@book{AdrianoBleifussChengetal.2019, author = {Adriano, Christian and Bleifuß, Tobias and Cheng, Lung-Pan and Diba, Kiarash and Fricke, Andreas and Grapentin, Andreas and Jiang, Lan and Kovacs, Robert and Krejca, Martin Stefan and Mandal, Sankalita and Marwecki, Sebastian and Matthies, Christoph and Mattis, Toni and Niephaus, Fabio and Pirl, Lukas and Quinzan, Francesco and Ramson, Stefan and Rezaei, Mina and Risch, Julian and Rothenberger, Ralf and Roumen, Thijs and Stojanovic, Vladeta and Wolf, Johannes}, title = {Technical report}, number = {129}, editor = {Meinel, Christoph and Plattner, Hasso and D{\"o}llner, J{\"u}rgen Roland Friedrich and Weske, Mathias and Polze, Andreas and Hirschfeld, Robert and Naumann, Felix and Giese, Holger and Baudisch, Patrick and Friedrich, Tobias and B{\"o}ttinger, Erwin and Lippert, Christoph}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-465-4}, issn = {1613-5652}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-42753}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-427535}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {vi, 267}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Design and Implementation of service-oriented architectures imposes a huge number of research questions from the fields of software engineering, system analysis and modeling, adaptability, and application integration. Component orientation and web services are two approaches for design and realization of complex web-based system. Both approaches allow for dynamic application adaptation as well as integration of enterprise application. Commonly used technologies, such as J2EE and .NET, form de facto standards for the realization of complex distributed systems. Evolution of component systems has lead to web services and service-based architectures. This has been manifested in a multitude of industry standards and initiatives such as XML, WSDL UDDI, SOAP, etc. All these achievements lead to a new and promising paradigm in IT systems engineering which proposes to design complex software solutions as collaboration of contractually defined software services. Service-Oriented Systems Engineering represents a symbiosis of best practices in object-orientation, component-based development, distributed computing, and business process management. It provides integration of business and IT concerns. The annual Ph.D. Retreat of the Research School provides each member the opportunity to present his/her current state of their research and to give an outline of a prospective Ph.D. thesis. Due to the interdisciplinary structure of the research school, this technical report covers a wide range of topics. These include but are not limited to: Human Computer Interaction and Computer Vision as Service; Service-oriented Geovisualization Systems; Algorithm Engineering for Service-oriented Systems; Modeling and Verification of Self-adaptive Service-oriented Systems; Tools and Methods for Software Engineering in Service-oriented Systems; Security Engineering of Service-based IT Systems; Service-oriented Information Systems; Evolutionary Transition of Enterprise Applications to Service Orientation; Operating System Abstractions for Service-oriented Computing; and Services Specification, Composition, and Enactment.}, language = {en} } @book{GroeneKnoepfelKugeletal.2004, author = {Gr{\"o}ne, Bernhard and Kn{\"o}pfel, Andreas and Kugel, Rudolf and Schmidt, Oliver}, title = {The Apache Modeling Project}, isbn = {978-3-937786-14-8}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-33147}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2004}, abstract = {This document presents an introduction to the Apache HTTP Server, covering both an overview and implementation details. It presents results of the Apache Modelling Project done by research assistants and students of the Hasso-Plattner-Institute in 2001, 2002 and 2003. The Apache HTTP Server was used to introduce students to the application of the modeling technique FMC, a method that supports transporting knowledge about complex systems in the domain of information processing (software and hardware as well). After an introduction to HTTP servers in general, we will focus on protocols and web technology. Then we will discuss Apache, its operational environment and its extension capabilities— the module API. Finally we will guide the reader through parts of the Apache source code and explain the most important pieces.}, language = {en} } @book{Nosova1999, author = {Nosova, Olga}, title = {The attractiveness of foreign direct investment in Russia and Ukraine : a statistical analysis}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-12079}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {1999}, abstract = {In this paper a comparative exploration of the potential for foreign investment and real inflow to Russia and Ukraine are examined. The analysis showed that primarily both countries enjoyed significant comparative advantages in attracting foreign capital. Since the foundation of independent states in 1992 attractiveness began to diverge dramatically. This difference is clearly explained by the determination of the Russian government to reform the economy earlier than the Ukrainian government. The transition to a market economy is closely connected with the development of a favorable investment climate in both countries. It includes the foundation of a stable system of property rights and a conducive legal environment.}, language = {en} } @book{OPUS4-3905, title = {The Celtic Englishes IV : the interface between english and the celtic languages ; proceedings of the fourth International Colloquium on the "Celtic Englishes" held at the University of Potsdam in Golm (Germany) from 22 - 26 September 2004}, editor = {Tristram, Hildegard L. C.}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-939469-06-3}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-40904}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {350}, year = {2006}, abstract = {What is "Celtic"and what is universal in the "Celtic Englishes"? This was the central concern of the fourth and final Colloquium of studies on language contact between English and the Celtic languages at the University of Potsdam in September 2004. The contributions to this volume discuss the "Celtic" peculiarities of Standard English in England and in Ireland (North and South). They also examine the perceived "Celticity" of personal names in the "Celtic" countries (Ireland, Wales, Cornwall, Brittany). Moreover, they put emphasis on specific grammatical features such as the expression of perfectivity, relativity, intensification and the typological shift of verbal word formation from syntheticity to analycity as well as the emergence of universal contact trends shared by Celtic, African and Indian Englishes. Thus, the choice of contributors and the scope of their articles makes Celtic Englishes IV an invaluable handbook for scholarly work in the field of the English - Celtic relations.}, language = {en} } @book{OPUS4-691, title = {The Celtic languages in contact : Papers from the workshop within the framework of the XIII International Congress of Celtic Studies, Bonn, 26-27 July 2007}, editor = {Tristram, Hildegard L. C.}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-940793-07-2}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-15682}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {II, 335}, year = {2007}, abstract = {This collection contains 13 papers presented in the workshop on the "The Celtic Languages in Contact" organised by Hildegard L. C. Tristram at the XIII International Celtic Congress in Bonn (Germany), July 23rd - 27th, 2007. The authors of two papers from another section also contributed their papers to this volume, as they deal with closely related issues. The time-span covered ranges from potential pre-historic contacts of Celtic with Altaic languages or Nostratic cognates in Celtic, through the hypothesis of Afro-Asiatic as a possible substrate for Celtic, Latin and Gaulish contacts in Gaul, the impact of Vulgar Latin on the formation of the Insular Celtic Languages as a linguistic area (Sprachbund), to various contact scenarios involving the modern Insular Celtic languages as well as English and French. The final paper reflects on the political status of the modern Insular Celtic languages in the Europe of the 27 EU countries.}, language = {en} } @book{Ehebrecht2014, author = {Ehebrecht, Daniel}, title = {The challenge of informal settlement upgrading : Breaking new ground in Hangberg, Cape Town?}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-300-8}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-71232}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {184}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Despite its many challenges and limitations the concept of in situ upgrading of informal settlements has become one of the most favoured approaches to the housing crisis in the 'Global South'. Due to its inherent principles of incremental in situ development, prevention of relocations, protection of local livelihoods and democratic participation and cooperation, this approach is often perceived to be more sustainable than other housing approaches that often rely on quantitative housing delivery and top down planning methodologies. While this study does not question the benefits of the in situ upgrading approach, it seeks to identify problems of its practical implementation within a specific national and local context. The study discusses the origin and importance of this approach on the basis of a review of international housing policy development and analyses the broader political and social context of the incorporation of this approach into South African housing policy. It further uses insights from a recent case study in Cape Town to determine complications and conflicts that can arise when applying in situ upgrading of informal settlements in a complex local context. On that basis benefits and limitations of the in situ upgrading approach are specified and prerequisites for its successful implementation formulated.