@article{SchuermannVogelEbeletal.2018,
  author    = {Sch{\"u}rmann, Robin Mathis and Vogel, Stefanie and Ebel, Kenny and Bald, Ilko},
  title     = {The physico-chemical basis of DNA radiosensitization},
  series = {Chemistry - a European journal},
  volume    = {24},
  journal   = {Chemistry - a European journal},
  number    = {41},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {0947-6539},
  doi       = {10.1002/chem.201800804},
  pages     = {10271 -- 10279},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {High-energy radiation is used in combination with radiosensitizing therapeutics to treat cancer. The most common radiosensitizers are halogenated nucleosides and cisplatin derivatives, and recently also metal nanoparticles have been suggested as potential radiosensitizing agents. The radiosensitizing action of these compounds can at least partly be ascribed to an enhanced reactivity towards secondary low-energy electrons generated along the radiation track of the high-energy primary radiation, or to an additional emission of secondary reactive electrons close to the tumor tissue. This is referred to as physico-chemical radiosensitization. In this Concept article we present current experimental methods used to study fundamental processes of physico-chemical radiosensitization and discuss the most relevant classes of radiosensitizers. Open questions in the current discussions are identified and future directions outlined, which can lead to optimized treatment protocols or even novel therapeutic concepts.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RackwitzKopyraDabkowskaetal.2016,
  author    = {Rackwitz, Jenny and Kopyra, Janina and Dabkowska, Iwona and Ebel, Kenny and Rankovic, MiloS Lj. and Milosavljevic, Aleksandar R. and Bald, Ilko},
  title     = {Sensitizing DNA Towards Low-Energy Electrons with 2-Fluoroadenine},
  series = {Angewandte Chemie : a journal of the Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker ; International edition},
  volume    = {55},
  journal   = {Angewandte Chemie : a journal of the Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker ; International edition},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {1433-7851},
  doi       = {10.1002/anie.201603464},
  pages     = {10248 -- 10252},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {2-Fluoroadenine ((2F)A) is a therapeutic agent, which is suggested for application in cancer radiotherapy. The molecular mechanism of DNA radiation damage can be ascribed to a significant extent to the action of low-energy (<20 eV) electrons (LEEs), which damage DNA by dissociative electron attachment. LEE induced reactions in (2F)A are characterized both isolated in the gas phase and in the condensed phase when it is incorporated into DNA. Information about negative ion resonances and anion-mediated fragmentation reactions is combined with an absolute quantification of DNA strand breaks in (2F)A-containing oligonucleotides upon irradiation with LEEs. The incorporation of (2F)A into DNA results in an enhanced strand breakage. The strand-break cross sections are clearly energy dependent, whereas the strand-break enhancements by (2F)A at 5.5, 10, and 15 eV are very similar. Thus, (2F)A can be considered an effective radiosensitizer operative at a wide range of electron energies.},
  language  = {en}
}