@article{Тарковская2016, author = {Тарковская, Марина}, title = {Биографические мотивы в фильмах Андрея Тарковского}, series = {Andrej Tarkovskij: Klassiker - Классик - Classic - Classico : Beitr{\"a}ge zum internationalen Tarkovskij-Symposium an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam ; Band 1}, journal = {Andrej Tarkovskij: Klassiker - Классик - Classic - Classico : Beitr{\"a}ge zum internationalen Tarkovskij-Symposium an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam ; Band 1}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-351-0}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-95512}, pages = {41 -- 48}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Биографические мотивы условно можно разделить на два вида: 1. Отдельные небольшие эпизоды или впечатления, запомнившие- ся Тарковскому, которые заняли свое точное место в его сценариях и фильмах. Режиссер А. Гордон условно назвал этот прием Тарковского «теорией пазлов». Такие элементы встречаются почти во всех фильмах Андрея Тарковского. 2. Расширенное включение в фильмы автобиографии, естественно, не во всей полноте. К таким фильмам относятся Зеркало (1974) и Offret («Жертвоприношение» - 1986).}, language = {ru} } @article{Салынский2016, author = {Салынский, Дмитрий}, title = {Солярис как процесс}, series = {Andrej Tarkovskij: Klassiker - Классик - Classic - Classico : Beitr{\"a}ge zum internationalen Tarkovskij-Symposium an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam ; Band 1}, journal = {Andrej Tarkovskij: Klassiker - Классик - Classic - Classico : Beitr{\"a}ge zum internationalen Tarkovskij-Symposium an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam ; Band 1}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-351-0}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-95529}, pages = {49 -- 63}, year = {2016}, language = {ru} } @article{Кононенко2016, author = {Кононенко, Наталия}, title = {Звуковые метафоры культурных пространств в фильмах А. Тарковского и А. Сокурова}, series = {Andrej Tarkovskij: Klassiker - Классик - Classic - Classico : Beitr{\"a}ge zum internationalen Tarkovskij-Symposium an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam ; Band 2}, journal = {Andrej Tarkovskij: Klassiker - Классик - Classic - Classico : Beitr{\"a}ge zum internationalen Tarkovskij-Symposium an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam ; Band 2}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-352-7}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-100431}, pages = {323 -- 338}, year = {2016}, language = {ru} } @article{Киршбаум2016, author = {Киршбаум, Генрих}, title = {Экфразы Андрея Тарковского и эстетика меланхолии в эпоху застоя}, series = {Andrej Tarkovskij: Klassiker - Классик - Classic - Classico : Beitr{\"a}ge zum internationalen Tarkovskij-Symposium an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam ; Band 2}, journal = {Andrej Tarkovskij: Klassiker - Классик - Classic - Classico : Beitr{\"a}ge zum internationalen Tarkovskij-Symposium an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam ; Band 2}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-352-7}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-100464}, pages = {377 -- 397}, year = {2016}, language = {ru} } @article{Градинари2016, author = {Градинари, Ирина}, title = {О новых истоках кино}, series = {Andrej Tarkovskij: Klassiker - Классик - Classic - Classico : Beitr{\"a}ge zum internationalen Tarkovskij-Symposium an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam ; Band 1}, journal = {Andrej Tarkovskij: Klassiker - Классик - Classic - Classico : Beitr{\"a}ge zum internationalen Tarkovskij-Symposium an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam ; Band 1}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-351-0}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-95556}, pages = {109 -- 126}, year = {2016}, language = {ru} } @article{Вардиц2016, author = {Вардиц, Владислава}, title = {Андрей Тарковский и Ларс фон Триер}, series = {Andrej Tarkovskij: Klassiker - Классик - Classic - Classico : Beitr{\"a}ge zum internationalen Tarkovskij-Symposium an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam ; Band 2}, journal = {Andrej Tarkovskij: Klassiker - Классик - Classic - Classico : Beitr{\"a}ge zum internationalen Tarkovskij-Symposium an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam ; Band 2}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-352-7}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-100562}, pages = {573 -- 586}, year = {2016}, language = {ru} } @article{Булгакова2016, author = {Булгакова, Оксана}, title = {Блуждающие цитаты}, series = {Andrej Tarkovskij: Klassiker - Классик - Classic - Classico : Beitr{\"a}ge zum internationalen Tarkovskij-Symposium an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam ; Band 2}, journal = {Andrej Tarkovskij: Klassiker - Классик - Classic - Classico : Beitr{\"a}ge zum internationalen Tarkovskij-Symposium an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam ; Band 2}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-352-7}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-100499}, pages = {435 -- 449}, year = {2016}, language = {ru} } @article{UestuenSheikhGimenezIbanezetal.2016, author = {{\"U}st{\"u}n, Suayib and Sheikh, Arsheed and Gimenez-Ibanez, Selena and Jones, Alexandra and Ntoukakis, Vardis and B{\"o}rnke, Frederik}, title = {The Proteasome Acts as a Hub for Plant Immunity and Is Targeted by Pseudomonas Type III Effectors}, series = {Plant physiology : an international journal devoted to physiology, biochemistry, cellular and molecular biology, biophysics and environmental biology of plants}, volume = {172}, journal = {Plant physiology : an international journal devoted to physiology, biochemistry, cellular and molecular biology, biophysics and environmental biology of plants}, publisher = {American Society of Plant Physiologists}, address = {Rockville}, issn = {0032-0889}, doi = {10.1104/pp.16.00808}, pages = {1941 -- 1958}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Recent evidence suggests that the ubiquitin-proteasome system is involved in several aspects of plant immunity and that a range of plant pathogens subvert the ubiquitin-proteasome system to enhance their virulence. Here, we show that proteasome activity is strongly induced during basal defense in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Mutant lines of the proteasome subunits RPT2a and RPN12a support increased bacterial growth of virulent Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato DC3000 (Pst) and Pseudomonas syringae pv maculicola ES4326. Both proteasome subunits are required for pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity responses. Analysis of bacterial growth after a secondary infection of systemic leaves revealed that the establishment of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is impaired in proteasome mutants, suggesting that the proteasome also plays an important role in defense priming and SAR. In addition, we show that Pst inhibits proteasome activity in a type III secretion-dependent manner. A screen for type III effector proteins from Pst for their ability to interfere with proteasome activity revealed HopM1, HopAO1, HopA1, and HopG1 as putative proteasome inhibitors. Biochemical characterization of HopM1 by mass spectrometry indicates that HopM1 interacts with several E3 ubiquitin ligases and proteasome subunits. This supports the hypothesis that HopM1 associates with the proteasome, leading to its inhibition. Thus, the proteasome is an essential component of pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity and SAR, which is targeted by multiple bacterial effectors.}, language = {en} } @article{CwiekKupczynskaAltmannArendetal.2016, author = {´Cwiek-Kupczynska, Hanna and Altmann, Thomas and Arend, Daniel and Arnaud, Elizabeth and Chen, Dijun and Cornut, Guillaume and Fiorani, Fabio and Frohmberg, Wojciech and Junker, Astrid and Klukas, Christian and Lange, Matthias and Mazurek, Cezary and Nafissi, Anahita and Neveu, Pascal and van Oeveren, Jan and Pommier, Cyril and Poorter, Hendrik and Rocca-Serra, Philippe and Sansone, Susanna-Assunta and Scholz, Uwe and van Schriek, Marco and Seren, {\"U}mit and Usadel, Bjorn and Weise, Stephan and Kersey, Paul and Krajewski, Pawel}, title = {Measures for interoperability of phenotypic data: minimum information requirements and formatting}, series = {Plant Methods}, volume = {12}, journal = {Plant Methods}, publisher = {BioMed Central}, address = {London}, issn = {1746-4811}, doi = {10.1186/s13007-016-0144-4}, pages = {18}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Background: Plant phenotypic data shrouds a wealth of information which, when accurately analysed and linked to other data types, brings to light the knowledge about the mechanisms of life. As phenotyping is a field of research comprising manifold, diverse and time-consuming experiments, the findings can be fostered by reusing and combining existing datasets. Their correct interpretation, and thus replicability, comparability and interoperability, is possible provided that the collected observations are equipped with an adequate set of metadata. So far there have been no common standards governing phenotypic data description, which hampered data exchange and reuse. Results: In this paper we propose the guidelines for proper handling of the information about plant phenotyping experiments, in terms of both the recommended content of the description and its formatting. We provide a document called "Minimum Information About a Plant Phenotyping Experiment", which specifies what information about each experiment should be given, and a Phenotyping Configuration for the ISA-Tab format, which allows to practically organise this information within a dataset. We provide examples of ISA-Tab-formatted phenotypic data, and a general description of a few systems where the recommendations have been implemented. Conclusions: Acceptance of the rules described in this paper by the plant phenotyping community will help to achieve findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable data.}, language = {en} } @article{ZuehlkeRiebeBeitzetal.2016, author = {Z{\"u}hlke, Martin and Riebe, Daniel and Beitz, Toralf and L{\"o}hmannsr{\"o}ben, Hans-Gerd and Andreotti, Sandro and Reinert, Knut and Zenichowski, Karl and Diener, Marc}, title = {High-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization ion mobility spectrometry: Characterization, data management, and applications}, series = {Journal of separation science}, volume = {39}, journal = {Journal of separation science}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1615-9306}, doi = {10.1002/jssc.201600749}, pages = {4756 -- 4764}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The combination of high-performance liquid chromatography and electrospray ionization ion mobility spectrometry facilitates the two-dimensional separation of complex mixtures in the retention and drift time plane. The ion mobility spectrometer presented here was optimized for flow rates customarily used in high-performance liquid chromatography between 100 and 1500 mu L/min. The characterization of the system with respect to such parameters as the peak capacity of each time dimension and of the 2D spectrum was carried out based on a separation of a pesticide mixture containing 24 substances. While the total ion current chromatogram is coarsely resolved, exhibiting coelutions for a number of compounds, all substances can be separately detected in the 2D plane due to the orthogonality of the separations in retention and drift dimensions. Another major advantage of the ion mobility detector is the identification of substances based on their characteristic mobilities. Electrospray ionization allows the detection of substances lacking a chromophore. As an example, the separation of a mixture of 18 amino acids is presented. A software built upon the free mass spectrometry package OpenMS was developed for processing the extensive 2D data. The different processing steps are implemented as separate modules which can be arranged in a graphic workflow facilitating automated processing of data.}, language = {en} } @article{ZoellerHolschneider2016, author = {Z{\"o}ller, Gert and Holschneider, Matthias}, title = {The Maximum Possible and the Maximum Expected Earthquake Magnitude for Production-Induced Earthquakes at the Gas Field in Groningen, The Netherlands}, series = {Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America}, volume = {106}, journal = {Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America}, publisher = {Seismological Society of America}, address = {Albany}, issn = {0037-1106}, doi = {10.1785/0120160220}, pages = {2917 -- 2921}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The Groningen gas field serves as a natural laboratory for production-induced earthquakes, because no earthquakes were observed before the beginning of gas production. Increasing gas production rates resulted in growing earthquake activity and eventually in the occurrence of the 2012M(w) 3.6 Huizinge earthquake. At least since this event, a detailed seismic hazard and risk assessment including estimation of the maximum earthquake magnitude is considered to be necessary to decide on the future gas production. In this short note, we first apply state-of-the-art methods of mathematical statistics to derive confidence intervals for the maximum possible earthquake magnitude m(max). Second, we calculate the maximum expected magnitude M-T in the time between 2016 and 2024 for three assumed gas-production scenarios. Using broadly accepted physical assumptions and 90\% confidence level, we suggest a value of m(max) 4.4, whereas M-T varies between 3.9 and 4.3, depending on the production scenario.}, language = {en} } @article{ZoellerHolschneider2016, author = {Z{\"o}ller, Gert and Holschneider, Matthias}, title = {The Earthquake History in a Fault Zone Tells Us Almost Nothing about m(max)}, series = {Seismological research letters}, volume = {87}, journal = {Seismological research letters}, publisher = {Seismological Society of America}, address = {Albany}, issn = {0895-0695}, doi = {10.1785/0220150176}, pages = {132 -- 137}, year = {2016}, abstract = {In the present study, we summarize and evaluate the endeavors from recent years to estimate the maximum possible earthquake magnitude m(max) from observed data. In particular, we use basic and physically motivated assumptions to identify best cases and worst cases in terms of lowest and highest degree of uncertainty of m(max). In a general framework, we demonstrate that earthquake data and earthquake proxy data recorded in a fault zone provide almost no information about m(max) unless reliable and homogeneous data of a long time interval, including several earthquakes with magnitude close to m(max), are available. Even if detailed earthquake information from some centuries including historic and paleoearthquakes are given, only very few, namely the largest events, will contribute at all to the estimation of m(max), and this results in unacceptably high uncertainties. As a consequence, estimators of m(max) in a fault zone, which are based solely on earthquake-related information from this region, have to be dismissed.}, language = {en} } @article{ZwickelKahlKlaffkeetal.2016, author = {Zwickel, Theresa and Kahl, Sandra and Klaffke, Horst and Rychlik, Michael and M{\"u}ller, Marina E. H.}, title = {Spotlight on the Underdogs-An Analysis of Underrepresented Alternaria Mycotoxins Formed Depending on Varying Substrate, Time and Temperature Conditions}, series = {Toxins}, volume = {8}, journal = {Toxins}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2072-6651}, doi = {10.3390/toxins8110344}, pages = {570 -- 583}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Alternaria (A.) is a genus of widespread fungi capable of producing numerous, possibly health-endangering Alternaria toxins (ATs), which are usually not the focus of attention. The formation of ATs depends on the species and complex interactions of various environmental factors and is not fully understood. In this study the influence of temperature (7 degrees C, 25 degrees C), substrate (rice, wheat kernels) and incubation time (4, 7, and 14 days) on the production of thirteen ATs and three sulfoconjugated ATs by three different Alternaria isolates from the species groups A. tenuissima and A. infectoria was determined. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry was used for quantification. Under nearly all conditions, tenuazonic acid was the most extensively produced toxin. At 25 degrees C and with increasing incubation time all toxins were formed in high amounts by the two A. tenuissima strains on both substrates with comparable mycotoxin profiles. However, for some of the toxins, stagnation or a decrease in production was observed from day 7 to 14. As opposed to the A. tenuissima strains, the A. infectoria strain only produced low amounts of ATs, but high concentrations of stemphyltoxin III. The results provide an essential insight into the quantitative in vitro AT formation under different environmental conditions, potentially transferable to different field and storage conditions.}, language = {en} } @article{ZurnicHuetterRzehaetal.2016, author = {Zurnic, Irena and H{\"u}tter, Sylvia and Rzeha, Ute and Stanke, Nicole and Reh, Juliane and M{\"u}llers, Erik and Hamann, Martin V. and Kern, Tobias and Gerresheim, Gesche K. and Lindel, Fabian and Serrao, Erik and Lesbats, Paul and Engelman, Alan N. and Cherepanov, Peter and Lindemann, Dirk}, title = {Interactions of Prototype Foamy Virus Capsids with Host Cell Polo-Like Kinases Are Important for Efficient Viral DNA Integration}, series = {PLoS Pathogens}, volume = {12}, journal = {PLoS Pathogens}, publisher = {PLoS}, address = {San Fransisco}, issn = {1553-7366}, doi = {10.1371/journal.ppat.1005860}, pages = {36}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Unlike for other retroviruses, only a few host cell factors that aid the replication of foamy viruses (FVs) via interaction with viral structural components are known. Using a yeast-two-hybrid (Y2H) screen with prototype FV (PFV) Gag protein as bait we identified human polo-like kinase 2 (hPLK2), a member of cell cycle regulatory kinases, as a new interactor of PFV capsids. Further Y2H studies confirmed interaction of PFV Gag with several PLKs of both human and rat origin. A consensus Ser-Thr/Ser-Pro (S-T/S-P) motif in Gag, which is conserved among primate FVs and phosphorylated in PFV virions, was essential for recognition by PLKs. In the case of rat PLK2, functional kinase and polo-box domains were required for interaction with PFV Gag. Fluorescently-tagged PFV Gag, through its chromatin tethering function, selectively relocalized ectopically expressed eGFP-tagged PLK proteins to mitotic chromosomes in a Gag STP motif-dependent manner, confirming a specific and dominant nature of the Gag-PLK interaction in mammalian cells. The functional relevance of the Gag-PLK interaction was examined in the context of replication-competent FVs and single-round PFV vectors. Although STP motif mutated viruses displayed wild type (wt) particle release, RNA packaging and intra-particle reverse transcription, their replication capacity was decreased 3-fold in single-cycle infections, and up to 20-fold in spreading infections over an extended time period. Strikingly similar defects were observed when cells infected with single-round wt Gag PFV vectors were treated with a pan PLK inhibitor. Analysis of entry kinetics of the mutant viruses indicated a post-fusion defect resulting in delayed and reduced integration, which was accompanied with an enhanced preference to integrate into heterochromatin. We conclude that interaction between PFV Gag and cellular PLK proteins is important for early replication steps of PFV within host cells.