@book{BergmannEhrhartHammetal.2001, author = {Bergmann, Stephan and Ehrhart, Wolfgang and Hamm, Brigitte and Hasse, Jana and Hedrich, Klaus-J{\"u}rgen and Obser, Andreas and Schurer, Stefanie and T{\"o}nnies, Sibylle}, title = {Bilanz ein Jahr nach dem Millennium}, series = {Potsdamer UNO-Konferenzen}, journal = {Potsdamer UNO-Konferenzen}, number = {2}, editor = {Klein, Eckart and Volger, Helmut}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-72403}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {95}, year = {2001}, abstract = {Die ersten beiden Konferenzen des Forschungskreises Vereinte Nationen im Dezember 1999 und im Juni 2000 in der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam standen im Zeichen des interdisziplin{\"a}ren Dialogs in der UN-Forschung zwischen V{\"o}lkerrechts- und Politikwissenschaft und dienten zugleich der Standortbestimmung der deutschen UN-Forschung im internationalen Kontext. Die dritte Konferenz des Forschungskreises, die am 29. und 30. Juni 2001 wiederum in den R{\"a}umen der Juristischen Fakult{\"a}t der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam stattfand, widmete sich der Bilanz der Arbeit der Vereinten Nationen ein Jahr nach dem Milleniumsgipfel 2000 in New York in ihren Hauptaufgabengebieten sowie der deutschen UN-Politik in diesem Kontext. Die in dieser Brosch{\"u}re ver{\"o}ffentlichten Referate der dritten Konferenz spiegeln zusammen mit den Diskussionen, die zusammenfassend dargestellt werden, die weitreichenden strukturellen Probleme, denen sich die Vereinten Nationen durch die Prozesse der Globalisierung in der Friedenssicherung, beim Schutz der Menschenrechte und in der multilateralen Entwicklungszusammenarbeit ausgesetzt sehen. Sie stellen eine erste Evaluation der Reformmaßnahmen dar, die seit dem Milleniumsgipfel beschlossen wurden. Zugleich verdeutlichen sie die enge Wechselbeziehung zwischen der Arbeit der Weltorganisation und der nationalen Außenpolitik ihrer Mitgliedsl{\"a}nder, wie sie sich am Beispiel der Bundesrepublik Deutschland zeigt.}, language = {de} } @book{BrinkmeierFassbenderGriepetal.2002, author = {Brinkmeier, Friederike and Fassbender, Bardo and Griep, Ekkehard and Sucharipa, Ernst and Wesel, Reinhard and Winkelmann, Ingo}, title = {Die Vereinten Nationen und Regionalorganisationen vor aktuellen Herausforderungen}, series = {Potsdamer UNO-Konferenzen}, journal = {Potsdamer UNO-Konferenzen}, number = {3}, editor = {Klein, Eckart and Volger, Helmut}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-73849}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {115}, year = {2002}, abstract = {Seit 1999 gibt es die Potsdamer UNO-Konferenzen des Forschungskreises Vereinte Nationen. Inzwischen ist es eine gute Tradition geworden, daß sich UN-Forscher, Politiker und Diplomaten im Sommer zur Potsdamer UNO-Konferenz treffen. Die Konferenzen des Forschungskreises Vereinte Nationen stehen im Zeichen des interdisziplin{\"a}ren Dialogs in der UN-Forschung zwischen V{\"o}lkerrechts- und Politikwissenschaft und dienen zugleich der Standortbestimmung der deutschen UN-Forschung im internationalen Kontext. Die vierte Konferenz des Forschungskreises, die am 28. und 29. Juni 2002 wiederum in den R{\"a}umen der Juristischen Fakult{\"a}t der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam stattfand, widmete sich der Zusammenarbeit der Vereinten Nationen mit der Europ{\"a}ischen Union und mit der NATO sowie den Problemen, die sich den Vereinten Nationen bei der Bek{\"a}mpfung des Terrorismus in v{\"o}lkerrechtlicher Hinsicht und beim Schutz der Menschenrechte stellen. Die in dieser Brosch{\"u}re ver{\"o}ffentlichten Referate der vierten Konferenz machen zusammen mit den Diskussionen, die zusammenfassend dargestellt werden, deutlich, daß die Vereinten Nationen bei der Erf{\"u}llung ihrer durch die Charta gestellten Aufgaben auf die Zusammenarbeit mit regionalen politischen und milit{\"a}rischen Organisationen angewiesen sind. Bei der Auseinandersetzung mit politischen Konflikten, internationalen Krisen und aktuellen Herausforderungen wie dem internationalen Terrorismus sind ihnen dabei durch die machtpolitischen Realit{\"a}ten deutliche Grenzen gesetzt und k{\"o}nnen sie oft weniger Akteur als vielmehr Schiedsrichter und Wahrer der Menschenrechte sein.}, language = {de} } @book{OPUS4-5152, title = {Die Vereinten Nationen vor globalen Herausforderungen : Referate der Potsdamer UNO-Konferenzen 2000-2008}, editor = {Volger, Helmut and Weiß, Norman}, isbn = {978-3-86956-139-4}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-52355}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Der Forschungskreis Vereinte Nationen wurde 1999 als informelles Netzwerk f{\"u}r UN-Forschung gegr{\"u}ndet mit dem Ziel, den Informationsaustausch unter den Wissenschaftlern der verschiedenen Fachdisziplinen und den Dialog mit den Praktikern zu f{\"o}rdern. Die regelm{\"a}ßig stattfindenden Potsdamer UNO-Konferenzen des Forschungskreises Vereinte Nationen widmen sich der kritischen Analyse der UN-Forschung. