@article{RanLoveHeiberetal.2018,
  author    = {Ran, Niva A. and Love, John A. and Heiber, Michael C. and Jiao, Xuechen and Hughes, Michael P. and Karki, Akchheta and Wang, Ming and Brus, Viktor V. and Wang, Hengbin and Neher, Dieter and Ade, Harald and Bazan, Guillermo C. and Thuc-Quyen Nguyen,},
  title     = {Charge generation and recombination in an organic solar cell with low energetic offsets},
  series = {dvanced energy materials},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {dvanced energy materials},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {1614-6832},
  doi       = {10.1002/aenm.201701073},
  pages     = {12},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Organic bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells require energetic offsets between the donor and acceptor to obtain high short-circuit currents (J(SC)) and fill factors (FF). However, it is necessary to reduce the energetic offsets to achieve high open-circuit voltages (V-OC). Recently, reports have highlighted BHJ blends that are pushing at the accepted limits of energetic offsets necessary for high efficiency. Unfortunately, most of these BHJs have modest FF values. How the energetic offset impacts the solar cell characteristics thus remains poorly understood. Here, a comprehensive characterization of the losses in a polymer:fullerene BHJ blend, PIPCP:phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PC61BM), that achieves a high V-OC (0.9 V) with very low energy losses (E-loss = 0.52 eV) from the energy of absorbed photons, a respectable J(SC) (13 mA cm(-2)), but a limited FF (54\%) is reported. Despite the low energetic offset, the system does not suffer from field-dependent generation and instead it is characterized by very fast nongeminate recombination and the presence of shallow traps. The charge-carrier losses are attributed to suboptimal morphology due to high miscibility between PIPCP and PC61BM. These results hold promise that given the appropriate morphology, the J(SC), V-OC, and FF can all be improved, even with very low energetic offsets.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WangWhiteGrimmetal.2018,
  author    = {Wang, Ming and White, Neil and Grimm, Volker and Hofman, Helen and Doley, David and Thorp, Grant and Cribb, Bronwen and Wherritt, Ella and Han, Liqi and Wilkie, John and Hanan, Jim},
  title     = {Pattern-oriented modelling as a novel way to verify and validate functional-structural plant models},
  series = {Annals of botany},
  volume    = {121},
  journal   = {Annals of botany},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {0305-7364},
  doi       = {10.1093/aob/mcx187},
  pages     = {941 -- 959},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Background and Aims Functional-structural plant (FSP) models have been widely used to understand the complex interactions between plant architecture and underlying developmental mechanisms. However, to obtain evidence that a model captures these mechanisms correctly, a clear distinction must be made between model outputs used for calibration and thus verification, and outputs used for validation. In pattern-oriented modelling (POM), multiple verification patterns are used as filters for rejecting unrealistic model structures and parameter combinations, while a second, independent set of patterns is used for validation. Key Results After calibration, our model simultaneously reproduced multiple observed architectural patterns. The model then successfully predicted, without further calibration, the validation patterns. The model supports the hypothesis that carbon allocation can be modelled as being dependent on current organ biomass and sink strength of each organ type, and also predicted the observed developmental timing of the leaf sink-source transition stage.},
  language  = {en}
}