}, language = {en} } @article{ZscheygeWeicker2016, author = {Zscheyge, Oliver and Weicker, Karsten}, title = {Werkzeugunterst{\"u}tzung bei der Vermittlung der Grundlagen wissenschaftlichen Schreibens}, series = {Commentarii informaticae didacticae (CID)}, journal = {Commentarii informaticae didacticae (CID)}, number = {10}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-376-3}, issn = {1868-0844}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-94814}, pages = {57 -- 68}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Der Unterricht großer Studierendengruppen im wissenschaftlichen Schreiben birgt vielf{\"a}ltige organisatorische Herausforderungen und eine zeitintensive Betreuung durch die Dozenten. Diese Arbeit stellt ein Lehrkonzept mit Peer-Reviews vor, in dem das Feedback der Peers durch eine automatisierte Analyse erg{\"a}nzt wird. Die Software Confopy liefert metrik- und strukturbasierte Hinweise f{\"u}r die Verbesserung des wissenschaftlichen Schreibstils. Der Nutzen von Confopy wird an 47 studentischen Arbeiten in Draft- und Final-Version illustriert.}, language = {de} } @article{Zoref2016, author = {Zoref, Arye}, title = {Journeys for God in Ṣūfī and Judeo Arabic Literature}, series = {PaRDeS : Journal of the Association of Jewish Studies [22 (2016)] = Muslim-Jewish Dialogue}, volume = {22}, journal = {PaRDeS : Journal of the Association of Jewish Studies [22 (2016)] = Muslim-Jewish Dialogue}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-370-1}, issn = {1614-6492}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-99635}, pages = {109 -- 119}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Das Konzept der drei Reisen als einen Weg zur spirituellen Entwicklung wurde von einem der Gr{\"u}nderv{\"a}ter der islamischen Mystik, Dhu al-Nun, eingef{\"u}hrt. Sp{\"a}ter wurde die Anwendung des Konzepts verfeinert, indem es mit der sufischen Technik verschiedene Pr{\"a}positionen hinzuzuf{\"u}gen kombiniert wurde, um dadurch zwischen den spirituellen Stufen zu unterscheiden. Mit der Verwendung der W{\"o}rter Reise (Safar) und Gott (Allah) und dem Hinzuf{\"u}gen einer Pr{\"a}position zum Wort Gott konnten sufische Schriftsteller die verschiedenen Wege zu Gott oder die Stationen (Maqamat) auf diesem Weg aufzeichnen. Ibn al-'Arabi spricht Anfang des dreizehnten Jahrhunderts von drei verschiedenen Wegen: von Gott, zu Gott und in Gott. Am Ende des dreizehnten Jahrhunderts spricht der j{\"u}disch-arabische Bibelkommentator Tanchum ha-Yerushalmi von den drei Reisen als drei Stationen eines kontinuierlichen Weges. Eine nahezu identische Beschreibung ist eine Generation danach beim muslimischen Gelehrten Qayyim al-Jawziyya zu finden. Aus den drei Reisen werden im vierzehnten Jahrhundert in den Schriften des sufischen Schriftstellers al-Qashani vier, wobei das Schema der drei Pr{\"a}positionen beibehalten wurde. Kurz vor dem Ende des vierzehnten Jahrhunderts sind in den Schriften von R. David ha-Nagid nur noch zwei Reisen zu finden: zu Gott und in Gott. All dies zeigt uns, dass uns die j{\"u}disch-arabische Literatur dabei helfen kann die geschichtliche Entwicklung der sufischen Ideen genauer nachzuzeichnen.}, language = {en} } @article{ZohselBaldusSchmidtetal.2016, author = {Zohsel, Katrin and Baldus, Christiane and Schmidt, Martin H. and Esser, G{\"u}nter and Banaschewski, Tobias and Thomasius, Rainer and Laucht, Manfred}, title = {Predicting later problematic cannabis use from psychopathological symptoms during childhood and adolescence: Results of a 25-year longitudinal study}, series = {Drug and alcohol dependence : an international journal on biomedical and psychosocial approaches}, volume = {163}, journal = {Drug and alcohol dependence : an international journal on biomedical and psychosocial approaches}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Clare}, issn = {0376-8716}, doi = {10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.04.012}, pages = {251 -- 255}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Background: Cannabis is the most commonly used illegal substance among adolescents and young adults. Problematic cannabis use is often associated with comorbid psychopathological problems. The purpose of the current study was to elucidate the underlying developmental processes connecting externalizing and internalizing psychopathology in childhood and adolescence with problematic cannabis use in young adulthood. Methods: Data were drawn from the Mannheim Study of Children at Risk, an ongoing epidemiological cohort study from birth to adulthood. For n = 307 participants, symptom scores of conduct/oppositional defiant disorder, attention problems, hyperactivity/impulsivity, and internalizing disorders were available for the periods of childhood (4.5-11 years) and adolescence (15 years). At age 25 years, problematic cannabis use was assessed via clinical interview and a self-rating questionnaire. Results: At age 25 years, problematic cannabis use was identified in n = 28 participants (9.1\%). Childhood conduct/oppositional behavior problems were predictive of problematic cannabis use during young adulthood when comorbid symptoms were controlled for. No such effect was found for childhood attention, hyperactivity/impulsivity or internalizing problems. With respect to psychopathological symptoms during adolescence, only attention problems were significantly related to later problematic cannabis use when controlling for comorbidity. Conclusions: The current study highlights the role of conduct/oppositional behavior problems during childhood and attention problems during adolescence in later problematic cannabis use. It sheds more light on the developmental sequence of childhood and adolescence psychopathology and young adult cannabis use, which is a prerequisite for effective prevention approaches. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @article{Zimmermann2016, author = {Zimmermann, Malte}, title = {Predicate focus}, series = {The Oxford handbook of information structure}, journal = {The Oxford handbook of information structure}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, address = {Oxford}, isbn = {978-0-19-964267-0}, pages = {314 -- 335}, year = {2016}, language = {en} } @article{Zimmermann2016, author = {Zimmermann, Andreas}, title = {Finally...Or would rather less have been more?}, series = {Journal of International Criminal Justice}, volume = {14}, journal = {Journal of International Criminal Justice}, number = {3}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, address = {Oxford}, doi = {10.1093/jicj/mqw012}, pages = {505 -- 517}, year = {2016}, abstract = {In November 2015, the 14th Session of the Assembly of States Parties to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC) adopted, by consensus, an amendment providing for the deletion of Article 124 of the ICC Statute, which so far enables contracting parties, when joining the Statute, to opt out from the ICC's treaty-based war crimes-related jurisdiction. After considering the genesis of the provision and the practice arising under Article 124 of the ICC Statute so far, this article considers the arguments for and against the deletion of Article 124 in light of the increasingly small number of accessions to the ICC Statute that have been forthcoming in the last few years. It also analyses the quite strict requirements for the entry into force of the amendment, as well as the effect of the entry into force of the amendment on possible declarations having been made pending such entry into force. It ends by considering the positive effect a continued applicability of Article 124 may have on states so far being reluctant to accede to the ICC Statute.}, language = {en} } @article{Zimmermann2016, author = {Zimmermann, Andreas}, title = {Art. 116 Abs. 2 GG - ein verfassungsrechtliches Auslaufmodell}, series = {Die {\"O}ffentliche Verwaltung}, volume = {3}, journal = {Die {\"O}ffentliche Verwaltung}, publisher = {Kohlhammer}, address = {Stuttgart}, isbn = {0029-859X}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Zur Wiedergutmachung nationalsozialistischen Unrechts garantiert Art. 116 Abs. 2 GG Abk{\"o}mmlingen von in diskriminierender Weise ausgeb{\"u}rgerten Deutschen die deutsche Staatsangeh{\"o}rigkeit. Dadurch soll der Zustand wiederhergestellt werden, der ohne die Ausb{\"u}rgerung bestehen w{\"u}rde. Daher wird insoweit regelm{\"a}ßig auf das geltende Staatsangeh{\"o}rigkeitsrecht abgestellt. \S 4 Abs. 4 StAG hat im Jahr 2000 eine Beschr{\"a}nkung der Weitergabe der deutschen Staatsangeh{\"o}rigkeit f{\"u}r im Ausland geborene Kinder deutscher Staatsangeh{\"o}riger eingef{\"u}hrt, die selbst bereits im Ausland geboren wurden. Dadurch wird m{\"o}glicherweise der Anwendungsbereich des Art. 116 Abs. 2 GG dauerhaft signifikant eingeschr{\"a}nkt; unter Umst{\"a}nden wird die Norm gar obsolet. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird das Spannungsverh{\"a}ltnis zwischen der uneingeschr{\"a}nkten Anwendung des \S 4 Abs. 4 StAG mit dem verfassungsrechtlich verb{\"u}rgerten Recht auf Wiedereinb{\"u}rgerung von Kindern zu Unrecht ausgeb{\"u}rgerter Deutscher er{\"o}rtert.}, language = {de} } @article{Zimmermann2016, author = {Zimmermann, Andreas}, title = {Finally ... Or Would Rather Less Have Been More? The Recent Amendment on the Deletion of Article 124 of the Rome Statute and the Continued Quest for the Universality of the International Criminal Court}, series = {Journal of international criminal justice}, volume = {14}, journal = {Journal of international criminal justice}, publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {1478-1387}, doi = {10.1093/jicj/mqw012}, pages = {505 -- 517}, year = {2016}, abstract = {In November 2015, the 14th Session of the Assembly of States Parties to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC) adopted, by consensus, an amendment providing for the deletion of Article 124 of the ICC Statute, which so far enables contracting parties, when joining the Statute, to opt out from the ICC's treaty-based war crimes-related jurisdiction. After considering the genesis of the provision and the practice arising under Article 124 of the ICC Statute so far, this article considers the arguments for and against the deletion of Article 124 in light of the increasingly small number of accessions to the ICC Statute that have been forthcoming in the last few years. It also analyses the quite strict requirements for the entry into force of the amendment, as well as the effect of the entry into force of the amendment on possible declarations having been made pending such entry into force. It ends by considering the positive effect a continued applicability of Article 124 may have on states so far being reluctant to accede to the ICC Statute.}, language = {en} } @article{ZimmermannVossMetzgeretal.2016, author = {Zimmermann, Alexander and Voss, Sebastian and Metzger, Johanna Clara and Hildebrandt, Anke and Zimmermann, Beate}, title = {estimating mean throughfall}, series = {Journal of hydrology}, volume = {542}, journal = {Journal of hydrology}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0022-1694}, doi = {10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.09.047}, pages = {781 -- 789}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The selection of an appropriate spatial extent of a sampling plot is one among several important decisions involved in planning a throughfall sampling scheme. In fact, the choice of the extent may determine whether or not a study can adequately characterize the hydrological fluxes of the studied ecosystem. Previous attempts to optimize throughfall sampling schemes focused on the selection of an appropriate sample size, support, and sampling design, while comparatively little attention has been given to the role of the extent. In this contribution, we investigated the influence of the extent on the representativeness of mean throughfall estimates for three forest ecosystems of varying stand structure. Our study is based on virtual sampling of simulated throughfall fields. We derived these fields from throughfall data sampled in a simply structured forest (young tropical forest) and two heterogeneous forests (old tropical forest, unmanaged mixed European beech forest). We then sampled the simulated throughfall fields with three common extents and various sample sizes for a range of events and for accumulated data. Our findings suggest that the size of the study area should be carefully adapted to the complexity of the system under study and to the required temporal resolution of the throughfall data (i.e. event-based versus accumulated). Generally, event-based sampling in complex structured forests (conditions that favor comparatively long autocorrelations in throughfall) requires the largest extents. For event-based sampling, the choice of an appropriate extent can be as important as using an adequate sample size. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @article{ZieglerRajabiHeidbachetal.2016, author = {Ziegler, Moritz O. and Rajabi, Mojtaba and Heidbach, Oliver and Hersir, Gylfi Pall and Agustsson, Kristjan and Arnadottir, Sigurveig and Zang, Arno}, title = {The stress pattern of Iceland}, series = {Tectonophysics : international journal of geotectonics and the geology and physics of the interior of the earth}, volume = {674}, journal = {Tectonophysics : international journal of geotectonics and the geology and physics of the interior of the earth}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0040-1951}, doi = {10.1016/j.tecto.2016.02.008}, pages = {101 -- 113}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Iceland is located on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge which is the plate boundary between the Eurasian and the North American plates. It is one of the few places on earth where an active spreading centre is located onshore but the stress pattern has not been extensively investigated so far. In this paper we present a comprehensive compilation of the orientation of maximum horizontal stress (S-Hmax). In particular we interpret borehole breakouts and drilling induced fractures from borehole image logs in 57 geothermal wells onshore Iceland. The borehole results are combined with other stress indicators including earthquake focal mechanism solutions, geological information and overcoring measurements resulting in a dataset with 495 data records for the S-Hmax orientation. The reliability of each indicator is assessed according to the quality criteria of the World Stress Map project The majority of S-Hmax orientation data records in Iceland is derived from earthquake focal mechanism solutions (35\%) and geological fault slip inversions (26\%). 20\% of the data are borehole related stress indicators. In addition minor shares of S-Hmax orientations are compiled, amongst others, from focal mechanism inversions and the alignment of fissure eruptions. The results show that the S-Hmax orientations derived from different depths and stress indicators are consistent with each other. The resulting pattern of the present-day stress in Iceland has four distinct subsets of S-Hmax orientations. The S-Hmax orientation is parallel to the rift axes in the vicinity of the active spreading regions. It changes from NE-SW in the South to approximately N-S in central Iceland and NNW-SSE in the North. In the Westfjords which is located far away from the ridge the regional S-Hmax rotates and is parallel to the plate motion. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @article{ZieglerHeidbachReineckeretal.2016, author = {Ziegler, Moritz O. and Heidbach, Oliver and Reinecker, John and Przybycin, Anna M. and Scheck-Wenderoth, Magdalena}, title = {A multi-stage 3-D stress field modelling approach exemplified in the Bavarian Molasse Basin}, series = {Solid earth}, volume = {7}, journal = {Solid earth}, publisher = {Copernicus}, address = {G{\"o}ttingen}, issn = {1869-9510}, doi = {10.5194/se-7-1365-2016}, pages = {1365 -- 1382}, year = {2016}, language = {en} } @article{ZieglerRichterHollenbachBiele2016, author = {Ziegler, Corrina and Richter, Dirk and Hollenbach-Biele, Nicole}, title = {Inklusive und nicht inklusive Schulen im Vergleich}, series = {Inklusion kann gelinge! Forschungsergebnisse und Beispiele guter schulischer Praxis}, journal = {Inklusion kann gelinge! Forschungsergebnisse und Beispiele guter schulischer Praxis}, publisher = {Bertelsmann Stiftung}, address = {G{\"u}tersloh}, isbn = {978-3-86793-665-1}, pages = {67 -- 81}, year = {2016}, language = {de} } @article{ZibulskiHerzschuhPestryakova2016, author = {Zibulski, Romy and Herzschuh, Ulrike and Pestryakova, Luidmila Agafyevna}, title = {Vegetation patterns along micro-relief and vegetation type transects in polygonal landscapes of the Siberian Arctic}, series = {Journal of vegetation science}, volume = {27}, journal = {Journal of vegetation science}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {1100-9233}, doi = {10.1111/jvs.12356}, pages = {377 -- 386}, year = {2016}, abstract = {QuestionHow important is the effect of micro-relief and vegetation type on the characteristics of vascular plants and bryophytes in low-centred polygons? LocationSiberian Arctic, Russia. MethodsEight low-centred polygons in northern Siberia were surveyed for vegetation along transects running from the rim to the pond via the rim-pond transition of each polygon and across a vegetation type gradient from open forest to tundra. ResultsThe cover of vascular plants and bryophytes displays no significant differences between the rim and rim-pond transition but is significantly lower in the pond section of the polygons. Alpha-diversity of vascular plants decreases strongly from rim to pond, whereas bryophyte diversity in pond plots is significantly distinct from the rim and the rim-pond transition. There is no clear trend in cover for either plant group along the vegetation type transect and only a weak trend in -diversity. However, both gradients are reflected in the compositional turnover. The applied indicator species analysis identified taxa characteristic of certain environmental conditions. Among others, we found vascular plants primarily characteristic of the rim and bryophyte taxa characteristic of each micro-relief level and vegetation type. ConclusionsThe observed gradual pattern in -diversity and composition of polygonal vegetation suggests that micro-relief is the main driver of changes in the vegetation composition, while vegetation type and the related forest cover change are of subordinate importance for polygonal vegetation patterns along the Siberian tree line.}, language = {en} } @article{ZhuSchluppTiedemann2016, author = {Zhu, Fangjun and Schlupp, Ingo and Tiedemann, Ralph}, title = {Sequence Evolution and Expression of the Androgen Receptor and Other Pathway-Related Genes in a Unisexual Fish, the Amazon Molly, Poecilia formosa, and Its Bisexual Ancestors}, series = {PLoS one}, volume = {11}, journal = {PLoS one}, publisher = {PLoS}, address = {San Fransisco}, issn = {1932-6203}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0156209}, pages = {19}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The all-female Amazon molly (Poecilia formosa) originated from a single hybridization of two bisexual ancestors, Atlantic molly (Poecilia mexicana) and sailfin molly (Poecilia latipinna). As a gynogenetic species, the Amazon molly needs to copulate with a heterospecific male, but the genetic information of the sperm-donor does not contribute to the next generation, as the sperm only acts as the trigger for the diploid eggs' embryogenesis. Here, we study the sequence evolution and gene expression of the duplicated genes coding for androgen receptors (ars) and other pathway-related genes, i.e., the estrogen receptors (ers) and cytochrome P450, family19, subfamily A, aromatase genes (cyp19as), in the Amazon molly, in comparison to its bisexual ancestors. Mollies possess-as most other teleost fish—two copies of the ar, er, and cyp19a genes, i.e., ar\&\#945;/ar\&\#946;, er\&\#945;/er\&\#946;1, and cyp19a1 (also referred as cyp19a1a)/cyp19a2 (also referred to as cyp19a1b), respectively. Non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among the ancestral bisexual species were generally predicted not to alter protein function. Some derived substitutions in the P. mexicana and one in P. formosa are predicted to impact protein function. We also describe the gene expression pattern of the ars and pathway-related genes in various tissues (i.e., brain, gill, and ovary) and provide SNP markers for allele specific expression research. As a general tendency, the levels of gene expression were lowest in gill and highest in ovarian tissues, while expression levels in the brain were intermediate in most cases. Expression levels in P. formosa were conserved where expression did not differ between the two bisexual ancestors. In those cases where gene expression levels significantly differed between the bisexual species, P. formosa expression was always comparable to the higher expression level among the two ancestors. Interestingly, er\&\#946;1 was expressed neither in brain nor in gill in the analyzed three molly species, which implies a more important role of er\&\#945; in the estradiol synthesis pathway in these tissues. Furthermore, our data suggest that interactions of steroid-signaling pathway genes differ across tissues, in particular the interactions of ars and cyp19as.