@misc{WalterSpeyer2005, author = {Walter, Norbert and Speyer, Bernhard}, title = {Zwischen Governance und Polymorphie}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-8033}, year = {2005}, abstract = {The authors analyze the reasons for the establishment of a regulatory regime for international financial markets in accordance with the ideas of liberal internationalism. They argue that the system of international markets is affected by polymorphy, indicating the existence of different forms of regulation. Five factors produce this polymorphy: the non-existence of a homogenous object of steering, the dynamic nature of these objects, the fact that the purpose of governance is not clearly defined, the dominance of governance by the USA and Great Britain, and governance as a result of a multi-level game with various coalitions.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Dahlsten2014, author = {Dahlsten, Ulf}, title = {World market governance}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-70168}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Democratic capitalism or liberal democracy, as the successful marriage of convenience between market liberalism and democracy sometimes is called, is in trouble. The market economy system has become global and there is a growing mismatch with the territoriality of the nation-states. The functional global networks and inter-governmental order can no longer keep pace with the rapid development of the global market economy and regulatory capture is all too common. Concepts like de-globalization, self-regulation, and global government are floated in the debate. The alternatives are analysed and found to be improper, inadequate or plainly impossible. The proposed route is instead to accept that the global market economy has developed into an independent fundamental societal system that needs its own governance. The suggestion is World Market Governance based on the Rule of Law in order to shape the fitness environment for the global market economy and strengthen the nation-states so that they can regain the sovereignty to decide upon the social and cultural conditions in each country. Elements in the proposed Rule of Law are international legislation decided by an Assembly supported by a Council, and an independent Judiciary. Existing international organisations would function as executors. The need for broad sustained demand for regulations in the common interest is identified.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Janetschek2016, author = {Janetschek, Hannah}, title = {Water development programs in India}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-401337}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {279}, year = {2016}, abstract = {In the past decades, development cooperation (DC) led by conventional bi- and multilateral donors has been joined by a large number of small, private or public-private donors. This pluralism of actors raises questions as to whether or not these new donors are able to implement projects more or less effectively than their conventional counterparts. In contrast to their predecessors, the new donors have committed themselves to be more pragmatic, innovative and flexible in their development cooperation measures. However, they are also criticized for weakening the function of local civil society and have the reputation of being an intransparent and often controversial alternative to public services. With additional financial resources and their new approach to development, the new donors have been described in the literature as playing a controversial role in transforming development cooperation. This dissertation compares the effectiveness of initiatives by new and conventional donors with regard to the provision of public goods and services to the poor in the water and sanitation sector in India. India is an emerging country but it is experiencing high poverty rates and poor water supply in predominantly rural areas. It lends itself for analyzing this research theme as it is currently being confronted by a large number of actors and approaches that aim to find solutions for these challenges . In the theoretical framework of this dissertation, four governance configurations are derived from the interaction of varying actor types with regard to hierarchical and non-hierarchical steering of their interactions. These four governance configurations differ in decision-making responsibilities, accountability and delegation of tasks or direction of information flow. The assumption on actor relationships and steering is supplemented by possible alternative explanations in the empirical investigation, such as resource availability, the inheritance of structures and institutions from previous projects in a project context, gaining acceptance through beneficiaries (local legitimacy) as a door opener, and asymmetries of power in the project context. Case study evidence from seven projects reveals that the actors' relationship is important for successful project delivery. Additionally, the results show that there is a systematic difference between conventional and new donors. Projects led by conventional donors were consistently more successful, due to an actor relationship that placed the responsibility in the hands of the recipient actors and benefited from the trust and reputation of a long-term cooperation. The trust and reputation of conventional donors always went along with a back-up from federal level and trickled down as reputation also at local level implementation. Furthermore, charismatic leaders, as well as the acquired structures and institutions of predecessor projects, also proved to be a positive influencing factor for successful project implementation. Despite the mixed results of the seven case studies, central recommendations for action can be derived for the various actors involved in development cooperation. For example, new donors could fulfill a supplementary function with conventional donors by developing innovative project approaches through pilot studies and then implementing them as a supplement to the projects of conventional donors on the ground. In return, conventional donors would have to make room the new donors by integrating their approaches into already programs in order to promote donor harmonization. It is also important to identify and occupy niches for activities and to promote harmonization among donors on state and federal sides. The empirical results demonstrate the need for a harmonization strategy of different donor types in order to prevent duplication, over-experimentation and the failure of development programs. A transformation to successful and sustainable development cooperation can only be achieved through more coordination processes and national self-responsibility.}, language = {en} } @article{KuhlmannHellstroemRambergetal.2021, author = {Kuhlmann, Sabine and Hellstr{\"o}m, Mikael and Ramberg, Ulf and Reiter, Renate}, title = {Tracing divergence in crisis governance}, series = {International review of administrative sciences}, volume = {87}, journal = {International review of administrative sciences}, number = {3}, publisher = {Sage}, address = {Los Angeles, California}, issn = {0020-8523}, doi = {10.1177/0020852320979359}, pages = {556 -- 575}, year = {2021}, abstract = {This cross-country comparison of administrative responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in France, Germany and Sweden is aimed at exploring how institutional contexts and administrative cultures have shaped strategies of problem-solving and governance modes during the pandemic, and to what extent the crisis has been used for opportunity management. The article shows that in France, the central government reacted determinedly and hierarchically, with tough containment measures. By contrast, the response in Germany was characterized by an initial bottom-up approach that gave way to remarkable federal unity in the further course of the crisis, followed again by a return to regional variance and local discretion. In Sweden, there was a continuation of 'normal governance' and a strategy of relying on voluntary compliance largely based on recommendations and less - as in Germany and France - on a strategy of imposing legally binding regulations. The comparative analysis also reveals that relevant stakeholders in all three countries have used the crisis as an opportunity for changes in the institutional settings and administrative procedures.