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus bieten sie ein Forum f{\"u}r die Diskussion mit Politikern, UN-Mitarbeitern, Diplomaten und Journalisten {\"u}ber die Aufgaben der Vereinten Nationen und ihre Strukturen sowie {\"u}ber Konzepte zu ihrer Reform. Im vorliegenden Buch werden wichtige Referate der Potsdamer UNO-Konferenzen 2000 - 2008 ver{\"o}ffentlicht, die sich unter anderem den Themenbereichen Friedenssicherung, Menschenrechtsschutz und Umweltschutz durch die Vereinten Nationen, der Reform der UN-Hauptorgane sowie der deutschen UN-Politik und der UN-Politik im Rahmen der Europ{\"a}ischen Union widmen, und die erg{\"a}nzt werden durch Beitr{\"a}ge der beiden Herausgeber zu den Problemen und Perspektiven der UN-Forschung in Deutschland.}, language = {de} } @article{Rothermel2020, author = {Rothermel, Ann-Kathrin}, title = {Gender in the United Nations' agenda on Preventing and Countering Violent Extremism}, series = {International feminist journal of politics}, volume = {22}, journal = {International feminist journal of politics}, number = {5}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, address = {London}, issn = {1461-6742}, doi = {10.1080/14616742.2020.1827967}, pages = {720 -- 741}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The United Nations (UN) policy agenda on Preventing and Countering Violent Extremism (P/CVE) promotes a "holistic" approach to counterterrorism, which includes elements traditionally found in security and development programs. Advocates of the agenda increasingly emphasize the importance of gender mainstreaming for counterterrorism goals. In this article, I scrutinize the merging of the goals of gender equality, security, and development into a global agenda for counterterrorism. A critical feminist discourse-analytical reading of gender representations in P/CVE shows how problematic imageries of women as victims, economic entrepreneurs, and peacemakers from both the UN's Sustainable Development Goals and the Women, Peace and Security agenda are reproduced in core UN documents advocating for a "holistic" P/CVE approach. By highlighting the tensions that are produced by efforts to merge the different gender discourses across the UN's security and development institutions, the article underlines the relevance of considering the particular position of P/CVE at the security-development nexus for further gender-sensitive analysis and policies of counterterrorism.}, language = {en} } @article{JagtianiWellek2022, author = {Jagtiani, Sharinee L. and Wellek, Sophia}, title = {In the Shadow of Ukraine}, series = {Survival}, volume = {64}, journal = {Survival}, number = {3}, publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {126962024X}, doi = {10.1080/00396338.2022.2078045}, pages = {29 -- 48}, year = {2022}, abstract = {In 2022, India captured global attention over its response to the war in Ukraine. While calling for both parties' return to diplomacy, India abstained from several United Nations resolutions condemning Russian aggression. For a country that ostensibly subscribes to the values of democracy and territorial integrity, its response appeared frustrating and contradictory, but it is broadly consistent with its long-standing policy of non-alignment. Although India's relationship with China is increasingly contentious, New Delhi is not yet fully convinced that it is in India's interest to swing westwards. The country's relations with Russia and China are deep, complex and substantive. In addition to the military and economic benefits it derives from its connection with Russia, New Delhi and Moscow share an avowed preference for a more equal, multipolar world. India will eventually have to reflect on the extent to which it can sustain its balancing act.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Lange2018, author = {Lange, Anne}, title = {On a small scale}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {337}, year = {2018}, abstract = {This study argues that micro relations matter in peacekeeping. Asking what makes the implementation of peacekeeping interventions complex and how complexity is resolved, I find that formal, contractual mechanisms only rarely effectively reduce complexity - and that micro relations fill this gap. Micro relations are personal relationships resulting from frequent face-to-face interaction in professional and - equally importantly - social contexts. This study offers an explanation as to why micro relations are important for coping with complexity, in the form of a causal mechanism. For this purpose, I bring together theoretical and empirical knowledge: I draw upon the current debate on 'institutional complexity' (Greenwood et al. 2011) in organizational institutionalism as well as original empirical evidence from a within-case study of the peacekeeping intervention in Haiti, gained in ten weeks of field research. In this study, scholarship on institutional complexity serves to identify theoretical causal channels which guide empirical analysis. An additional, secondary aim is pursued with this mechanism-centered approach: testing the utility of Beach and Pedersen's (2013) theory-testing process tracing. Regarding the first research question - what makes the implementation of peacekeeping interventions complex -, the central finding is that complexity manifests itself in the dual role of organizations as cooperation partners and competitors for (scarce) resources, turf and influence. UN organizations, donor agencies and international NGOs implementing