@article{KietzkeHorholdNeher2005, author = {Kietzke, Thomas and Horhold, H. H. and Neher, Dieter}, title = {Efficient polymer solar cells based on M3EH-PPV}, year = {2005}, abstract = {We report on polymer blend solar cells with an external quantum efficiency of more than 30\% and a hi-h overall energy conversion efficiency (ECE) under white light illumination (100 mW/cm(2)) Of Lip to 1.7\% using a blend of M3EH- PPV (poly [2,5-dimethoxy-1,4-phenylene-1,2-ethenylene-2-methoxy-5(2-ethylhexyloxy)-(1,4-pheiiylene-1,2-ethenylene)]) and CN-ether-PPV (poly[oxa-1,4-phenylene-1,2(1-cyano)ethenylene-2,5-dioctyloxy-1,4-phenylene-1,2-(2-cyano)ethellyiene-1,4- phenylene]). We attribute these high efficiencies to the formation of a vertically composition graded structure during spin coating Photoluminescence measurements performed on the blend layers indicated the formation of exciplexes between both types of polymers, which we propose to be one factor preventing even higher efficiencies}, language = {en} } @article{WegenerWirgesGerhard2005, author = {Wegener, Michael and Wirges, Werner and Gerhard, Reimund}, title = {Piezoelectric polyethylene terephthalate (PETP) foams : specifically designed and prepared ferroelectret films}, year = {2005}, language = {en} } @article{Blasius2005, author = {Blasius, Bernd}, title = {Anomalous phase synchronization in two asymmetrically coupled oscillators in the presence of noise}, year = {2005}, abstract = {We study the route to synchronization in two noisy, nonisochronous oscillators. Anomalous phase synchronization arises if both oscillators differ in their respective value of nonisochronicity and it is characterized by a strong detuning of the oscillator frequencies with the onset of coupling. Here we show that anomalous synchronization, both in limit-cycle or chaotic oscillators, can considerably be enlarged under the influence of asymmetrical coupling and noise. In these systems we describe a number of noise induced effects, such as an inversion of the natural frequency difference and coupling induced desynchronization of two identical oscillators. Our results can be explained in terms of a noisy particle in a tilted washboard potential}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Aulbert2005, author = {Aulbert, Carsten}, title = {Finding millisecond binary pulsars in 47 tucanae by applying the hough transformation to radio data}, address = {Potsdam}, pages = {173 S. : graph. Darst.}, year = {2005}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Schwarzer2005, author = {Schwarzer, Rolf}, title = {Identification of REDDI and TRB3 as novel transcriptional targets of PI 3-kinase signalling and analysis of their involvement in growth of cancer cells}, address = {Potsdam}, pages = {99 S. : graph. Darst.}, year = {2005}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{DiezSanJose2005, author = {Diez San Jose, Isabel Maria}, title = {Shaping of conductive polypyrrole during polymerization}, address = {Potsdam}, pages = {100 Bl. : Ill., graph. Darst.}, year = {2005}, language = {en} } @article{LiMoehwaldSpitzetal.2005, author = {Li, L. and M{\"o}hwald, Helmuth and Spitz, Christian and von Seggern, David and Mucke, M. and Menzel, Ralf}, title = {Long-lived photoinduced charge separation inside polarity gradient capsules}, year = {2005}, language = {en} } @article{WichmannJohstSchwageretal.2005, author = {Wichmann, Matthias and Johst, Karin and Schwager, Monika and Jeltsch, Florian and Blasius, Bernd}, title = {Extinction risk, coloured noise and the scaling of variance}, year = {2005}, abstract = {The impact of temporally correlated fluctuating environments (coloured noise) on the extinction risk of populations has become a main focus in theoretical population ecology. In this study we particularly focus on the extinction risk in strongly autocorrelated environments. Here, in contrast to moderate autocorrelation, we found the extinction risk to be highly dependent on the process of noise generation, in particular on the method of variance scaling. Such variance scaling is commonly applied to avoid variance-driven biases when comparing the extinction risk for white and coloured noise. In this study we found an often-used scaling technique to lead to high variability in the resulting variances of different time series for strong auto-correlation eventually leading to deviations in the projected extinction risk. Therefore, we present an alternative method that always delivers the target variance, even in the case of strong temporal correlation. Furthermore, in contrast to the earlier method, our very intuitive method is not bound to auto-regressive processes but can be applied to all types of coloured noises. We recommend the method introduced here to be used when the target of interest is the effect of noise colour on extinction risk not obscured by any variance effects.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Mishra2005, author = {Mishra, Narayan Chandra}, title = {Interactions in and stability of thin liquid films}, address = {Potsdam}, pages = {x, 110 S. : graph. Darst.}, year = {2005}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Dittrich2005, author = {Dittrich, Bianca}, title = {Aspects of classical and quantum dynamics of canonical general relativity}, address = {Potsdam}, pages = {173 S.}, year = {2005}, language = {en} } @article{BaptistaKurths2005, author = {Baptista, Murilo da Silva and Kurths, J{\"u}rgen}, title = {Chaotic channel}, issn = {1539-3755}, year = {2005}, abstract = {This work combines the theory of chaotic synchronization with the theory of information in order to introduce the chaotic channel, an active medium formed by connected chaotic systems. This subset of a large chaotic net represents the path along which information flows. We show that the possible amount of information exchange between the transmitter, where information enters the net, and the receiver, the destination of the information, is proportional to the level of synchronization between these two special subsystems}, language = {en} } @article{HayerKhanFriendetal.2005, author = {Hayer, Anna and Khan, A. L. T. and Friend, Richard H. and K{\"o}hler, Anna}, title = {Morphology dependence of the triplet excited state formation and absorption in polyfluorene}, year = {2005}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Saha2005, author = {Saha, Subodh Kumar}, title = {The influence of an improved soil scheme on the arctic climate in a RCM}, address = {Potsdam}, pages = {x, 115 S. : graph. Darst.}, year = {2005}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Mechau2005, author = {Mechau, Norman}, title = {Lichtinduziertes Erweichen azobenzolhaltiger Polymerfilme}, address = {Potsdam}, pages = {156 S. : graph. Darst.}, year = {2005}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Leisner2005, author = {Leisner, Antje}, title = {Entwicklung von Modellkompetenz im Physikunterricht}, series = {Studien zum Physik- und Chemielernen}, volume = {44}, journal = {Studien zum Physik- und Chemielernen}, publisher = {Logos-Verl.}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {3-8325-1020-6}, issn = {1614-8967}, pages = {vii, 264, XLII S. : Ill., graph. Darst.}, year = {2005}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Herrmann2005, author = {Herrmann, Frank}, title = {Evolution and analysis of binary black hole spacetimes}, address = {Potsdam}, pages = {xv, 127 S. : graph. Darst.