}, language = {en} } @book{Tragl2005, author = {Tragl, Stefanie}, title = {The Development of Polish Telecommunications Administration (1989 - 2003)}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-3607}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2005}, abstract = {The development of the Polish telecommunications administration in the years 1989/90 to 2003 is marked by the processes of liberalisation and privatisation the telecommunications sector underwent during that period. The gradual liberalisation of the Polish telecommunications sector started as early as 1992. In the beginning, national strategies were pursued. The most important of these was the creation of a bipolar market structure in the local area networks. In the second half of the 1990ies the approaching EU membership accelerated the process of liberalisation and consequently the development of a framework of regulations. EU standards are more directed towards setting out a legal framework for regulation than prescribing concrete details of administrative organisation. Nevertheless, the independent regulatory agencies typical for Western Europe served as a model for the introduction of a new regulatory body responsible for the telecommunications sector in Poland. The growing influence of EU legislation changed telecommunications policy as well as administrative practices. There has been a shift of responsibilities from the ministry to the regulatory agency, but the question remains, if the agency gained enough power to fulfil its regulatory function. In the following the legislative framework created by the EU in telecommunications policy will be described and the model of independent regulatory agencies, as it is typical for most EU countries, will be introduced. Some categories for the analysis of the Polish regulatory system will be deduced from the discussion on the regulations of telecommunication in the established EU-Nations (see B{\"o}llhoff 2002 and 2003, Thatcher 2002a and 2002b, Thatcher/Stone Sweet 2002). Subsequently the basic features of Polish telecommunication policies in the 1990ies and its effects on the telecommunications sector will be outlined. In the third chapter the development of organisational structures on the ministerial level and within the regulatory agency will be examined. In the forth chapter I will look at the distribution of power and the coordination of the various authorities responsible for telecommunication regulations. The focus of this chapter is on the Polish regulatory agency and its relationships with the ministry, with the anti-monopoly office and with the Broadcasting and Television Council. In a conclusion, the main findings will be summed up.}, language = {en} } @book{Switlyk1999, author = {Switlyk, Michael}, title = {The economic standing of the partnership companies which lease agricultural real estate from the agricultural property agency of the state treasury in Gorz{\´o}w Voivodeship in 1996 and 1997}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-48858}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {1999}, abstract = {The aim of the work was to present the results of the analyses economic standing of the partnership companies which lease agricultural real estate from Agricultural Property Agency of State Treasury (APA) in 1996 and 1997. The analyses proved poor economic condition of the firms under investigation and especially their low level of stabilisation (the index of total debt was in 1996 equal to 0.88 and in 1997 to 0.96) and the low level of their solvency.}, language = {en} } @book{Luebbe2011, author = {L{\"u}bbe, Alexander}, title = {The effect of tangible media on individuals in business process modeling : a controlled experiment = Der Einfluss greifbarer Medien auf einzelne Personen bei der Gesch{\"a}ftsprozessmodellierung : ein kontrolliertes Experiment}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-108-0}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-49001}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {42}, year = {2011}, abstract = {In current practice, business processes modeling is done by trained method experts. Domain experts are interviewed to elicit their process information but not involved in modeling. We created a haptic toolkit for process modeling that can be used in process elicitation sessions with domain experts. We hypothesize that this leads to more effective process elicitation. This paper brakes down "effective elicitation" to 14 operationalized hypotheses. They are assessed in a controlled experiment using questionnaires, process model feedback tests and video analysis. The experiment compares our approach to structured interviews in a repeated measurement design. We executed the experiment with 17 student clerks from a trade school. They represent potential users of the tool. Six out of fourteen hypotheses showed significant difference due to the method applied. Subjects reported more fun and more insights into process modeling with tangible media. Video analysis showed significantly more reviews and corrections applied during process elicitation. Moreover, people take more time to talk and think about their processes. We conclude that tangible media creates a different working mode for people in process elicitation with fun, new insights and instant feedback on preliminary results.}, language = {en} } @book{BakardjievaSowada1999, author = {Bakardjieva, Radostina and Sowada, Christoph}, title = {The employment crisis, pensions and poverty in Bulgaria 1990-1998 : trends - consequences - preventative measures}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-48899}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {1999}, abstract = {After promising beginnings towards transformation, in 1991 the Bulgarian economy fell into deep crisis in the period from 1995 to 1997. Social policy, already overstrained due to the demands of transition, was unable to cope effectively with the rapidly spreading state of emergency. The following essay analyses the development of the social indicators and instruments of social security in the years 1990 to 1998. In addition to unemployment and unemployment insurance, the issue of pensions and poverty will also be examined.}, language = {en} } @book{OkaforObasi2003, author = {Okafor-Obasi, Obasi}, title = {The enforcement of state obligations to respect and ensure human rights in international law}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-51330}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2003}, abstract = {Content: I. The nature and form of international law 1. The acceptance of the existence of an international legal order 2. The legal position of the individual in international law II. Obligations of states in the protection of international human rights 1. Treaty-based human rights obligations 2. The nature of treaty-based human rights obligations 3. The "absolute" and "objective" character of human rights treaty obligations 4. Human rights conventions as self-contained regimes 5. The problem of characterisation of human rights obligations of states III. Human rights obligations arising from general principles of international law 1. Obligations erga omnes and human rights norms 2. The outlawing of genocide as obligation erga omnes 3. Protection from slavery as obligation erga omnes 4. The outlawing of acts of aggression as obligation erga omnes 5. Protection from racial discrimination as obligation erga omnes 6. The basic rights of the human person as obligation erga omnes 7. Jus Cogens and the search for peremptory norms of human rights 8. International crimes and human rights norms 9. The relationship between the concepts: erga omnes, jus cogens, international crime and human rights IV. International instruments for the coercive enforcement of state obligations to 'respect and ensure' human rights 1. Countermeasures as consequences of breach of treaties in international law 2. Application of reprisals for the enforcement of treaty-based human rights obligations 3. Intervention for the protection of human rights in international law 4. Intervention by the Security Council for the protection of human rights: the situation before the East-West d{\´e}tente 5. Humanitarian intervention after the end of the Cold War 6. The legal nature of ECOWAS intervention in the Liberian Civil War 7. The legality of NATO's intervention in Kosovo 8. Some instances of intervention with mixed motives V. Non-forceful measures for the enforcement of states' human rights obligations 1. Economic and financial pressure as means of enforcing states' obligation to respect and observe human rights 2. The application of the clausula rebus sic stantibus for the protection of human rights 3. The enforcement of human rights through the World Bank 4. The enforcement of human rights through the ILO 5. Diplomatic recognition as an instrument for securing a state's respect and promotion of human rights 6. Refusal to comply with an extradition agreement as a means of enforcing a state's human rights obligations 7. Denial of immunity as a means of enforcing a state's human rights obligations 8. Publicity as an instrument for the enforcement of human rights VI. Judicial enforcement of state obligations to 'respect and ensure' human rights 1. Enforcement of human rights through International