field survey method for the quantification of the spatial extent of urban erosion in the dryland city of Windhoek, and face to face interviews by using semi-structured questionnaires to analyse the perceptions of stakeholders on urban erosion. The review revealed that around 64\% of the literatures reviewed were conducted in the developed world, and very few researches were carried out in regions with extreme climate, including dryland regions. Furthermore, the applied methods for erosion quantification and monitoring are not inclusive of urban typical features and they are not specific for urban areas. The reviewed literature also lacked aspects aimed at addressing the issues of climate change and policies regarding erosion in cities. In a field study, the spatial extent and severity of an urban dryland city, Windhoek, was quantified and the results show that nearly 56\% of the city is affected by water erosion showing signs of accelerated erosion in the form of rills and gullies, which occurred mainly in the underdeveloped, informal and semi-formal areas of the city. Factors influencing the extent of erosion in Windhoek included vegetation cover and type, socio-urban factors and to a lesser extent slope estimates. A comparison of an interpolated field survey erosion map with a conventional erosion assessment tool (the Universal Soil Loss Equation) depicted a large deviation in spatial patterns, which underlines the inappropriateness of traditional non-urban erosion tools to urban settings and emphasises the need to develop new erosion assessment and management methods for urban environments. It was concluded that measures for controlling water erosion in the city need to be site-specific as the extent of erosion varied largely across the city. The study also analysed the perceptions and understanding of stakeholders of urban water erosion in Windhoek, by interviewing 41 stakeholders using semi-structured questionnaires. The analysis addressed their understanding of water erosion dynamics, their perceptions with regards to the causes and the seriousness of erosion damages, and their attitudes towards the responsibilities for urban erosion. The results indicated that there is less awareness of the process as a phenomenon, instead there is more awareness of erosion damages and the factors contributing to the damages. About 69\% of the stakeholders considered erosion damages to be ranging from moderate to very serious. However, there were notable disparities between the private householders and public authority groups. The study further found that the stakeholders have no clear understanding of their responsibilities towards the management of the control measures and payment for the damages. The private householders and local authority sectors pointed fingers at each other for the responsibilities for erosion damage payments and for putting up prevention measures. The reluctance to take responsibility could create a predicament for areas affected, specifically in the informal settlements where land management is not carried out by the local authority and land is not owned by the occupants. The study concluded that in order to combat urban erosion, it is crucial to understand diverse dynamics aggravating the process of urbanisation from different scales. Accordingly, the study suggests that there is an urgent need for the development of urban-specific approaches that aim at: (a) incorporating the diverse socio-economic-environmental aspects influencing erosion, (b) scientifically improving natural cycles that influence water storages and nutrients for plants in urbanised dryland areas in order to increase the amount of vegetation cover, (c) making use of high resolution satellite images to improve the adopted methods for assessing urban erosion, (d) developing water erosion policies, and (e) continuously monitoring the impact of erosion and the influencing processes from local, national and international levels.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Steeples2016,
  author    = {Steeples, Elliot},
  title     = {Amino acid-derived imidazolium salts: platform molecules for N-Heterocyclic carbene metal complexes and organosilica materials},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-101861},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {139},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {In the interest of producing functional catalysts from sustainable building-blocks, 1, 3-dicarboxylate imidazolium salts derived from amino acids were successfully modified to be suitable as N-Heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands within metal complexes. Complexes of Ag(I), Pd(II), and Ir(I) were successfully produced using known procedures using ligands derived from glycine, alanine, β-alanine and phenylalanine. The complexes were characterized in solid state using X-Ray crystallography, which allowed for the steric and electronic comparison