}, language = {en} } @article{ZhuSchluppTiedemann2016, author = {Zhu, Fangjun and Schlupp, Ingo and Tiedemann, Ralph}, title = {Sequence Evolution and Expression of the Androgen Receptor and Other Pathway-Related Genes in a Unisexual Fish, the Amazon Molly, Poecilia formosa, and Its Bisexual Ancestors}, series = {PLoS one}, volume = {11}, journal = {PLoS one}, number = {6}, publisher = {PLoS}, address = {Lawrence, Kan.}, issn = {1932-6203}, doi = {10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0156209}, pages = {19}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The all-female Amazon molly (Poecilia formosa) originated from a single hybridization of two bisexual ancestors, Atlantic molly (Poecilia mexicana) and sailfin molly (Poecilia latipinna). As a gynogenetic species, the Amazon molly needs to copulate with a heterospecific male, but the genetic information of the sperm-donor does not contribute to the next generation, as the sperm only acts as the trigger for the diploid eggs' embryogenesis. Here, we study the sequence evolution and gene expression of the duplicated genes coding for androgen receptors (ars) and other pathway-related genes, i.e., the estrogen receptors (ers) and cytochrome P450, family19, subfamily A, aromatase genes (cyp19as), in the Amazon molly, in comparison to its bisexual ancestors. Mollies possess-as most other teleost fish—two copies of the ar, er, and cyp19a genes, i.e., arα/arβ, erα/erβ1, and cyp19a1 (also referred as cyp19a1a)/cyp19a2 (also referred to as cyp19a1b), respectively. Non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among the ancestral bisexual species were generally predicted not to alter protein function. Some derived substitutions in the P. mexicana and one in P. formosa are predicted to impact protein function. We also describe the gene expression pattern of the ars and pathway-related genes in various tissues (i.e., brain, gill, and ovary) and provide SNP markers for allele specific expression research. As a general tendency, the levels of gene expression were lowest in gill and highest in ovarian tissues, while expression levels in the brain were intermediate in most cases. Expression levels in P. formosa were conserved where expression did not differ between the two bisexual ancestors. In those cases where gene expression levels significantly differed between the bisexual species, P. formosa expression was always comparable to the higher expression level among the two ancestors. Interestingly, erβ1 was expressed neither in brain nor in gill in the analyzed three molly species, which implies a more important role of erα in the estradiol synthesis pathway in these tissues. Furthermore, our data suggest that interactions of steroid-signaling pathway genes differ across tissues, in particular the interactions of ars and cyp19as.}, language = {en} } @article{ZhouZengFuetal.2016, author = {Zhou, Ying and Zeng, Lanting and Fu, Xiumin and Mei, Xin and Cheng, Sihua and Liao, Yinyin and Deng, Rufang and Xu, Xinlan and Jiang, Yueming and Duan, Xuewu and Baldermann, Susanne and Yang, Ziyin}, title = {The sphingolipid biosynthetic enzyme Sphingolipid delta8 desaturase is important for chilling resistance of tomato}, series = {Scientific reports}, volume = {6}, journal = {Scientific reports}, publisher = {Nature Publ. Group}, address = {London}, issn = {2045-2322}, doi = {10.1038/srep38742}, pages = {10}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The physiological functions of sphingolipids in animals have been intensively studied, while less attention has been paid to their roles in plants. Here, we reveal the involvement of sphingolipid delta8 desaturase (SlSLD) in the chilling resistance of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Micro-Tom). We used the virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) approach to knock-down SlSLD expression in tomato leaves, and then evaluated chilling resistance. Changes in leaf cell structure under a chilling treatment were observed by transmission electron microscopy. In control plants, SlSLD was highly expressed in the fruit and leaves in response to a chilling treatment. The degree of chilling damage was greater in SlSLD-silenced plants than in control plants, indicating that SlSLD knock-down significantly reduced the chilling resistance of tomato. Compared with control plants, SlSLD-silenced plants showed higher relative electrolytic leakage and malondialdehyde content, and lower superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities after a chilling treatment. Chilling severely damaged the chloroplasts in SlSLD-silenced plants, resulting in the disruption of chloroplast membranes, swelling of thylakoids, and reduced granal stacking. Together, these results show that SlSLD is crucial for chilling resistance in tomato.}, language = {en} } @article{ZhouSchoenbohmSobeletal.2016, author = {Zhou, Renjie and Schoenbohm, Lindsay M. and Sobel, Edward and Carrapa, Barbara and Davis, Donald W.}, title = {Sedimentary record of regional deformation and dynamics of the thick-skinned southern Puna Plateau, central Andes (26-27 degrees S)}, series = {Earth \& planetary science letters}, volume = {433}, journal = {Earth \& planetary science letters}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0012-821X}, doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2015.11.012}, pages = {317 -- 325}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The Puna Plateau, adjacent Eastern Cordillera and the Sierras Pampeanas of the central Andes are largely characterized by thick-skinned, basement-involved deformation. The Puna Plateau hosts similar to N-S trending bedrock ranges bounded by deep-seated reverse faults and sedimentary basins. We contribute to the understanding of thick-skinned dynamics in the Puna Plateau by constraining regional kinematics of the poorly understood southern Puna Plateau through a multidisciplinary approach. On the southeastern plateau, sandstone modal composition and detrital zircon U-Pb and apatite fission-track data from Cenozoic strata indicate basin accumulation during the late Eocene to early Oligocene (similar to 38-28 Ma). Provenance analysis reveals the existence of a regional-scale basin covering the southern Puna Plateau during late Eocene to early Oligocene time (similar to 38-28 Ma) that was sourced from both the western plateau and the eastern plateau margin and had a depocenter located to the west. Petrographic and detrital zircon U-Pb data reveal erosion of proximal western and eastern sources after 12 Ma, in mid-late Miocene time. This indicates that the regional basin was compartmentalized into small-scale depocenters by the growth of basement-cored ranges continuing into the late Miocene (similar to 12-8 Ma). We suggest that the Cenozoic history of the southern Puna Plateau records the formation of a regional basin that was possibly driven by lithospheric flexure during the late Eocene to early Oligocene, before the growth of distributed basement-cored ranges starting as early as the late Oligocene. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @article{ZhouWuennemannKuhnetal.2016, author = {Zhou, Qihui and Wuennemann, Patrick and Kuhn, Philipp Till and de Vries, Joop and Helmin, Marta and B{\"o}ker, Alexander and van Kooten, Theo G. and van Rijn, Patrick}, title = {Mechanical Properties of Aligned Nanotopologies for Directing Cellular Behavior}, series = {Advanced materials interfaces}, volume = {3}, journal = {Advanced materials interfaces}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {2196-7350}, doi = {10.1002/admi.201600275}, pages = {10}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Tailoring cell-surface interactions is important for the of design medical implants as well as regenerative medicine and tissue engineering materials. Here the single parameter system is transcended via translating hard nanotopology into soft polymeric hydrogel structures via hydrogel imprinting lithography. The response of these cells to the nanotopology of the same dimensions but with different mechanical properties displays unexpected behavior between "hard" tissue cells and "soft" tissue cells.}, language = {en} } @article{ZhouLauwaetHooyberghsetal.2016, author = {Zhou, Bin and Lauwaet, Dirk and Hooyberghs, Hans and De Ridder, Koen and Kropp, J{\"u}rgen and Rybski, Diego}, title = {Assessing Seasonality in the Surface Urban Heat Island of London}, series = {Journal of applied meteorology and climatology}, volume = {55}, journal = {Journal of applied meteorology and climatology}, publisher = {American Meteorological Soc.}, address = {Boston}, issn = {1558-8424}, doi = {10.1175/JAMC-D-15-0041.1}, pages = {493 -- 505}, year = {2016}, abstract = {This paper assesses the seasonality of the urban heat island (UHI) effect in the Greater London area (United Kingdom). Combining satellite-based observations and urban boundary layer climate modeling with the UrbClim model, the authors are able to address the seasonality of UHI intensity, on the basis of both land surface temperature (LST) and 2-m air temperature, for four individual times of the day (0130, 1030, 1330, and 2230 local time) and the daily means derived from them. An objective of this paper is to investigate whether the UHI intensities that are based on both quantities exhibit a similar hysteresis-like trajectory that is observed for LST when plotting the UHI intensity against the background temperature. The results show that the UrbClim model can satisfactorily reproduce both the observed urban rural LSTs and 2-m air temperatures as well as their differences and the hysteresis in the surface UHI. The hysteresis-like seasonality is largely absent in both the observed and modeled 2-m air temperatures, however. A sensitivity simulation of the UHI intensity to incoming solar radiation suggests that the hysteresis of the LST can mainly be attributed to the seasonal variation in incoming solar radiation.}, language = {en} } @article{ZhongMetwalliRawolleetal.2016, author = {Zhong, Qi and Metwalli, Ezzeldin and Rawolle, Monika and Kaune, Gunar and Bivigou Koumba, Achille Mayelle and Laschewsky, Andre and Papadakis, Christine M. and Cubitt, Robert and Wang, Jiping and M{\"u}ller-Buschbaum, Peter}, title = {Influence of Hydrophobic Polystyrene Blocks on the Rehydration of Polystyrene-block-poly(methoxy diethylene glycol acrylate)-block-polystyrene Films Investigated by in Situ Neutron Reflectivity}, series = {Macromolecules : a publication of the American Chemical Society}, volume = {49}, journal = {Macromolecules : a publication of the American Chemical Society}, publisher = {American Chemical Society}, address = {Washington}, issn = {0024-9297}, doi = {10.1021/acs.macromol.5b02279}, pages = {317 -- 326}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The rehydration of thermoresponsive polystyrene-block-poly(methoxy diethylene glycol acrylate)-block-polystyrene (PS-b-PMDEGA-b-PS) films forming a lamellar microphase-separated structure is investigated by in situ neutron reflectivity in a D2O vapor atmosphere. The rehydration of collapsed PS-b-PMDEGA-b-PS films is realized by a temperature change from 45 to 23 degrees C and comprises (1) condensation and absorption of D2O, (2) evaporation of D2O, and (3) reswelling of the film due to internal rearrangement. The hydrophobic PS layers hinder the absorption of condensed D2O, and a redistribution of embedded D2O between the hydrophobic PS layers and the hydrophilic PMDEGA layers is observed. In contrast, the rehydration of semiswollen PS-b-PMDEGA-b-PS films (temperature change from 35 to 23 degrees C) shows two prominent differences: A thicker D2O layer condenses on the surface, causing a more enhanced evaporation of D2O. The rehydrated films differ in film thickness and volume fraction of D2O, which is due to the different thermal protocols, although the final temperature is identical.}, language = {en} } @article{ZhelavskayaSpasojevicShpritsetal.2016, author = {Zhelavskaya, Irina and Spasojevic, M. and Shprits, Yuri and Kurth, William S.}, title = {Automated determination of electron density from electric field measurements on the Van Allen Probes spacecraft}, series = {Journal of geophysical research : Space physics}, volume = {121}, journal = {Journal of geophysical research : Space physics}, publisher = {American Geophysical Union}, address = {Washington}, issn = {2169-9380}, doi = {10.1002/2015JA022132}, pages = {4611 -- 4625}, year = {2016}, abstract = {We present the Neural-network-based Upper hybrid Resonance Determination (NURD) algorithm for automatic inference of the electron number density from plasma wave measurements made on board NASA's Van Allen Probes mission. A feedforward neural network is developed to determine the upper hybrid resonance frequency, fuhr, from electric field measurements, which is then used to calculate the electron number density. In previous missions, the plasma resonance bands were manually identified, and there have been few attempts to do robust, routine automated detections. We describe the design and implementation of the algorithm and perform an initial analysis of the resulting electron number density distribution obtained by applying NURD to 2.5 years of data collected with the Electric and Magnetic Field Instrument Suite and Integrated Science (EMFISIS) instrumentation suite of the Van Allen Probes mission. Densities obtained by NURD are compared to those obtained by another recently developed automated technique and also to an existing empirical plasmasphere and trough density model.}, language = {en} } @article{ZhangXuGaillardetal.2016, author = {Zhang, Shengrui and Xu, Qinghai and Gaillard, Marie-Jose and Cao, Xianyong and Li, Jianyong and Zhang, Liyan and Li, Yuecong and Tian, Fang and Zhou, Liping and Lin, Fengyou and Yang, Xiaolan}, title = {Characteristic pollen source area and vertical pollen dispersal and deposition in a mixed coniferous and deciduous broad-leaved woodland in the Changbai mountains, northeast China}, series = {Vegetation History and Archaeobotany}, volume = {25}, journal = {Vegetation History and Archaeobotany}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {New York}, issn = {0939-6314}, doi = {10.1007/s00334-015-0532-0}, pages = {29 -- 43}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Pollen influx (number of pollen grains cm\&\#8722;2 year\&\#8722;1) can objectively reflect the dispersal and deposition features of pollen within a certain time and space, and is often used as a basis for the quantitative reconstruction of palaeovegetation; however, little is known about the features and mechanisms of vertical dispersal of pollen. Here we present the results from a 5 year (2006-2010) monitoring program using pollen traps placed at different heights from ground level up to 60 m and surface soil samples in a mixed coniferous and deciduous broad-leaved woodland in the Changbai mountains, northeastern China. The pollen percentages and pollen influx from the traps have very similar characteristics to the highest values for Betula, Fraxinus, Quercus and Pinus, among the tree taxa and Artemisia, Chenopodiaceae and Asteraceae among the herb taxa. Pollen influx values vary significantly with height and show major differences between three distinct layers, above-canopy (\&\#8805;32 m), within the trunk layer (8 \&\#8804; 32 m) and on the ground (0 m). These differences in pollen influx are explained by differences in (i) the air flows in each of these layers and (ii) the fall speed of pollen of the various taxa. We found that the pollen recorded on the ground surface is a good representation of the major part of the pollen transported in the trunk space of the woodland. Comparison of the pollen influx values with the theoretical, calculated "characteristic pollen source area" (CPSA) of 12 selected taxa indicates that the pollen deposited on the ground surface of the woodland is a fair representation with 85-90 \% of the total pollen deposited at a wind speed of 2.4 m s\&\#8722;1 coming from within ca. 1-5 km for Pinus and Quercus, ca. 5-10 km for Ulmus, Tilia, Oleaceae and Betula, ca. 20-40 km for Fraxinus, Poaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Populus and Salix, and ca. 30-60 km for Artemisia; it is also a good representation with 90-98 \% of the total pollen deposited coming from within 60 km at a wind speed of 2.4 m s\&\#8722;1, or 100 km at a wind speed: 6 m s\&\#8722;1, for the 12 selected taxa used in the CPSA calculation. Furthermore, comparison with the vegetation map of the area around the sampling site shows that the pollen deposited on the ground represents all plant communities which grow in the study area within 70 km radius of the sampling site. In this study, the pollen percentages obtained from the soil surface samples are significantly biased towards pollen taxa with good preservation due to thick and robust pollen walls. Therefore, if mosses are available instead, soil samples should be avoided for pollen studies, in particular for the study of pollen-vegetation relationships, the estimation of pollen productivities and quantitative reconstruction of past vegetation. The results also indicate that the existing model of pollen dispersal and deposition, Prentice's model, provides a fair description of the actual pollen dispersal and deposition in this kind of woodland, which suggests that the application of the landscape reconstruction algorithm would be relevant for reconstruction of this type of woodland in the past.}, language = {en} } @article{ZhangBehlPengetal.2016, author = {Zhang, Pengfei and Behl, Marc and Peng, Xingzhou and Razzaq, Muhammad Yasar and Lendlein, Andreas}, title = {Ultrasonic Cavitation Induced Shape-Memory Effect in Porous Polymer Networks}, series = {Macromolecular rapid communications}, volume = {37}, journal = {Macromolecular rapid communications}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1022-1336}, doi = {10.1002/marc.201600439}, pages = {1897 -- 1903}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Inspired by the application of ultrasonic cavitation based mechanical force (CMF) to open small channels in natural soft materials (skin or tissue), it is explored whether an artificial polymer network can be created, in which shape-changes can be induced by CMF. This concept comprises an interconnected macroporous rhodium-phosphine (Rh-P) coordination polymer network, in which a CMF can reversibly dissociate the Rh-P microphases. In this way, the ligand exchange of Rh-P coordination bonds in the polymer network is accelerated, resulting in a topological rearrangement of molecular switches. This rearrangement of molecular switches enables the polymer network to release internal tension under ultrasound exposure, resulting in a CMF-induced shape-memory capability. The interconnected macroporous structure with thin pore walls is essential for allowing the CMF to effectively permeate throughout the polymer network. Potential applications of this CMF-induced shape-memory polymer can be mechanosensors or ultrasound controlled switches.