Criminal Tribunals 2. The International Criminal Tribunal for Yugoslavia 3. The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda 4. The International Special Court of Sierra Leone R{\´e}sum{\´e}}, language = {en} } @book{BeckmannHildebrandJascheketal.2019, author = {Beckmann, Tom and Hildebrand, Justus and Jaschek, Corinna and Krebs, Eva and L{\"o}ser, Alexander and Taeumel, Marcel and Pape, Tobias and Fister, Lasse and Hirschfeld, Robert}, title = {The font engineering platform}, number = {128}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-464-7}, issn = {1613-5652}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-42748}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-427487}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {viii, 115}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Creating fonts is a complex task that requires expert knowledge in a variety of domains. Often, this knowledge is not held by a single person, but spread across a number of domain experts. A central concept needed for designing fonts is the glyph, an elemental symbol representing a readable character. Required domains include designing glyph shapes, engineering rules to combine glyphs for complex scripts and checking legibility. This process is most often iterative and requires communication in all directions. This report outlines a platform that aims to enhance the means of communication, describes our prototyping process, discusses complex font rendering and editing in a live environment and an approach to generate code based on a user's live-edits.}, language = {en} } @book{Petersen1999, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {The German tax and transfer system : a problem oriented overview}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-8780}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {1999}, abstract = {Contents: The Tax System The Transfer System Principles, Benefits, and Marginal Rates Integrated System and Basic Security Further Political Patterns}, language = {en} } @book{Kayser2019, author = {Kayser, Leonie}, title = {The Golm Campus of the University of Potsdam}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-472-2}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-43140}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-431404}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {88}, year = {2019}, abstract = {West of Potsdam's city center lies the Golm Campus, the largest campus of the University of Potsdam. Its different buildings tell of the numerous institutions that were established at this site over the years: From the mid-1930s, the Walther Wever Barracks were located here. From 1943, it housed the Air Intelligence Division of the German Airforce Supreme Commander. In 1951, a training institution of the Ministry of State Security moved in, which existed until 1989 under different names. In July 1991, the newly founded University of Potsdam took over the premises, which are now part of the Potsdam-Golm Science Park. The book takes you on a historic journey of the place and invites you to take a walk across today's campus. The book includes over 110 photos and a detailed map.}, language = {en} } @book{NastanskyStrohe2010, author = {Nastansky, Andreas and Strohe, Hans Gerhard}, title = {The impact of changes in asset prices on real economic activity : a cointegration analysis for Germany}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-43762}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2010}, abstract = {This paper reviews theoretical and empirical evidence of asset price movements impact on the real economic activity. A key channel is the wealth effect on consumption. Fluctuations in stock prices and housing prices influence the households wealth and could have important impacts on households consumption. In addition, stock prices may affect corporate sector investments and property prices may affect building activity. Here, the method of cointegration is used to estimate the wealth effect and the investment effect in aggregate time series for Germany after the Reunification in 1990. Moreover, we discuss the role of asset prices in the monetary policy strategy of the ECB.}, language = {en} } @book{AppeltauerHirschfeld2012, author = {Appeltauer, Malte and Hirschfeld, Robert}, title = {The JCop language specification : Version 1.0, April 2012}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-193-6}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-60208}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {iv, 48}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Program behavior that relies on contextual information, such as physical location or network accessibility, is common in today's applications, yet its representation is not sufficiently supported by programming languages. With context-oriented programming (COP), such context-dependent behavioral variations can be explicitly modularized and dynamically activated. In general, COP could be used to manage any context-specific behavior. However, its contemporary realizations limit the control of dynamic adaptation. This, in turn, limits the interaction of COP's adaptation mechanisms with widely used architectures, such as event-based, mobile, and distributed programming. The JCop programming language extends Java with language constructs for context-oriented programming and additionally provides a domain-specific aspect language for declarative control over runtime adaptations. As a result, these redesigned implementations are more concise and better modularized than their counterparts using plain COP. JCop's main features have been described in our previous publications. However, a complete language specification has not been presented so far. This report presents the entire JCop language including the syntax and semantics of its new language constructs.}, language = {en} } @book{Faber1999, author = {Faber, Cathleen}, title = {The measurement and development of georgian consumer prices}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-12139}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {1999}, abstract = {This paper presents in the first section a methodological introduction concerning statistics of consumer prices in Georgia. The second section gives a general idea of the development of consumer prices from January 1994 till September 1999. A detailed regional analysis is added in section 3. The fourth section analyses the development of consumer prices for the eight main groups included in the total CPI. Section 5 compares the changes in Georgian CPI with the movements of foreign exchange rates in Georgian Lari. This paper ends with a summary including a short outlook to the next years.}, language = {en} } @book{OPUS4-1430, title = {The notions of information structure}, editor = {F{\´e}ry, Caroline and Fanselow, Gisbert and Krifka, Manfred}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-939469-88-9}, issn = {1614-4708}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-15472}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {235}, year = {2007}, abstract = {Contents: Introduction (The Editors) Basic Notions of Information Structure (Manfred Krifka) Notions of Focus Anaphoricity (Mats Rooth) Topic and Focus: Two Structural Positions Associated with Logical Functions in the Left Periphery of the Hungarian Sentence (Katalin {\´E}. Kiss) Direct and Indirect Aboutness Topics (Cornelia Endriss \& Stefan Hinterwimmer) Information Structure as Information-based Partition (Satoshi Tomioka) Focus Presuppositions (Dorit Abush) Contrastive Focus, Givenness and the Unmarked Status of "Discourse-new"(Elisabeth O. Selkirk) Contrastive Focus (Malte Zimmermann) The Fallacy of Invariant Phonological Correlates of Information Structural Notions (Caroline F{\´e}ry) Notions and Subnotions of Information Structure (Carlos Gussenhoven) The Restricted Access of Information Structure to Syntax - A Minority Report (Gisbert Fanselow) Focus and Tone (Katharina Hartmann)}, language = {en} } @book{Petersen2002, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {The polit-economic situation in germany : chances for changes in resource and energy economics}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-8866}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2002}, abstract = {Contents: Regional Management, Land Use and Energy Production -Biophysical View -First Hypothesis -International and Interregional Cooperation -Second Hypothesis -Partnership with Nature Sustainability and the Agricultural Sector -Traditional Farming -Mono-cultural Bio-industry -Liquid Manure Problems -Clean Drinking Water -Integrated Agro-industrial System -Ecological Farming -Ecotones and Bio-manipulation Regional Economic and Agricultural Policy -New Roles for the Agricultural Sector}, language = {en} } @book{Park2020, author = {Park, Jieun}, title = {The public-private partnerships' impact on transparency and effectiveness in the EU internet content regulation}, number = {26}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {2190-4561}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-48718}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-487183}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {vi, 73}, year = {2020}, abstract = {This master's thesis examined the internet content regulation in Germany from a perspective of Public-Private Partnerships. In the European Union, there has been a latest trend of initiatives aiming for combating illegal content online under the self-regulatory regime. Yet, concerns of this trend were that transparency cannot be ensured properly to safeguard the freedom of expression, and that the private intermediaries are not