of these ligands to well-known NHC ligands within analogous metal complexes. The palladium complexes were tested as catalysts for aqueous-phase Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling. Water-solubility could be induced via ester hydrolysis of the N-bound groups in the presence of base. The mono-NHC-Pd complexes were seen to be highly active in the coupling of aryl bromides with phenylboronic acid; the active catalyst of which was determined to be mostly Pd(0) nanoparticles. Kinetic studies determined that reaction proceeds quickly in the coupling of bromoacetophenone, for both pre-hydrolyzed and in-situ hydrolysis catalyst dissolution. The catalyst could also be recycled for an extra run by simply re-using the aqueous layer. The imidazolium salts were also used to produce organosilica hybrid materials. This was attempted via two methods: by post-grafting onto a commercial organosilica, and co-condensation of the corresponding organosilane. The co-condensation technique harbours potential for the production of solid-support catalysts.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Wang2016,
  author    = {Wang, Victor-C.},
  title     = {Injury and illness risk factors for elite athletes in training environment},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-100925},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {viii, 84, ix},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Since 1998, elite athletes' sport injuries have been monitored in single sport event, which leads to the development of first comprehensive injury surveillance system in multi-sport Olympic Games in 2008. However, injury and illness occurred in training phases have not been systematically studied due to its multi-facets, potentially interactive risk related factors. The present thesis aim to address issues of feasibility of establishing a validated measure for injury/illness, training environment and psychosocial risk factors by creating the evaluation tool namely risk of injury questionnaire (Risk-IQ) for elite athletes, which based on IOC consensus statement 2009 recommended content of preparticipation evaluation(PPE) and periodic health exam (PHE). A total of 335 top level athletes and a total of 88 medical care providers from Germany and Taiwan participated in tow "cross-sectional plus longitudinal" Risk-IQ and MCPQ surveys respectively. Four categories of injury/illness related risk factors questions were asked in Risk-IQ for athletes while injury risk and psychological related questions were asked in MCPQ for MCP cohorts. Answers were quantified scales wise/subscales wise before analyzed with other factors/scales. In addition, adapted variables such as sport format were introduced for difference task of analysis. Validated with 2-wyas translation and test-retest reliabilities, the Risk-IQ was proved to be in good standard which were further confirmed by analyzed results from official surveys in both Germany and Taiwan. The result of Risk-IQ revealed that elite athletes' accumulated total injuries, in general, were multi-factor dependent; influencing factors including but not limited to background experiences, medical history, PHE and PPE medical resources as well as stress from life events. Injuries of different body parts were sport format and location specific. Additionally, medical support of PPE and PHE indicated significant difference between German and Taiwan. The result of the present thesis confirmed that it is feasible to construct a comprehensive evalua-tion instrument for heterogeneous elite athletes cohorts' risk factor analysis for injury/illness oc-curred during their non-competition periods. In average and with many moderators involved, Ger-man elite athletes have superior medical care support yet suffered more severe injuries than Tai-wanese counterparts. Opinions of injury related psychological issues reflected differently on vari-ous MCP groups irrespective of different nationalities. In general, influencing factors and interac-tions existed among relevant factors in both studies which implied further investigation with multiple regression analysis is needed for better understanding.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Pampel2016,
  author    = {Pampel, Jonas},