}, language = {en} } @article{KuhlmannHellstromRambergetal.2021, author = {Kuhlmann, Sabine and Hellstrom, Mikael and Ramberg, Ulf and Reiter, Renate}, title = {Tracing divergence in crisis governance}, series = {International review of administrative sciences : an international journal of comparative public administration}, volume = {87}, journal = {International review of administrative sciences : an international journal of comparative public administration}, number = {3}, publisher = {Sage Publ.}, address = {London}, issn = {0020-8523}, doi = {10.1177/0020852320979359}, pages = {556 -- 575}, year = {2021}, abstract = {This cross-country comparison of administrative responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in France, Germany and Sweden is aimed at exploring how institutional contexts and administrative cultures have shaped strategies of problem-solving and governance modes during the pandemic, and to what extent the crisis has been used for opportunity management. The article shows that in France, the central government reacted determinedly and hierarchically, with tough containment measures. By contrast, the response in Germany was characterized by an initial bottom-up approach that gave way to remarkable federal unity in the further course of the crisis, followed again by a return to regional variance and local discretion. In Sweden, there was a continuation of 'normal governance' and a strategy of relying on voluntary compliance largely based on recommendations and less - as in Germany and France - on a strategy of imposing legally binding regulations. The comparative analysis also reveals that relevant stakeholders in all three countries have used the crisis as an opportunity for changes in the institutional settings and administrative procedures. Points for practitioners COVID-19 has shown that national political and administrative standard operating procedures in preparation for crises are, at best, partially helpful. Notwithstanding the fact that dealing with the unpredictable is a necessary part of crisis management, a need to further improve the institutional preparedness for pandemic crises in all three countries examined here has also become clear. This should be done particularly by way of shifting resources to the health and care sectors, strengthening the decentralized management of health emergencies, stocking and/or self-producing protection material, assessing the effects of crisis measures, and opening the scientific discourse to broader arenas of experts.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Nasery2019, author = {Nasery, Mustafa}, title = {The success and failure of civil service reforms in Afghanistan}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-44473}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-444738}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {viii, 258}, year = {2019}, abstract = {The Government will create a motivated, merit-based, performance-driven, and professional civil service that is resistant to temptations of corruption and which provides efficient, effective and transparent public services that do not force customers to pay bribes. — (GoIRA, 2006, p. 106) We were in a black hole! We had an empty glass and had nothing from our side to fill it with! Thus, we accepted anything anybody offered; that is how our glass was filled; that is how we reformed our civil service. — (Former Advisor to IARCSC, personal communication, August 2015) How and under what conditions were the post-Taleban Civil Service Reforms of Afghanistan initiated? What were the main components of the reforms? What were their objectives and to which extent were they achieved? Who were the leading domestic and foreign actors involved in the process? Finally, what specific factors influenced the success and failure Afghanistan's Civil Service Reforms since 2002? Guided by such fundamental questions, this research studies the wicked process of reforming the Afghan civil service in an environment where a variety of contextual, programmatic, and external factors affected the design and implementation of reforms that were entirely funded and technically assisted by the international community. Focusing on the core components of reforms—recruitment, remuneration, and appraisal of civil servants—the qualitative study provides a detailed picture of the pre-reform civil service and its major human resources developments in the past. Following discussions on the content and purposes of the main reform programs, it will then analyze the extent of changes in policies and practices by examining the outputs and effects of these reforms. Moreover, the study defines the specific factors that led the reforms toward a situation where most of the intended objectives remain unachieved. Doing so, it explores and explains how an overwhelming influence of international actors with conflicting interests, large-scale corruption, political interference, networks of patronage, institutionalized nepotism, culturally accepted cronyism and widespread ethnic favoritism created a very complex environment and prevented the reforms from transforming Afghanistan's patrimonial civil service into a professional civil service, which is driven by performance and merit.}, language = {en} } @article{SeyfriedReith2019, author = {Seyfried, Markus and Reith, Florian}, title = {The seven deadly sins of quality management: trade-offs and implications for further research}, series = {Quality in higher education}, volume = {25}, journal = {Quality in higher education}, number = {3}, publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {1353-8322}, doi = {10.1080/13538322.2019.1683943}, pages = {289 -- 303}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Quality management in higher education is generally discussed with reference to commendable outcomes such as success, best practice, improvement or control. This paper, though, focuses on the problems of organising quality management. It follows the narrative of the seven deadly sins, with each 'sin' illustrating an inherent trade-off or paradox in the implementation of internal quality management in teaching and learning in higher education institutions. Identifying the trade-offs behind these sins is essential for a better understanding of quality management as an organisational problem.}, language = {en} } @misc{LattemannKupkeStieglitzetal.2007, author = {Lattemann, Christoph and Kupke, S{\"o}ren and Stieglitz, Stefan and Fetscherin, Marc}, title = {The governance of virtual corporations}, issn = {1867-5808}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-19988}, year = {2007}, abstract = {The concept of the virtual corporation (VC), which describes a modern form of collaboration among organizations, was introduced in the scientific discussion in the mid 1990th. The practice shows that VCs need new forms of governance because the traditional mechanisms of control, management, and steering are hardly applicable. Until now there is only a few research related to the question how to govern VC. The main problems to govern a VC are to coordinate the communication among dispersed partners and to motivate employees to actively involve themselves into the network. Open source projects are confronted with similar problems. As several governance mechanisms are already analyzed in this context, the authors analyze and adopt governance concepts from open source projects to extract a governance framework for virtual corporations. This new approach leads to innovative insights in governing virtual corporations by using community techniques as an appropriate way for communication and collaboration purposes.}, language = {en} } @article{Streck2021, author = {Streck, Charlotte}, title = {Strengthening the Paris Agreement by holding non-state actors accountable}, series = {Transnational environmental law}, volume = {10}, journal = {Transnational environmental law}, number = {3}, publisher = {Cambridge Univ. Press}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {2047-1025}, doi = {10.1017/S2047102521000091}, pages = {493 -- 515}, year = {2021}, abstract = {While the intergovernmental climate regime increasingly recognizes the role of non-state actors in achieving the goals of the Paris Agreement (PA), the normative linkages between the intergovernmental climate regime and the non-state dominated 'transnational partnership governance' remain vague and tentative. A formalized engagement of the intergovernmental climate regime with transnational partnerships can increase the effectiveness of partnerships in delivering on climate mitigation and adaptation, thereby complementing rather than replacing government action. The proposed active engagement with partnerships would include (i) collecting and analyzing information to develop and prioritize areas for transnational and partnership engagement; (ii) defining minimum criteria and procedural requirements to be listed on an enhanced Non-state Actor Zone for Climate Action platform; (iii) actively supporting strategic initiatives; (iv) facilitating market or non-market finance as part of Article 6 PA; and (v) evaluating the effectiveness of partnerships in the context of the enhanced transparency framework (Article 13 PA) and the global stocktake (Article 14 PA). The UNFCCC Secretariat could facilitate engagement and problem solving by actively orchestrating transnational partnerships. Constructing effective implementation partnerships, recording their mitigation and adaptation goals, and holding them accountable may help to move climate talks from rhetoric to action.