able to carry out effective regulation under the non-binding regulatory process. Due to these issues, Germany has legislated the Network Enforcement Act in 2017. This thesis used Mixed Methods within a Case Study Research, in order to identify the PPP type of the NetzDG, and to understand its link on transparency and effectiveness, as well as the relationship of these two dimensions. By taking an Exploratory Sequential Design, the German internet content regulation under the NetzDG was explored to understand its co-regulatory regime and to develop an instrument to measure the aspects of transparency and effectiveness. Then, the three big social media platforms, YouTube, Twitter, and Facebook, were examined according to the developed indicators. This thesis concluded as follow: First, the enactment of the NetzDG brought the shift of the regulatory paradigm from the self-regulatory to the co-regulatory. Yet, the actor-inclusive institutional arrangement of the NetzDG did not successfully result in the actual inclusion of actors in decision-making, but only improved the result transparency in the disclosure of take-down actions. Second, the level of effective regulation was not consistent across the three social media platforms under this regime. Despite these limitations, this study showed that the transparency and the effectiveness of the social media platforms' implementation gradually improved together, instead of having a negative correlation to one another.}, language = {en} } @book{Weikard1996, author = {Weikard, Hans-Peter}, title = {The Rawlsian principles of justice reconsidered : paper prepared for the 3rd international meeting of the Society for Social Choice and Welfare, Maastricht, 22 - 25 June 1996}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-16128}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {1996}, abstract = {Of Rawls's two principles of justice only the second has received attention from economists. The second principle is concerned with the social and economic conditions in a just society. The first principle, however, has largely been neglected. It claims, that all people in society should have equal basic liberties. In this paper Rawls's first principle is characterised in a freedom of choice framework. The analysis reveals conceptual problems of the Rawlsian approach to justice.}, language = {en} } @book{FigariLayus2010, author = {Figari Lay{\´u}s, Rosario}, title = {The role of transitional justice in the midst of ongoing armed conflicts}, series = {Potsdamer Studien zu Staat, Recht und Politik}, journal = {Potsdamer Studien zu Staat, Recht und Politik}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-063-2}, issn = {1867-2663}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-42500}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {111}, year = {2010}, abstract = {Between 2002 and 2006 the Colombian government of {\´A}lvaro Uribe counted with great international support to hand a demobilization process of right-wing paramilitary groups, along with the implementation of transitional justice policies such as penal prosecutions and the creation of a National Commission for Reparation and Reconciliation (NCRR) to address justice, truth and reparation for victims of paramilitary violence. The demobilization process began when in 2002 the United Self Defence Forces of Colombia (Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia, AUC) agreed to participate in a government-sponsored demobilization process. Paramilitary groups were responsible for the vast majority of human rights violations for a period of over 30 years. The government designed a special legal framework that envisaged great leniency for paramilitaries who committed serious crimes and reparations for victims of paramilitary violence. More than 30,000 paramilitaries have demobilized under this process between January 2003 and August 2006. Law 975, also known as the "Justice and Peace Law", and Decree 128 have served as the legal framework for the demobilization and prosecutions of paramilitaries. It has offered the prospect of reduced sentences to demobilized paramilitaries who committed crimes against humanity in exchange for full confessions of crimes, restitution for illegally obtained assets, the release of child soldiers, the release of kidnapped victims and has also provided reparations for victims of paramilitary violence. The Colombian demobilization process presents an atypical case of transitional justice. Many observers have even questioned whether Colombia can be considered a case of transitional justice. Transitional justice measures are often taken up after the change of an authoritarian regime or at a post-conflict stage. However, the particularity of the Colombian case is that transitional justice policies were introduced while the conflict still raged. In this sense, the Colombian case expresses one of the key elements to be addressed which is the tension between offering incentives to perpetrators to disarm and demobilize to prevent future crimes and providing an adequate response to the human rights violations perpetrated throughout the course of an internal conflict. In particular, disarmament, demobilization and reintegration processes require a fine balance between the immunity guarantees offered to ex-combatants and the sought of accountability for their crimes. International law provides the legal framework defining the rights to justice, truth and reparations for victims and the corresponding obligations of the State, but the peace negotiations and conflicted political structures do not always allow for the fulfillment of those rights. Thus, the aim of this article is to analyze what kind of transition may be occurring in Colombia by focusing on the role that transitional justice mechanisms may play in political negotiations between the Colombian government and paramilitary groups. In particular, it seeks to address to what extent such processes contribute to or hinder the achievement of the balance between peacebuilding and accountability, and thus facilitate a real transitional process.}, language = {en} } @book{AlexeevSavoskulSimaginetal.2003, author = {Alexeev, Alexandr Ivanovich and Savoskul, Maria Sergeevna and Simagin, Yuriy Alexeevich and Shabalina, Natalia Vladimirovna and Porosenkov, Yuriy Vasilevich and Didenko, Olga Valerievna and Krupko, Anatoliy Emanuilovich and Rudzkiy, Viktor Valentinovich and Prazdnikova, Nadezda Nikolaevna and Lyssenkova, Soya Valerianovna and Matei, Constantin Gheorghe and Hachi, Mihai Gheorghe and Sainsus, Valerii Anton}, title = {The socio-economic transformation of rural areas in Russia and Moldava}, editor = {Heller, Wilfried and Felgentreff, Carsten and Lindner, Waltraud}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-935024-79-2}, issn = {0934-716X}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-53092}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {163}, year = {2003}, language = {en} } @book{PetersenNaydenov1999, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg and Naydenov, Atanas}, title = {The tax and social contribution system in Bulgaria : formal structure and possible impacts}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-48885}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {1999}, abstract = {Like in all countries in transition, the tax as well as the transfer system have been under serious reform pressures. The socialistic systems were not able to fulfill the necessary functions in providing a certain degree of redistribution and social security, which are inevitable for social oriented market economies. Increasing income and wage differentiation is one of the most important prerequisites for a market oriented ability to pay tax system. But in the transformation period, numerous quasi-legal or even illegal property transactions have taken place, thus leading to wealth concentrations on the one hand while as consequence of the bankruptcy of socialism, enormous poverty problems have arisen on the other. For the political acceptance of the transformation process it is of utmost importance that an efficient and fair tax system is implemented and social security is organised by the state on a level which secures at least the physical minimum of subsistence or - if economically possible - even a social-cultural minimum. Whether the state should go further in providing compulsory social insurance systems has been a hotly debated topic for decades even in the welfare and social states of the Western type. Whereas the basic security systems have to be financed by general tax revenue, for a compulsory social insurance system - due to the insurance character - special earmarked social security contribution are held necessary. Both public goods and services as well as at least basic security have to be financed by total tax revenue. For the acceptance and fairness of the whole system the total redistributive effect of both sides of the budget - the tax system as well as the expenditure system - are decisive. In this paper we will concentrate on the revenue side, e.g. on the taxes as well as on the social security contributions. Adam Smith had already formulated some very simple tax norms which have been transformed in modern tax theory. The equivalence as well as the ability-topay principle are basic yardsticks for every tax system in a democratic oriented market system, not to forget tax fairness. In the historical development process equity-oriented measures have often produced an enormous complexity of the single taxes as well as of the whole tax system. Therefore, reconsidering the Smithian principles of simplicity and of minimum compliance costs for the tax payer would even press many Western European tax systems to undergo serious reform processes which often are delayed because of intense interest group influence. Hence, a modern tax system is a simple one which consists only of a few single taxes which are easy to administer. Such a system consists of two main taxes, the income and the value added tax. Consequently in all countries of transition both taxes have been implemented, while the implementation was fostered by the fact that both also constitute the typical components of the EU member states systems. Therefore such a harmonising tax reform is the most important prerequisite to become a membership candidate. Bulgaria also tried to follow this general pattern in reforming the income tax system starting in 1992 and replacing the old socialistic turnover tax and excise duty system by the value added tax (VAT) in 1994. Especially with regard to the income tax system the demand for simplicity has not been met yet. Complex rules to define the tax base as well as a steeply progressive tax schedule have led to behavioral adaptations which are even strengthened by the effects of a high social contribution burden which is predominantly laid on the employers. In the following some concise descriptions of the tax and social contribution system are given; the paper closes with a summary, in which the impacts of the system are evaluated and some political recommendations for further reforms are presented.