  title     = {Ionothermal carbon materials},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-101323},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {122, xlv},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Alternative concepts for energy storage and conversion have to be developed, optimized and employed to fulfill the dream of a fossil-independent energy economy. Porous carbon materials play a major role in many energy-related devices. Among different characteristics, distinct porosity features, e.g., specific surface area (SSA), total pore volume (TPV), and the pore size distribution (PSD), are important to maximize the performance in the final device. In order to approach the aim to synthesize carbon materials with tailor-made porosity in a sustainable fashion, the present thesis focused on biomass-derived precursors employing and developing the ionothermal carbonization. During the ionothermal carbonization, a salt melt simultaneously serves as solvent and porogen. Typically, eutectic mixtures containing zinc chloride are employed as salt phase. The first topic of the present thesis addressed the possibility to precisely tailor the porosity of ionothermal carbon materials by an experimentally simple variation of the molar composition of the binary salt mixture. The developed pore tuning tool allowed the synthesis of glucose derived carbon materials with predictable SSAs in the range of ~ 900 to ~ 2100 m2 g-1. Moreover, the nucleobase adenine was employed as precursor introducing nitrogen functionalities in the final material. Thereby, the chemical properties of the carbon materials are varied leading to new application fields. Nitrogen doped carbons (NDCs) are able to catalyze the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) which takes place on the cathodic site of a fuel cell. The herein developed porosity tailoring allowed the synthesis of adenine derived NDCs with outstanding SSAs of up to 2900 m2 g-1 and very large TPV of 5.19 cm3 g-1. Furthermore, the influence of the porosity on the ORR could be directly investigated enabling the precise optimization of the porosity characteristics of NDCs for this application. The second topic addressed the development of a new method to investigate the not-yet unraveled mechanism of the oxygen reduction reaction using a rotating disc electrode setup. The focus was put on noble-metal free catalysts. The results showed that the reaction pathway of the investigated catalysts is pH-dependent indicating different active species at different pH-values. The third topic addressed the expansion of the used salts for the ionothermal approach towards hydrated calcium and magnesium chloride. It was shown that hydrated salt phases allowed the introduction of a secondary templating effect which was connected to the coexistence of liquid and solid salt phases. The method enabled the synthesis of fibrous NDCs with SSAs of up to 2780 m2 g-1 and very large TPV of 3.86 cm3 g-1. Moreover, the concept of active site implementation by a facile low-temperature metalation employing the obtained NDCs as solid ligands could be shown for the first time in the context of ORR. Overall, the thesis may pave the way towards highly porous carbon with tailor-made porosity materials prepared by an inexpensive and sustainable pathway, which can be applied in energy related field thereby supporting the needed expansion of the renewable energy sector.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Goychuk2016,
  author    = {Goychuk, Igor},
  title     = {Quantum ergodicity breaking in semi-classical electron transfer dynamics},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-102264},
  pages     = {11},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Can the statistical properties of single-electron transfer events be correctly predicted within a common equilibrium ensemble description? This fundamental in nanoworld question of ergodic behavior is scrutinized within a very basic semi-classical curve-crossing problem. It is shown that in the limit of non-adiabatic electron transfer (weak tunneling) well-described by the Marcus-Levich-Dogonadze(MLD) rate the answer is yes. However, in the limit of the so-called solvent-controlled adiabatic electron transfer, a profound breaking of ergodicity occurs. Namely, a common description based on the ensemble reduced density matrix with an initial equilibrium distribution of the reaction coordinate is not able to reproduce the statistics of single-trajectory events in this seemingly classical regime. For sufficiently large activation barriers, the ensemble survival probability in a state remains nearly exponential with the inverse rate given by the sum of the adiabatic curve crossing (Kramers) time and the inverse MLD rate. In contrast, near to the adiabatic regime, the single-electron survival probability is clearly non-exponential, even though it possesses an exponential tail which agrees well with the ensemble description. Initially, it is well described by a Mittag-Leffler distribution with a fractional rate. Paradoxically, the mean transfer time in this classical on the ensemble level regime is well described by the inverse of the nonadiabatic quantum tunneling rate on a single particle level. An analytical theory is developed which perfectly agrees with stochastic simulations and explains our findings.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{HildebrandLaschewskyPaechetal.2016,
  author    = {Hildebrand, Viet and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and P{\"a}ch, Michael and M{\"u}ller-Buschbaum, Peter and Papadakis, Christine M.},