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Kuschel2022, author = {Kuschel, Jenny}, title = {Steuerung im Lehrkr{\"a}ftefortbildungssystem in Deutschland}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-56216}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-562168}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {208}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Lehrkr{\"a}ftefortbildungen bieten in Deutschland im Rahmen der dritten Phase der Lehrkr{\"a}ftebildung eine zentrale Lerngelegenheit f{\"u}r die Kompetenzentwicklung der Lehr-kr{\"a}fte (Avalos, 2011; Guskey \& Yoon, 2009). In dieser Phase k{\"o}nnen Lehrkr{\"a}fte aus einem Angebot an berufsbegleitenden Lerngelegenheiten w{\"a}hlen, die auf die Anpassung und Weiterentwicklung ihrer professionellen Kompetenzen abzielen. Im Rahmen dieser Professionalisierungsmaßnahmen haben Lehrkr{\"a}fte Gelegenheit zur Reflexion und Weiterentwicklung ihrer Unterrichtspraxis. Deshalb sind Lehrkr{\"a}ftefortbildungen auch f{\"u}r die Entwicklung von Unterrichtsqualit{\"a}t und das Lernen der Sch{\"u}ler:innen bedeutsam (Lipowsky, 2014). Ergebnisse der Nutzungsforschung zeigen jedoch, dass das Fortbildungsangebot nicht von allen Lehrkr{\"a}ften im vollen Umfang genutzt wird und sich Lehrkr{\"a}fte in dem Nutzungsumfang dieser beruflichen Lerngelegenheiten unterscheiden (Hoffmann \& Richter, 2016). Das hat zur Folge, dass das Wirkpotenzial des Fortbildungsangebots nicht voll ausgesch{\"o}pft werden kann. Um die Nutzung von Lehrkr{\"a}ftefortbildungen zu f{\"o}rdern, werden auf unterschiedlichen Ebenen verschiedene Steuerungsinstrumente von Akteuren eingesetzt. Die Frage nach der Steuerungsm{\"o}glichkeit im Rahmen der dritten Phase der Lehrkr{\"a}ftebildung ist bislang jedoch weitestgehend unbearbeitet geblieben. Die vorliegende Arbeit kn{\"u}pft an die bestehende Forschung zur Lehrkr{\"a}ftefortbildung an und nutzt die theoretische Perspektive der Educational Governance, um im Rahmen von vier Teilstudien der Frage nachzugehen, welche Instrumente und Potenziale der Steue-rung auf den unterschiedlichen Ebenen des Lehrkr{\"a}ftefortbildungssystems bestehen und wie diese durch die verschiedenen politischen und schulischen Akteure umgesetzt werden. Außerdem soll der Frage nachgegangen werden, wie wirksam die genutzten Steuerungsinstrumente im Hinblick auf die Nutzung von Lehrkr{\"a}ftefortbildungen sind. Die {\"u}bergeordnete Fragestellung wird vor dem Hintergrund eines f{\"u}r das Lehrkr{\"a}ftefortbildungssystem abgelei-teten theoretischen Rahmenmodells in Form eines Mehrebenenmodells bearbeitet, welches als Grundlage f{\"u}r die theoretische Verortung der nachfolgenden empirischen Untersuchungen zur Fortbildungsnutzung und der Wirksamkeit verschiedener Steuerungsinstrumente dient. Studie I nimmt vor diesem Hintergrund die Ebene der politischen Akteure in den Blick und geht der Frage nach, wie bedeutsam die gesetzliche Fortbildungspflicht f{\"u}r die Fortbildungsbeteiligung von Lehrkr{\"a}ften ist. Hierzu wurde untersucht, inwiefern Zusammenh{\"a}nge zwischen der Fortbildungsteilnahme von Lehrkr{\"a}ften und der Zugeh{\"o}rigkeit zu Bundesl{\"a}ndern mit und ohne konkreter Fortbildungsverpflichtung sowie zu Bundesl{\"a}ndern mit und ohne Nachweispflicht absolvierter Fortbildungen bestehen. Dazu wurden Daten aus dem IQB-L{\"a}ndervergleich 2011 und 2012 sowie dem IQB-Bildungstrend 2015 mittels logistischer und linearer Regressionsmodelle analysiert. Studie II und Studie III widmen sich den Rahmenbedingungen f{\"u}r schulinterne Fortbildungen. Studie II befasst sich zun{\"a}chst mit schulformspezifischen Unterschieden bei der Wahl der Fortbildungsthemen. Studie III untersucht das schulinterne Fortbildungsangebot hinsichtlich des Nutzungsumfangs und des Zusammenhangs zwischen Schulmerkmalen und der Nutzung unterschiedlicher Fortbildungsthemen. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus wird ein Vergleich zwi-schen den beiden Angebotsformaten hinsichtlich des jeweiligen Anteils an thematischen Fortbildungsveranstaltungen vorgenommen. Hierzu wurden Daten der Fortbildungsdatenbank des Landes Brandenburg ausgewertet. Neben der Untersuchung der Fortbildungsteilnahme im Zusammenhang mit administrativen Vorgaben und der Nutzung des schulinternen Fortbildungsangebots auf Schulebene wurde zur Bearbeitung der {\"u}bergeordneten Forschungsfrage der vorliegenden Arbeit in der Studie IV dar{\"u}ber hinaus eine Untersuchung des Einsatzes von Professionalisierungsmaßnahmen im Rahmen schulischer Personalentwicklung durchgef{\"u}hrt. Durch die qualitative Studie IV wurde ein vertiefender Einblick in die schulische Praxis erm{\"o}glicht, um die Kenntnisse aus den quantitativen Studien I bis III zu erg{\"a}nzen. Im Rahmen einer qualitati-ven Interviewstudie wurde der Frage nachgegangen werden, wie Schulleitungen ausgezeichneter Schulen Personalentwicklung auffassen, welche Informationsquellen sie hierbei mit einbeziehen und welche Maßnahmen sie nutzen und in diesem Sinne Personalentwicklung als ein Instrument f{\"u}r Organisationsentwicklung einsetzen. Im abschließenden Kapitel der vorliegenden Arbeit werden die zentralen Ergebnisse der durchgef{\"u}hrten Studien zusammenfassend diskutiert. Die Ergebnisse der Arbeit deuten insgesamt darauf hin, dass Akteure auf den jeweiligen Ebenen direkte und indirekete Steuerungsinstrumente mit dem Ziel einsetzen, die Nutzung des zur Verf{\"u}gung stehenden Angebots zu erh{\"o}hen, allerdings erzielen sie mit den genutzten Instrumenten nicht die gew{\"u}nschte Steuerungswirkung. Da sie weder mit beruflichen Sanktionen noch mit Anreizen verkn{\"u}pft sind, fehlt es den bestehenden Steuerungsinstrumenten an Durchsetzungsmacht. Außerdem wird das Repertoire an m{\"o}glichen Steuerungsinstrumenten von den beteiligten Akteuren nicht ausgesch{\"o}pft. Die Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit bieten somit die Grundlage f{\"u}r ankn{\"u}pfende Forschungsarbeiten und geben Anreize f{\"u}r m{\"o}gliche Implikationen in der Praxis des Fortbildungssystems und der Bildungspolitik.}, language = {de} } @misc{ThiekenKienzlerKreibichetal.2016, author = {Thieken, Annegret and Kienzler, Sarah and Kreibich, Heidi and Kuhlicke, Christian and Kunz, Michael and M{\"u}hr, Bernhard and M{\"u}ller, Meike and Otto, Antje and Petrow, Theresia and Pisi, Sebastian and Schr{\"o}ter, Kai}, title = {Review of the flood risk management system in Germany after the major flood in 2013}, issn = {1866-8372}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-100600}, pages = {12}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Widespread flooding in June 2013 caused damage costs of €6 to 8 billion in Germany, and awoke many memories of the floods in August 2002, which resulted in total damage of €11.6 billion and hence was the most expensive natural hazard event in Germany up to now. The event of 2002 does, however, also mark a reorientation toward an integrated flood risk management system in Germany. Therefore, the flood of 2013 offered the opportunity to review how the measures that politics, administration, and civil society have implemented since 2002 helped to cope with the flood and what still needs to be done to achieve effective and more integrated flood risk management. The review highlights considerable improvements on many levels, in particular (1) an increased consideration of flood hazards in spatial planning and urban development, (2) comprehensive property-level mitigation and preparedness measures, (3) more effective flood warnings and improved coordination of disaster response, and (4) a more targeted maintenance of flood defense systems. In 2013, this led to more effective flood management and to a reduction of damage. Nevertheless, important aspects remain unclear and need to be clarified. This particularly holds for balanced and coordinated strategies for reducing and overcoming the impacts of flooding in large catchments, cross-border and interdisciplinary cooperation, the role of the general public in the different phases of flood risk management, as well as a transparent risk transfer system. Recurring flood events reveal that flood risk management is a continuous task. Hence, risk drivers, such as climate change, land-use changes, economic developments, or demographic change and the resultant risks must be investigated at regular intervals, and risk reduction strategies and processes must be reassessed as well as adapted and implemented in a dialogue with all stakeholders.