}, language = {en} } @book{PolyvyanyySmirnovWeske2008, author = {Polyvyanyy, Artem and Smirnov, Sergey and Weske, Mathias}, title = {The triconnected abstraction of process models}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-940793-65-2}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-32847}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {17}, year = {2008}, abstract = {Contents: Artem Polyvanny, Sergey Smirnow, and Mathias Weske The Triconnected Abstraction of Process Models 1 Introduction 2 Business Process Model Abstraction 3 Preliminaries 4 Triconnected Decomposition 4.1 Basic Approach for Process Component Discovery 4.2 SPQR-Tree Decomposition 4.3 SPQR-Tree Fragments in the Context of Process Models 5 Triconnected Abstraction 5.1 Abstraction Rules 5.2 Abstraction Algorithm 6 Related Work and Conclusions}, language = {en} } @book{Iro2009, author = {Iro, Andrea}, title = {The UN Peacebuilding Commission : lessons from Sierra Leone}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-940793-77-5}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-29599}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {109}, year = {2009}, abstract = {"The UN Peacebuilding Commission - Lessons from Sierra Leone" by political scientist Andrea Iro is an assessment of the United Nations Peacebuilding Commission (PBC) and the United Nations Peacebuilding Fund (PBF) by analysing their performance over the last two years in Sierra Leone, one of the first PBC focus countries. The paper explores the key question of how the PBC/PBF's mandate has been translated into operational practice in the field. It concludes that though the overall impact has been mainly positive and welcomed by the country, translating the general mandate into concrete activities remains a real challenge at the country level.}, language = {en} } @book{OPUS4-1006, title = {Three papers on German verb movement}, editor = {Vogel, Ralf}, isbn = {978-3-937786-07-0}, issn = {1864-1857}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10934}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2004}, abstract = {This volume offers new arguments and perspectives in the ongoing debate about the optimal analysis of verb movement, mainly, but not exclusively, in German. Fanselow and Meinunger deal with verb second (V2) movement in German main clauses. Fanselow argues that head movement of the substitution type follows the standard minimalist conceptions of Merge and Move and is therefore not subject to the same objections as head movement as head adjunction which violates Chomsky's minimalist extension condition, operates countercyclically, and fails to let the moved head c-command its trace. Fanselow argues for V2 movement as head movement of the substitution type. Meinunger discusses a restriction on V2 movement imposed by phrases like "mehr als" ('more than'), as in "Der Wert hat sich weit mehr als verdreifacht" ('the value has far more than tripled') where V2 movement is ruled out (cf. *"Der Wert verdreifachte sich mehr als"). Meinunger claims that this restriction is best analysed in phonological terms: the preposition/complementiser "als" acts as a prefixal clitic to its host, the finite verb, which therefore may not move without it. With respect to the V2 debate, Meinunger argues for an interface perspective. He shows that V2 is restricted from both the conceptual and the phonological interface. Vogel, finally, discusses the syntax of clause-final verbal complexes and their dialectal variation in German. He compares three different syntactic analyses, a minimalist head movement analysis, a minimalist XP movement analysis, and an Optimality theoretic PF movement analysis. The three accounts are evaluated relative to the additional assumptions they have to make, the complications they face and how they fit the observations. Vogel argues in favour of the phonologically oriented OT analysis because of its ability to create a direct link between the coming about of a particular word order pattern and its basically phonological trigger. Each of the three papers recognises the relevance of surface forms in the analysis of German verb movement. They differ, however in the extent to which phonological aspects take part in the explanations they offer.}, language = {en} } @book{Strohe2004, author = {Strohe, Hans Gerhard}, title = {Time series analysis}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-6601}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2004}, subject = {Zeitreihenanalyse}, language = {en} } @book{KunzeStrohe2010, author = {Kunze, Karl-Kuno and Strohe, Hans Gerhard}, title = {Time-varying persistence in the German stock market}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-42046}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2010}, abstract = {This paper studies the persistence of daily returns of 21 German stocks from 1960 to 2008. We apply a widely used test based upon the modified R/S-Method by Lo [1991]. As an extension to Lux [1996] and Carbone et al. [2004] and in analogy to moving average or moving volatility, the statistics is calculated for moving windows of length 4, 8, and 16 years for every time series. Periods of persistence or long memory in returns can be found in some but not all time series. Robustness of results is verified by investigating stationarity and short memory effects.}, language = {en} } @book{ScherbaumMzhavanadzeArometal.2020, author = {Scherbaum, Frank and Mzhavanadze, Nana and Arom, Simha and Rosenzweig, Sebastian and M{\"u}ller, Meinard}, title = {Tonal Organization of the Erkomaishvili Dataset: Pitches, Scales, Melodies and Harmonies}, series = {Computational Analysis Of Traditional Georgian Vocal Music}, journal = {Computational Analysis Of Traditional Georgian Vocal Music}, number = {1}, editor = {Scherbaum, Frank}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {2702-2641}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-47614}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-476141}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {64}, year = {2020}, abstract = {In this study we examine the tonal organization of a series of recordings of liturgical chants, sung in 1966 by the Georgian master singer Artem Erkomaishvili. This dataset is the oldest corpus of Georgian chants from which the time synchronous F0-trajectories for all three voices have been reliably determined (M{\"u}ller et al. 2017). It is therefore of outstanding importance for the understanding of the tuning principles of traditional Georgian vocal music. The aim of the present study is to use various computational methods to analyze what these recordings can contribute to the ongoing scientific dispute about traditional Georgian tuning systems. Starting point for the present analysis is the re-release of the original audio data together with estimated fundamental frequency (F0) trajectories for each of the three voices, beat annotations, and digital scores (Rosenzweig et al. 2020). We present synoptic models for the pitch and the harmonic interval distributions, which are the first of such models for which the complete Erkomaishvili dataset was used. We show that these distributions can be very compactly be expressed as Gaussian mixture models, anchored on discrete sets of pitch or interval values for the pitch and interval distributions, respectively. As part of our study we demonstrate that these pitch values, which we refer to as scale pitches, and which are determined as the mean values of the Gaussian mixture elements, define the scale degrees of the melodic sound scales which build the skeleton of Artem Erkomaishvili's intonation. The observation of consistent pitch bending of notes in melodic phrases, which appear in identical form in a group of chants, as well as the observation of harmonically driven intonation adjustments, which are clearly documented for all pure harmonic intervals, demonstrate that Artem Erkomaishvili intentionally deviates from the scale pitch skeleton quite freely. As a central result of our study, we proof that this melodic freedom is always constrained by the attracting influence of the scale pitches. Deviations of the F0-values of individual note events from the scale pitches at one instance of time are compensated for in the subsequent melodic steps. This suggests a deviation-compensation mechanism at the core of Artem Erkomaishvili's melody generation, which clearly honors the scales but still allows for a large degree of melodic flexibility. This model, which summarizes all partial aspects of our analysis, is consistent with the melodic scale models derived from the observed pitch distributions, as well as with the melodic and harmonic interval distributions. In addition to the tangible results of our work, we believe that our work has general implications for the determination of tuning models from audio data, in particular for non-tempered music.