}, year = {2005}, language = {en} } @article{HuppertBlasiusOlinkyetal.2005, author = {Huppert, Amit and Blasius, Bernd and Olinky, Ronen and Stone, Lewi}, title = {A Model for Seasonal Phytoplankton Blooms}, year = {2005}, abstract = {We analyse a generic bottom-up nutrient phytoplankton model to help understand the dynamics of seasonally recurring algae blooms. The deterministic model displays a wide spectrum of dynamical behaviours, from simple cyclical blooms which trigger annually, to irregular chaotic blooms in which both the time between outbreaks and their magnitudes are erratic. Unusually, despite the persistent seasonal forcing, it is extremely difficult to generate blooms that are both annually recurring and also chaotic or irregular (i.e. in amplitude) even though this characterizes many real time series. Instead the model has a tendency to `skip' with outbreaks often being suppressed from one year to the next. This behaviour is studied in detail and we develop an analytical expression to describe the model's flow in phase space, yielding insights into the mechanism of the bloom recurrence. We also discuss how modifications to the equations through the inclusion of appropriate functional forms can generate more realistic dynamics.}, language = {en} } @article{BelykhOsipovKucklaenderetal.2005, author = {Belykh, Vladimir N. and Osipov, Grigory V. and Kuckl{\"a}nder, Nina and Blasius, Bernd and Kurths, J{\"u}rgen}, title = {Automatic control of phase synchronization in coupled complex oscillators}, year = {2005}, abstract = {We present an automatic control method for phase locking of regular and chaotic non-identical oscillations, when all subsystems interact via feedback. This method is based on the well known principle of feedback control which takes place in nature and is successfully used in engineering. In contrast to unidirectional and bidirectional coupling, the approach presented here supposes the existence of a special controller, which allows to change the parameters of the controlled systems. First we discuss general principles of automatic phase synchronization (PS) for arbitrary coupled systems with a controller whose input is given by a special quadratic form of coordinates of the individual systems and its output is a result of the application of a linear differential operator. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach for controlled PS on several examples: (i) two coupled regular oscillators, (ii) coupled regular and chaotic oscillators, (iii) two coupled chaotic R"ossler oscillators, (iv) two coupled foodweb models, (v) coupled chaotic R"ossler and Lorenz oscillators, (vi) ensembles of locally coupled regular oscillators, (vii) ensembles of locally coupled chaotic oscillators, and (viii) ensembles of globally coupled chaotic oscillators.}, language = {en} } @article{BlasiusToenjes2005, author = {Blasius, Bernd and Toenjes, Ralf}, title = {Quasiregular concentric waves in heterogeneous lattices of coupled oscillators}, year = {2005}, abstract = {We study the pattern formation in a lattice of locally coupled phase oscillators with quenched disorder. In the synchronized regime quasi regular concentric waves can arise which are induced by the disorder of the system. Maximal regularity is found at the edge of the synchronization regime. The emergence of the concentric waves is related to the symmetry breaking of the interaction function. An explanation of the numerically observed phenomena is given in a one- dimensional chain of coupled phase oscillators. Scaling properties, describing the target patterns are obtained.}, language = {en} } @article{FussmannBlasius2005, author = {Fussmann, Gregor F. and Blasius, Bernd}, title = {Community response to enrichment is highly sensitive to model structure}, year = {2005}, abstract = {Biologists use mathematical functions to model, understand, and predict nature. For most biological processes, however, the exact analytical form is not known. This is also true for one of the most basic life processes, the uptake of food or resources. We show that the use of a number of nearly indistinguishable functions, which can serve as phenomenological descriptors of resource uptake, may lead to alarmingly different dynamical behaviour in a simple community model. More specifically, we demonstrate that the degree of resource enrichment needed to destabilize the community dynamics depends critically on the mathematical nature of the uptake function.}, language = {en} } @article{BragardMontbrioMendozaetal.2005, author = {Bragard, Jean and Montbrio, Ernest and Mendoza, C. and Boccaletti, Stefano and Blasius, Bernd}, title = {Defect-enhanced anomaly in frequency synchronization of asymmetrically coupled spatially extended systems}, year = {2005}, abstract = {We analytically establish and numerically show that anomalous frequency synchronization occurs in a pair of asymmetrically coupled chaotic space extended oscillators. The transition to anomalous behaviors is crucially dependent on asymmetries in the coupling configuration, while the presence of phase defects has the effect of enhancing the anomaly in frequency synchronization with respect to the case of merely time chaotic oscillators.}, language = {en} } @article{HoffmannBostroemFelbinger2005, author = {Hoffmann, H. and Bostr{\"o}m, Kim and Felbinger, Timo}, title = {Comment on Secure direct communication with a quantum one-time pad}, year = {2005}, abstract = {In the paper [Phys. Rev. A 69, 052319 (2004)], a quantum direct communication protocol is proposed which is claimed to be unconditionally secure even for the case of a noisy channel. We show that this is not the case by giving an undetectable attack scheme}, language = {en} } @article{NestKlamroth2005, author = {Nest, Mathias and Klamroth, Tillmann}, title = {Correlated many-electron dynamics : application to inelastic electron scattering at a metal film}, year = {2005}, abstract = {The multiconfiguration time-dependent Hartree-Fock and the time-dependent configuration interaction singles method are applied to the correlated many-electron dynamics of a one-dimensional jellium model system. We study the scattering of an initially free electron at a model film in the framework of both approaches. In particular, both methods are compared with regard to how they describe the underlying physical processes, namely inelastic electron scattering, inverse photoemission, and electron impact ionization}, language = {en} } @article{PietschPanznerLeitenbergeretal.2005, author = {Pietsch, Ullrich and Panzner, Tobias and Leitenberger, Wolfram and Vartanyants, Ivan A.}, title = {Coherence experiments at the EDR-beamline of BESSY II}, year = {2005}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Brezesinski2005, author = {Brezesinski, Torsten}, title = {Herstellung und Charakterisierung funktioneller Mesostrukturierter Metalloxidfilme}, address = {Potsdam}, pages = {Getr. Z{\"a}hlung : Ill., graph. Darst.}, year = {2005}, language = {de} } @article{WittSchumann2005, author = {Witt, Annette and Schumann, A. Y.}, title = {Holocene climate variability on millennial scales recorded in Greenland ice cores}, issn = {1023-5809}, year = {2005}, language = {en} } @article{Henkel2005, author = {Henkel, Carsten}, title = {Nanometer scala electromagnetic field fluctuations accepted for publication}, isbn = {1-588-83042-X}, year = {2005}, language = {en} } @article{OstermeyerKlemzKubinaetal.2005, author = {Ostermeyer, Martin and Klemz, Guido and Kubina, P. and Menzel, Ralf}, title = {Enhanced brightness and extraction efficiency of Nd:YAG rod lasers resulting in 180 W output power with M2<1.2}, isbn = {1-557-52697-4}, year = {2005}, language = {en} } @article{KappeOstermeyerMenzel2005, author = {Kappe, Philip and Ostermeyer, Martin and Menzel, Ralf}, title = {Active mode locking of a phase-conjugating SBS-laser oscillator}, issn = {0946-2171}, year = {2005}, language = {en} } @article{AbelAhnertKurthsetal.2005, author = {Abel, Markus and Ahnert, Karsten and Kurths, R. and Mandelj, S.