}, language = {en} } @article{ThiekenKienzlerKreibichetal.2016, author = {Thieken, Annegret and Kienzler, Sarah and Kreibich, Heidi and Kuhlicke, Christian and Kunz, Michael and M{\"u}hr, Bernhard and M{\"u}ller, Meike and Otto, Antje and Petrow, Theresia and Pisi, Sebastian and Schr{\"o}ter, Kai}, title = {Review of the flood risk management system in Germany after the major flood in 2013}, series = {Ecology and society : E\&S ; a journal of integrative science for resilience and sustainability}, volume = {21}, journal = {Ecology and society : E\&S ; a journal of integrative science for resilience and sustainability}, number = {2}, publisher = {Resilience Alliance}, address = {Wolfville, NS}, issn = {1708-3087}, doi = {10.5751/ES-08547-210251}, pages = {12}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Widespread flooding in June 2013 caused damage costs of €6 to 8 billion in Germany, and awoke many memories of the floods in August 2002, which resulted in total damage of €11.6 billion and hence was the most expensive natural hazard event in Germany up to now. The event of 2002 does, however, also mark a reorientation toward an integrated flood risk management system in Germany. Therefore, the flood of 2013 offered the opportunity to review how the measures that politics, administration, and civil society have implemented since 2002 helped to cope with the flood and what still needs to be done to achieve effective and more integrated flood risk management. The review highlights considerable improvements on many levels, in particular (1) an increased consideration of flood hazards in spatial planning and urban development, (2) comprehensive property-level mitigation and preparedness measures, (3) more effective flood warnings and improved coordination of disaster response, and (4) a more targeted maintenance of flood defense systems. In 2013, this led to more effective flood management and to a reduction of damage. Nevertheless, important aspects remain unclear and need to be clarified. This particularly holds for balanced and coordinated strategies for reducing and overcoming the impacts of flooding in large catchments, cross-border and interdisciplinary cooperation, the role of the general public in the different phases of flood risk management, as well as a transparent risk transfer system. Recurring flood events reveal that flood risk management is a continuous task. Hence, risk drivers, such as climate change, land-use changes, economic developments, or demographic change and the resultant risks must be investigated at regular intervals, and risk reduction strategies and processes must be reassessed as well as adapted and implemented in a dialogue with all stakeholders.}, language = {en} } @misc{ThiekenKienzlerKreibichetal.2016, author = {Thieken, Annegret and Kienzler, Sarah and Kreibich, Heidi and Kuhlicke, Christian and Kunz, Michael and Muehr, Bernhard and Mueller, Meike and Otto, Antje and Petrow, Theresia and Pisi, Sebastian and Schroeter, Kai}, title = {Review of the flood risk management system in Germany after the major flood in 2013}, series = {Ecology and society : a journal of integrative science for resilience and sustainability}, volume = {21}, journal = {Ecology and society : a journal of integrative science for resilience and sustainability}, publisher = {Resilience Alliance}, address = {Wolfville}, issn = {1708-3087}, doi = {10.5751/ES-08547-210251}, pages = {8612 -- 8614}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Widespread flooding in June 2013 caused damage costs of (sic)6 to 8 billion in Germany, and awoke many memories of the floods in August 2002, which resulted in total damage of (sic)11.6 billion and hence was the most expensive natural hazard event in Germany up to now. The event of 2002 does, however, also mark a reorientation toward an integrated flood risk management system in Germany. Therefore, the flood of 2013 offered the opportunity to review how the measures that politics, administration, and civil society have implemented since 2002 helped to cope with the flood and what still needs to be done to achieve effective and more integrated flood risk management. The review highlights considerable improvements on many levels, in particular (1) an increased consideration of flood hazards in spatial planning and urban development, (2) comprehensive property-level mitigation and preparedness measures, (3) more effective flood warnings and improved coordination of disaster response, and (4) a more targeted maintenance of flood defense systems. In 2013, this led to more effective flood management and to a reduction of damage. Nevertheless, important aspects remain unclear and need to be clarified. This particularly holds for balanced and coordinated strategies for reducing and overcoming the impacts of flooding in large catchments, cross-border and interdisciplinary cooperation, the role of the general public in the different phases of flood risk management, as well as a transparent risk transfer system. Recurring flood events reveal that flood risk management is a continuous task. Hence, risk drivers, such as climate change, land-use changes, economic developments, or demographic change and the resultant risks must be investigated at regular intervals, and risk reduction strategies and processes must be reassessed as well as adapted and implemented in a dialogue with all stakeholders.}, language = {en} } @article{Ulrich2023, author = {Ulrich, Peter}, title = {Regionale und lokale Governance}, series = {KWI-Schriften}, journal = {KWI-Schriften}, number = {14}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-571-2}, issn = {1867-951X}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-63116}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-631166}, pages = {75 -- 84}, year = {2023}, language = {de} } @misc{SommermannBehnkeKroppetal.2021, author = {Sommermann, Karl-Peter and Behnke, Nathalie and Kropp, Sabine and Hofmann, Hans and Fleischer, Julia and von Knobloch, Hans-Heinrich and Schimanke, Dieter and Schrapper, Ludger and Ruge, Kay and Ritgen, Klaus and Jann, Werner and Veit, Sylvia and Ziekow, Jan and Mehde, Veith and Reichard, Christoph and Schr{\"o}ter, Eckhard and F{\"a}rber, Gisela and Wollmann, Hellmut and Kuhlmann, Sabine and Bogumil, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Public Administration in Germany}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {140}, editor = {Kuhlmann, Sabine and Proeller, Isabella and Schimanke, Dieter and Ziekow, Jan}, issn = {1867-5808}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-50463}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-504637}, pages = {417}, year = {2021}, abstract = {This open access book presents a topical, comprehensive and differentiated analysis of Germany's public administration and reforms. It provides an overview on key elements of German public administration at the federal, L{\"a}nder and local levels of government as well as on current reform activities of the public sector. It examines the key institutional features of German public administration; the changing relationships between public administration, society and the private sector; the administrative reforms at different levels of the federal system and numerous sectors; and new challenges and modernization approaches like digitalization, Open Government and Better Regulation. Each chapter offers a combination of descriptive information and problem-oriented analysis, presenting key topical issues in Germany which are relevant to an international readership.