}, language = {en} } @article{ZersonNeumannSteyrleuthneretal.2016, author = {Zerson, Mario and Neumann, Martin and Steyrleuthner, Robert and Neher, Dieter and Magerle, Robert}, title = {Surface Structure of Semicrystalline Naphthalene Diimide-Bithiophene Copolymer Films Studied with Atomic Force Microscopy}, series = {Macromolecules : a publication of the American Chemical Society}, volume = {49}, journal = {Macromolecules : a publication of the American Chemical Society}, publisher = {American Chemical Society}, address = {Washington}, issn = {0024-9297}, doi = {10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00988}, pages = {6549 -- 6557}, year = {2016}, language = {en} } @article{Zenin2016, author = {Zenin, Sergej}, title = {Тезисы}, series = {Dritte Woche des Russischen Rechts, Potsdam, 13.-17.10.2014, mit der Moskauer Staatlichen Juristischen O. E. Kutafin Universit{\"a}t (Akademie)}, volume = {3}, journal = {Dritte Woche des Russischen Rechts, Potsdam, 13.-17.10.2014, mit der Moskauer Staatlichen Juristischen O. E. Kutafin Universit{\"a}t (Akademie)}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-340-4}, issn = {2199-9686}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-91954}, pages = {89 -- 91}, year = {2016}, language = {ru} } @article{Zenin2016, author = {Zenin, Sergej}, title = {Institut der B{\"u}rgerschaft in der Entwicklung der Bundesbeziehungen in Russland}, series = {Dritte Woche des Russischen Rechts, Potsdam, 13.-17.10.2014, mit der Moskauer Staatlichen Juristischen O. E. Kutafin Universit{\"a}t (Akademie)}, volume = {3}, journal = {Dritte Woche des Russischen Rechts, Potsdam, 13.-17.10.2014, mit der Moskauer Staatlichen Juristischen O. E. Kutafin Universit{\"a}t (Akademie)}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-340-4}, issn = {2199-9686}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-91967}, pages = {93 -- 95}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Thesen}, language = {de} } @article{Zenin2016, author = {Zenin, Sergej}, title = {Развитие института гражданства в условиях реализации права народа на самоопределение}, series = {Dritte Woche des Russischen Rechts, Potsdam, 13.-17.10.2014, mit der Moskauer Staatlichen Juristischen O. E. Kutafin Universit{\"a}t (Akademie)}, volume = {3}, journal = {Dritte Woche des Russischen Rechts, Potsdam, 13.-17.10.2014, mit der Moskauer Staatlichen Juristischen O. E. Kutafin Universit{\"a}t (Akademie)}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-340-4}, issn = {2199-9686}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-91942}, pages = {75 -- 87}, year = {2016}, language = {ru} } @article{ZengFrascaRumschoetteletal.2016, author = {Zeng, Ting and Frasca, Stefano and Rumsch{\"o}ttel, Jens and Koetz, Joachim and Leimk{\"u}hler, Silke and Wollenberger, Ursula}, title = {Role of Conductive Nanoparticles in the Direct Unmediated Bioelectrocatalysis of Immobilized Sulfite Oxidase}, series = {Electroanalysis : an international journal devoted to fundamental and practical aspects of electroanalysis}, volume = {28}, journal = {Electroanalysis : an international journal devoted to fundamental and practical aspects of electroanalysis}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1040-0397}, doi = {10.1002/elan.201600246}, pages = {2303 -- 2310}, year = {2016}, language = {en} } @article{ZempFliesserWippertetal.2016, author = {Zemp, Roland and Fliesser, Michael and Wippert, Pia-Maria and Taylor, William R. and Lorenzetti, Silvio}, title = {Occupational sitting behaviour and its relationship with back pain - A pilot study}, series = {Applied ergonomics : human factors in technology and society}, volume = {56}, journal = {Applied ergonomics : human factors in technology and society}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0003-6870}, doi = {10.1016/j.apergo.2016.03.007}, pages = {84 -- 91}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Nowadays, working in an office environment is ubiquitous. At the same time, progressively more people suffer from occupational musculoskeletal disorders. Therefore, the aim of this pilot study was to analyse the influence of back pain on sitting behaviour in the office environment. A textile pressure mat (64-sensor-matrix) placed on the seat pan was used to identify the adopted sitting positions of 20 office workers by means of random forest classification. Additionally, two standardised questionnaires (Korff, BPI) were used to assess short and long-term back pain in order to divide the subjects into two groups (with and without back pain). Independent t-test indicated that subjects who registered back pain within the last 24 h showed a clear trend towards a more static sitting behaviour. Therefore, the developed sensor system has successfully been introduced to characterise and compare sitting behaviour of subjects with and without back pain. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licensesiby-nc-nd/4.0/).}, language = {en} } @article{Zehnder2016, author = {Zehnder, Christian}, title = {Erneuertes Gestern?}, series = {Andrej Tarkovskij: Klassiker - Классик - Classic - Classico : Beitr{\"a}ge zum internationalen Tarkovskij-Symposium an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam ; Band 2}, journal = {Andrej Tarkovskij: Klassiker - Классик - Classic - Classico : Beitr{\"a}ge zum internationalen Tarkovskij-Symposium an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam ; Band 2}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-352-7}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-100480}, pages = {409 -- 431}, year = {2016}, language = {de} } @article{ZehbeZehbe2016, author = {Zehbe, Rolf and Zehbe, Kerstin}, title = {Strontium doped poly-epsilon-caprolactone composite scaffolds made by reactive foaming}, series = {The European journal of the history of economic thought}, volume = {67}, journal = {The European journal of the history of economic thought}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0928-4931}, doi = {10.1016/j.msec.2016.05.045}, pages = {259 -- 266}, year = {2016}, abstract = {In the reconstruction and regeneration of bone tissue, a primary goal is to initiate bone growth and to stabilize the surrounding bone. In this regard, a potentially useful component in biomaterials for bone tissue engineering is strontium, which acts as cationic active agent, triggering certain intracellular pathways and acting as so called dual action bone agent which inhibits bone resorption while stimulating bone regeneration. In this study we established a novel processing for the foaming of a polymer (poly-epsilon-caprolactone) and simultaneous chemical reaction of a mixture of calcium and strontium hydroxides to the respective carbonates using supercritical carbon dioxide. The resultant porous composite scaffold was optimized in composition and strontium content and was characterized via different spectroscopic (infrared and Raman spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy), imaging (SEM, mu CT), mechanical testing and in vitro methods (fluorescence vital staining, MTT-assay). As a result, the composite scaffold showed good in vitro biocompatibility with partly open pore structure and the expected chemistry. First mechanical testing results indicate sufficient mechanical stability to support future in vivo applications. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @article{ZehbeZaslanskyMochalesetal.2016, author = {Zehbe, Rolf and Zaslansky, Paul and Mochales, Carolina and Mueller, Wolf-Dieter and Fleck, Claudia}, title = {Synchrotron micro tomographic evaluation of multilayered zirconia ceramics-Volumetric effects after indentation}, series = {Journal of the European Ceramic Society}, volume = {36}, journal = {Journal of the European Ceramic Society}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0955-2219}, doi = {10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2015.09.015}, pages = {171 -- 177}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Electrophoretic deposition was used to produce zirconia specimen consisting of alternating layers of fully stabilized cubic zirconia and partially stabilized tetragonal zirconia. In this configuration, the tetragonal stabilized zirconia layers can undergo transformation toughening upon mechanical induced stresses, while the cubic stabilized layers can act as confining element. To understand the volumetric changes due to transformation toughening in these layered materials after indentation, we used an advanced synchrotron-based X-ray mu CT setup and compared the results with surface sensitive methods like Raman spectroscopy, AFM and white light interferometry. The high spatial resolution and the adapted beam energy between the absorption edges of zirconia and yttria allowed discriminating between individual layers due to differences in their yttria content. Furthermore we were able to identify single indents and link volume changes to different physical effects in the different stabilized zirconia parts and visualize the three dimensional volume around only few micrometre sized indents. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @article{ZehbeMochalesRadziketal.2016, author = {Zehbe, Rolf and Mochales, Carolina and Radzik, Daniela and Mueller, Wolf-Dieter and Fleck, Claudia}, title = {Electrophoretic deposition of multilayered (cubic and tetragonal stabilized) zirconia ceramics for adapted crack deflection}, series = {Journal of the European Ceramic Society}, volume = {36}, journal = {Journal of the European Ceramic Society}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0955-2219}, doi = {10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2015.08.022}, pages = {357 -- 364}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The electrophoretic deposition process was used to produce multi-layered ceramics consisting of alternating layers of fully stabilized cubic zirconia and partially stabilized tetragonal zirconia to make use of their different mechanical behaviour, investigating the possibility to deflect advancing cracks at the interfaces of the different layers. This crack deflection is apparently impacted by a toughening mechanism only found in the tetragonal stabilized zirconia polymorph and is characterized by the stress induced transformation of the metastable tetragonal phase into the monoclinic one, which is accompanied by a volume increase resulting in a closing mechanism for advancing cracks. While improving the electrophoretic deposition process, we investigated the transformation toughening mechanism at the layer interfaces and their effect on crack propagation. Investigations involved a combination of different imaging methods, including light microscopy, white light interferometry, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @article{ZehbeKolloscheLardongetal.2016, author = {Zehbe, Kerstin and Kollosche, Matthias and Lardong, Sebastian and Kelling, Alexandra and Schilde, Uwe and Taubert, Andreas}, title = {Ionogels Based on Poly(methyl methacrylate) and Metal-Containing Ionic Liquids: Correlation between Structure and Mechanical and Electrical Properties}, series = {International journal of molecular sciences}, volume = {17}, journal = {International journal of molecular sciences}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1422-0067}, doi = {10.3390/ijms17030391}, pages = {16}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Ionogels (IGs) based on poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and the metal-containing ionic liquids (ILs) bis-1-butyl-3-methlimidazolium tetrachloridocuprate(II), tetrachloride cobaltate(II), and tetrachlorido manganate(II) have been synthesized and their mechanical and electrical properties have been correlated with their microstructure. Unlike many previous examples, the current IGs show a decreasing stability in stress-strain experiments on increasing IL fractions. The conductivities of the current IGs are lower than those observed in similar examples in the literature. Both effects are caused by a two-phase structure with micrometer-sized IL-rich domains homogeneously dispersed an IL-deficient continuous PMMA phase. This study demonstrates that the IL-polymer miscibility and the morphology of the IGs are key parameters to control the (macroscopic) properties of IGs.}, language = {en} } @article{Zarle2016, author = {Zarle, Sebastian-Alexander}, title = {Bolivien: Hoffen auf den Lithiumsegen}, series = {WeltTrends : das außenpolitische Journal [24(2016), 113]}, volume = {24}, journal = {WeltTrends : das außenpolitische Journal [24(2016), 113]}, number = {118}, publisher = {WeltTrends}, address = {Potsdam}, pages = {47 -- 48}, year = {2016}, language = {de} } @article{ZancolliBakerBarlowetal.2016, author = {Zancolli, Giulia and Baker, Timothy G. and Barlow, Axel and Bradley, Rebecca K. and Calvete, Juan J. and Carter, Kimberley C. and de Jager, Kaylah and Owens, John Benjamin and Price, Jenny Forrester and Sanz, Libia and Scholes-Higham, Amy and Shier, Liam and Wood, Liam and W{\"u}ster, Catharine E. and W{\"u}ster, Wolfgang}, title = {Is Hybridization a Source of Adaptive Venom Variation in Rattlesnakes? A Test, Using a Crotalus scutulatus x viridis Hybrid Zone in Southwestern New Mexico}, series = {Toxins}, volume = {8}, journal = {Toxins}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2072-6651}, doi = {10.3390/toxins8060188}, pages = {16}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Venomous snakes often display extensive variation in venom composition both between and within species. However, the mechanisms underlying the distribution of different toxins and venom types among populations and taxa remain insufficiently known. Rattlesnakes (Crotalus, Sistrurus) display extreme inter-and intraspecific variation in venom composition, centered particularly on the presence or absence of presynaptically neurotoxic phospholipases A2 such as Mojave toxin (MTX). Interspecific hybridization has been invoked as a mechanism to explain the distribution of these toxins across rattlesnakes, with the implicit assumption that they are adaptively advantageous. Here, we test the potential of adaptive hybridization as a mechanism for venom evolution by assessing the distribution of genes encoding the acidic and basic subunits of Mojave toxin across a hybrid zone between MTX-positive Crotalus scutulatus and MTX-negative C. viridis in southwestern New Mexico, USA. Analyses of morphology, mitochondrial and single copy-nuclear genes document extensive admixture within a narrow hybrid zone. The genes encoding the two MTX subunits are strictly linked, and found in most hybrids and backcrossed individuals, but not in C. viridis away from the hybrid zone. Presence of the genes is invariably associated with presence of the corresponding toxin in the venom. We conclude that introgression of highly lethal neurotoxins through hybridization is not necessarily favored by natural selection in rattlesnakes, and that even extensive hybridization may not lead to introgression of these genes into another species.}, language = {en} } @article{Zalkowski2016, author = {Zalkowski, Olesia}, title = {Schwankende Selbstverortung in Ajtmatovs Autobiographie Kindheit in Kirgisien}, series = {Grenzr{\"a}ume - Grenzbewegungen : Ergebnisse der Arbeitstreffen des Jungen Forums Slavistische Literaturwissenschaft in Basel 2013 und Frankfurt (Oder) und Słubice 2014 ; Bd. 1}, volume = {1}, journal = {Grenzr{\"a}ume - Grenzbewegungen : Ergebnisse der Arbeitstreffen des Jungen Forums Slavistische Literaturwissenschaft in Basel 2013 und Frankfurt (Oder) und Słubice 2014 ; Bd. 1}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-358-9}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-92611}, pages = {159 -- 172}, year = {2016}, language = {de} } @article{ZaksTomov2016, author = {Zaks, Michael A. and Tomov, Petar}, title = {Onset of time dependence in ensembles of excitable elements with global repulsive coupling}, series = {Physical review : E, Statistical, nonlinear and soft matter physics}, volume = {93}, journal = {Physical review : E, Statistical, nonlinear and soft matter physics}, publisher = {American Physical Society}, address = {College Park}, issn = {2470-0045}, doi = {10.1103/PhysRevE.93.020201}, pages = {5}, year = {2016}, abstract = {We consider the effect of global repulsive coupling on an ensemble of identical excitable elements. An increase of the coupling strength destabilizes the synchronous equilibrium and replaces it with many attracting oscillatory states, created in the transcritical heteroclinic bifurcation. The period of oscillations is inversely proportional to the distance from the critical parameter value. If the elements interact with the global field via the first Fourier harmonics of their phases, the stable equilibrium is in one step replaced by the attracting continuum of periodic motions.}, language = {en} } @article{ZaklanAbrellNeumann2016, author = {Zaklan, Aleksandar and Abrell, Jan and Neumann, Anne}, title = {Stationarity changes in long-run energy commodity prices}, series = {Energy economics}, volume = {59}, journal = {Energy economics}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0140-9883}, doi = {10.1016/j.eneco.2016.07.022}, pages = {96 -- 103}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Situated at the intersection of the literatures on speculative storage and non-renewable commodity scarcity, this paper considers whether changes in persistence have occurred in long-run U.S. prices of the energy commodities crude oil, natural gas and bituminous coal. We allow for a structural break when testing for a break in persistence to avoid a change in the stochastic properties of prices being confounded by an unaccounted-for deterministic shift in the price series. We find that coal prices are trend stationary throughout their evolution and that oil prices change from stationarity to non-stationarity in the decade between the late 1960s to late 1970s. The result on gas prices is ambiguous. Our results demonstrate the importance of accounting for a possible structural shift when testing for breaks in persistence, while being robust to the exact date of the structural break. Based on our analysis we caution against viewing long-run energy commodity prices as being non-stationary and conclude in favor of modeling commodity market fundamentals as stationary, meaning that speculative storage will tend to have a dampening effect on prices. We also cannot reject that long-run prices of coal and, with some hesitation, gas follow a Hotelling-type rule. In contrast, we reject the Hotelling rule for oil prices since the late 1960s/early 1970s. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @article{ZakariasKeresztesMartonetal.2016, author = {Zakari{\´a}s, Lilla and Keresztes, Attila and Marton, Klara and Wartenburger, Isabell}, title = {Positive effects of a computerised working memory and executive function}, series = {Neuropsychological rehabilitation}, volume = {28}, journal = {Neuropsychological rehabilitation}, number = {3}, publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {0960-2011}, doi = {10.1080/09602011.2016.1159579}, pages = {369 -- 386}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Aphasia, the language disorder following brain damage, is frequently accompanied by deficits of working memory (WM) and executive functions (EFs). Recent studies suggest that WM, together with certain EFs, can play a role in sentence comprehension in individuals with aphasia (IWA), and that WM can be enhanced with intensive practice. Our aim was to investigate whether a combined WM and EF training improves the understanding of spoken sentences in IWA. We used a pre-post-test case control design. Three individuals with chronic aphasia practised an adaptive training task (a modified n-back task) three to four times a week for a month. Their performance was assessed before and after the training on outcome measures related to WM and spoken sentence comprehension. One participant showed significant improvement on the training task, another showed a tendency for improvement, and both of them improved significantly in spoken sentence comprehension. The third participant did not improve on the training task, however, she showed improvement on one measure of spoken sentence comprehension. Compared to controls, two individuals improved at least in one condition of the WM outcome measures. Thus, our results suggest that a combined WM and EF training can be beneficial for IWA.