}, title = {Additive nonparametric reconstruction of dynamical systems from time series}, issn = {1063-651X}, year = {2005}, abstract = {We present a nonparametric way to retrieve an additive system of differential equations in embedding space from a single time series. These equations can be treated with dynamical systems theory and allow for long-term predictions. We apply our method to a modified chaotic Chua oscillator in order to demonstrate its potential}, language = {en} } @article{GoldobinPikovskij2005, author = {Goldobin, Denis S. and Pikovskij, Arkadij}, title = {Synchronization and desynchronization of self-sustained oscillators by common noise}, year = {2005}, abstract = {We consider the effect of external noise on the dynamics of limit cycle oscillators. The Lyapunov exponent becomes negative under influence of small white noise, what means synchronization of two or more identical systems subject to common noise. We analytically study the effect of small nonidentities in the oscillators and in the noise, and derive statistical characteristics of deviations from the perfect synchrony. Large white noise can lead to desynchronization of oscillators, provided they are nonisochronous. This is demonstrated for the Van der Pol-Duffing system}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Wessel2005, author = {Wessel, Niels}, title = {Data analysis and modeling of the cardiovascular system}, address = {Potsdam}, pages = {Getr. Z{\"a}hlung : graph. Darst.}, year = {2005}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Abel2005, author = {Abel, Markus}, title = {Turbulent flows : transport, analysis and modeling}, address = {Potsdam}, pages = {Getr. Z{\"a}hlung}, year = {2005}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Steuer2005, author = {Steuer, Ralf}, title = {Nonlinear dynamics an molecular biology : from gene expression to metabolic networks}, address = {Potsdam}, pages = {iv, 130 S.}, year = {2005}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Andersen2005, author = {Andersen, Morten I.}, title = {Low-mass pre-main-sequence stars in the massive star clusters NGC 3603 and 30 Dor}, pages = {141 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.}, year = {2005}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Kietzke2005, author = {Kietzke, Thomas}, title = {Solar cells based on novel nanostructured blends of semiconducting polymers}, address = {Potsdam}, pages = {116, XIX Bl. : Ill., graph. Darst.}, year = {2005}, language = {en} } @article{JaroszSignerskiBrehmer2006, author = {Jarosz, Grazyna and Signerski, Ryszard and Brehmer, Ludwig}, title = {On dielectric spectra of thin copper phthalocyanine films}, issn = {0040-6090}, doi = {10.1016/j.tsf.2006.02.035}, year = {2006}, abstract = {The work presents low signal dielectric spectra of gold/copper phthalocyanine/magnesium and gold/copper phthalocyanine/gold sandwich systems in the 25 Hz-1 MHz frequency range. The performed analysis enables us to distinguish the electrode resistance and the lattice polarization from processes related with electric transport, such as charge carrier relaxation at space charge region of a barrier and charge carrier injection in dielectric response.}, language = {en} } @article{ZenBilgeGalbrechtetal.2006, author = {Zen, Achmad and Bilge, Askin and Galbrecht, Frank and Alle, Ronald and Meerholz, Klaus and Grenzer, J{\"o}rg and Neher, Dieter and Scherf, Ullrich and Farrell, Tony}, title = {Solution processable organic field-effect transistors utilizing an alpha,alpha '-dihexylpentathiophene- based swivel cruciform}, doi = {10.1021/Ja0573357}, year = {2006}, language = {en} } @article{BaptistaPereiraKurths2006, author = {Baptista, Murilo da Silva and Pereira, Tiago and Kurths, J{\"u}rgen}, title = {Upper bounds in phase synchronous weak coherent chaotic attractors}, issn = {0167-2789}, doi = {10.1016/j.physd.2006.02.007}, year = {2006}, abstract = {An approach is presented for coupled chaotic systems with weak coherent motion, from which we estimate the upper bound value for the absolute phase difference in phase synchronous states. This approach shows that synchronicity in phase implies synchronicity in the time of events, a characteristic explored to derive an equation to detect phase synchronization, based on the absolute difference between the time of these events. We demonstrate the potential use of this approach for the phase coherent and the funnel attractor of the Rossler system, as well as for the spiking/bursting Rulkov map.}, language = {en} } @article{Gerhard2006, author = {Gerhard, Reimund}, title = {Electret science has a long history and a bright interdisciplinary future}, year = {2006}, language = {en} } @article{GerhardFariaOliveiraJretal.2006, author = {Gerhard, Reimund and Faria, Roberto M. and Oliveira Jr., O. N. and Giacometti, Jose A.}, title = {Useful effects of space charge and dipole polarization: Recent developments in polymer electrets and organic semiconductors (Editorial)}, issn = {1070-9878}, doi = {10.1109/TDEI.2006.247817}, year = {2006}, language = {en} } @article{WegenerTuncerGerhardetal.2006, author = {Wegener, Michael and Tuncer, Enis and Gerhard, Reimund and Bauer, Siegfried}, title = {Elastic properties and electromechanical coupling factor of inflated polypropylene ferroelectrets}, isbn = {1-4244-0547-5}, year = {2006}, language = {en} } @article{BassoAquinoAltafimetal.2006, author = {Basso, Heitor Cury and Aquino, C. V. and Altafim, Ruy Alberto Pisani and Altafim, Ruy Alberto Pisani and Gerhard, Reimund}, title = {Piezoelectricity of a single bubble formed by two oppositely charged Teflon-FEP films}, isbn = {1-4244-0547-5}, year = {2006}, language = {en} } @article{FruebingKremmerGerhardetal.2006, author = {Fr{\"u}bing, Peter and Kremmer, Alexander and Gerhard, Reimund and Spannoudaki, Anna and Pissis, Polycarpos}, title = {Relaxation processes at the glass transition in polyamide 11 : From rigidity to viscoelasticity}, issn = {0021-9606}, doi = {10.1063/1.2360266}, year = {2006}, language = {en} } @article{MellingerWegenerWirgesetal.2006, author = {Mellinger, Axel and Wegener, Michael and Wirges, Werner and Mallepally, Rajendar Reddy and Gerhard, Reimund}, title = {Thermal and temporal stability of ferroelectret films made from cellular polypropylene/air composites}, year = {2006}, language = {en} } @misc{Gerhard2007, author = {Gerhard, Reimund}, title = {Katzir, S., The beginnings of piezoelectricity: a study in mundane physics; Dordrecht, Springer, 2006}, year = {2007}, language = {en} } @article{LeitererLeitenbergerEmmerlingetal.2006, author = {Leiterer, York and Leitenberger, Wolfram and Emmerling, Franziska and Th{\"u}nemann, Andreas F. and Panne, Ulrich}, title = {The use of an acoustic levitator to follow crystallization in small droplets by energydispersive X-ray diffraction}, issn = {0021-8898}, doi = {10.1107/S0021889806024915}, year = {2006}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Maulbetsch2006, author = {Maulbetsch, Christian}, title = {Modeling galaxy formation in different environments}, address = {Potsdam}, pages = {IV, 138 S. : graph. Darst.}, year = {2006}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Kuehne2006, author = {K{\"u}hne, Torsten}, title = {Wachsende Filamentb{\"u}ndel}, address = {Potsdam}, pages = {XII, 110 S. : graph. Darst.}, year = {2006}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Giesel2006, author = {Giesel, Kristina}, title = {On the consistency of loop quantum gravitiy with general relativity}, address = {Potsdam}, pages = {203 S. : graph. Darst.}, year = {2006}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Cramer2006, author = {Cramer, Marcus}, title = {Quasi-free systems on general lattices : criticality, entanglement-area laws, and single-copy entanglement}, address = {Potsdam}, pages = {99 S. : graph. Darst.}, year = {2006}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Symietz2006, author = {Symietz, Christian}, title = {Kopplung von Polyelektrolyten und geladenen Lipid-Monoschichten an der Wasser / Luft-Grenzfl{\"a}chen}, address = {Potsdam}, pages = {116 S. : graph. Darst.}, year = {2006}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Koehler2006, author = {K{\"o}hler, Ralf}, title = {Phasen- und Transportverhalten von Triacontansubmonolagen an der Grenzfl{\"a}che zwischen Luft und Siliziumoxid/Silizium}, address = {Potsdam}, pages = {151 S. : graph. Darst.}, year = {2006}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Rabe2006, author = {Rabe, Thorid}, title = {Textgestaltung und Aufforderung zu Selbsterkl{\"a}rungen beim Physiklernen mit Multimedia}, address = {Potsdam}, pages = {vi, 373 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.