}, language = {en} } @article{SurminskiThieken2017, author = {Surminski, Swenja and Thieken, Annegret}, title = {Promoting flood risk reduction}, series = {Earth's Future}, volume = {5}, journal = {Earth's Future}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {2328-4277}, doi = {10.1002/2017EF000587}, pages = {979 -- 1001}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Improving society's ability to prepare for, respond to and recover from flooding requires integrated, anticipatory flood risk management (FRM). However, most countries still focus their efforts on responding to flooding events if and when they occur rather than addressing their current and future vulnerability to flooding. Flood insurance is one mechanism that could promote a more ex ante approach to risk by supporting risk reduction activities. This paper uses an adapted version of Easton's System Theory to investigate the role of insurance for FRM in Germany and England. We introduce an anticipatory FRM framework, which allows flood insurance to be considered as part of a broader policy field. We analyze if and how flood insurance can catalyze a change toward a more anticipatory approach to FRM. In particular we consider insurance's role in influencing five key components of anticipatory FRM: risk knowledge, prevention through better planning, property\&\#8208;level protection measures, structural protection and preparedness (for response). We find that in both countries FRM is still a reactive, event\&\#8208;driven process, while anticipatory FRM remains underdeveloped. Collaboration between insurers and FRM decision\&\#8208;makers has already been successful, for example in improving risk knowledge and awareness, while in other areas insurance acts as a disincentive for more risk reduction action. In both countries there is evidence that insurance can play a significant role in encouraging anticipatory FRM, but this remains underutilized. Effective collaboration between insurers and government should not be seen as a cost, but as an investment to secure future insurability through flood resilience.}, language = {en} } @article{ChanBoranvanAsseltetal.2019, author = {Chan, Sander and Boran, Idil and van Asselt, Harro and Iacobuta, Gabriela and Niles, Navam and Rietig, Katharine and Scobie, Michelle and Bansard, Jennifer S. and Delgado Pugley, Deborah and Delina, Laurence L. and Eichhorn, Friederike and Ellinger, Paula and Enechi, Okechukwu and Hale, Thomas and Hermwille, Lukas and Hickmann, Thomas and Honegger, Matthias and Hurtado Epstein, Andrea and Theuer, Stephanie La Hoz and Mizo, Robert and Sun, Yixian and Toussaint, Patrick and Wambugu, Geoffrey}, title = {Promises and risks of nonstate action in climate and sustainability governance}, series = {Wiley interdisciplinary reviews : Climate change}, volume = {10}, journal = {Wiley interdisciplinary reviews : Climate change}, number = {3}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {1757-7780}, doi = {10.1002/wcc.572}, pages = {8}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @misc{Schnitger2011, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Schnitger, Moritz}, title = {Pflegekonferenzen als geeignetes Instrument zur Optimierung des deutschen Pflegemarktes? : Steuerungspotential lokaler Politiknetzwerke im Rahmen von Wohlfahrtsm{\"a}rkten}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-52567}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Lokale Politiknetzwerke werden sowohl in der {\"o}ffentlichen Sozialstaatsdebatte als auch in der sozialwissenschaftlichen Forschung als vielversprechende Instrumente zur Optimierung von Wohlfahrtsm{\"a}rkten propagiert. So auch in der Diskussion um den deutschen Pflegemarkt und seine Steuerungsdefizite. Im Gegensatz zu den mit dem Steuerungsinstrument Pflegekonferenz verkn{\"u}pften Erwartungen, sind dessen genaues Steuerungspotential und m{\"o}gliche Erkl{\"a}rungsfaktoren bisher jedoch nicht systematisch untersucht worden. Den methodologischen Kern dieser Arbeit bilden eine strukturelle Politikfeldanalyse des deutschen Pflegemarktes in Kombination mit einer empirischen Einzelfallstudie zu den Steuerungsleistungen einer Pflegekonferenz. Grundlage ist ein spezifisches Analyseraster auf Basis des akteurzentrierten Institutionalismus, welches die Aufmerksamkeit in der Analyse der Erkl{\"a}rungsfaktoren auf die Kombination der Koordinationsinstrumente Markt und Netzwerk sowie die Ausgestaltung des institutionellen Rahmens durch Gesetzgebung und Selbstverwaltung lenken soll. Im Rahmen der empirischen Erhebung konnten kaum direkte und nur wenige indirekte Steuerungsleistungen nachgewiesen werden. Als Ergebnis der Analyse l{\"a}sst sich festhalten, dass lokale Politiknetzwerke im Umfeld des deutschen Pflegemarktes grunds{\"a}tzlich mit erheblichen Herausforderungen hinsichtlich ihrer Steuerungsfunktion zu k{\"a}mpfen haben. Dies l{\"a}sst sich zum einen darauf zur{\"u}ckf{\"u}hren, dass ein gemeinsames Steuerungsinteresse der Akteure nur in wenigen Bereichen vorhanden ist, da die Grundbedingung der Interdependenz selten gegeben ist und auch nur sehr eingeschr{\"a}nkt innerhalb von Pflegekonferenzen entwickelt werden kann. Zum anderen sind die steuerungsrelevanten Handlungsressourcen oftmals lokal nicht verf{\"u}gbar, wodurch erschwerend die Steuerungsm{\"o}glichkeiten eingeschr{\"a}nkt werden. Je nach Steuerungsbereich sind diese Faktoren jedoch verschieden ausgepr{\"a}gt, sodass sich unterschiedliche Steuerungspotentiale ergeben.}, language = {de} } @article{KuhlmannBouckaertGallietal.2021, author = {Kuhlmann, Sabine and Bouckaert, Geert and Galli, Davide and Reiter, Renate and van Hecke, Steven}, title = {Opportunity management of the COVID-19 pandemic}, series = {International review of administrative sciences}, volume = {87}, journal = {International review of administrative sciences}, number = {3}, publisher = {Sage}, address = {Los Angeles, California}, issn = {0020-8523}, doi = {10.1177/0020852321992102}, pages = {497 -- 517}, year = {2021}, abstract = {This article provides a conceptual framework for the analysis of COVID-19 crisis governance in the first half of 2020 from a cross-country comparative perspective. It focuses on the issue of opportunity management, that is, how the crisis was used by relevant actors of distinctly different administrative cultures as a window of opportunity. We started from an overall interest in the factors that have influenced the national politics of crisis management to answer the question of whether and how political and administrative actors in various countries have used the crisis as an opportunity to facilitate, accelerate or prevent changes in institutional settings. The objective is to study the institutional settings and governance structures, (alleged) solutions and remedies, and constellations of actors and preferences that have influenced the mode of crisis and opportunity management. Finally, the article summarizes some major comparative findings drawn from the country studies of this Special Issue, focusing on similarities and differences in crisis responses and patterns of opportunity management.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{SarnesNitu2018, author = {Sarnes-Nitu, Juliane}, title = {Mit der Schuldenbremse zu nachhaltigen Staatsfinanzen?}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-413804}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {294}, year = {2018}, abstract = {The core question of this paper is: Does the debt brake secure fiscal sustainability in Germany? To answer this question, we will first examine the effects of the introduction of the debt brake on the German federal states in the period 2010-16. For this purpose, the observed consolidation performance and the consolidation incentive or pressure experienced by the federal states were evaluated with the help of a scorecard specifically developed for this purpose. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze how the scorecard factors affect the consolidation performance of the federal states. It found that nearly 90\% of the variation was explained by the independent variables budgetary position, debt burden, revenue growth and pension burden. Thus the debt brake likely played a subordinate role in the 2009-2016 consolidation episode. Subsequently, the data collected in 65 expert interviews was used to analyze the limits of the new fiscal rule, and to determine which potential risks could hinder or prevent the debt brake in the future: municipal debt, FEUs, contingent liabilities in the form of guarantees for financial institutions and pension obligations. The frequently expressed criticism that the debt brake impedes economic growth and public investments is also reviewed and rejected. Finally, we discuss potential future developments regarding the debt brake and the German public administration as well as future consolidation efforts of the L{\"a}nder.