}, language = {en} } @book{KlinkeVerhoevenRothetal.2022, author = {Klinke, Paula and Verhoeven, Silvan and Roth, Felix and Hagemann, Linus and Alnawa, Tarik and Lincke, Jens and Rein, Patrick and Hirschfeld, Robert}, title = {Tool support for collaborative creation of interactive storytelling media}, number = {141}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-521-7}, issn = {1613-5652}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-51857}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-518570}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {x, 167}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Scrollytellings are an innovative form of web content. Combining the benefits of books, images, movies, and video games, they are a tool to tell compelling stories and provide excellent learning opportunities. Due to their multi-modality, creating high-quality scrollytellings is not an easy task. Different professions, such as content designers, graphics designers, and developers, need to collaborate to get the best out of the possibilities the scrollytelling format provides. Collaboration unlocks great potential. However, content designers cannot create scrollytellings directly and always need to consult with developers to implement their vision. This can result in misunderstandings. Often, the resulting scrollytelling will not match the designer's vision sufficiently, causing unnecessary iterations. Our project partner Typeshift specializes in the creation of individualized scrollytellings for their clients. Examined existing solutions for authoring interactive content are not optimally suited for creating highly customized scrollytellings while still being able to manipulate all their elements programmatically. Based on their experience and expertise, we developed an editor to author scrollytellings in the lively.next live-programming environment. In this environment, a graphical user interface for content design is combined with powerful possibilities for programming behavior with the morphic system. The editor allows content designers to take on large parts of the creation process of scrollytellings on their own, such as creating the visible elements, animating content, and fine-tuning the scrollytelling. Hence, developers can focus on interactive elements such as simulations and games. Together with Typeshift, we evaluated the tool by recreating an existing scrollytelling and identified possible future enhancements. Our editor streamlines the creation process of scrollytellings. Content designers and developers can now both work on the same scrollytelling. Due to the editor inside of the lively.next environment, they can both work with a set of tools familiar to them and their traits. Thus, we mitigate unnecessary iterations and misunderstandings by enabling content designers to realize large parts of their vision of a scrollytelling on their own. Developers can add advanced and individual behavior. Thus, developers and content designers benefit from a clearer distribution of tasks while keeping the benefits of collaboration.}, language = {en} } @book{SteinbrinkBuningLegantetal.2016, author = {Steinbrink, Malte and Buning, Michael and Legant, Martin and Schauwinhold, Berenike and S{\"u}ßenguth, Tore}, title = {Touring Katutura!}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-384-8}, issn = {2194-1599}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-95917}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {144}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Guided sightseeing tours of the former township of Katutura have been offered in Windhoek since the mid-1990s. City tourism in the Namibian capital had thus become, at quite an early point in time, part of the trend towards utilising poor urban areas for purposes of tourism - a trend that set in at the beginning of the same decade. Frequently referred to as "slum tourism" or "poverty tourism", the phenomenon of guided tours around places of poverty has not only been causing some media sensation and much public outrage since its emergence; in the past few years, it has developed into a vital field of scientific research, too. "Global Slumming" provides the grounds for a rethinking of the relationship between poverty and tourism in world society. This book is the outcome of a study project of the Institute of Geography at the School of Cultural Studies and Social Science of the University of Osnabrueck, Germany. It represents the first empirical case study on township tourism in Namibia. It focuses on four aspects: 1. Emergence, development and (market) structure of township tourism in Windhoek 2. Expectations/imaginations, representations as well as perceptions of the township and its inhabitants from the tourist's perspective 3. Perception and assessment of township tourism from the residents' perspective 4. Local economic effects and the poverty-alleviating impact of township tourism The aim is to make an empirical contribution to the discussion around the tourism-poverty nexus and to an understanding of the global phenomenon of urban poverty tourism.}, language = {en} } @book{GieseHildebrandtLambers2010, author = {Giese, Holger and Hildebrandt, Stephan and Lambers, Leen}, title = {Toward bridging the gap between formal semantics and implementation of triple graph grammars}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-078-6}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-45219}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {26}, year = {2010}, abstract = {The correctness of model transformations is a crucial element for the model-driven engineering of high quality software. A prerequisite to verify model transformations at the level of the model transformation specification is that an unambiguous formal semantics exists and that the employed implementation of the model transformation language adheres to this semantics. However, for existing relational model transformation approaches it is usually not really clear under which constraints particular implementations are really conform to the formal semantics. In this paper, we will bridge this gap for the formal semantics of triple graph grammars (TGG) and an existing efficient implementation. Whereas the formal semantics assumes backtracking and ignores non-determinism, practical implementations do not support backtracking, require rule sets that ensure determinism, and include further optimizations. Therefore, we capture how the considered TGG implementation realizes the transformation by means of operational rules, define required criteria and show conformance to the formal semantics if these criteria are fulfilled. We further outline how static analysis can be employed to guarantee these criteria.}, language = {en} } @book{ReschkeTaeumelPapeetal.2018, author = {Reschke, Jakob and Taeumel, Marcel and Pape, Tobias and Niephaus, Fabio and Hirschfeld, Robert}, title = {Towards version control in object-based systems}, volume = {121}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-430-2}, issn = {1613-5652}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-410812}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {100}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Version control is a widely used practice among software developers. It reduces the risk of changing their software and allows them to manage different configurations and to collaborate with others more efficiently. This is amplified by code sharing platforms such as GitHub or Bitbucket. Most version control systems track files (e.g., Git, Mercurial, and Subversion do), but some programming environments do not operate on files, but on objects instead (many Smalltalk implementations do). Users of such environments want to use version control for their objects anyway. Specialized version control systems, such as the ones available for Smalltalk systems (e.g., ENVY/Developer and Monticello), focus on a small subset of objects that can be versioned. Most of these systems concentrate on the tracking of methods, classes, and configurations of these. Other user-defined and user-built objects are either not eligible for version control at all, tracking them involves complicated workarounds, or a fixed, domain-unspecific serialization format is used that does not equally suit all kinds of objects. Moreover, these version control systems that are specific to a programming environment require their own code sharing platforms; popular, well-established platforms for file-based version control systems cannot be used or adapter solutions need to be implemented and maintained. To improve the situation for version control of arbitrary objects, a framework for tracking, converting, and storing of objects is presented in this report. It allows editions of objects to be stored in an exchangeable, existing backend version control system. The platforms of the backend version control system can thus be reused. Users and objects have control over how objects are captured for the purpose of version control. Domain-specific requirements can be implemented. The storage format (i.e. the file format, when file-based backend version control systems are used) can also vary from one object to another. Different editions of objects can be compared and sets of changes can be applied to graphs of objects. A generic way for capturing and restoring that supports most kinds of objects is described. It models each object as a collection of slots. Thus, users can begin to track their objects without first having to implement version control supplements for their own kinds of objects. The proposed architecture is evaluated using a prototype implementation that can be used to track objects in Squeak/Smalltalk with Git. The prototype improves the suboptimal standing of user objects with respect to version control described above and also simplifies some version control tasks for classes and methods as well. It also raises new problems, which are discussed in this report as well.