peacekeeping activities in post-conflict environments have chronic difficulty mastering both roles because they entail contradictory demands: effective cooperation requires information exchange, resource and responsibility-sharing as well as external scrutiny, whereas prevailing over competitors demands that organizations conceal information, guard resources, increase relative turf and influence, as well as shield themselves from scrutiny. Competition fuels organizational distrust and friction - and impedes cooperation. How is this complexity resolved? The answer to this second research question is that deep-seated organizational competition is routinely mediated - and cooperation motivated - in micro relations and micro interaction. Regular, frequent face-to-face interaction between individual organizational members generates social resources that help to transcend organizational distrust and conflict, most importantly familiarity with each other, personal trust and belief in reciprocity. Furthermore, informal conflict mediation and control mechanisms - namely, open discussion, mutual monitoring in direct interaction and social exclusion - enhance solidarity and mutual support.}, language = {en} } @techreport{Arajaervi2017, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Araj{\"a}rvi, Noora}, title = {The Requisite Rigour in the Identification of Customary International Law}, series = {KFG Working Paper Series}, journal = {KFG Working Paper Series}, number = {6}, issn = {2509-3770}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-42074}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-420742}, pages = {27}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Over the last few decades, the methodology for the identification of customary international law (CIL) has been changing. Both elements of CIL - practice and opinio juris - have assumed novel and broader forms, as noted in the Reports of the Special Rapporteur of the International Law Commission (2013, 2014, 2015, 2016). This paper discusses these Reports and the draft conclusions, and reaction by States in the Sixth Committee of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA), highlighting the areas of consensus and contestation. This ties to the analysis of the main doctrinal positions, with special attention being given to the two elements of CIL, and the role of the UNGA resolutions. The underlying motivation is to assess the real or perceived crisis of CIL, and the author develops the broader argument maintaining that in order to retain unity within international law, the internal limits of CIL must be carefully asserted.}, language = {en} } @techreport{Arajaervi2017, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Araj{\"a}rvi, Noora}, title = {The Rule of Law in the 2030 Agenda}, series = {KFG Working Paper Series}, journal = {KFG Working Paper Series}, number = {9}, issn = {2509-3770}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-42190}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-421906}, pages = {34}, year = {2017}, abstract = {The rule of law is the cornerstone of the international legal system. This paper shows, through analysis of intergovernmental instruments, statements made by representatives of States, and negotiation records, that the rule of law at the United Nations has become increasingly contested in the past years. More precisely, the argument builds on the process of integrating the notion of the rule of law into the Sustainable Development Goals, adopted in September 2015 in the document Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The main sections set out the background of the rule of law debate at the UN, the elements of the rule of law at the goal- and target-levels in the 2030 Agenda - especially in the SDG 16 -, and evaluate whether the rule of law in this context may be viewed as a normative and universal foundation of international law. The paper concludes, with reflections drawn from the process leading up to the 2030 Agenda and the final outcome document that the rule of law - or at least strong and precise formulations of the concept - may be in decline in institutional and normative settings. This can be perceived as symptomatic of a broader crisis of the international legal order.}, language = {en} } @book{Iro2009, author = {Iro, Andrea}, title = {The UN Peacebuilding Commission : lessons from Sierra Leone}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-940793-77-5}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-29599}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {109}, year = {2009}, abstract = {"The UN Peacebuilding Commission - Lessons from Sierra Leone" by political scientist Andrea Iro is an assessment of the United Nations Peacebuilding Commission (PBC) and the United Nations Peacebuilding Fund (PBF) by analysing their performance over the last two years in Sierra Leone, one of the first PBC focus countries. The paper explores the key question of how the PBC/PBF's mandate has been translated into operational practice in the field. It concludes that though the overall impact has been mainly positive and welcomed by the country, translating the general mandate into concrete activities remains a real challenge at the country level.}, language = {en} }