}, language = {de} } @article{Ulrich2023, author = {Ulrich, Peter}, title = {Lokale Partizipation von Digitalen Pionieren in l{\"a}ndlicher Governance}, series = {KWI-Schriften}, journal = {KWI-Schriften}, number = {14}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-571-2}, issn = {1867-951X}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-63117}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-631178}, pages = {85 -- 97}, year = {2023}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Herold2019, author = {Herold, Jana}, title = {International Bureaucracies as Governance Actors}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {233}, year = {2019}, abstract = {This study assesses and explains international bureaucracies' performance and role as policy advisors and as expert authorities from the perspective of domestic stakeholders. International bureaucracies are the secretariats of international organizations that carry out their work including generating knowledge, providing policy advice and implementing policy programs and projects. Scholars increasingly regard them as governance actors that are able to influence global and domestic policy making. In order to explain this influence, research has mainly focused on international bureaucracies' formal features and/or staff characteristics. The way in which they are actually perceived by their domestic stakeholders, in particular by national bureaucrats, has not been systematically studied. Yet, this is equally important, given that they represent international bureaucracies' addressees and are actors that (potentially) make use of international bureaucracies' policy advice, which can be seen as an indicator for international bureaucracies' influence. Accordingly, I argue that domestic stakeholders' assessments can likewise contribute to explaining international bureaucracies' influence. The overarching research questions the study addresses are what are national stakeholders' perspectives on international bureaucracies and under which conditions do they consider international bureaucracies' policy advice? In answering these questions, I focus on three specific organizational features that the literature has considered important for international bureaucracies' independent influence, namely international bureaucracies' performance and their role as policy advisors and as expert authorities. These three features are studied separately in three independent articles, which are presented in Part II of this article-based dissertation. To answer the research questions, I draw on novel data from a global survey among ministry officials of 121 countries. The survey captures ministry officials' assessments of international bureaucracies' features and their behavior with respect to international bureaucracies' policy advice. The overall sample comprises the bureaucracies of nine global and nine regional international organizations in eight thematic areas in the policy fields of agriculture and finance. The overall finding of this study is that international bureaucracies' performance and their role as policy advisors and expert authorities as perceived by ministry officials are highly context-specific and relational. These features vary not only across international bureaucracies but much more intra-organizationally across the different thematic areas that an international bureaucracy addresses, i.e. across different thematic contexts. As far as to the relational nature of international bureaucracies' features, the study generally finds strong variation across the assessments by ministry officials from different countries and across thematic areas. Hence, the findings highlight that it is likewise important to study international bureaucracies via the perspective of their stakeholders and to take account of the different thematic areas and contexts in which international bureaucracies operate. The study contributes to current research on international bureaucracies in various ways. First, it directly surveys one important type of domestic stakeholders, namely national ministry officials, as to how they evaluate certain aspects of international bureaucracies instead of deriving them from their structural features, policy documents or assessments by their staff. Furthermore, the study empirically tests a range of theoretical hypotheses derived from the literature on international bureaucracies' influence, as well as related literature. Second, the study advances methods of assessing international bureaucracies through a large-N, cross-national expert survey among ministry officials. A survey of this type of stakeholder and of this scope is - to my knowledge - unprecedented. Yet, as argued above, their perspectives are equally important for assessing and explaining international bureaucracies' influence. Third, the study adapts common theories of international bureaucracies' policy influence and expert authority to the assessments by ministry officials. In so doing, it tests hypotheses that are rooted in both rationalist and constructivist accounts and combines perspectives on international bureaucracies from both International Relations and Public Administration. Empirically supporting and challenging these hypotheses further complements the theoretical understanding of the determinants of international bureaucracies' influence among national bureaucracies from both rationalist and constructivist perspectives. Overall, this study advances our understanding of international bureaucracies by systematically taking into account ministry officials' perspectives in order to determine under which conditions international bureaucracies are perceived to perform well and are able to have an effect as policy advisors and expert authorities among national bureaucracies. Thereby, the study helps to specify to what extent international bureaucracies - as global governance actors - are able to permeate domestic governance via ministry officials and, thus, contribute to the question of why some international bureaucracies play a greater role and are ultimately able to have more influence than others.}, language = {en} } @misc{EichhornRuscheWeith2021, author = {Eichhorn, Sebastian and Rusche, Karsten and Weith, Thomas}, title = {Integrative governance processes towards sustainable spatial development}, series = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {12}, issn = {1866-8372}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-59496}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-594964}, pages = {26}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Due to the high concentration of people and infrastructures in European cities, the possible impacts of climate change are particularly high (cities' social, economic and technical vulnerabilities). Adaptation measures to reduce the sensitivity of a city to climate risks are therefore of particular importance. Nevertheless, it is also common to develop compact and dense urban areas to reduce urban sprawl. Urban infill development and sustainable spatial climate policies are thus in apparent conflict with each other. This article examines how German cities deal with the tensions between these two policy fields. Using six case studies, a new heuristic analysis method is applied. This study identifies three key governance aspects that are essential for promoting the joint implementation: instruments, organisation and interaction. Based on our case studies, we conclude that successful implementation can only be achieved through integrative governance including all three domains.}, language = {en} } @article{EichhornRuscheWeith2021, author = {Eichhorn, Sebastian and Rusche, Karsten and Weith, Thomas}, title = {Integrative governance processes towards sustainable spatial development}, series = {Journal of environmental planning and management}, volume = {64}, journal = {Journal of environmental planning and management}, number = {12}, publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {0964-0568}, doi = {10.1080/09640568.2020.1866509}, pages = {2233 -- 2256}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Due to the high concentration of people and infrastructures in European cities, the possible impacts of climate change are particularly high (cities' social, economic and technical vulnerabilities). Adaptation measures to reduce the sensitivity of a city to climate risks are therefore of particular importance. Nevertheless, it is also common to develop compact and dense urban areas to reduce urban sprawl. Urban infill development and sustainable spatial climate policies are thus in apparent conflict with each other. This article examines how German cities deal with the tensions between these two policy fields. Using six case studies, a new heuristic analysis method is applied. This study identifies three key governance aspects that are essential for promoting the joint implementation: instruments, organisation and interaction. Based on our case studies, we conclude that successful implementation can only be achieved through integrative governance including all three domains.