  title     = {Effect of the zwitterion structure on the thermo-responsive behaviour of poly(sulfobetaine methacrylates)},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-102028},
  pages     = {13},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {A series of new sulfobetaine methacrylates, including nitrogen-containing saturated heterocycles, was synthesised by systematically varying the substituents of the zwitterionic group. Radical polymerisation via the RAFT (reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer) method in trifluoroethanol proceeded smoothly and was well controlled, yielding polymers with predictable molar masses. Molar mass analysis and control of the end-group fidelity were facilitated by end-group labeling with a fluorescent dye. The polymers showed distinct thermo-responsive behaviour of the UCST (upper critical solution temperature) type in an aqueous solution, which could not be simply correlated to their molecular structure via an incremental analysis of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic elements incorporated within them. Increasing the spacer length separating the ammonium and the sulfonate groups of the zwitterion moiety from three to four carbons increased the phase transition temperatures markedly, whereas increasing the length of the spacer separating the ammonium group and the carboxylate ester group on the backbone from two to three carbons provoked the opposite effect. Moreover, the phase transition temperatures of the analogous polyzwitterions decreased in the order dimethylammonio > morpholinio > piperidinio alkanesulfonates. In addition to the basic effect of the polymers' precise molecular structure, the concentration and the molar mass dependence of the phase transition temperatures were studied. Furthermore, we investigated the influence of added low molar mass salts on the aqueous-phase behaviour for sodium chloride and sodium bromide as well as sodium and ammonium sulfate. The strong effects evolved in a complex way with the salt concentration. The strength of these effects depended on the nature of the anion added, increasing in the order sulfate < chloride < bromide, thus following the empirical Hofmeister series. In contrast, no significant differences were observed when changing the cation, i.e. when adding sodium or ammonium sulfate.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Mueller2016,
  author    = {M{\"u}ller, Maximilian},
  title     = {Organisationsmodelle f{\"u}r Beschaffung, Betrieb und Finanzierung von Lufttransportkapazit{\"a}ten in der internationalen Katastrophenhilfe},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-101021},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {ix, 229},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Die Dissertation befasst sich mit der Organisation von humanit{\"a}ren Lufttransporten bei internationalen Katastrophen. Diese Fl{\"u}ge finden immer dann statt, wenn die eigene Hilfeleistungsf{\"a}higkeit der von Katastrophen betroffenen Regionen {\"u}berfordert ist und Hilfe aus dem Ausland angefordert wird. Bei jedem der darauffolgenden Hilfseins{\"a}tze stehen Hilfsorganisationen und weitere mit der Katastrophenhilfe beteiligte Akteure erneut vor der Herausforderung, in k{\"u}rzester Zeit eine logistische Kette aufzubauen, damit die G{\"u}ter zum richtigen Zeitpunkt in der richtigen Menge am richtigen Ort eintreffen. Humanit{\"a}re Lufttransporte werden in der Regel als Charterfl{\"u}ge organisiert und finden auf langen Strecken zu Zielen statt, die nicht selten abseits der hochfrequentierten Warenstr{\"o}me liegen. Am Markt ist das Angebot f{\"u}r derartige Transportdienstleistungen nicht gesichert verf{\"u}gbar und unter Umst{\"a}nden m{\"u}ssen Hilfsorganisationen warten bis Kapazit{\"a}ten mit geeigneten Flugzeugen zur Verf{\"u}gung stehen. Auch qualitativ sind die Anforderungen von Hilfsorganisationen an die Hilfsg{\"u}tertransporte h{\"o}her als im regul{\"a}ren Linientransport. Im Rahmen der Dissertation wird ein alternatives Organisationsmodell f{\"u}r die Beschaffung und den Betrieb sowie die Finanzierung von humanit{\"a}ren Lufttransporten aufgebaut. Dabei wird die gesicherte Verf{\"u}gbarkeit von besonders flexibel einsetzbaren Flugzeugen in Betracht gezogen, mit deren Hilfe die Qualit{\"a}t und insbesondere die Planbarkeit der Hilfeleistung verbessert werden k{\"o}nnte. Ein idealtypisches Modell wird hier durch die Kopplung der Kollektivg{\"u}tertheorie, die der Finanzwissenschaft zuzuordnen ist, mit der Vertragstheorie als Bestandteil der Neuen Institutionen{\"o}konomik erarbeitet. Empirische Beitr{\"a}ge zur Vertragstheorie bem{\"a}ngeln, dass es bei der Beschaffung von transaktionsspezifischen Investitionsg{\"u}tern, wie etwa Flugzeugen mit besonderen Eigenschaften, aufgrund von Risiken und Umweltunsicherheiten zu ineffizienten L{\"o}sungen zwischen Vertragspartnern kommt. Die vorliegende Dissertation zeigt eine M{\"o}glichkeit auf, wie durch Aufbau einer gemeinsamen Informationsbasis ex-ante, also vor Vertragsschluss, Risiken und Umweltunsicherheiten reduziert werden k{\"o}nnen. Dies geschieht durch eine temporale Erweiterung eines empirischen Modells zur Bestimmung der Organisationsform bei transaktionsspezifischen Investitionsg{\"u}tern aus der Regulierungs{\"o}konomik. Die Arbeitet leistet dar{\"u}ber hinaus einen Beitrag zur Steigerung der Effizienz in der humanit{\"a}ren Logistik durch die fallspezifische Betrachtung von horizontalen Kooperationen und Professionalisierung der Hilfeleistung im Bereich der humanit{\"a}ren Luftfahrt.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Hohenbrink2016,