}, year = {2006}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{ValenciaMolina2006, author = {Valencia Molina, Sergio}, title = {Element-selective study of charge localization processes in manganite thin films}, address = {Potsdam}, pages = {155 S. : graph. Darst.}, year = {2006}, language = {en} } @article{SchmidtZamoraLopezKurths2010, author = {Schmidt, G. and Zamora-Lopez, Gorka and Kurths, J{\"u}rgen}, title = {Simulation of large scale cortical networks by individual neuron dynamics}, issn = {0218-1274}, doi = {10.1142/S0218127410026149}, year = {2010}, abstract = {Understanding the functional dynamics of the mammalian brain is one of the central aims of modern neuroscience. Mathematical modeling and computational simulations of neural networks can help in this quest. In recent publications, a multilevel model has been presented to simulate the resting-state dynamics of the cortico-cortical connectivity of the mammalian brain. In the present work we investigate how much of the dynamical behavior of the multilevel model can be reproduced by a strongly simplified model. We find that replacing each cortical area by a single Rulkov map recreates the patterns of dynamical correlation of the multilevel model, while the outcome of other models and setups mainly depends on the local network properties, e. g. the input degree of each vertex. In general, we find that a simple simulation whose dynamics depends on the global topology of the whole network is far from trivial. A systematic analysis of different dynamical models and coupling setups is required.}, language = {en} } @article{GrossD'LimaBlasius2006, author = {Gross, Thilo and D'Lima, Carlos J. Dommar and Blasius, Bernd}, title = {Epidemic dynamics on an adaptive network}, issn = {0031-9007}, doi = {10.1103/Physrevlett.96.208701}, year = {2006}, abstract = {Many real-world networks are characterized by adaptive changes in their topology depending on the state of their nodes. Here we study epidemic dynamics on an adaptive network, where the susceptibles are able to avoid contact with the infected by rewiring their network connections. This gives rise to assortative degree correlation, oscillations, hysteresis, and first order transitions. We propose a low-dimensional model to describe the system and present a full local bifurcation analysis. Our results indicate that the interplay between dynamics and topology can have important consequences for the spreading of infectious diseases and related applications}, language = {en} } @article{GlattBuschKaiseretal.2006, author = {Glatt, Erik and Busch, Hauke and Kaiser, Friedemann and Zaikin, Alexei A.}, title = {Noise-memory induced excitability and pattern formation in oscillatory neural models}, issn = {1539-3755}, doi = {10.1103/Physreve.73.026216}, year = {2006}, abstract = {We report a noise-memory induced phase transition in an array of oscillatory neural systems, which leads to the suppression of synchronous oscillations and restoration of excitable dynamics. This phenomenon is caused by the systematic contributions of temporally correlated parametric noise, i.e., possessing a memory, which stabilizes a deterministically unstable fixed point. Changing the noise correlation time, a reentrant phase transition to noise- induced excitability is observed in a globally coupled array. Since noise-induced excitability implies the restoration of the ability to transmit information, associated spatiotemporal patterns are observed afterwards. Furthermore, an analytic approach to predict the systematic effects of exponentially correlated noise is presented and its results are compared with the simulations}, language = {en} } @article{DonnerSeehaferSanjuanetal.2006, author = {Donner, Reik Volker and Seehafer, Norbert and Sanjuan, Miguel Angel Fernandez and Feudel, Fred}, title = {Low-dimensional dynamo modelling and symmetry-breaking bifurcations}, series = {Physica. D, Nonlinear phenomena}, volume = {223}, journal = {Physica. D, Nonlinear phenomena}, number = {2}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0167-2789}, doi = {10.1016/j.physd.2006.08.022}, pages = {151 -- 162}, year = {2006}, abstract = {Motivated by the successful Karlsruhe dynamo experiment, a relatively low-dimensional dynamo model is proposed. It is based on a strong truncation of the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations with an external forcing of the Roberts type and the requirement that the model system satisfies the symmetries of the full MHD system, so that the first symmetry-breaking bifurcations can be captured. The backbone of the Roberts dynamo is formed by the Roberts flow, a helical mean magnetic field and another part of the magnetic field coupled to these two by triadic mode interactions. A minimum truncation model (MTM) containing only these energetically dominating primary mode triads is fully equivalent to the widely used first-order smoothing approximation. However, it is shown that this approach works only in the limit of small wave numbers of the excited magnetic field or small magnetic Reynolds numbers (\$Rm ll 1\$). To obtain dynamo action under more general conditions, secondary mode}, language = {en} } @article{FeldmeierNikutta2006, author = {Feldmeier, Achim and Nikutta, Robert}, title = {Nonlocal radiative coupling in non monotonic stellar winds (Research note)}, issn = {0004-6361}, doi = {10.1051/0004-6361:20053380}, year = {2006}, abstract = {There is strong observational evidence of shocks and clumping in radiation-driven stellar winds from hot, luminous stars. The resulting non nous monotonic velocity law allows for radiative coupling between distant locations, which is so far not accounted for in hydrodynamic wind simulations. In the present paper, we determine the Sobolev source function and radiative line force in the presence of radiative coupling in spherically symmetric flows, extending the geometry-free formalism of Rybicki \& Hummer (1978, ApJ, 219, 654) to the case of three-point coupling, which can result from, e. g., corotating interaction regions, wind shocks, or mass overloading. For a simple model of an overloaded wind, we find that, surprisingly, the flow decelerates at all radii above a certain height when nonlocal radiative coupling is accounted for. We discuss whether radiation-driven winds might in general not be able to re- accelerate after a non monotonicity has occurred in the velocity law}, language = {en} } @article{ZuritaSanchezHenkel2006, author = {Zurita-S{\´a}nchez, Jorge R. and Henkel, Carsten}, title = {Lossy electrical transmission lines: Thermal fluctuations and quantization}, issn = {1050-2947}, doi = {10.1103/Physreva.73.063825}, year = {2006}, abstract = {We present a theoretical framework for the analysis of the statistical properties of thermal fluctuations on a lossy transmission line. A quantization scheme of the electrical signals in the transmission line is formulated. We discuss two applications in detail. Noise spectra at finite temperature for voltage and current are shown to deviate significantly from the Johnson-Nyquist limit, and they depend on the position on the transmission line. We analyze the spontaneous emission, at low temperature, of a Rydberg atom and its resonant enhancement due to vacuum fluctuations in a capacitively coupled transmission line. The theory can also be applied to study the performance of microscale and nanoscale devices, including high-resolution sensors and quantum information processors}, language = {en} } @article{MellingerFloresSuarezSinghetal.2007, author = {Mellinger, Axel and Flores Su{\´a}rez, Rosaura and Singh, Rajeev and Wegener, Michael and Wirges, Werner and Gerhard, Reimund}, title = {Zerst{\"o}rungsfreie Tomographie von Raumladungs- und Polarisationsverteilungen mittles W{\"a}rmepulsen}, issn = {0171-8096}, doi = {10.1524/teme.2007.74.9.437}, year = {2007}, abstract = {Non-destructive, three-dimensional imaging of space-charge and polarization distributions in electret materials has been implemented by means of laser-induced thermal pulses. In pyroelectric films of poled poly(vinylidene fluoride), images of up to 45 x 45 pixels with a depth resolution of less than 0.5 mu m and a lateral resolution of 40 mu m were recorded, the latter being limited by fast thermal diffusion in the absorbing metallic front electrode. Initial applications include the analysis of polarization distributions in corona-poled piezoelectric sensor cables and the detection of patterned space-charge distributions in polytetrafluoroethylene films.