}, language = {en} } @book{Lang2008, author = {Lang, Thilo}, title = {Institutional perspectives of local development in Germany and England : a comparative study about regeneration in old industrial towns experiencing decline}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-37346}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2008}, abstract = {This research is about local actors' response to problems of uneven development and unemployment. Policies to combat these problems are usually connected to socio-economic regeneration in England and economic and employment promotion (Wirtschafts- und Besch{\"a}ftigungsf{\"o}rderung) in Germany. The main result of this project is a description of those factors which support the emergence of local socio-economic initiatives aimed at job creation. Eight social and formal economy initiatives have been examined and the ways in which their emergence has been influenced by institutional factors has been analysed. The role of local actors and forms of governance as well as wider regional and national policy frameworks has been taken into account. Socio-economic initiatives have been defined as non-routine local projects or schemes with the objective of direct job creation. Such initiatives often focus on specific local assets for the formal or the social economy. Socio-economic initiatives are grounded on ideas of local economic development, and the creation of local jobs for local people. The adopted understanding of governance focuses on the processes of decision taking. Thus, this understanding of governance is broadly construed to include the ways in which actors in addition to traditional government manage urban development. The applied understanding of governance lays a focus on 'strategic' forms of decision taking about both long term objectives and short term action linked to socio-economic regeneration. Four old industrial towns in North England and East Germany have been selected for case studies due to their particular socio-economic background. These towns, with between 10.000 and 70.000 inhabitants, are located outside of the main agglomerations and bear central functions for their hinterland. The approach has been comparative, with a focus on examining common themes rather than gaining in-depth knowledge of a single case. Until now, most urban governance studies have analysed the impacts of particular forms of governance such as regeneration partnerships. This project looks at particular initiatives and poses the question to what extent their emergence can be understood as a result of particular forms of governance, local institutional factors or regional and national contexts.}, language = {en} } @article{UlrichZeissigWitting2023, author = {Ulrich, Peter and Zeißig, Hanna and Witting, Antje}, title = {Handlungsempfehlungen f{\"u}r die lokale Governance und {\"U}bertragbarkeit auf Brandenburg}, series = {KWI-Schriften}, journal = {KWI-Schriften}, number = {14}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-571-2}, issn = {1867-951X}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-63118}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-631182}, pages = {101 -- 124}, year = {2023}, language = {de} } @article{HeinzelLiese2021, author = {Heinzel, Mirko Noa and Liese, Andrea}, title = {Expert authority and support for COVID-19 measures in Germany and the UK}, series = {West European politics}, journal = {West European politics}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {0140-2382}, doi = {10.1080/01402382.2021.1873630}, pages = {1258 -- 1282}, year = {2021}, abstract = {During COVID-19, various public institutions tried to shape citizens' behaviour to slow the spread of the pandemic. How did their authority affect citizens' support of public measures taken to combat the spread of COVID-19? The article makes two contributions. First, it presents a novel conceptualisation of authority as a source heuristic. Second, it analyses the authority of four types of public institutions (health ministries, universities, public health agencies, the WHO) in two countries (Germany and the UK), drawing on novel data from a survey experiment conducted in May 2020. On average, institutional endorsements seem to have mattered little. However, there is an observable polarisation effect where citizens who ascribe much expertise to public institutions support COVID-19 measures more than the control group. Furthermore, those who ascribe little expertise support them less than the control group. Finally, neither perception of biases nor exposure to institutions in public debates seems consistently to affect their authority.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Krause2015, author = {Krause, Tobias Alexander}, title = {Erkl{\"a}rungsfaktoren f{\"u}r die Managementautonomie in kommunalen Mehrheitsbeteiligungen}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-86503}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {XIII, 214, XL}, year = {2015}, abstract = {In den letzten Jahrzehnten ist der Trend der Verselbstst{\"a}ndigung in vielen Kommunen zu beobachten. Ein Großteil der {\"o}ffentlichen Leistungserbringer wird mittlerweile als privatrechtliche Gesellschaften in einem wettbewerbsorientierten Umfeld gef{\"u}hrt. W{\"a}hrend viele Forscher Ausgliederungen in Form von nachgeordneten Beh{\"o}rden auf Bundesebene untersuchen und diese Reformwelle als einen faktischen Autonomisierungsprozess beschreiben, gibt es nur einige wenige Studien, die sich explizit mit den Autonomisierungstendenzen auf Kommunalebene auseinandersetzen. Daher fehlt es an empirischen Erkenntnissen zur Steuerung der kommunalen Beteiligungen. In dieser Arbeit werden die Steuerungsarrangements deutscher Großst{\"a}dte erstmals aus Sicht der Gesteuerten beleuchtet. Das Untersuchungsziel der vorliegenden Forschungsarbeit besteht darin, Flexibilisierungstendenzen in mehrheitlich kommunalen Unternehmen zu identifizieren und hierf{\"u}r Erkl{\"a}rungsfaktoren zu identifizieren. Die Forschungsfrage lautet: Welche instrumentellen und relationalen Faktoren beeinflussen die Managementautonomie in kommunalen Mehrheitsbeteiligungen? Dabei interessiert insbesondere die Einflussnahme der Kommunen auf verschiedene T{\"a}tigkeitsbereiche ihrer Ausgliederungen. {\"U}ber diese unternehmensspezifischen Sachverhalte ist in Deutschland fast nichts und international nur sehr wenig Empirisches bekannt. Zur Beantwortung der Forschungsfrage hat der Autor auf Basis der Transaktionskosten- und der Social-Exchange-Theorie einen Analyserahmen erstellt. Die aufgestellten Hypothesen wurden mit einer großfl{\"a}chigen Umfrage bei 243 Unternehmen in den 39 gr{\"o}ßten deutschen St{\"a}dten empirisch getestet. Im Ergebnis zeigen sich mehrere empirische Erkenntnisse: Erstens konnten mittels Faktorenanalyse vier unabh{\"a}ngige Faktoren von Managementautonomie in kommunalen Unternehmen identifiziert werden: Personalautonomie, Generelles Management, Preisautonomie und Strategische Fragen. W{\"a}hrend die Kommunen ihren Beteiligungen einen hohen Grad an Personalautonomie zugestehen, unterliegen vor allem strategische Investitionsentscheidungen wie die finanzielle Beteiligung an Tochterfirmen, große Projektvorhaben, Diversifikationsentscheidungen oder Kreditautfnahmen einem starken politischen Einfluss. Zweitens f{\"u}hrt eine Rechtsform{\"a}nderung und die Platzierung in einem Wettbewerbsumfeld (auch bekannt als Corporatisation) vor allem zu einer gr{\"o}ßeren Flexibilisierung der Personal- und Preispolitik, wirkt sich allerdings wenig auf die weiteren Faktoren der Managementautonomie, Generelles Management und Strategische Entscheidungen, aus. Somit behalten die Kommunen ihre M{\"o}glichkeit, auf wichtige Unternehmensfragen der Beteiligung Einfluss zu nehmen, auch im Fall einer Formalprivatisierung bei. Letztlich k{\"o}nnen zur Erkl{\"a}rung der Autonomiefaktoren transaktionskostenbasierte und relationale Faktoren erg{\"a}nzend herangezogen werden. In den Transaktionsspezifika wirken vor allem der wahrgenommene Wettbewerb in der Branche, die Messbarkeit der Leistung, Branchenvariablen, die Anzahl der Politiker im Aufsichtsrat und die eingesetzten Steuerungsmechanismen. In den relationalen Faktoren setzen sich die Variablen gegenseitiges Vertrauen, Effektivit{\"a}t der Aufsichtsr{\"a}te, Informationsaustausch, Rollenkonflikte, Rollenambivalenzen und Gesch{\"a}ftsf{\"u}hrererfahrung im Sektor durch.