  author    = {Hohenbrink, Tobias Ludwig},
  title     = {Turning a problem into a solution: heterogeneities in soil hydrology},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-101485},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {x, 123},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {It is commonly recognized that soil moisture exhibits spatial heterogeneities occurring in a wide range of scales. These heterogeneities are caused by different factors ranging from soil structure at the plot scale to land use at the landscape scale. There is an urgent need for effi-cient approaches to deal with soil moisture heterogeneity at large scales, where manage-ment decisions are usually made. The aim of this dissertation was to test innovative ap-proaches for making efficient use of standard soil hydrological data in order to assess seep-age rates and main controls on observed hydrological behavior, including the role of soil het-erogeneities. As a first step, the applicability of a simplified Buckingham-Darcy method to estimate deep seepage fluxes from point information of soil moisture dynamics was assessed. This was done in a numerical experiment considering a broad range of soil textures and textural het-erogeneities. The method performed well for most soil texture classes. However, in pure sand where seepage fluxes were dominated by heterogeneous flow fields it turned out to be not applicable, because it simply neglects the effect of water flow heterogeneity. In this study a need for new efficient approaches to handle heterogeneities in one-dimensional water flux models was identified. As a further step, an approach to turn the problem of soil moisture heterogeneity into a solu-tion was presented: Principal component analysis was applied to make use of the variability among soil moisture time series for analyzing apparently complex soil hydrological systems. It can be used for identifying the main controls on the hydrological behavior, quantifying their relevance, and describing their particular effects by functional averaged time series. The ap-proach was firstly tested with soil moisture time series simulated for different texture classes in homogeneous and heterogeneous model domains. Afterwards, it was applied to 57 mois-ture time series measured in a multifactorial long term field experiment in Northeast Germa-ny. The dimensionality of both data sets was rather low, because more than 85 \% of the total moisture variance could already be explained by the hydrological input signal and by signal transformation with soil depth. The perspective of signal transformation, i.e. analyzing how hydrological input signals (e.g., rainfall, snow melt) propagate through the vadose zone, turned out to be a valuable supplement to the common mass flux considerations. Neither different textures nor spatial heterogeneities affected the general kind of signal transfor-mation showing that complex spatial structures do not necessarily evoke a complex hydro-logical behavior. In case of the field measured data another 3.6\% of the total variance was unambiguously explained by different cropping systems. Additionally, it was shown that dif-ferent soil tillage practices did not affect the soil moisture dynamics at all. The presented approach does not require a priori assumptions about the nature of physical processes, and it is not restricted to specific scales. Thus, it opens various possibilities to in-corporate the key information from monitoring data sets into the modeling exercise and thereby reduce model uncertainties.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{PavlenkoSanderMitzscherlingetal.2016,
  author    = {Pavlenko, Elena S. and Sander, Mathias and Mitzscherling, Steffen and Pudell, Jan-Etienne and Zamponi, Flavio and R{\"o}ssle, Matthias and Bojahr, Andre and Bargheer, Matias},
  title     = {Azobenzene - functionalized polyelectrolyte nanolayers as ultrafast optoacoustic transducers},
  volume    = {8},
  doi       = {10.1039/C6NR01448H},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-101996},