}, language = {de} } @article{CramerEisert2006, author = {Cramer, Marcus and Eisert, Jens}, title = {Correlations, spectral gap and entanglement in harmonic quantum systems on generic lattices}, issn = {1367-2630}, doi = {10.1088/1367-2630/8/5/071}, year = {2006}, abstract = {We investigate the relationship between the gap between the energy of the ground state and the first excited state and the decay of correlation functions in harmonic lattice systems. We prove that in gapped systems, the exponential decay of correlations follows for both the ground state and thermal states. Considering the converse direction, we show that an energy gap can follow from algebraic decay and always does for exponential decay. The underlying lattices are described as general graphs of not necessarily integer dimension, including translationally invariant instances of cubic lattices as special cases. Any local quadratic couplings in position and momentum coordinates are allowed for, leading to quasi-free ( Gaussian) ground states. We make use of methods of deriving bounds to matrix functions of banded matrices corresponding to local interactions on general graphs. Finally, we give an explicit entanglement-area relationship in terms of the energy gap for arbitrary, not necessarily contiguous regions on lattices characterized by general graphs}, language = {en} } @article{SkoczowskyJechowMenzeletal.2010, author = {Skoczowsky, Danilo and Jechow, Andreas and Menzel, Ralf and Paschke, Katrin and Erbert, G{\"o}tz}, title = {Efficient second-harmonic generation using a semiconductor tapered amplifier in a coupled ring-resonator geometry}, issn = {0146-9592}, doi = {10.1364/OL.35.000232}, year = {2010}, abstract = {A new approach for efficient second-harmonic generation using diode lasers is presented. The experimental setup is based on a tapered amplifier operated in a ring resonator that is coupled to a miniaturized enhancement ring resonator containing a periodically poled lithium niobate crystal. Frequency locking of the diode laser emission to the resonance frequency of the enhancement cavity is realized purely optically, resulting in stable, single-frequency operation. Blue light at 488 nm with an output power of 310 mW is generated with an optical-to-optical conversion efficiency of 18\%.}, language = {en} } @article{LeMouelNarteauGreffLefftzetal.2006, author = {Le Mouel, Jean-Louis and Narteau, Clement and Greff-Lefftz, Marianne and Holschneider, Matthias}, title = {Dissipation at the core-mantle boundary on a small-scale topography}, issn = {0148-0227}, doi = {10.1029/2005jb003846}, year = {2006}, abstract = {The parameters of the nutations are now known with a good accuracy, and the theory accounts for most of their values. Dissipative friction at the core-mantle boundary (CMB) and at the inner core boundary is an important ingredient of the theory. Up to now, viscous coupling at a smooth interface and electromagnetic coupling have been considered. In some cases they appear hardly strong enough to account for the observations. We advocate here that the CMB has a small- scale roughness and estimate the dissipation resulting from the interaction of the fluid core motion with this topography. We conclude that it might be significant}, language = {en} } @article{StrasserOstermeyer2006, author = {Strasser, A and Ostermeyer, Martin}, title = {Improving the brightness of side pumped power amplifiers by using core doped ceramic rods}, year = {2006}, abstract = {In side pumped laser head geometries good extraction of energy has to be weighted against diffraction effects of the amplified beam. Beam clipping at the aperture of laser rods can be avoided by using an undoped cladding around the doped core. The wings of e. g. Gaussian beams can be accommodated in the cladding. Phase distortion by the refractive index step of the rod can be compensated by a phase conjugating mirror in double pass configuration. In our proof of principle experiment the brightness of the beam from core doped amplifier rods was shown to be doubled compared to a conventional rod of the same outer diameter. (c) 2006 Optical Society of America}, language = {en} } @article{SiefertPeinke2006, author = {Siefert, Malte and Peinke, J}, title = {Joint multi-scale statistics of longitudinal and transversal increments in small-scale wake turbulence}, doi = {10.1080/14685240600677673}, year = {2006}, abstract = {We analyse the relationship of longitudinal and transversal increment statistics measured in isotropic small- scale turbulence. This is done by means of the theory of Markov processes leading to a phenomenological Fokker - Planck equation for the two increments from which a generalized K arm an equation is derived. We discuss in detail the analysis and show that the estimated equation can describe the statistics of the turbulent cascade. A remarkable result is that the main differences between longitudinal and transversal increments can be explained by a simple rescaling symmetry, namely the cascade speed of the transverse increments is 1.5 times faster than that of the longitudinal increments. Small differences can be found in the skewness and in a higher order intermittency term. The rescaling symmetry is compatible with the Kolmogorov constants and the K arm an equation and gives new insight into the use of extended self- similarity (ESS) for transverse increments. Based on the results we propose an extended self-similarity for the transverse increments (ESST)}, language = {en} } @article{YangMuellerNeheretal.2006, author = {Yang, Xiaohui and M{\"u}ller, David C. and Neher, Dieter and Meerholz, Klaus}, title = {Highly efficient polymeric electrophosphorescent diodes}, year = {2006}, abstract = {Polymeric electrophosphorescent LEDs with internal quantum efficiencies approaching unity have been fabricated. Such performance levels are previously unknown for OLEDs. The key to this success is redox chemically doped oxetane- crosslinkable hole-transporting layers with multilayer capability (see figure). They improve hole injection and act as electron-blocking layers, without the need to include exciton-or hole-blocking layers}, language = {en} } @article{WaltherWesselMalbergetal.2006, author = {Walther, T and Wessel, Niels and Malberg, Hagen and Voss, Andreas and Stepan, H and Faber, R}, title = {A combined technique for predicting pre-eclampsia : concurrent measurement of uterine perfusion and analysis of heart rate and blood pressure variability}, year = {2006}, abstract = {Objective Pre-eclampsia is a serious complication of pregnancy with high morbidity and mortality and an incidence of 3-5\% in all pregnancies. Early prediction is still insufficient in clinical practice. Although most pre- eclamptic patients have pathological uterine perfusion in the second trimester, perfusion disturbance has a positive predictive accuracy (PPA) only of approximately 30\%. Methods Non-invasive continuous blood pressure recordings were taken simultaneously via a finger cuff for 30 min. Time series of systolic as well as diastolic beat-to-beat pressure values were extracted to analyse heart rate and blood pressure variability and baroreflex sensitivity in 102 second- trimester pregnancies, to assess predictability for pre-eclampsia (n = 16). All women underwent Doppler investigations of the uterine arteries. Results We identified a combination of three variability and baroreflex parameters to best predict pre-eclampsia several weeks before clinical manifestation. The discriminant function of these three parameters classified patients with later pre-eclampsia with a sensitivity of 87.5\%, a specificity of 83.7\%, and a PPA of 50.0\%. Combined with Doppler investigations of uterine arteries, PPA increased to 71.4\%. Conclusions This technique of incorporating one-stop clinical assessment of uterine perfusion and variability parameters in the second trimester produces the most effective prediction of pre-eclampsia to date}, language = {en} } @article{StraubeLyubimovShklyaev2006, author = {Straube, Arthur V. and Lyubimov, Dmitry V. and Shklyaev, Sergey V.