}, language = {en} } @book{RolfesSteinbrinkUhl2009, author = {Rolfes, Manfred and Steinbrink, Malte and Uhl, Christina}, title = {Townships as attraction : an empirical study of township tourism in Cape Town}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-940793-79-9}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-28947}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {60}, year = {2009}, abstract = {Since the end of the Apartheid international tourism in South Africa has increasingly gained importance for the national economy. The centre of this PKS issue's attention is a particular form of tourism: Township tourism, i.e. guided tours to the residential areas of the black population. About 300,000 tourists per year visit the townships of Cape Town. The tours are also called Cultural, Social, or Reality Tours. The different aspects of township tourism in Cape Town were subject of a geographic field study, which was undertaken during a student research project of Potsdam University in 2007. The text at hand presents the empirical results of the field study, and demonstrates how townships are constructed as spaces of tourism.}, language = {en} } @book{WassermannFelgentreffPapeetal.2016, author = {Wassermann, Lars and Felgentreff, Tim and Pape, Tobias and Bolz, Carl Friedrich and Hirschfeld, Robert}, title = {Tracing Algorithmic Primitives in RSqueak/VM}, number = {104}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-355-8}, issn = {1613-5652}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-91277}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {45}, year = {2016}, abstract = {When realizing a programming language as VM, implementing behavior as part of the VM, as primitive, usually results in reduced execution times. But supporting and developing primitive functions requires more effort than maintaining and using code in the hosted language since debugging is harder, and the turn-around times for VM parts are higher. Furthermore, source artifacts of primitive functions are seldom reused in new implementations of the same language. And if they are reused, the existing API usually is emulated, reducing the performance gains. Because of recent results in tracing dynamic compilation, the trade-off between performance and ease of implementation, reuse, and changeability might now be decided adversely. In this work, we investigate the trade-offs when creating primitives, and in particular how large a difference remains between primitive and hosted function run times in VMs with tracing just-in-time compiler. To that end, we implemented the algorithmic primitive BitBlt three times for RSqueak/VM. RSqueak/VM is a Smalltalk VM utilizing the PyPy RPython toolchain. We compare primitive implementations in C, RPython, and Smalltalk, showing that due to the tracing just-in-time compiler, the performance gap has lessened by one magnitude to one magnitude.}, language = {en} } @book{Petersen1995, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {Transformation process after five years: behavioral adaptation and institutional change : the polish case}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-16084}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {1995}, abstract = {Contents: - Monetary Stabilization and Budgetary Reforms - Restructuring the Tax System - Privatization - The Open Gap: Transfers - Social Reform: Acceptance and Feasibility - Some Public Choice Remarks}, language = {en} } @book{WeissVerlaanVasquezCarruthersetal.2022, author = {Weiß, Norman and Verlaan, Stephanie and Vasquez Carruthers, Juan Francisco and Mair, Theresa and Conner, Sean and Maaser, Lucas and R{\"o}thlisberger, Livia}, title = {Transitional Justice}, series = {Potsdamer Studien zu Staat, Recht und Politik}, journal = {Potsdamer Studien zu Staat, Recht und Politik}, number = {7}, editor = {Weiß, Norman}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-473-9}, issn = {1869-2443}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-43171}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-431711}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {194}, year = {2022}, abstract = {This publication deals with the topic of transitional justice. In six case studies, the authors link theoretical and practical implications in order to develop some innovative approaches. Their proposals might help to deal more effectively with the transition of societies, legal orders and political systems. Young academics from various backgrounds provide fresh insights and demonstrate the relevance of the topic. The chapters analyse transitions and conflicts in Sierra Leone, Argentina, Nicaragua, Nepal, and South Sudan as well as Germany's colonial genocide in Namibia. Thus, the book provides the reader with new insights and contributes to the ongoing debate about transitional justice.}, language = {en} } @book{SchreiberKrahnIngallsetal.2016, author = {Schreiber, Robin and Krahn, Robert and Ingalls, Daniel H. H. and Hirschfeld, Robert}, title = {Transmorphic}, number = {110}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-387-9}, issn = {1613-5652}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-98300}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {100}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Defining Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) through functional abstractions can reduce the complexity that arises from mutable abstractions. Recent examples, such as Facebook's React GUI framework have shown, how modelling the view as a functional projection from the application state to a visual representation can reduce the number of interacting objects and thus help to improve the reliabiliy of the system. This however comes at the price of a more rigid, functional framework where programmers are forced to express visual entities with functional abstractions, detached from the way one intuitively thinks about the physical world. In contrast to that, the GUI Framework Morphic allows interactions in the graphical domain, such as grabbing, dragging or resizing of elements to evolve an application at runtime, providing liveness and directness in the development workflow. Modelling each visual entity through mutable abstractions however makes it difficult to ensure correctness when GUIs start to grow more complex. Furthermore, by evolving morphs at runtime through direct manipulation we diverge more and more from the symbolic description that corresponds to the morph. Given that both of these approaches have their merits and problems, is there a way to combine them in a meaningful way that preserves their respective benefits? As a solution for this problem, we propose to lift Morphic's concept of direct manipulation from the mutation of state to the transformation of source code. In particular, we will explore the design, implementation and integration of a bidirectional mapping between the graphical representation and a functional and declarative symbolic description of a graphical user interface within a self hosted development environment. We will present Transmorphic, a functional take on the Morphic GUI Framework, where the visual and structural properties of morphs are defined in a purely functional, declarative fashion. In Transmorphic, the developer is able to assemble different morphs at runtime through direct manipulation which is automatically translated into changes in the code of the application. In this way, the comprehensiveness and predictability of direct manipulation can be used in the context of a purely functional GUI, while the effects of the manipulation are reflected in a medium that is always in reach for the programmer and can even be used to incorporate the source transformations into the source files of the application.}, language = {en} } @book{BarkowskyGiese2023, author = {Barkowsky, Matthias and Giese, Holger}, title = {Triple graph grammars for multi-version models}, number = {155}, isbn = {978-3-86956-556-9}, issn = {1613-5652}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-57399}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-573994}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {28 -- 28}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Like conventional software projects, projects in model-driven software engineering require adequate management of multiple versions of development artifacts, importantly allowing living with temporary inconsistencies. In the case of model-driven software engineering, employed versioning approaches also have to handle situations where different artifacts, that is, different models, are linked via automatic model transformations. In this report, we propose a technique for jointly handling the transformation of multiple versions of a source model into corresponding versions of a target model, which enables the use of a more compact representation that may afford improved execution time of both the transformation and further analysis operations. Our approach is based on the well-known formalism of triple graph grammars and a previously introduced encoding of model version histories called multi-version models. In addition to showing the correctness of our approach with respect to the standard semantics of triple graph grammars, we conduct an empirical evaluation that demonstrates the potential benefit regarding execution time performance.