}, language = {en} } @article{ZabelWinterKellingetal.2016, author = {Zabel, Andr{\´e} and Winter, Alette and Kelling, Alexandra and Schilde, Uwe and Strauch, Peter}, title = {Tetrabromidocuprates(II)-Synthesis, Structure and EPR}, series = {International journal of molecular sciences}, volume = {17}, journal = {International journal of molecular sciences}, number = {4}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/ijms17040596}, pages = {14}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Metal-containing ionic liquids (ILs) are of interest for a variety of technical applications, e.g., particle synthesis and materials with magnetic or thermochromic properties. In this paper we report the synthesis of, and two structures for, some new tetrabromidocuprates(II) with several "onium" cations in comparison to the results of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopic analyses. The sterically demanding cations were used to separate the paramagnetic Cu(II) ions for EPR measurements. The EPR hyperfine structure in the spectra of these new compounds is not resolved, due to the line broadening resulting from magnetic exchange between the still-incomplete separated paramagnetic Cu(II) centres. For the majority of compounds, the principal g values (g|| and gK) of the tensors could be determined and information on the structural changes in the [CuBr4]2- anions can be obtained. The complexes have high potential, e.g., as ionic liquids, as precursors for the synthesis of copper bromide particles, as catalytically active or paramagnetic ionic liquids.}, language = {en} } @article{ZabelWinterKellingetal.2016, author = {Zabel, Andre and Winter, Alette and Kelling, Alexandra and Schilde, Uwe and Strauch, Peter}, title = {Tetrabromidocuprates(II)-Synthesis, Structure and EPR}, series = {International journal of molecular sciences}, volume = {17}, journal = {International journal of molecular sciences}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1422-0067}, doi = {10.3390/ijms17040596}, pages = {14}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Metal-containing ionic liquids (ILs) are of interest for a variety of technical applications, e.g., particle synthesis and materials with magnetic or thermochromic properties. In this paper we report the synthesis of, and two structures for, some new tetrabromidocuprates(II) with several "onium" cations in comparison to the results of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopic analyses. The sterically demanding cations were used to separate the paramagnetic Cu(II) ions for EPR measurements. The EPR hyperfine structure in the spectra of these new compounds is not resolved, due to the line broadening resulting from magnetic exchange between the still-incomplete separated paramagnetic Cu(II) centres. For the majority of compounds, the principal g values (g|| and g(perpendicular to)) of the tensors could be determined and information on the structural changes in the [CuBr4](2-) anions can be obtained. The complexes have high potential, e.g., as ionic liquids, as precursors for the synthesis of copper bromide particles, as catalytically active or paramagnetic ionic liquids.}, language = {en} } @article{YepesAudinAlvaradoetal.2016, author = {Yepes, Hugo and Audin, Laurence and Alvarado, Alexandra and Beauval, Celine and Aguilar, Jorge and Font, Yvonne and Cotton, Fabrice}, title = {A new view for the geodynamics of Ecuador: Implication in seismogenic source definition and seismic hazard assessment}, series = {Tectonics}, volume = {35}, journal = {Tectonics}, publisher = {American Geophysical Union}, address = {Washington}, issn = {0278-7407}, doi = {10.1002/2015TC003941}, pages = {1249 -- 1279}, year = {2016}, abstract = {A new view of Ecuador's complex geodynamics has been developed in the course of modeling seismic source zones for probabilistic seismic hazard analysis. This study focuses on two aspects of the plates' interaction at a continental scale: (a) age-related differences in rheology between Farallon and Nazca plates—marked by the Grijalva rifted margin and its inland projection—as they subduct underneath central Ecuador, and (b) the rapidly changing convergence obliquity resulting from the convex shape of the South American northwestern continental margin. Both conditions satisfactorily explain several characteristics of the observed seismicity and of the interseismic coupling. Intermediate-depth seismicity reveals a severe flexure in the Farallon slab as it dips and contorts at depth, originating the El Puyo seismic cluster. The two slabs position and geometry below continental Ecuador also correlate with surface expressions observable in the local and regional geology and tectonics. The interseismic coupling is weak and shallow south of the Grijalva rifted margin and increases northward, with a heterogeneous pattern locally associated to the Carnegie ridge subduction. High convergence obliquity is responsible for the North Andean Block northeastward movement along localized fault systems. The Cosanga and Pallatanga fault segments of the North Andean Block-South American boundary concentrate most of the seismic moment release in continental Ecuador. Other inner block faults located along the western border of the inter-Andean Depression also show a high rate of moderate-size earthquake production. Finally, a total of 19 seismic source zones were modeled in accordance with the proposed geodynamic and neotectonic scheme.}, language = {en} } @article{YarmanScheller2016, author = {Yarman, Aysu and Scheller, Frieder W.}, title = {MIP-esterase/Tyrosinase Combinations for Paracetamol and Phenacetin}, series = {Electroanalysis : an international journal devoted to fundamental and practical aspects of electroanalysis}, volume = {28}, journal = {Electroanalysis : an international journal devoted to fundamental and practical aspects of electroanalysis}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1040-0397}, doi = {10.1002/elan.201600042}, pages = {2222 -- 2227}, year = {2016}, abstract = {A new electrochemical MIP sensor for the most frequently used drug paracetamol (PAR) was prepared by electropolymerization of mixtures containing the template molecule and the functional monomers ophenylenediamine, resorcinol and aniline. The imprinting factor of 12 reflects the effective target binding to the MIP as compared with the non-imprinted electropolymer. Combination of the MIP with a nonspecific esterase allows the measurement of phenacetin - another analgesic drug. In the second approach the PAR containing sample solution was pretreated with tyrosinase in order to prevent electrochemical interferences by ascorbic acid and uric acid. Interference-free indication at a very low electrode potential without fouling of the electrode surface was achieved with the o-phenylenediamine: resorcinol-based MIP.}, language = {en} } @article{YangGuehrVecchioneetal.2016, author = {Yang, Jie and G{\"u}hr, Markus and Vecchione, Theodore and Robinson, Matthew Scott and Li, Renkai and Hartmann, Nick and Shen, Xiaozhe and Coffee, Ryan and Corbett, Jeff and Fry, Alan and Gaffney, Kelly and Gorkhover, Tais and Hast, Carsten and Jobe, Keith and Makasyuk, Igor and Reid, Alexander and Robinson, Joseph and Vetter, Sharon and Wang, Fenglin and Weathersby, Stephen and Yoneda, Charles and Wang, Xijie and Centurion, Martin}, title = {Femtosecond gas phase electron diffraction with MeV electrons}, series = {Faraday discussions}, volume = {194}, journal = {Faraday discussions}, publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {1359-6640}, doi = {10.1039/c6fd00071a}, pages = {563 -- 581}, year = {2016}, abstract = {We present results on ultrafast gas electron diffraction (UGED) experiments with femtosecond resolution using the MeV electron gun at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. UGED is a promising method to investigate molecular dynamics in the gas phase because electron pulses can probe the structure with a high spatial resolution. Until recently, however, it was not possible for UGED to reach the relevant timescale for the motion of the nuclei during a molecular reaction. Using MeV electron pulses has allowed us to overcome the main challenges in reaching femtosecond resolution, namely delivering short electron pulses on a gas target, overcoming the effect of velocity mismatch between pump laser pulses and the probe electron pulses, and maintaining a low timing jitter. At electron kinetic energies above 3 MeV, the velocity mismatch between laser and electron pulses becomes negligible. The relativistic electrons are also less susceptible to temporal broadening due to the Coulomb force. One of the challenges of diffraction with relativistic electrons is that the small de Broglie wavelength results in very small diffraction angles. In this paper we describe the new setup and its characterization, including capturing static diffraction patterns of molecules in the gas phase, finding time-zero with sub-picosecond accuracy and first time-resolved diffraction experiments. The new device can achieve a temporal resolution of 100 fs root-mean-square, and sub-angstrom spatial resolution. The collimation of the beam is sufficient to measure the diffraction pattern, and the transverse coherence is on the order of 2 nm. Currently, the temporal resolution is limited both by the pulse duration of the electron pulse on target and by the timing jitter, while the spatial resolution is limited by the average electron beam current and the signal-to-noise ratio of the detection system. We also discuss plans for improving both the temporal resolution and the spatial resolution.}, language = {en} } @article{YangGuehrVecchioneetal.2016, author = {Yang, Jie and G{\"u}hr, Markus and Vecchione, Theodore and Robinson, Matthew Scott and Li, Renkai and Hartmann, Nick and Shen, Xiaozhe and Coffee, Ryan and Corbett, Jeff and Fry, Alan and Gaffney, Kelly and Gorkhover, Tais and Hast, Carsten and Jobe, Keith and Makasyuk, Igor and Reid, Alexander and Robinson, Joseph and Vetter, Sharon and Wang, Fenglin and Weathersby, Stephen and Yoneda, Charles and Centurion, Martin and Wang, Xijie}, title = {Diffractive imaging of a rotational wavepacket in nitrogen molecules with femtosecond megaelectronvolt electron pulses}, series = {Nature Communications}, volume = {7}, journal = {Nature Communications}, publisher = {Nature Publ. Group}, address = {London}, issn = {2041-1723}, doi = {10.1038/ncomms11232}, pages = {9}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Imaging changes in molecular geometries on their natural femtosecond timescale with sub-Angstrom spatial precision is one of the critical challenges in the chemical sciences, as the nuclear geometry changes determine the molecular reactivity. For photoexcited molecules, the nuclear dynamics determine the photoenergy conversion path and efficiency. Here we report a gas-phase electron diffraction experiment using megaelectronvolt (MeV) electrons, where we captured the rotational wavepacket dynamics of nonadiabatically laser-aligned nitrogen molecules. We achieved a combination of 100 fs root-mean-squared temporal resolution and sub-Angstrom (0.76 angstrom) spatial resolution that makes it possible to resolve the position of the nuclei within the molecule. In addition, the diffraction patterns reveal the angular distribution of the molecules, which changes from prolate (aligned) to oblate (anti-aligned) in 300 fs. Our results demonstrate a significant and promising step towards making atomically resolved movies of molecular reactions.}, language = {en} } @article{YangGuehrShenetal.2016, author = {Yang, Jie and Guehr, Markus and Shen, Xiaozhe and Li, Renkai and Vecchione, Theodore and Coffee, Ryan and Corbett, Jeff and Fry, Alan and Hartmann, Nick and Hast, Carsten and Hegazy, Kareem and Jobe, Keith and Makasyuk, Igor and Robinson, Joseph and Robinson, Matthew Scott and Vetter, Sharon and Weathersby, Stephen and Yoneda, Charles and Wang, Xijie and Centurion, Martin}, title = {Diffractive Imaging of Coherent Nuclear Motion in Isolated Molecules}, series = {Physical review letters}, volume = {117}, journal = {Physical review letters}, publisher = {American Physical Society}, address = {College Park}, issn = {0031-9007}, doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.153002}, pages = {6}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Observing the motion of the nuclear wave packets during a molecular reaction, in both space and time, is crucial for understanding and controlling the outcome of photoinduced chemical reactions. We have imaged the motion of a vibrational wave packet in isolated iodine molecules using ultrafast electron diffraction with relativistic electrons. The time-varying interatomic distance was measured with a precision 0.07 angstrom and temporal resolution of 230 fs full width at half maximum. The method is not only sensitive to the position but also the shape of the nuclear wave packet.}, language = {en} } @article{YanChenKaufmann2016, author = {Yan, Wenhao and Chen, Dijun and Kaufmann, Kerstin}, title = {Efficient multiplex mutagenesis by RNA-guided Cas9 and its use in the characterization of regulatory elements in the AGAMOUS gene}, series = {Plant methods}, volume = {12}, journal = {Plant methods}, publisher = {BioMed Central}, address = {London}, issn = {1746-4811}, doi = {10.1186/s13007-016-0125-7}, pages = {1 -- 9}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Background The efficiency of multiplex editing in plants by the RNA-guided Cas9 system is limited by efficient introduction of its components into the genome and by their activity. The possibility of introducing large fragment deletions by RNA-guided Cas9 tool provides the potential to study the function of any DNA region of interest in its 'endogenous' environment. Results Here, an RNA-guided Cas9 system was optimized to enable efficient multiplex editing in Arabidopsis thaliana. We demonstrate the flexibility of our system for knockout of multiple genes, and to generate heritable large-fragment deletions in the genome. As a proof of concept, the function of part of the second intron of the flower development gene AGAMOUS in Arabidopsis was studied by generating a Cas9-free mutant plant line in which part of this intron was removed from the genome. Further analysis revealed that deletion of this intron fragment results 40 \% decrease of AGAMOUS gene expression without changing the splicing of the gene which indicates that this regulatory region functions as an activator of AGAMOUS gene expression. Conclusions Our modified RNA-guided Cas9 system offers a versatile tool for the functional dissection of coding and non-coding DNA sequences in plants.}, language = {en} } @article{YanChenKaufmann2016, author = {Yan, Wenhao and Chen, Dijun and Kaufmann, Kerstin}, title = {Efficient multiplex mutagenesis by RNA-guided Cas9 and its use in the characterization of regulatory elements in the AGAMOUS gene}, series = {Plant Methods}, volume = {12}, journal = {Plant Methods}, publisher = {BioMed Central}, address = {London}, issn = {1746-4811}, doi = {10.1186/s13007-016-0125-7}, pages = {2381 -- 2389}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Results: Here, an RNA-guided Cas9 system was optimized to enable efficient multiplex editing in Arabidopsis thaliana. We demonstrate the flexibility of our system for knockout of multiple genes, and to generate heritable large-fragment deletions in the genome. As a proof of concept, the function of part of the second intron of the flower development gene AGAMOUS in Arabidopsis was studied by generating a Cas9-free mutant plant line in which part of this intron was removed from the genome. Further analysis revealed that deletion of this intron fragment results 40 \% decrease of AGAMOUS gene expression without changing the splicing of the gene which indicates that this regulatory region functions as an activator of AGAMOUS gene expression. Conclusions: Our modified RNA-guided Cas9 system offers a versatile tool for the functional dissection of coding and non-coding DNA sequences in plants.}, language = {en} } @article{YanFangNoecheletal.2016, author = {Yan, Wan and Fang, Liang and N{\"o}chel, Ulrich and Kratz, Karl and Lendlein, Andreas}, title = {Influence of programming strain rates on the shape-memory performance of semicrystalline multiblock copolymers}, series = {Journal of polymer science : B, Polymer physics}, volume = {54}, journal = {Journal of polymer science : B, Polymer physics}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {0887-6266}, doi = {10.1002/polb.24097}, pages = {1935 -- 1943}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Multiblock copolymers named PCL-PIBMD consisting of crystallizable poly(epsilon-caprolactone) segments and crystallizable poly[oligo(3S-iso-butylmorpholine-2,5-dione)] segments coupled by trimethyl hexamethylene diisocyanate provide a versatile molecular architecture for achieving shape-memory effects (SMEs) in polymers. The mechanical properties as well as the SME performance of PCL-PIBMD can be tailored by the variation of physical parameters during programming such as deformation strain or applied temperature protocols. In this study, we explored the influence of applying different strain rates during programming on the resulting nanostructure of PCL-PIBMD. Programming was conducted at 50 degrees C by elongation to epsilon(m)=50\% with strain rates of 1 or 10 or 50 mmmin(-1). The nanostructural changes were visualized by atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements and investigated by in situ wide and small angle X-ray scattering experiments. With increasing the strain rate, a higher degree of orientation was observed in the amorphous domains. Simultaneously the strain-induced formation of new PIBMD crystals as well as the fragmentation of existing large PIBMD crystals occurred. The observed differences in shape fixity ratio and recovery stress of samples deformed with various strain rates can be attributed to their different nanostructures. The achieved findings can be relevant parameters for programming the shape-memory polymers with designed recovery forces. (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2016, 54, 1935-1943}, language = {en} } @article{YanFriemelAloisietal.2016, author = {Yan, Robert and Friemel, Martin and Aloisi, Claudia and Huynen, Martijn and Taylor, Ian A. and Leimk{\"u}hler, Silke and Pastore, Annalisa}, title = {The Eukaryotic-Specific ISD11 Is a Complex-Orphan Protein with Ability to Bind the Prokaryotic IscS}, series = {PLoS one}, volume = {11}, journal = {PLoS one}, publisher = {PLoS}, address = {San Fransisco}, issn = {1932-6203}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0157895}, pages = {383 -- 395}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The eukaryotic protein Isd11 is a chaperone that binds and stabilizes the central component of the essential metabolic pathway responsible for formation of iron-sulfur clusters in mitochondria, the desulfurase Nfs1. Little is known about the exact role of Isd11. Here, we show that human Isd11 (ISD11) is a helical protein which exists in solution as an equilibrium between monomer, dimeric and tetrameric species when in the absence of human Nfs1 (NFS1). We also show that, surprisingly, recombinant ISD11 expressed in E. coli co-purifies with the bacterial orthologue of NFS1, IscS. Binding is weak but specific suggesting that, despite the absence of Isd11 sequences in bacteria, there is enough conservation between the two desulfurases to retain a similar mode of interaction. This knowledge may inform us on the conservation of the mode of binding of Isd11 to the desulfurase. We used evolutionary evidence to suggest Isd11 residues involved in the interaction.