}, title = {Averaged dynamics of two-phase media in a vibration field}, doi = {10.1063/1.2204057}, year = {2006}, abstract = {The averaged dynamics of various two-phase systems in a high-frequency vibration field is studied theoretically. The continuum approach is applied to describe such systems as solid particle suspensions, emulsions, bubbly fluids, when the volume concentration of the disperse phase is small and gravity is insignificant. The dynamics of the disperse system is considered by means of the method of averaging, when the fast pulsation and slow averaged motion can be treated separately. Two averaged models for both nondeformable and deformable particles, when the compressibility of the disperse phase becomes important, are obtained. A criterion when the compressibility of bubbles cannot be neglected is figured out. For both cases the developed models are applied to study the averaged dynamics of the disperse media in an infinite plane layer under the action of transversal vibration. (C) 2006 American Institute of Physics}, language = {en} } @article{AlbersSpahn2006, author = {Albers, Nicole and Spahn, Frank}, title = {The influence of particle adhesion on the stability of agglomerates in Saturn's rings}, issn = {0019-1035}, doi = {10.1016/j.icarus.2005.10.011}, year = {2006}, abstract = {In planetary rings, binary collisions and mutual gravity are the predominant particle interactions. Based on a viscoelastic contact model we implement the concept of static adhesion. We discuss the collision dynamics and obtain a threshold velocity for restitution or agglomeration to occur. The latter takes place within a range of a few cm s(-1) for icy grains at low temperatures. The stability of such two-body agglomerates bound by adhesion and gravity in a tidal environment is discussed and applied to the saturnian system. A maximal agglomerate size for a given orbit location is obtained. In this way we are able to resolve the borderline of the zone where agglomerates can exist as a function of the agglomerate size and thus gain an alternative to the classical Roche limit. An increasing ring grain size with distance to Saturn as observed by the VIMS-experiment on board the Cassini spacecraft can be found by our estimates and implications for the saturnian system will be addressed.}, language = {en} } @article{WesselSchirdewan2006, author = {Wessel, Niels and Schirdewan, Alexander}, title = {Toward a prediction of sudden death in propofol-related infusion syndrome}, year = {2006}, language = {en} } @article{WegenerKuenstlerGerhard2006, author = {Wegener, Michael and K{\"u}nstler, Wolfgang and Gerhard, Reimund}, title = {Poling behavior and optical absorption of partially dehydrofluorinated and uniaxially stretched polyvinylidene fluoride}, doi = {10.1080/00150190600694761}, year = {2006}, abstract = {Polyvinylidene fluoride was dissolved together with solid sodium hydroxide as catalyst in a dimethylsulfoxide/ acetone mixture and moderately dehydrofluorinated. The dehydrofluorination leads to a partial degradation of the fluorohydrocarbons, and in particular to main-chain scission and to formation of carbon double or triple bonds. This enhances the absorption at UV-vis frequencies. The degradation process also generates a large amount of excess charges in the polymer, which influence the electrical polarization behavior of the dehydrofluorinated polymer. Uniaxial stretching of moderately dehydrofluorinated polyvinylidene fluoride leads to films in a polar phase. Dipole polarization in the degraded and stretched films is demonstrated by means of switching experiments}, language = {en} } @article{PikovskijRosenau2006, author = {Pikovskij, Arkadij and Rosenau, Philip}, title = {Phase compactons}, doi = {10.1016/j.physd.2006.04.015}, year = {2006}, abstract = {We study the phase dynamics of a chain of autonomous, self-sustained, dispersively coupled oscillators. In the quasicontinuum limit the basic discrete model reduces to a Korteveg-de Vries-like equation, but with a nonlinear dispersion. The system supports compactons - solitary waves with a compact support - and kovatons - compact formations of glued together kink-antikink pairs that propagate with a unique speed, but may assume an arbitrary width. We demonstrate that lattice solitary waves, though not exactly compact, have tails which decay at a superexponential rate. They are robust and collide nearly elastically and together with wave sources are the building blocks of the dynamics that emerges from typical initial conditions. In finite lattices, after a long time, the dynamics becomes chaotic. Numerical studies of the complex Ginzburg-Landau lattice show that the non-dispersive coupling causes a damping and deceleration, or growth and acceleration, of compactons. A simple perturbation method is applied to study these effects. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved}, language = {en} } @article{MontanariFabianiCianietal.2007, author = {Montanari, Gian Carlo and Fabiani, Davide and Ciani, Franco and Motori, Antonio and Paajanen, Mika and Gerhard, Reimund and Wegener, Michael}, title = {Charging properties and time-temperature stability of innovative polymeric cellular ferroelectrets}, issn = {1070-9878}, doi = {10.1109/TDEI.2007.302892}, year = {2007}, abstract = {After appropriate mechanical and electrical treatments, some cellular polymers become able to retain space charge for a long time, i.e. they acquire electret behavior. The electrical treatment consists of charging under high levels of DC electric field. The mechanical treatment, based on the application of stretching forces to cellular polymer slabs that were before expanded under pressurized gas, affects the cavity size and shape, and therefore also the effectiveness of the charging process itself. An investigation of charging mechanisms, as well as of mechanical treatment, is therefore fundamental for optimizing the ferro- and piezo-electret properties. The aim of this paper is to discuss the effect of the physical dimension of the cavities on the charging behavior of cellular ferroelectrets and to focus on the time-temperature stability for two families of polymeric cellular ferroelectrets based on polypropylene (PP) and on a cyclo-olefin copolymer (COC). Emphasis will be given to the stretching process and in particular to the expansion rate applied during the manufacturing process (which affects the radial dimension and the height of the cavities, respectively). Space-charge and partial-discharge measurements as a function of time and temperature are the main tools to infer the influence of the cavity size on charging and stability characteristics.}, language = {en} } @article{SaalfrankNestAndrianovetal.2006, author = {Saalfrank, Peter and Nest, Mathias and Andrianov, Igor V. and Klamroth, Tillmann and Kroner, Dominic and Beyvers, Stephanie}, title = {Quantum dynamics of laser-induced desorption from metal and semiconductor surfaces, and related phenomena}, volume = {18}, number = {30}, publisher = {IOP Publ.