}, language = {de} } @article{SchmeissHoelzleTech2019, author = {Schmeiss, Jessica and H{\"o}lzle, Katharina and Tech, Robin P. G.}, title = {Designing Governance Mechanisms in Platform Ecosystems: Addressing the Paradox of Openness through Blockchain Technology}, series = {California Management Review}, volume = {62}, journal = {California Management Review}, number = {1}, publisher = {Sage Publ.}, address = {Thousand Oaks}, issn = {0008-1256}, doi = {10.1177/0008125619883618}, pages = {121 -- 143}, year = {2019}, abstract = {The paradox of openness is inherent to all platform ecosystems-the tension in enabling maximum openness to create joint innovation while guaranteeing value capturing for all actors. Governance mechanisms to solve this paradox are embedded into the technical architecture of the platform, addressing the dimensions of access, control, and incentives. Blockchain technology offers unique ways to design novel governance mechanisms through the standardization of interactions. However, the design of such an architecture requires careful consideration of the cost associated with it.}, language = {en} } @misc{Sperfeld2006, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Sperfeld, Robert}, title = {Decentralisation and establishment of local government in Lesotho}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10867}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2006}, abstract = {This diploma thesis deals with the process of political and administrative decentralisation in the Kingdom of Lesotho. Although decentralization in itself does not automatically lead to development it became an integral part of reform processes in many developing countries. Governments and international donors consider efficient decentralized political and administrative structures as essential elements of "good governance" and a prerequisite for structural poverty alleviation. This paper seeks to analyse how the given decentralization strategy and its implementation is affecting different features of good governance in the case of Lesotho. The results of the analysis confirm that the decentralisation process significantly improved political participation of the local population. However, the second objective of enhancing efficiency through decentralisation was not achieved. To the contrary, in the institutional design of the newly created local authorities and in the civil service recruitment policy efficiency considerations did not matter. Additionally, the created mechanisms for political participation generate relevant costs. Thus it is impossible to judge unambiguously on the contribution of decentralisation to the achievement of good governance. Different subtargets of good governance are influenced contrarily. Consequently, the adequacy of the concept of good governance as a guiding concept for decentralisation policies can be questioned. The assessment of the success of decentralisation policies requires a normative framework that takes into account the relations between both participation and efficiency. Despite the partly reduced administrative efficiency the author's overall impression of the decentralisation process in Lesotho is positive. The establishment of democratically legitimised and participatory local governments justifies certain additional expenditure. However, mistakes in the design and the implementation of the decentralisation strategy would have been avoidable.}, subject = {Dezentralisation}, language = {en} } @article{Daviter2017, author = {Daviter, Falk}, title = {Coping, taming or solving}, series = {Policy studies}, volume = {38}, journal = {Policy studies}, number = {6}, publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {0144-2872}, doi = {10.1080/01442872.2017.1384543}, pages = {571 -- 588}, year = {2017}, abstract = {One of the truisms of policy analysis is that policy problems are rarely solved. As an ever-increasing number of policy issues are identified as an inherently ill-structured and intractable type of wicked problem, the question of what policy analysis sets out to accomplish has emerged as more central than ever. If solving wicked problems is beyond reach, research on wicked problems needs to provide a clearer understanding of the alternatives. The article identifies and explicates three distinguishable strategies of problem governance: coping, taming and solving. It shows that their intellectual premises and practical implications clearly contrast in core respects. The article argues that none of the identified strategies of problem governance is invariably more suitable for dealing with wicked problems. Rather than advocate for some universally applicable approach to the governance of wicked problems, the article asks under what conditions different ways of governing wicked problems are analytically reasonable and normatively justified. It concludes that a more systematic assessment of alternative approaches of problem governance requires a reorientation of the debate away from the conception of wicked problems as a singular type toward the more focused analysis of different dimensions of problem wickedness.}, language = {en} } @misc{Daviter2017, author = {Daviter, Falk}, title = {Coping, taming or solving}, series = {Policy Studies}, journal = {Policy Studies}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-412684}, pages = {19}, year = {2017}, abstract = {One of the truisms of policy analysis is that policy problems are rarely solved. As an ever-increasing number of policy issues are identified as an inherently ill-structured and intractable type of wicked problem, the question of what policy analysis sets out to accomplish has emerged as more central than ever. If solving wicked problems is beyond reach, research on wicked problems needs to provide a clearer understanding of the alternatives. The article identifies and explicates three distinguishable strategies of problem governance: coping, taming and solving. It shows that their intellectual premises and practical implications clearly contrast in core respects. The article argues that none of the identified strategies of problem governance is invariably more suitable for dealing with wicked problems. Rather than advocate for some universally applicable approach to the governance of wicked problems, the article asks under what conditions different ways of governing wicked problems are analytically reasonable and normatively justified. It concludes that a more systematic assessment of alternative approaches of problem governance requires a reorientation of the debate away from the conception of wicked problems as a singular type toward the more focused analysis of different dimensions of problem wickedness.}, language = {en} } @article{FuertesJantzKlenketal.2014, author = {Fuertes, Vanesa and Jantz, Bastian and Klenk, Tanja and McQuaid, Ronald}, title = {Between cooperation and competition: The organisation of employment service delivery in the UK and Germany}, series = {International journal of social welfare}, volume = {23}, journal = {International journal of social welfare}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {1369-6866}, doi = {10.1111/ijsw.12100}, pages = {S71 -- S86}, year = {2014}, abstract = {The increased emphasis on labour market activation in many European countries has led to new forms of governance in recent decades. Primarily through qualitative data and document analysis, this article compares the restructuring of labour market service delivery in the UK and Germany. The comparison suggests the emergence of complex governance arrangements that seek to balance public regulation and accountability with the creation of room for market competition. As a result, we can observe in both countries a greater use of markets, but also of rules. While in both countries the relationships between different providers of labour market services can best be described as a mixture of cooperation and competition, differences exist in terms of instruments and the comprehensiveness of coordination initiatives. The findings suggest that the distinctions between governance models may be more important in theory than in practice, although the combinations of theoretical forms vary in different circumstances.}, language = {en} }