}, language = {en} } @article{YanKliegl2016, author = {Yan, Ming and Kliegl, Reinhold}, title = {CarPrice versus CarpRice: Word Boundary Ambiguity Influences Saccade Target Selection During the Reading of Chinese Sentences}, series = {Journal of experimental psychology : Learning, memory, and cognition}, volume = {42}, journal = {Journal of experimental psychology : Learning, memory, and cognition}, publisher = {American Psychological Association}, address = {Washington}, issn = {0278-7393}, doi = {10.1037/xlm0000276}, pages = {1832 -- 1838}, year = {2016}, abstract = {As a contribution to a theoretical debate about the degree of high-level influences on saccade targeting during sentence reading, we investigated eye movements during the reading of structurally ambiguous Chinese character strings and examined whether parafoveal word segmentation could influence saccade-target selection. As expected, ambiguous strings took longer to process. More critically there were theoretically relevant interactions between ambiguity and launch site when first-fixation location and saccade amplitude served as dependent variables: Ambiguous strings in the parafovea triggered longer saccades and more rightward fixations for close launch sites than unambiguous ones; the reverse result was obtained for far launch sites. These crossover interactions indicate that parafoveal word segmentation influences saccade generation in Chinese and provide support of the hypothesis that high-level information can be involved in the decision about where to fixate next.}, language = {en} } @article{YadavalliLoebnerPapkeetal.2016, author = {Yadavalli, Nataraja Sekhar and Loebner, Sarah and Papke, Thomas and Sava, Elena and Hurduc, Nicolae and Santer, Svetlana}, title = {A comparative study of photoinduced deformation in azobenzene containing polymer films}, series = {Soft matter}, volume = {12}, journal = {Soft matter}, publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {1744-683X}, doi = {10.1039/c6sm00029k}, pages = {2593 -- 2603}, year = {2016}, abstract = {In this paper two groups supporting different views on the mechanism of light induced polymer deformation argue about the respective underlying theoretical conceptions, in order to bring this interesting debate to the attention of the scientific community. The group of Prof. Nicolae Hurduc supports the model claiming that the cyclic isomerization of azobenzenes may cause an athermal transition of the glassy azobenzene containing polymer into a fluid state, the so-called photo-fluidization concept. This concept is quite convenient for an intuitive understanding of the deformation process as an anisotropic flow of the polymer material. The group of Prof. Svetlana Santer supports the re-orientational model where the mass-transport of the polymer material accomplished during polymer deformation is stated to be generated by the light-induced re-orientation of the azobenzene side chains and as a consequence of the polymer backbone that in turn results in local mechanical stress, which is enough to irreversibly deform an azobenzene containing material even in the glassy state. For the debate we chose three polymers differing in the glass transition temperature, 32 degrees C, 87 degrees C and 95 degrees C, representing extreme cases of flexible and rigid materials. Polymer film deformation occurring during irradiation with different interference patterns is recorded using a homemade set-up combining an optical part for the generation of interference patterns and an atomic force microscope for acquiring the kinetics of film deformation. We also demonstrated the unique behaviour of azobenzene containing polymeric films to switch the topography in situ and reversibly by changing the irradiation conditions. We discuss the results of reversible deformation of three polymers induced by irradiation with intensity (IIP) and polarization (PIP) interference patterns, and the light of homogeneous intensity in terms of two approaches: the re-orientational and the photo-fluidization concepts. Both agree in that the formation of opto-mechanically induced stresses is a necessary prerequisite for the process of deformation. Using this argument, the deformation process can be characterized either as a flow or mass transport.}, language = {en} } @article{XueYanChengetal.2016, author = {Xue, Zhike and Yan, Xiaoli and Cheng, Xin and Yang, Liheng and Su, Yingna and Kliem, Bernhard and Zhang, Jun and Liu, Zhong and Bi, Yi and Xiang, Yongyuan and Yang, Kai and Zhao, Li}, title = {Observing the release of twist by magnetic reconnection in a solar filament eruption}, series = {Nature Communications}, volume = {7}, journal = {Nature Communications}, publisher = {Nature Publ. Group}, address = {London}, issn = {2041-1723}, doi = {10.1038/ncomms11837}, pages = {11}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Magnetic reconnection is a fundamental process of topology change and energy release, taking place in plasmas on the Sun, in space, in astrophysical objects and in the laboratory. However, observational evidence has been relatively rare and typically only partial. Here we present evidence of fast reconnection in a solar filament eruption using high-resolution H-alpha images from the New Vacuum Solar Telescope, supplemented by extreme ultraviolet observations. The reconnection is seen to occur between a set of ambient chromospheric fibrils and the filament itself. This allows for the relaxation of magnetic tension in the filament by an untwisting motion, demonstrating a flux rope structure. The topology change and untwisting are also found through nonlinear force-free field modelling of the active region in combination with magnetohydrodynamic simulation. These results demonstrate a new role for reconnection in solar eruptions: the release of magnetic twist.}, language = {en} } @article{XuYanLazarian2016, author = {Xu, Siyao and Yan, Huirong and Lazarian, A.}, title = {DAMPING OF MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC TURBULENCE IN PARTIALLY IONIZED PLASMA: IMPLICATIONS FOR COSMIC RAY PROPAGATION}, series = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics}, volume = {826}, journal = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics}, publisher = {IOP Publ. Ltd.}, address = {Bristol}, issn = {0004-637X}, doi = {10.3847/0004-637X/826/2/166}, pages = {32}, year = {2016}, abstract = {We study the damping processes of both incompressible and compressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence in a partially ionized medium. We start from the linear analysis of MHD waves, applying both single-fluid and two-fluid treatments. The damping rates derived from the linear analysis are then used in determining the damping scales of MHD turbulence. The physical connection between the damping scale of MHD turbulence and the cutoff boundary of linear MHD waves is investigated. We find two branches of slow modes propagating in ions and neutrals, respectively, below the damping scale of slow MHD turbulence, and offer a thorough discussion of their propagation and dissipation behavior. Our analytical results are shown to be applicable in a variety of partially ionized interstellar medium (ISM) phases and the solar chromosphere. The importance of neutral viscosity in damping the Alfvenic turbulence in the interstellar warm neutral medium and the solar chromosphere is demonstrated. As a significant astrophysical utility, we introduce damping effects to the propagation of cosmic rays in partially ionized ISM. The important role of turbulence damping in both transit-time damping and gyroresonance is identified.}, language = {en} } @article{XiongStolleLuehr2016, author = {Xiong, Chao and Stolle, Claudia and L{\"u}hr, Hermann}, title = {The Swarm satellite loss of GPS signal and its relation to ionospheric plasma irregularities}, series = {Space Weather: The International Journal of Research and Applications}, volume = {14}, journal = {Space Weather: The International Journal of Research and Applications}, publisher = {American Geophysical Union}, address = {Washington}, issn = {1542-7390}, doi = {10.1002/2016SW001439}, pages = {563 -- 577}, year = {2016}, abstract = {In this study we investigated conditions for loss of GPS signals observed by the Swarm satellites during a 2 year period, from December 2013 to November 2015. Our result shows that the Swarm satellites encountered most of the total loss of GPS signal at the ionization anomaly crests, between +/- 5 degrees and +/- 20 degrees magnetic latitude, forming two bands along the magnetic equator, and these low-latitude events mainly appear around postsunset hours from 19: 00 to 22: 00 local time. By further checking the in situ electron density measurements of Swarm, we found that practically, all the total loss of GPS signal events at low latitudes are related to equatorial plasma irregularities (EPIs) that show absolute density depletions larger than 10 x 10(11) m(-3); then, the Swarm satellites encountered for up to 95\% loss of GPS signal for at least one channel and up to 45\% tracked less than four GPS satellites (making precise orbit determination impossible). For those EPIs with density depletions less than 10 x 10(11) m(-3), the chance of tracked GPS signals less than four reduces to only 1.0\%. Swarm also observed total loss of all GPS signal at high latitudes, mainly around local noon, and these events are related to large spatial density gradients due to polar patches or increased geomagnetic/auroral activities. We further found that the loss of GPS signals were less frequent after appropriate settings of the Swarm GPS receivers had been updated. However, the more recent period of the mission, e.g., after the GPS receiver settings have been updated, also coincides with less severe electron density depletions due to the declining solar cycle, making GPS loss events less likely. We conclude that both lower electron density gradients and appropriate GPS receiver settings reduce the probability for Swarm satellites loss of GPS signals.}, language = {en} } @article{XiongStolleLuehretal.2016, author = {Xiong, Chao and Stolle, Claudia and Luehr, Hermann and Park, Jaeheung and Fejer, Bela G. and Kervalishvili, Guram N.}, title = {Scale analysis of equatorial plasma irregularities derived from Swarm constellation}, series = {Earth, planets and space}, volume = {68}, journal = {Earth, planets and space}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Heidelberg}, issn = {1880-5981}, doi = {10.1186/s40623-016-0502-5}, pages = {189 -- 202}, year = {2016}, abstract = {In this study, we investigated the scale sizes of equatorial plasma irregularities (EPIs) using measurements from the Swarm satellites during its early mission and final constellation phases. We found that with longitudinal separation between Swarm satellites larger than 0.4 degrees, no significant correlation was found any more. This result suggests that EPI structures include plasma density scale sizes less than 44 km in the zonal direction. During the Swarm earlier mission phase, clearly better EPI correlations are obtained in the northern hemisphere, implying more fragmented irregularities in the southern hemisphere where the ambient magnetic field is low. The previously reported inverted-C shell structure of EPIs is generally confirmed by the Swarm observations in the northern hemisphere, but with various tilt angles. From the Swarm spacecrafts with zonal separations of about 150 km, we conclude that larger zonal scale sizes of irregularities exist during the early evening hours (around 1900 LT).}, language = {en} } @article{Wyrwa2016, author = {Wyrwa, Ulrich}, title = {Zum Hundertsten nichts Neues}, series = {Deutsche Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Geschichtswissenschaft}, volume = {64}, journal = {Deutsche Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Geschichtswissenschaft}, publisher = {Metropol-Verl.}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {0044-2828}, pages = {683 -- 702}, year = {2016}, language = {de} } @article{Wyrwa2016, author = {Wyrwa, Ulrich}, title = {The Language of Anti-Semitism in the Catholic Newspapers II Veneto Cattolico/La Difesa in Late Nineteenth-Century Venice}, series = {Church history and religious culture}, volume = {96}, journal = {Church history and religious culture}, publisher = {Brill}, address = {Leiden}, issn = {1871-241X}, doi = {10.1163/18712428-09603002}, pages = {346 -- 369}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The dispute between social versus religious interpretations of anti-Semitism pervaded the whole history of scholarly research. Whereas socio-historical interpretations had underlined the social aspects, current studies on anti-Semitism focus on religious motifs. The thesis that anti-Semitism was a result of a religious conflict, however, is far more alleged than substantially proved by the sources. So it seems necessary to go back to the sources. Therefore this paper analyzes the language of the Venetian Catholic newspaper Il Veneto Cattolico/La Difesa from the foundation of the newspaper in 1867 up to the First World War. Just a few years before the term anti-Semitism was coined, Catholic journalists of Venice had created the new semantic of secular anti-Semitism. They turned back to religious issues when they tried to systematize their anti-Jewish sentiments. Thus one can observe in the coverage of the Venetian Catholic journals the invention of an anti-Semitic tradition.}, language = {en} } @article{WutkeBeneckeSandovalCastellanosetal.2016, author = {Wutke, Saskia and Benecke, Norbert and Sandoval-Castellanos, Edson and D{\"o}hle, Hans-J{\"u}rgen and Friederich, Susanne and Gonzalez Soto, Javier Esteban and Hallsson, Jon Hallsteinn and Hofreiter, Michael and Lougas, Lembi and Magnell, Ola and Morales-Muniz, Arturo and Orlando, Ludovic and Palsdottir, Albina Hulda and Reissmann, Monika and Ruttkay, Matej and Trinks, Alexandra and Ludwig, Arne}, title = {Spotted phenotypes in horses lost attractiveness in the Middle Ages}, series = {Scientific reports}, volume = {6}, journal = {Scientific reports}, publisher = {Nature Publ. Group}, address = {London}, issn = {2045-2322}, doi = {10.1038/srep38548}, pages = {9}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Horses have been valued for their diversity of coat colour since prehistoric times; this is especially the case since their domestication in the Caspian steppe in similar to 3,500 BC. Although we can assume that human preferences were not constant, we have only anecdotal information about how domestic horses were influenced by humans. Our results from genotype analyses show a significant increase in spotted coats in early domestic horses (Copper Age to Iron Age). In contrast, medieval horses carried significantly fewer alleles for these phenotypes, whereas solid phenotypes (i.e., chestnut) became dominant. This shift may have been supported because of (i) pleiotropic disadvantages, (ii) a reduced need to separate domestic horses from their wild counterparts, (iii) a lower religious prestige, or (iv) novel developments in weaponry. These scenarios may have acted alone or in combination. However, the dominance of chestnut is a remarkable feature of the medieval horse population.}, language = {en} } @article{WurzbacherWarthmannBourneetal.2016, author = {Wurzbacher, Christian and Warthmann, Norman and Bourne, Elizabeth Charlotte and Attermeyer, Katrin and Allgaier, Martin and Powell, Jeff R. and Detering, Harald and Mbedi, Susan and Grossart, Hans-Peter and Monaghan, Michael T.}, title = {High habitat-specificity in fungal communities in oligo-mesotrophic, temperate Lake Stechlin (North-East Germany)}, series = {MycoKeys}, volume = {41}, journal = {MycoKeys}, publisher = {Pensoft Publ.}, address = {Sofia}, issn = {1314-4057}, doi = {10.3897/mycokeys.16.9646}, pages = {17 -- 44}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Freshwater fungi are a poorly studied ecological group that includes a high taxonomic diversity. Most studies on aquatic fungal diversity have focused on single habitats, thus the linkage between habitat heterogeneity and fungal diversity remains largely unexplored. We took 216 samples from 54 locations representing eight different habitats in the meso-oligotrophic, temperate Lake Stechlin in North-East Germany. These included the pelagic and littoral water column, sediments, and biotic substrates. We performed high throughput sequencing using the Roche 454 platform, employing a universal eukaryotic marker region within the large ribosomal subunit (LSU) to compare fungal diversity, community structure, and species turnover among habitats. Our analysis recovered 1027 fungal OTUs (97\% sequence similarity). Richness estimates were highest in the sediment, biofilms, and benthic samples (189-231 OTUs), intermediate in water samples (42-85 OTUs), and lowest in plankton samples (8 OTUs). NMDS grouped the eight studied habitats into six clusters, indicating that community composition was strongly influenced by turnover among habitats. Fungal communities exhibited changes at the phylum and order levels along three different substrate categories from littoral to pelagic habitats. The large majority of OTUs (> 75\%) could not be classified below the order level due to the lack of aquatic fungal entries in public sequence databases. Our study provides a first estimate of lake-wide fungal diversity and highlights the important contribution of habitat heterogeneity to overall diversity and community composition. Habitat diversity should be considered in any sampling strategy aiming to assess the fungal diversity of a water body.}, language = {en} } @article{WulfBookhagenScherler2016, author = {Wulf, Hendrik and Bookhagen, Bodo and Scherler, Dirk}, title = {Differentiating between rain, snow, and glacier contributions to river discharge in the western Himalaya using remote-sensing data and distributed hydrological modeling}, series = {Advances in water resources}, volume = {88}, journal = {Advances in water resources}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0309-1708}, doi = {10.1016/j.advwatres.2015.12.004}, pages = {152 -- 169}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Rivers draining the southern Himalaya provide most of the water supply for the densely populated Indo-Gangetic plains. Despite the importance of water resources in light of climate change, the relative contributions of rainfall, snow and glacier melt to discharge are not well understood, due to the scarcity of ground-based data in this complex terrain. Here, we quantify discharge sources in the Sutlej Valley, western Himalaya, from 2000 to 2012 with a distributed hydrological model that is based on daily, ground-calibrated remote-sensing observation. Based on the consistently good model performance, we analyzed the spatiotemporal distribution of hydrologic components and quantified their contribution to river discharge. Our results indicate that the Sutlej River's annual discharge at the mountain front is sourced to 55\% by effective rainfall (rainfall reduced by evapotranspiration), 35\% by snow melt and 10\% by glacier melt. In the high-elevation orogenic interior glacial runoff contributes \&\#8764;30\% to annual river discharge. These glacier melt contributions are especially important during years with substantially reduced rainfall and snowmelt runoff, as during 2004, to compensate for low river discharge and ensure sustained water supply and hydropower generation. In 2004, discharge of the Sutlej River totaled only half the maximum annual discharge; with 17.3\% being sourced by glacier melt. Our findings underscore the importance of calibrating remote-sensing data with ground-based data to constrain hydrological models with reasonable accuracy. For instance, we found that TRMM (Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission) product 3B42 V7 systematically overestimates rainfall in arid regions of our study area by a factor of up to 5. By quantifying the spatiotemporal distribution of water resources we provide an important assessment of the potential impact of global warming on river discharge in the western Himalaya. Given the near-global coverage of the utilized remote-sensing datasets this hydrological modeling approach can be readily transferred to other data-sparse regions.