}, address = {Bristol}, issn = {1361-648X}, doi = {10.1088/0953-8984/18/30/S05}, pages = {S1425 -- S1459}, year = {2006}, abstract = {Recent progress towards a quantum theory of laser-induced desorption and related phenomena is reviewed, for specific examples. These comprise the photodesorption of NO from Pt(111), the scanning tunnelling microscope and laser- induced desorption and switching of H at Si(100), and the electron stimulated desorption and dissociation of CO at Ru(0001). The theoretical methods used for nuclear dynamics range from open-system density matrix theory over nonadiabatically coupled multi-state models to electron-nuclear wavepackets. Also, aspects of time-dependent spectroscopy to probe ultrafast nonadiabatic processes at surfaces will be considered for the example of two-photon photoemission of solvated electrons in ice layers on Cu(111)}, language = {en} } @article{MittalPorcasWucknitzetal.2006, author = {Mittal, Rupal and Porcas, Richard and Wucknitz, Olaf and Biggs, Andy D. and Browne, Ian W. A.}, title = {VLBI phase-reference observations of the gravitational lens JVAS B0218+357}, doi = {10.1051/0004-6361:20054012}, year = {2006}, abstract = {We present the results of phase-referenced VLBA+Effelsberg observations at five frequencies of the double-image gravitational lens WAS B0218+357, made to establish the precise registration of the A and B lensed image positions. The motivation behind these observations is to investigate the anomalous variation of the image flux-density ratio (A[B) with frequency - this ratio changes by almost a factor of two over a frequency range from 1.65 GHz to 15.35 GHz. We investigate whether frequency dependent image positions, combined with a magnification gradient across the image field, could give rise to the anomaly. Our observations confirm the variation of image flux-density ratio with frequency. The results from Our phase-reference astrometry, taken together with the lens mass model of Wucknitz et al. (2004, MNRAS, 349, 14), show that shifts of the image peaks and centroids are too small to account for the observed frequency- dependent ratio}, language = {en} } @article{LiSunKurths2006, author = {Li, Changpin and Sun, Weigang and Kurths, J{\"u}rgen}, title = {Synchronization of complex dynamical networks with time delays}, issn = {0378-4371}, doi = {10.1016/j.physa.2005.07.007}, year = {2006}, abstract = {In the present paper, two kinds of dynamical complex networks are considered. The first is that elements of every node have different time delays but all nodes in Such networks have the same time-delay vector. The second is that different nodes have different time-delay vectors, and the elements of each node also have different time delays. Corresponding synchronization theorems are established. Numerical examples show the efficiency of the derived theorems.}, language = {en} } @article{LeitenbergerPietsch2007, author = {Leitenberger, Wolfram and Pietsch, Ullrich}, title = {A monolithic Fresnel bimirror for hard X-rays and its application for coherence measurements}, issn = {0909-0495}, doi = {10.1107/S0909049507003846}, year = {2007}, abstract = {Experiments using a simple X-ray interferometer to measure the degree of spatial coherence of hard X-rays are reported. A monolithic Fresnel bimirror is used at small incidence angles to investigate synchrotron radiation in the energy interval 5-50 keV with monochromatic and white beam. The experimental setup was equivalent to a Young's double-slit experiment for hard X-rays with slit dimensions in the micrometre range. From the high-contrast interference pattern the degree of coherence was determined.}, language = {en} } @article{ThielRomanoKurths2006, author = {Thiel, Marco and Romano, Maria Carmen and Kurths, J{\"u}rgen}, title = {Spurious structures in recurrence plots induced by embedding}, doi = {10.1007/s11071-006-2010-9}, year = {2006}, abstract = {In this paper we show that delay embedding produces spurious structures in a recurrence plot (RP) that are not present in the real attractor. We analyze typical sets of simulated data, such as white noise and data from the chaotic Rossler system to show the relevance of this effect. In the second part of the paper we show that the second order Renyi entropy and the correlation dimension are dynamical invariants that can be estimated from Recurrence Plots with arbitrary embedding dimension and delay}, language = {en} } @article{TinoCacciapuotiBongsetal.2007, author = {Tino, G. M. and Cacciapuoti, L. and Bongs, K. and Bord{\´e}, Ch. J. and Bouyer, P. and Dittus, H. and Ertmer, W. and G{\"o}rlitz, A. and Inguscio, M. and Landragin, A. and Lemonde, P. and L{\"a}mmerzahl, C. and Peters, A. and Rasel, E. and Reichel, J. and Salomon, C. and Schiller, S. and Schleich, W. and Sengstock, K. and Sterr, U. and Wilkens, Martin}, title = {Atom interferometers and optical atomic clocks : new quantum sensors for fundamental physics experiments in space}, year = {2007}, abstract = {We present projects for future space missions using new quantum devices based on ultracold atoms. They will enable fundamental physics experiments testing quantum physics, physics beyond the standard model of fundamental particles and interactions, special relativity, gravitation and general relativity.}, language = {en} } @article{GoldobinPikovskij2006, author = {Goldobin, Denis S. and Pikovskij, Arkadij}, title = {Effects of delayed feedback on Kuramoto transition}, issn = {0375-9687}, doi = {10.1143/PTPS.161.43}, year = {2006}, abstract = {We develop a weakly nonlinear theory of the Kuramoto transition in an ensemble of globally coupled oscillators in presence of additional time-delayed coupling terms. We show that a linear delayed feedback not only controls the transition point, but effectively changes the nonlinear terms near the transition. A purely nonlinear delayed coupling does not effect the transition point, but can reduce or enhance the amplitude of collective oscillations}, language = {en} } @article{GarnierLaschewskyStorsberg2006, author = {Garnier, Sebastien and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Storsberg, J}, title = {Polymeric surfactants : novel agents with exceptional properties}, issn = {0932-3414}, year = {2006}, abstract = {This article presents recent progress in the field of polymeric surfactants made of permanently amphiphilic block copolymers or of stimulus-sensitive ones. We highlight key points in the design of amphiphilic macromolecules, to yield polymer surfactants with tailor-made properties, as well as recently developed and still challenging application fields for this new class of surfactants. The efficiency boosting of amphiphilic block copolymers as co-surfactants in microemulsions is discussed, as are surface modification by polymer surfactants, and stabilization of dispersions. Moreover, the use of block copolymers in nanosciences is presented, for instance as a tool for nanomaterial fabrication, or for biomedical and cosmetic applications in bio-nanotechnology. Finally, self-assembly and applications of some newly developed "exotic" amphiphilic block copolymer structures as new surface-active materials will be highlighted}, language = {en} } @article{ZhangHayerAlSutietal.2006, author = {Zhang, Ning and Hayer, Anna and Al-Suti, Mohammed K. and Al-Belushi, Rayya A. and Khan, Muhammad S. and K{\"o}hler, Anna}, title = {The effect of delocalization on the exchange energy in meta- and para-linked Pt-containing carbazole polymers and monomers}, doi = {10.1063/1.2200351}, year = {2006}, abstract = {A series of novel platinum-containing carbazole monomers and polymers was synthesized and fully characterized by UV-VIS absorption, luminescence, and photoinduced absorption studies. In these compounds, a carbazole unit is incorporated into the main chain via either a para- or a meta-linkage. We discuss the effects of linkage and polymerization on the energy levels of S-1, T-1, and T-n. The S-1-T-1 splitting observed for the meta-linked monomer (0.4 eV) is only half of that in the para-linked monomer (0.8 eV). Upon polymerization, the exchange energy in the para- linked compound reduces, yet still remains larger than in the meta-linked polymer. We attribute the difference in exchange energy to the difference in wave function overlap between electron and hole in these compounds. