@misc{QuiterioMartinsOnofreetal.2018,
  author    = {Quiterio, Ana and Martins, Joao and Onofre, Marcos and Costa, Joao and Rodrigues, Joao Mota and Gerlach, Erin and Scheur, Claude and Herrmann, Christian},
  title     = {MOBAK 1 assessment in primary physical education},
  series = {Perceptual \& motor skills},
  volume    = {125},
  journal   = {Perceptual \& motor skills},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {Sage Publ.},
  address   = {Thousand Oaks},
  issn      = {0031-5125},
  doi       = {10.1177/0031512518804358},
  pages     = {1055 -- 1069},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Children's motor competence is known to have a determinant role in learning and engaging later in complex motor skills and, thus, in physical activity. The development of adequate motor competence is a central aim of physical education, and assuring that pupils are learning and developing motor competence depends on accurate assessment protocols. The MOBAK 1 test battery is a recent instrument developed to assess motor competence in primary physical education. This study used the MOBAK 1 to explore motor competence levels and gender differences among 249 (Mage = 6.3, SD = 0.5 years; 127 girls and 122 boys) Grade 1 primary school Portuguese children. On independent sample t tests, boys presented higher object movement motor competence than girls (boys: M = 5.8, SD = 1.7; girls: M = 4.0, SD = 1.7; p < .001), while girls were more proficient among self-movement skills (girls: M = 5.1, SD = 1.8; boys: M = 4.3, SD = 1.7; p < .01). On "total motor competence," boys (M = 10.3, SD = 2.6) averaged one point ahead of girls (M = 9.1, SD = 2.9). The percentage of girls in the first quartile of object movement was 18.9\%, while, for "self movement," the percentage of boys in the first quartile was almost double that of girls (30.3\% and 17.3\%, respectively). The confirmatory model to test for construct validity confirmed the assumed theoretical two-factor structure of MOBAK 1 test items in this Portuguese sample. These results support the MOBAK 1 instrument for assessing motor competence and highlighted gender differences, of relevance to intervention efforts.},
  language  = {en}
}