  pages     = {13297 -- 13302},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {We introduce azobenzene-functionalized polyelectrolyte multilayers as efficient, inexpensive optoacoustic transducers for hyper-sound strain waves in the GHz range. By picosecond transient reflectivity measurements we study the creation of nanoscale strain waves, their reflection from interfaces, damping by scattering from nanoparticles and propagation in soft and hard adjacent materials like polymer layers, quartz and mica. The amplitude of the generated strain ε ∼ 5 × 10-4 is calibrated by ultrafast X-ray diffraction.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{KempertGoetzBlatteretal.2016,
  author    = {Kempert, Sebastian Benjamin and G{\"o}tz, Regina and Blatter, Kristine and Tibken, Catharina and Artelt, Cordula and Schneider, Wolfgang and Stanat, Petra},
  title     = {Training Early Literacy Related Skills},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-101943},
  pages     = {16},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Well-developed phonological awareness skills are a core prerequisite for early literacy development. Although effective phonological awareness training programs exist, children at risk often do not reach similar levels of phonological awareness after the intervention as children with normally developed skills. Based on theoretical considerations and first promising results the present study explores effects of an early musical training in combination with a conventional phonological training in children with weak phonological awareness skills. Using a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design and measurements across a period of 2 years, we tested the effects of two interventions: a consecutive combination of a musical and a phonological training and a phonological training alone. The design made it possible to disentangle effects of the musical training alone as well the effects of its combination with the phonological training. The outcome measures of these groups were compared with the control group with multivariate analyses, controlling for a number of background variables. The sample included N = 424 German-speaking children aged 4-5 years at the beginning of the study. We found a positive relationship between musical abilities and phonological awareness. Yet, whereas the well-established phonological training produced the expected effects, adding a musical training did not contribute significantly to phonological awareness development. Training effects were partly dependent on the initial level of phonological awareness. Possible reasons for the lack of training effects in the musical part of the combination condition as well as practical implications for early literacy education are discussed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@book{OPUS4-8397,
  title     = {www.BrAnD2. Wille.},
  series = {Potsdamer Lateintage},
  journal   = {Potsdamer Lateintage},
  number    = {8},
  editor    = {G{\"a}rtner, Ursula},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-86956-354-1},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-83976},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {2014 fand der Potsdamer Lateintag zum 10. Mal statt. Das Jubil{\"a}um war ein angemessener Anlass, unser neues Projekt vorzustellen. Die Robert Bosch-Stiftung f{\"o}rdert wieder f{\"u}r drei Jahre die Zusammenarbeit der Klassischen Philologie der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam mit Schulen aus Brandenburg. Der Titel lautet: www.BrAnD2. Wille. W{\"u}rde. Wissen. Zweites Brandenburger Antike-Denkwerk. Zur Auftaktveranstaltung zum Thema „Wille" erschienen wieder {\"u}ber 500 Teilnehmerinnen und Teilnehmer. Der Band versammelt einen Projektbericht, die Vortr{\"a}ge von Frau Prof. Dr. Christiane Kunst und Herrn Prof. Dr. Christoph Horn sowie eine Auswahl an Materialen der betreuenden Studierenden.},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{FeinbubeRichterGerstenbergetal.2016,
  author    = {Feinbube, Lena and Richter, Daniel and Gerstenberg, Sebastian and Siegler, Patrick and Haller, Angelo and Polze, Andreas},
  title     = {Software-Fehlerinjektion},
  number    = {109},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-86956-386-2},
  issn      = {1613-5652},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-97435},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {viii, 47},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Fehlerinjektion ist ein essentielles Werkzeug, um die Fehlertoleranz komplexer Softwaresysteme experimentell zu evaluieren. Wir berichten {\"u}ber das Seminar zum Thema Software-Fehlerinjektion, das am Fachgebiet f{\"u}r Betriebssysteme und Middleware am Hasso-Plattner-Institut der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam im Sommersemester 2015 stattfand. In dem Seminar ging es darum, verschiedene Fehlerinjektionsans{\"a}tze und -werkzeuge anzuwenden und hinsichtlich ihrer Anwendbarkeit in verschiedenen Szenarien zu bewerten. In diesem Bericht werden die studierten Ans{\"a}tze vorgestellt und verglichen.},
  language  = {de}
}