}, language = {en} } @article{WuennemannNoyongKreuelsetal.2016, author = {Wuennemann, Patrick and Noyong, Michael and Kreuels, Klaus and Bruex, Roland and Gordiichuk, Pavlo and van Rijn, Patrick and Plamper, Felix A. and Simon, Ulrich and B{\"o}ker, Alexander}, title = {Microstructured Hydrogel Templates for the Formation of Conductive Gold Nanowire Arrays}, series = {Macromolecular rapid communications}, volume = {37}, journal = {Macromolecular rapid communications}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1022-1336}, doi = {10.1002/marc.201600287}, pages = {1446 -- 1452}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Microstructured hydrogel allows for a new template-guided method to obtain conductive nanowire arrays on a large scale. To generate the template, an imprinting process is used in order to synthesize the hydrogel directly into the grooves of wrinkled polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The resulting poly(N-vinylimidazole)-based hydrogel is defined by the PDMS stamp in pattern and size. Subsequently, tetrachloroaurate(III) ions from aqueous solution are coordinated within the humps of the N-vinylimidazole-containing polymer template and reduced by air plasma. After reduction and development of the gold, to achieve conductive wires, the extension perpendicular to the long axis (width) of the gold strings is considerably reduced compared to the dimension of the parental hydrogel wrinkles (from approximate to 1 mu m down to 200-300 nm). At the same time, the wire-to-wire distance and the overall length of the wires is preserved. The PDMS templates and hydrogel structures are analyzed with scanning force microscopy (SFM) and the gold structures via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The conductivity measurements of the gold nanowires are performed in situ in the SEM, showing highly conductive gold leads. Hence, this method can be regarded as a facile nonlithographic top-down approach from micrometer-sized structures to nanometer-sized features.}, language = {en} } @article{WuGlebeBoeker2016, author = {Wu, Lei and Glebe, Ulrich and B{\"o}ker, Alexander}, title = {Synthesis of Hybrid Silica Nanoparticles Densely Grafted with Thermo and pH Dual-Responsive Brushes via Surface-Initiated ATRP}, series = {Macromolecules : a publication of the American Chemical Society}, volume = {49}, journal = {Macromolecules : a publication of the American Chemical Society}, publisher = {American Chemical Society}, address = {Washington}, issn = {0024-9297}, doi = {10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01792}, pages = {9586 -- 9596}, year = {2016}, language = {en} } @article{WrightAmesMitchelll2016, author = {Wright, Justin P. and Ames, Gregory M. and Mitchelll, Rachel M.}, title = {The more things change, the more they stay the same? When is trait variability important for stability of ecosystem function in a changing environment}, series = {Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London : B, Biological sciences}, volume = {371}, journal = {Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London : B, Biological sciences}, publisher = {Royal Society}, address = {London}, issn = {0962-8436}, doi = {10.1098/rstb.2015.0272}, pages = {7}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The importance of intraspecific trait variability for community dynamics and ecosystem functioning has been underappreciated. There are theoretical reasons for predicting that species that differ in intraspecific trait variability will also differ in their effects on ecosystem functioning, particularly in variable environments. We discuss whether species with greater trait variability are likely to exhibit greater temporal stability in their population dynamics, and under which conditions this might lead to stability in ecosystem functioning. Resolving this requires us to consider several questions. First, are species with high levels of variation for one trait equally variable in others? In particular, is variability in response and effects traits typically correlated? Second, what is the relative contribution of local adaptation and phenotypic plasticity to trait variability? If local adaptation dominates, then stability in function requires one of two conditions: (i) individuals of appropriate phenotypes present in the environment at high enough frequencies to allow for populations to respond rapidly to the changing environment, and (ii) high levels of dispersal and gene flow. While we currently lack sufficient information on the causes and distribution of variability in functional traits, filling in these key data gaps should increase our ability to predict how changing biodiversity will alter ecosystem functioning.}, language = {en} } @article{WotschackKlassertFestman2016, author = {Wotschack, Christiane and Klassert, Annegret and Festman, Julia}, title = {Rapid Automatized Writing (RAW)}, series = {Spektrum Patholinguistik Band 9. Schwerpunktthema: Lauter Laute: Phonologische Verarbeitung und Lautwahrnehmung in der Sprachtherapie}, journal = {Spektrum Patholinguistik Band 9. Schwerpunktthema: Lauter Laute: Phonologische Verarbeitung und Lautwahrnehmung in der Sprachtherapie}, number = {9}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1866-9085}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-99081}, pages = {195 -- 206}, year = {2016}, abstract = {1. Die Effizienz der Handschrift, RAN und RAW, 2. Methode, 3. Ergebnisse, 4. Diskussion, 5. Ausblick, 6. Literatur}, language = {de} } @article{WongAstYuetal.2016, author = {Wong, Joseph K. -H. and Ast, Sandra and Yu, Mingfeng and Flehr, Roman and Counsell, Andrew J. and Turner, Peter and Crisologo, Patrick and Todd, Matthew H. and Rutledge, Peter J.}, title = {Synthesis and Evaluation of 1,8-Disubstituted-Cyclam/Naphthalimide Conjugates as Probes for Metal Ions}, series = {ChemistryOpen : including thesis treasury}, volume = {5}, journal = {ChemistryOpen : including thesis treasury}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {2191-1363}, doi = {10.1002/open.201600010}, pages = {375 -- 385}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Fluorescent molecular probes for metal ions have a raft of potential applications in chemistry and biomedicine. We report the synthesis and photophysical characterisation of 1,8-disubstituted-cyclam/naphthalimide conjugates and their zinc complexes. An efficient synthesis of 1,8-bis-(2-azidoethyl)cyclam has been developed and used to prepare 1,8-disubstituted triazolyl-cyclam systems, in which the pendant group is connected to triazole C4. UV/Vis and fluorescence emission spectra, zinc binding experiments, fluorescence quantum yield and lifetime measurements and pH titrations of the resultant bis-naphthalimide ligand elucidate a complex pattern of photophysical behaviour. Important differences arise from the inclusion of two fluorophores in the one probe and from the variation of triazole substitution pattern (dye at C4 vs. N1). Introducing a second fluorophore greatly extends fluorescence lifetimes, whereas the altered substitution pattern at the cyclam amines exerts a major influence on fluorescence output and metal binding. Crystal structures of two key zinc complexes evidence variations in triazole coordination that mirror the solution-phase behaviour of these systems.}, language = {en} } @article{WollnyFayUrbach2016, author = {Wollny, Anna and Fay, Doris and Urbach, Tina}, title = {Personal initiative in middle childhood: Conceptualization and measurement development}, series = {Learning and individual differences}, volume = {49}, journal = {Learning and individual differences}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1041-6080}, doi = {10.1016/j.lindif.2016.05.004}, pages = {59 -- 73}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Drawing on research on personal initiative in adults, this paper present the conceptualization of personal initiative in the middle childhood, and the development and validation of an eight-item teacher and parent rating scale of children's and adolescents' personal initiative. The psychometric properties and construct validity of the measure were tested in two samples of children in middle childhood (N = 1069-1657) and middle childhood to adolescence (N = 1533). Both the teacher and parent rating scale showed good item characteristics. Results of confirmatory factor analyses supported their hypothesized factorial structure. The agreement of teacher and parent ratings was satisfactory. Evidence on the construct validity of the scale was further derived from a nomological network comprising control cognitions, motivational orientations, and cognitive ability. The measures proved to be invariant across school years and raters. We discuss several avenues for future research on personal initiative in the fields of development and education.}, language = {en} } @article{WolffSchindlerEnglertetal.2016, author = {Wolff, Wanja and Schindler, Sebastian and Englert, Christoph and Brand, Ralf and Kissler, Johanna}, title = {Uninstructed BIAT faking when ego depleted or in normal state: differential effect on brain and behavior}, series = {BMC neuroscience}, volume = {17}, journal = {BMC neuroscience}, publisher = {BioMed Central}, address = {London}, issn = {1471-2202}, doi = {10.1186/s12868-016-0249-8}, pages = {12}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Background: Deception can distort psychological tests on socially sensitive topics. Understanding the cerebral processes that are involved in such faking can be useful in detection and prevention of deception. Previous research shows that faking a brief implicit association test (BIAT) evokes a characteristic ERP response. It is not yet known whether temporarily available self-control resources moderate this response. We randomly assigned 22 participants (15 females, 24.23 +/- 2.91 years old) to a counterbalanced repeated-measurements design. Participants first completed a Brief-IAT (BIAT) on doping attitudes as a baseline measure and were then instructed to fake a negative doping attitude both when self-control resources were depleted and non-depleted. Cerebral activity during BIAT performance was assessed using high-density EEG. Conclusions: Results indicate that temporarily available self-control resources do not affect overt faking success on a BIAT. However, differences were found on an electrophysiological level. This indicates that while on a phenotypical level self-control resources play a negligible role in deliberate test faking the underlying cerebral processes are markedly different.}, language = {en} } @article{WolffSandouqaBrand2016, author = {Wolff, Wanja and Sandouqa, Yaser and Brand, Ralf}, title = {Using, the simple sample count to estimate the frequency of prescription drug neuroenhancement in a sample of Jordan employees}, series = {International journal of drug policy}, volume = {31}, journal = {International journal of drug policy}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0955-3959}, doi = {10.1016/j.drugpo.2015.12.014}, pages = {51 -- 55}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Background: Epidemiological research indicates that the use of prescription drugs to enhance cognitive functioning is prevalent in Western countries, however, research on this phenomenon in Arab countries is lacking. Our study aimed to investigate the frequency of neuroenhancement (NE) using prescription drugs in a sample of employees in Jordan. Methods: A sample of 1186 employees (37.11 +/- 8.37 years old, 495 female), of whom 723 (35.65 +/- 7.53 years old, 396 female) served as teachers, completed a paper-pencil questionnaire. The single sample count technique (SSC) was used in order to secure confidential, self-reporting of prescription drug NE. Results: The 12-month prevalence of NE, estimated with the SSC was 15.43\%. At 26.16\%, the prevalence estimate was markedly higher in the subsample of teachers compared to non-teachers, 0.29\%. Surprisingly, 336 participants did not use the SSC and directly affirmed or denied prescription drug NE. These direct responses yielded a prevalence of 11.57\% for the full sample, 9.73\% for the teachers and 15.60\% for the non-teachers. Conclusion: This is the first study of the frequency of NE in an Arab sample. Results indicate that the use of prescription drug NE is not limited to Western countries and that teachers in Jordan might constitute a high-risk population. Further, participants seem to differ in their use of indirect estimation methods for reporting prescription drug NE. For future research, it might be useful to triangulate standard self reports and indirect estimation methods to assess NE. Possible cultural differences and specific high-risk populations for NE should be investigated further. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @article{WisotzkiBaconBlaizotetal.2016, author = {Wisotzki, Lutz and Bacon, Roland and Blaizot, J. and Brinchmann, Jarle and Herenz, Edmund Christian and Schaye, Joop and Bouche, Nicolas and Cantalupo, Sebastiano and Contini, Thierry and Carollo, C. M. and Caruana, Joseph and Courbot, J. -B. and Emsellem, E. and Kamann, S. and Kerutt, Josephine Victoria and Leclercq, F. and Lilly, S. J. and Patricio, V. and Sandin, C. and Steinmetz, Matthias and Straka, Lorrie A. and Urrutia, Tanya and Verhamme, A. and Weilbacher, Peter Michael and Wendt, Martin}, title = {Extended Lyman alpha haloes around individual high-redshift galaxies revealed by MUSE}, series = {Science}, volume = {587}, journal = {Science}, publisher = {EDP Sciences}, address = {Les Ulis}, issn = {1432-0746}, doi = {10.1051/0004-6361/201527384}, pages = {27}, year = {2016}, abstract = {We report the detection of extended Ly alpha emission around individual star-forming galaxies at redshifts z = 3-6 in an ultradeep exposure of the Hubble Deep Field South obtained with MUSE on the ESO-VLT. The data reach a limiting surface brightness (1 sigma) of similar to 1 x 10(-19) erg s(-1) cm(-2) arcsec(-2) in azimuthally averaged radial profiles, an order of magnitude improvement over previous narrowband imaging. Our sample consists of 26 spectroscopically confirmed Ly alpha-emitting, but mostly continuum-faint (m(AB) greater than or similar to 27) galaxies. In most objects the Ly alpha emission is considerably more extended than the UV continuum light. While five of the faintest galaxies in the sample show no significantly detected Ly alpha haloes, the derived upper limits suggest that this is due to insufficient S/N. Ly alpha haloes therefore appear to be ubiquitous even for low-mass (similar to 10(8)-10(9) M-circle dot) star-forming galaxies at z > 3. We decompose the Ly alpha emission of each object into a compact component tracing the UV continuum and an extended halo component, and infer sizes and luminosities of the haloes. The extended Ly alpha emission approximately follows an exponential surface brightness distribution with a scale length of a few kpc. While these haloes are thus quite modest in terms of their absolute sizes, they are larger by a factor of 5-15 than the corresponding rest-frame UV continuum sources as seen by HST. They are also much more extended, by a factor similar to 5, than Ly alpha haloes around low-redshift star-forming galaxies. Between similar to 40\% and greater than or similar to 90\% of the observed Ly alpha flux comes from the extended halo component, with no obvious correlation of this fraction with either the absolute or the relative size of the Ly alpha halo. Our observations provide direct insights into the spatial distribution of at least partly neutral gas residing in the circumgalactic medium of low to intermediate mass galaxies at z > 3.}, language = {en} } @article{WirthSchachtSaalfranketal.2016, author = {Wirth, Jonas and Schacht, Julia and Saalfrank, Peter and Paulus, Beate}, title = {Fluorination of the Hydroxylated alpha-Al2O3 (0001) and Its Implications for Water Adsorption: A Theoretical Study}, series = {The journal of physical chemistry : C, Nanomaterials and interfaces}, volume = {120}, journal = {The journal of physical chemistry : C, Nanomaterials and interfaces}, publisher = {American Chemical Society}, address = {Washington}, issn = {1932-7447}, doi = {10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b10975}, pages = {9713 -- 9718}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Fluorination of the hydroxylated alpha-Al2O3 (0001) surface is studied using periodic density functional theory calculations. On the basis of a hypothetical reaction substituting surface hydroxyl groups with fluorine atoms, we find surface fluorination to be strongly exergonic but kinetically hindered. Fluorinated surface areas turn out to be rather hydrophobic as compared to hydroxylated areas, suggesting fluorination as a potential route for tuning oxide surface properties such as hydrophilicity.}, language = {en} } @article{WirthKirschWlosczyketal.2016, author = {Wirth, Jonas and Kirsch, Harald and Wlosczyk, Sebastian and Tong, Yujin and Saalfrank, Peter and Campen, Richard Kramer}, title = {Characterization of water dissociation on alpha-Al2O3(1(1)over-bar02): theory and experiment}, series = {Physical chemistry, chemical physics : a journal of European Chemical Societies}, volume = {18}, journal = {Physical chemistry, chemical physics : a journal of European Chemical Societies}, publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {1463-9076}, doi = {10.1039/c6cp01397j}, pages = {14822 -- 14832}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The interaction of water with a-alumina (i.e. alpha-Al2O3) surfaces is important in a variety of applications and a useful model for the interaction of water with environmentally abundant aluminosilicate phases. Despite its significance, studies of water interaction with alpha-Al2O3 surfaces other than the (0001) are extremely limited. Here we characterize the interaction of water (D2O) with a well defined alpha-Al2O3(1 (1) over bar 02) surface in UHV both experimentally, using temperature programmed desorption and surface-specific vibrational spectroscopy, and theoretically, using periodic-slab density functional theory calculations. This combined approach makes it possible to demonstrate that water adsorption occurs only at a single well defined surface site (the so-called 1-4 configuration) and that at this site the barrier between the molecularly and dissociatively adsorbed forms is very low: 0.06 eV. A subset of OD stretch vibrations are parallel to this dissociation coordinate, and thus would be expected to be shifted to low frequencies relative to an uncoupled harmonic oscillator. To quantify this effect we solve the vibrational Schrodinger equation along the dissociation coordinate and find fundamental frequencies red-shifted by more than 1500 cm(-1). Within the context of this model, at moderate temperatures, we further find that some fraction of surface deuterons are likely delocalized: dissociatively and molecularly absorbed states are no longer distinguishable.}, language = {en} } @article{WippertWiebking2016, author = {Wippert, Pia-Maria and Wiebking, C.