}, language = {en} } @book{AlbrechtNaumann2012, author = {Albrecht, Alexander and Naumann, Felix}, title = {Understanding cryptic schemata in large extract-transform-load systems}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-201-8}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-61257}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {19}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Extract-Transform-Load (ETL) tools are used for the creation, maintenance, and evolution of data warehouses, data marts, and operational data stores. ETL workflows populate those systems with data from various data sources by specifying and executing a DAG of transformations. Over time, hundreds of individual workflows evolve as new sources and new requirements are integrated into the system. The maintenance and evolution of large-scale ETL systems requires much time and manual effort. A key problem is to understand the meaning of unfamiliar attribute labels in source and target databases and ETL transformations. Hard-to-understand attribute labels lead to frustration and time spent to develop and understand ETL workflows. We present a schema decryption technique to support ETL developers in understanding cryptic schemata of sources, targets, and ETL transformations. For a given ETL system, our recommender-like approach leverages the large number of mapped attribute labels in existing ETL workflows to produce good and meaningful decryptions. In this way we are able to decrypt attribute labels consisting of a number of unfamiliar few-letter abbreviations, such as UNP_PEN_INT, which we can decrypt to UNPAID_PENALTY_INTEREST. We evaluate our schema decryption approach on three real-world repositories of ETL workflows and show that our approach is able to suggest high-quality decryptions for cryptic attribute labels in a given schema.}, language = {en} } @book{Holtmann2000, author = {Holtmann, Dieter}, title = {Variations of welfare capitalism after the decline of state socialim}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10663}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2000}, abstract = {Contents: 1. Capitalist societies as market-bargaining societies on the basis of resources of action: The idealtypical bargain between capital and labour; an alternative to Marx' theory of exploitation - Discussion of the model 2. A general typology of paths of societies in history and a characterisation of state socialism - People's capitalisms as perspective of development - What remains from Marx' ideas? 3. Variations of welfare capitalism after the decline of state socialism 3.1 National differences of welfare capitalism 3.2 Overall inequality of income and overall class consciousness 3.3 Explaining income inequality and variation in class consciousness by class and gender 3.3.1 A test of different class models in the FRG 3.3.2 Developing an international model of gendered occupational and employment status as bundles of resources of action 4. Summary}, language = {en} } @book{DoellnerKirschNienhaus2005, author = {D{\"o}llner, J{\"u}rgen Roland Friedrich and Kirsch, Florian and Nienhaus, Marc}, title = {Visualizing Design and Spatial Assembly of Interactive CSG}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-937786-56-2}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-33771}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {8}, year = {2005}, abstract = {For interactive construction of CSG models understanding the layout of a model is essential for its efficient manipulation. To understand position and orientation of aggregated components of a CSG model, we need to realize its visible and occluded parts as a whole. Hence, transparency and enhanced outlines are key techniques to assist comprehension. We present a novel real-time rendering technique for visualizing design and spatial assembly of CSG models. As enabling technology we combine an image-space CSG rendering algorithm with blueprint rendering. Blueprint rendering applies depth peeling for extracting layers of ordered depth from polygonal models and then composes them in sorted order facilitating a clear insight of the models. We develop a solution for implementing depth peeling for CSG models considering their depth complexity. Capturing surface colors of each layer and later combining the results allows for generating order-independent transparency as one major rendering technique for CSG models. We further define visually important edges for CSG models and integrate an image-space edgeenhancement technique for detecting them in each layer. In this way, we extract visually important edges that are directly and not directly visible to outline a model's layout. Combining edges with transparency rendering, finally, generates edge-enhanced depictions of image-based CSG models and allows us to realize their complex, spatial assembly.}, language = {en} } @book{NienhausGoochDoellner2006, author = {Nienhaus, Marc and Gooch, Bruce and D{\"o}llner, J{\"u}rgen Roland Friedrich}, title = {Visualizing movement dynamics in virtual urban environments}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-939469-52-0}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-33065}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {7}, year = {2006}, abstract = {Dynamics in urban environments encompasses complex processes and phenomena such as related to movement (e.g.,traffic, people) and development (e.g., construction, settlement). This paper presents novel methods for creating human-centric illustrative maps for visualizing the movement dynamics in virtual 3D environments. The methods allow a viewer to gain rapid insight into traffic density and flow. The illustrative maps represent vehicle behavior as light threads. Light threads are a familiar visual metaphor caused by moving light sources producing streaks in a long-exposure photograph. A vehicle's front and rear lights produce light threads that convey its direction of motion as well as its velocity and acceleration. The accumulation of light threads allows a viewer to quickly perceive traffic flow and density. The light-thread technique is a key element to effective visualization systems for analytic reasoning, exploration, and monitoring of geospatial processes.}, language = {en} } @book{MeyerWeske2014, author = {Meyer, Andreas and Weske, Mathias}, title = {Weak conformance between process models and synchronized object life cycles}, number = {91}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-303-9}, issn = {1613-5652}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-71722}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {31}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Process models specify behavioral execution constraints between activities as well as between activities and data objects. A data object is characterized by its states and state transitions represented as object life cycle. For process execution, all behavioral execution constraints must be correct. Correctness can be verified via soundness checking which currently only considers control flow information. For data correctness, conformance between a process model and its object life cycles is checked. Current approaches abstract from dependencies between multiple data objects and require fully specified process models although, in real-world process repositories, often underspecified models are found. Coping with these issues, we introduce the concept of synchronized object life cycles and we define a mapping of data constraints of a process model to Petri nets extending an existing mapping. Further, we apply the notion of weak conformance to process models to tell whether each time an activity needs to access a data object in a particular state, it is guaranteed that the data object is in or can reach the expected state. Then, we introduce an algorithm for an integrated verification of control flow correctness and weak data conformance using soundness checking.}, language = {en} } @book{OPUS4-5707, title = {Web-based development in the lively kernel}, editor = {Lincke, Jens and Hirschfeld, Robert}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-160-8}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-55605}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {I, 55}, year = {2011}, abstract = {The World Wide Web as an application platform becomes increasingly important. However, the development of Web applications is often more complex than for the desktop. Web-based development environments like Lively Webwerkstatt can mitigate this problem by making the development process more interactive and direct. By moving the development environment into the Web, applications can be developed collaboratively in a Wiki-like manner. This report documents the results of the project seminar on Web-based Development Environments 2010. In this seminar, participants extended the Web-based development environment Lively Webwerkstatt. They worked in small teams on current research topics from the field of Web-development and tool support for programmers and implemented their results in the Webwerkstatt environment.}, language = {en} }