}, title = {Adaptation to physical activity and mental stress in the context of pain. Psychobiological aspects}, series = {Der Schmerz : Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft zum Studium des Schmerzes, der {\~A}-sterreichischen Schmerzgesellschaft und der Deutschen Interdisziplin{\~A}\iren Vereinigung f{\~A}¼r Schmerztherapie}, volume = {30}, journal = {Der Schmerz : Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft zum Studium des Schmerzes, der {\~A}-sterreichischen Schmerzgesellschaft und der Deutschen Interdisziplin{\~A}\iren Vereinigung f{\~A}¼r Schmerztherapie}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {New York}, issn = {0932-433X}, doi = {10.1007/s00482-016-0147-0}, pages = {429 -- 436}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The genesis of chronic pain is predominantly explained by a multidimensional pain model approach that is based on the dysfunctional influence of biological, psychological and social variables as key risk factors inducing aberrant long-term changes. Biological facets comprise adaptation processes on the neuronal, musculoskeletal and (psycho) biological level that can be influenced by physical training or psychosocial factors, such as stress. These factors can play a causative role in developing dysfunctional adaptation mechanisms, which in turn prepare the biological ground to facilitate negative long-term changes in the peripheral and central nervous systems. Hence, these processes can be assumed to be fundamentally involved in the transition from acute to chronic and persistent pain. The aim of this review article is to discuss hypotheses for the genesis of chronic pain and possible treatment strategies. Selected research results about maladaptive processes in chronic pain due to psychological stress and physical activity are presented in order to inspire discussions about the ideal dose-response relationship of physical activity and the combination of different therapeutic concepts.}, language = {de} } @article{WippertFliesser2016, author = {Wippert, Pia-Maria and Fliesser, Michael}, title = {National doping prevention guidelines : Intent, efficacy and lessons learned}, series = {Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy}, volume = {11}, journal = {Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy}, publisher = {BioMed Central}, address = {London}, issn = {1747-597X}, doi = {10.1186/s13011-016-0079-9}, pages = {7}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Background Doping presents a potential health risk for young athletes. Prevention programs are intended to prevent doping by educating athletes about banned substances. However, such programs have their limitations in practice. This led Germany to introduce the National Doping Prevention Plan (NDPP), in hopes of ameliorating the situation among young elite athletes. Two studies examined 1) the degree to which the NDPP led to improved prevention efforts in elite sport schools, and 2) the extent to which newly developed prevention activities of the national anti-doping agency (NADA) based on the NDPP have improved knowledge among young athletes within elite sports schools. Methods The first objective was investigated in a longitudinal study (Study I: t0 = baseline, t1 = follow-up 4 years after NDPP introduction) with N = 22 teachers engaged in doping prevention in elite sports schools. The second objective was evaluated in a cross-sectional comparison study (Study II) in N = 213 elite sports school students (54.5 \% male, 45.5 \% female, age M = 16.7 ± 1.3 years (all students had received the improved NDDP measure in school; one student group had received additionally NADA anti-doping activities and a control group did not). Descriptive statistics were calculated, followed by McNemar tests, Wilcoxon tests and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). Results Results indicate that 4 years after the introduction of the NDPP there have been limited structural changes with regard to the frequency, type, and scope of doping prevention in elite sport schools. On the other hand, in study II, elite sport school students who received further NADA anti-doping activities performed better on an anti-doping knowledge test than students who did not take part (F(1, 207) = 33.99, p <0.001), although this difference was small. Conclusion The integration of doping-prevention in elite sport schools as part of the NDPP was only partially successful. The results of the evaluation indicate that the introduction of the NDPP has contributed more to a change in the content of doping prevention activities than to a structural transformation in anti-doping education in elite sport schools. Moreover, while students who did receive additional education in the form of the NDPP"booster sessions" had significantly more knowledge about doping than students who did not receive such education, this difference was only small and may not translate to actual behavior.}, language = {en} } @article{WippertFliesser2016, author = {Wippert, Pia-Maria and Fliesser, Michael}, title = {National doping prevention guidelines: Intent, efficacy and lessons learned - A 4-year evaluation}, series = {Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy}, volume = {11}, journal = {Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy}, publisher = {BioMed Central}, address = {London}, issn = {1747-597X}, doi = {10.1186/s13011-016-0079-9}, pages = {7}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Background: Doping presents a potential health risk for young athletes. Prevention programs are intended to prevent doping by educating athletes about banned substances. However, such programs have their limitations in practice. This led Germany to introduce the National Doping Prevention Plan (NDPP), in hopes of ameliorating the situation among young elite athletes. Two studies examined 1) the degree to which the NDPP led to improved prevention efforts in elite sport schools, and 2) the extent to which newly developed prevention activities of the national anti-doping agency (NADA) based on the NDPP have improved knowledge among young athletes within elite sports schools. Methods: The first objective was investigated in a longitudinal study (Study I: t0 = baseline, t1 = follow-up 4 years after NDPP introduction) with N = 22 teachers engaged in doping prevention in elite sports schools. The second objective was evaluated in a cross-sectional comparison study (Study II) in N = 213 elite sports school students (54. 5 \% male, 45.5 \% female, age M = 16.7 +/- 1.3 years (all students had received the improved NDDP measure in school; one student group had received additionally NADA anti-doping activities and a control group did not). Descriptive statistics were calculated, followed by McNemar tests, Wilcoxon tests and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). Results: Results indicate that 4 years after the introduction of the NDPP there have been limited structural changes with regard to the frequency, type, and scope of doping prevention in elite sport schools. On the other hand, in study II, elite sport school students who received further NADA anti-doping activities performed better on an anti-doping knowledge test than students who did not take part (F(1, 207) = 33.99, p < 0.001), although this difference was small. Conclusion: The integration of doping-prevention in elite sport schools as part of the NDPP was only partially successful. The results of the evaluation indicate that the introduction of the NDPP has contributed more to a change in the content of doping prevention activities than to a structural transformation in anti-doping education in elite sport schools. Moreover, while students who did receive additional education in the form of the NDPP "booster sessions" had significantly more knowledge about doping than students who did not receive such education, this difference was only small and may not translate to actual behavior.}, language = {en} } @article{Wippert2016, author = {Wippert, Pia-Maria}, title = {Belastungen im Profi-Fußballsport und Ans{\"a}tze fur das Erholungsmanagement}, series = {Aktuelle Rechtsfragen im Profifußball : psychologische Faktoren und rechtliche Gestaltung}, journal = {Aktuelle Rechtsfragen im Profifußball : psychologische Faktoren und rechtliche Gestaltung}, publisher = {Nomos}, address = {Bade-Baden}, isbn = {978-3-8487-2326-3}, pages = {77 -- 84}, year = {2016}, language = {de} } @article{WinklerAbel2016, author = {Winkler, Michael and Abel, Markus}, title = {Optimized setup for two-dimensional convection experiments in thin liquid films}, series = {Review of scientific instruments : a monthly journal devoted to scientific instruments, apparatus, and techniques}, volume = {87}, journal = {Review of scientific instruments : a monthly journal devoted to scientific instruments, apparatus, and techniques}, publisher = {American Institute of Physics}, address = {Melville}, issn = {0034-6748}, doi = {10.1063/1.4950871}, pages = {11}, year = {2016}, abstract = {We present a novel experimental setup to investigate two-dimensional thermal convection in a freestanding thin liquid film. Such films can be produced in a controlled way on the scale of 5-1000 nm. Our primary goal is to investigate convection patterns and the statistics of reversals in Rayleigh-Benard convection with varying aspect ratio. Additionally, questions regarding the physics of liquid films under controlled conditions can be investigated, like surface forces, or stability under varying thermodynamical parameters. The film is suspended in a frame which can be adjusted in height and width to span an aspect ratio range of Gamma = 0.16-10. The top and bottom frame elements can be set to specific temperature within T = 15 degrees C to 55 degrees C. A thickness to area ratio of approximately 108 enables only two-dimensional fluid motion in the time scales relevant for turbulent motion. The chemical composition of the film is well-defined and optimized for film stability and reproducibility and in combination with carefully controlled ambient parameters allows the comparison to existing experimental and numerical data. Published by AIP Publishing.}, language = {en} } @article{Windoffer2016, author = {Windoffer, Alexander}, title = {„Wir schaffen das!"}, series = {MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen}, volume = {21}, journal = {MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen}, number = {1}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1434-2820}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-95094}, pages = {45 -- 55}, year = {2016}, abstract = {I. Einf{\"u}hrung II. Grenz{\"o}ffnung im Sp{\"a}tsommer 2016 III. Ausgew{\"a}hlte Maßnahmen und Vorschl{\"a}ge zur Begrenzung der Zuwanderung IV. Fazit}, language = {de} } @article{Windoffer2016, author = {Windoffer, Alexander}, title = {Die Rechtsstellung von Fl{\"u}chtlingen in Deutschland}, series = {studere : Rechtszeitschrift der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, volume = {2016}, journal = {studere : Rechtszeitschrift der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, number = {16}, publisher = {studere e.V.}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1867-6170}, pages = {5 -- 27}, year = {2016}, language = {de} } @article{WiltingPatelPfestorfetal.2016, author = {Wilting, A. and Patel, R. and Pfestorf, Hans and Kern, C. and Sultan, K. and Ario, A. and Penaloza, F. and Kramer-Schadt, S. and Radchuk, Viktoriia and Foerster, D. W. and Fickel, J{\"o}rns}, title = {Evolutionary history and conservation significance of the Javan leopard Panthera pardus melas}, series = {Journal of zoology : proceedings of the Zoological Society of London}, volume = {299}, journal = {Journal of zoology : proceedings of the Zoological Society of London}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {0952-8369}, doi = {10.1111/jzo.12348}, pages = {239 -- 250}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The leopard Panthera pardus is widely distributed across Africa and Asia; however, there is a gap in its natural distribution in Southeast Asia, where it occurs on the mainland and on Java but not on the interjacent island of Sumatra. Several scenarios have been proposed to explain this distribution gap. Here, we complemented an existing dataset of 68 leopard mtDNA sequences from Africa and Asia with mtDNA sequences (NADH5+ ctrl, 724bp) from 19 Javan leopards, and hindcasted leopard distribution to the Pleistocene to gain further insights into the evolutionary history of the Javan leopard. Our data confirmed that Javan leopards are evolutionarily distinct from other Asian leopards, and that they have been present on Java since the Middle Pleistocene. Species distribution projections suggest that Java was likely colonized via a Malaya-Java land bridge that by-passed Sumatra, as suitable conditions for leopards during Pleistocene glacial periods were restricted to northern and western Sumatra. As fossil evidence supports the presence of leopards on Sumatra at the beginning of the Late Pleistocene, our projections are consistent with a scenario involving the extinction of leopards on Sumatra as a consequence of the Toba super volcanic eruption (similar to 74kya). The impact of this eruption was minor on Java, suggesting that leopards managed to survive here. Currently, only a few hundred leopards still live in the wild and only about 50 are managed in captivity. Therefore, this unique and distinctive subspecies requires urgent, concerted conservation efforts, integrating insitu and ex situ conservation management activities in a One Plan Approach to species conservation management.}, language = {en} } @article{WildeTreitzKeppleretal.2016, author = {Wilde, Sandra Catharina and Treitz, Christian and Keppler, Julia Katharina and Koudelka, Tomas and Palani, Kalpana and Tholey, Andreas and Rawel, Harshadrai Manilal and Schwarz, Karin}, title = {beta-Lactoglobulin as nanotransporter - Part II: Characterization of the covalent protein modification by allicin and diallyl disulfide}, series = {Food chemistry}, volume = {197}, journal = {Food chemistry}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0308-8146}, doi = {10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.11.011}, pages = {1022 -- 1029}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The whey protein beta-lactoglobulin has been proposed as a transporter for covalent bound bioactive compounds in order to enhance their stability and reduce their sensory perception. The garlic derived compounds allicin and diallyl disulfide were bound covalently to the native and heat denatured protein. The binding site and the influence of the modification on the digestibility were determined by mass spectrometric analysis of the modified beta-lactoglobulin. Further, the conformation of the modified protein was assessed by circular dichroism and dynamic light scattering. The free thiol group of Cys(121) turned out to be the major binding site. After proteolysis with trypsin at pH 7 but not with pepsin at pH 2, a limited transfer to other cysteinyl residues was observed. The covalently bound ligands did not mask any proteolytic cleavage sites of pepsin, trypsin or chymotrypsin. The modified beta-lactoglobulin showed a native like conformation, besides a moderate loosening of protein folding. The covalent binding of organosulfur compounds to beta-lactoglobulin provides a bioactive ingredient without impairing the digestibility and functional properties of the protein. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @article{WieseRehbein2016, author = {Wiese, Heike and Rehbein, Ines}, title = {Coherence in new urban dialects: A case study}, series = {Lingua : international review of general linguistics}, volume = {172}, journal = {Lingua : international review of general linguistics}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0024-3841}, doi = {10.1016/j.lingua.2015.10.016}, pages = {45 -- 61}, year = {2016}, abstract = {This paper investigates evidence for linguistic coherence in new urban dialects that evolved in multiethnic and multilingual urban neighbourhoods. We propose a view of coherence as an interpretation of empirical observations rather than something that would be "out there in the data", and argue that this interpretation should be based on evidence of systematic links between linguistic phenomena, as established by patterns of covariation between phenomena that can be shown to be related at linguistic levels. In a case study, we present results from qualitative and quantitative analyses for a set of phenomena that have been described for Kiezdeutsch, a new dialect from multilingual urban Germany. Qualitative analyses point to linguistic relationships between different phenomena and between pragmatic and linguistic levels. Quantitative analyses, based on corpus data from KiDKo (www.kiezdeutschkorpus.de), point to systematic advantages for the Kiezdeutsch data from a multiethnic and multilingual context provided by the main corpus (KiDKo/Mu), compared to complementary corpus data from a mostly monoethnic and monolingual (German) context (KiDKo/Mo). Taken together, this indicates patterns of covariation that support an interpretation of coherence for this new dialect: ourfindings point to an interconnected linguistic system, rather than to a mere accumulation of individual features. In addition to this internal coherence, the data also points to external coherence: Kiezdeutsch is not disconnected on the outside either, but fully integrated within the general domain of German, an integration that defies a distinction of "autochthonous" and "allochthonous" German, not only at the level of speakers, but also at the level of linguistic systems. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @article{WiesePohle2016, author = {Wiese, Heike and Pohle, Maria}, title = {"I go to the Cinema" or" to the Cinema"? Restrictions of Usage of noncanonical Local Data}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\~A}¼r Sprachwissenschaft}, volume = {35}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\~A}¼r Sprachwissenschaft}, publisher = {De Gruyter Mouton}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {0721-9067}, doi = {10.1515/zfs-2016-0012}, pages = {171 -- 216}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Study 1 targets grammatical restrictions, based on a corpus of peer group conversations among adolescents. We show that noncanonical variants have the form of bare NPs with or without preposition and appear in both multilingual and monolingual speech communities, following the same syntactic and semantic patterns. While there is a quantitative advantage for the multilingual group, noncanonical variants generally constitute only a minority compared to canonical full PP[DP]. Study 2 targets usage restrictions across communicative situations, based on a corpus of elicited productions by adolescents from a multilingual urban neighbourhood. Comparisons show significantly more noncanonical local expressions in informal, peer-group situations than in formal ones for both spoken and written modes. Taken together, results indicate a selective, grammatically restricted and register-bound choice of noncanonical local expressions.}, language = {de} } @article{Wiencke2016, author = {Wiencke, Christopher}, title = {Diskussionsbericht zum Vortrag von Pia Wippert „Belastungen von Leistungssportlern"}, series = {Aktuelle Rechtsfragen im Profifußball : psychologische Faktoren und rechtliche Gestaltung}, journal = {Aktuelle Rechtsfragen im Profifußball : psychologische Faktoren und rechtliche Gestaltung}, publisher = {Nomos}, address = {Bade-Baden}, isbn = {978-3-8487-2326-3}, pages = {85 -- 87}, year = {2016}, language = {de} } @article{Wiencke2016, author = {Wiencke, Christopher}, title = {Diskussionsbericht zum Vortrag von Prof. Dr. Martin H{\"a}ublein „Die F{\"u}rsorgepflicht des Arbeitgebers - Der (Extrem)Fall Breno"}, series = {Aktuelle Rechtsfragen im Profifußball : psychologische Faktoren und rechtliche Gestaltung}, journal = {Aktuelle Rechtsfragen im Profifußball : psychologische Faktoren und rechtliche Gestaltung}, publisher = {Nomos}, address = {Bade-Baden}, isbn = {978-3-8487-2326-3}, pages = {187 -- 193}, year = {2016}, language = {de} } @article{WiemersFischer2016, author = {Wiemers, Michael and Fischer, Martin H.}, title = {Effects of Hand Proximity and Movement Direction in Spatial and Temporal Gap Discrimination}, series = {Frontiers in psychology}, volume = {7}, journal = {Frontiers in psychology}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-1078}, doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01930}, pages = {10}, year = {2016}, language = {en} }