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics}, language = {en} } @article{BoccalettiHwangChavezetal.2006, author = {Boccaletti, Stefano and Hwang, Dong-Uk and Chavez, Mario and Amann, Andreas and Kurths, J{\"u}rgen and Pecora, Louis M.}, title = {Synchronization in dynamical networks : evolution along commutative graphs}, issn = {1539-3755}, doi = {10.1103/Physreve.74.016102}, year = {2006}, abstract = {Starting from an initial wiring of connections, we show that the synchronizability of a network can be significantly improved by evolving the graph along a time dependent connectivity matrix. We consider the case of connectivity matrices that commute at all times, and compare several approaches to engineer the corresponding commutative graphs. In particular, we show that synchronization in a dynamical network can be achieved even in the case in which each individual commutative graphs does not give rise to synchronized behavior}, language = {en} } @article{GoldobinPikovskij2006, author = {Goldobin, Denis S. and Pikovskij, Arkadij}, title = {Antireliability of noise-driven neurons}, issn = {1539-3755}, doi = {10.1103/Physreve.73.061906}, year = {2006}, abstract = {We demonstrate, within the framework of the FitzHugh-Nagumo model, that a firing neuron can respond to a noisy driving in a nonreliable manner: the same Gaussian white noise acting on identical neurons evokes different patterns of spikes. The effect is characterized via calculations of the Lyapunov exponent and the event synchronization correlations. We construct a theory that explains the antireliability as a combined effect of a high sensitivity to noise of some stages of the dynamics and nonisochronicity of oscillations. Geometrically, the antireliability is described by a random noninvertible one-dimensional map}, language = {en} } @article{AnishchenkoNikolaevKurths2006, author = {Anishchenko, Vadim S. and Nikolaev, S and Kurths, J{\"u}rgen}, title = {Winding number locking on a two-dimensional torus : synchronization of quasiperiodic motions}, issn = {1539-3755}, doi = {10.1103/Physreve.73.056202}, year = {2006}, abstract = {We propose a new autonomous dynamical system of dimension N=4 that demonstrates the regime of stable two- frequency motions and period-doubling bifurcations of a two-dimensional torus. It is shown that the period-doubling bifurcation of the two-dimensional torus is not followed by the resonance phenomenon, and the two-dimensional ergodic torus undergoes a period-doubling bifurcation. The interaction of two generators is also analyzed. The phenomenon of external and mutual synchronization of two-frequency oscillations is observed, for which winding number locking on a two- dimensional torus takes place}, language = {en} } @article{NolteMeineckeZieheetal.2006, author = {Nolte, Guido and Meinecke, Frank C. and Ziehe, Andreas and M{\"u}ller, Klaus-Robert}, title = {Identifying interactions in mixed and noisy complex systems}, doi = {10.1103/Physreve.73.051913}, year = {2006}, abstract = {We present a technique that identifies truly interacting subsystems of a complex system from multichannel data if the recordings are an unknown linear and instantaneous mixture of the true sources. The method is valid for arbitrary noise structure. For this, a blind source separation technique is proposed that diagonalizes antisymmetrized cross- correlation or cross-spectral matrices. The resulting decomposition finds truly interacting subsystems blindly and suppresses any spurious interaction stemming from the mixture. The usefulness of this interacting source analysis is demonstrated in simulations and for real electroencephalography data}, language = {en} } @article{RaabWesselSchirdewanetal.2006, author = {Raab, Corinna and Wessel, Niels and Schirdewan, Alexander and Kurths, J{\"u}rgen}, title = {Large-scale dimension densities for heart rate variability analysis}, issn = {1539-3755}, doi = {10.1103/Physreve.73.041907}, year = {2006}, abstract = {In this work, we reanalyze the heart rate variability (HRV) data from the 2002 Computers in Cardiology (CiC) Challenge using the concept of large-scale dimension densities and additionally apply this technique to data of healthy persons and of patients with cardiac diseases. The large-scale dimension density (LASDID) is estimated from the time series using a normalized Grassberger-Procaccia algorithm, which leads to a suitable correction of systematic errors produced by boundary effects in the rather large scales of a system. This way, it is possible to analyze rather short, nonstationary, and unfiltered data, such as HRV. Moreover, this method allows us to analyze short parts of the data and to look for differences between day and night. The circadian changes in the dimension density enable us to distinguish almost completely between real data and computer-generated data from the CiC 2002 challenge using only one parameter. In the second part we analyzed the data of 15 patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), 15 patients with congestive heart failure (CHF), 15 elderly healthy subjects (EH), as well as 18 young and healthy persons (YH). With our method we are able to separate completely the AF (rho(mu)(ls)=0.97 +/- 0.02) group from the others and, especially during daytime, the CHF patients show significant differences from the young and elderly healthy volunteers (CHF, 0.65 +/- 0.13; EH, 0.54 +/- 0.05; YH, 0.57 +/- 0.05; p < 0.05 for both comparisons). Moreover, for the CHF patients we find no circadian changes in rho(mu)(ls) (day, 0.65 +/- 0.13; night, 0.66 +/- 0.12; n.s.) in contrast to healthy controls (day, 0.54 +/- 0.05; night, 0.61 +/- 0.05; p=0.002). Correlation analysis showed no statistical significant relation between standard HRV and circadian LASDID, demonstrating a possibly independent application of our method for clinical risk stratification}, language = {en} } @article{IlnytskyiSaphiannikovaNeher2006, author = {Ilnytskyi, Jaroslav and Saphiannikova, Marina and Neher, Dieter}, title = {Photo-induced deformations in azobenzene-containing side-chain polymers : molecular dynamics study}, issn = {1607-324X}, year = {2006}, abstract = {We perform molecular dynamics simulations of azobenzene containing side-chain liquid crystalline polymer subject to an external model field that mimicks the reorientations of the azobenzenes upon irradiation with polarized light. The smectic phase of the polymer is studied with the field applied parallel to the nematic director, forcing the trans isomers to reorient perpendicularly to the field (the direction of which can be assosiated with the light polarization). The coupling between the reorientation of azobenzenes and mechanical deformation of the sample is found to depend on the field strength. In a weak field the original smectic order is melted gradually with no apparent change in the simulation box shape, whereas in a strong field two regimes are observed. During the first one a rapid melting of the liquid crystalline order is accompanied by the contraction of the polymer along the field direction (the effect similar to the one observed experimentally in azopenzene containing elastomers). During the slower second regime, the smectic layers are rebuilt to accomodate the preferential direction of chromophores perperdicular to the field.}, language = {en} } @article{HeinmuellerPetitjeanLedouxetal.2006, author = {Heinm{\"u}ller, Janine and Petitjean, Patrick and Ledoux, Cedric and Caucci, Sara and Srianand, Raghunathan}, title = {Kinematics and star formation activity in the z(abs)=2.03954 damped Lyman-alpha system towards PKS 0458-020}, issn = {0004-6361}, doi = {10.1051/0004-6361:20053910}, year = {2006}, abstract = {We present UVES observations of the log N(H I) = 21.7 damped Lyman-alpha system at z(abs) = 2.03954 towards the quasar PKS 0458-020. Hi Lyman-alpha emission is detected in the center of the damped Lyman-alpha absorption trough. Metallicities are derived for Mg II, Si II, P II, Cr II, Mn II, Fe II and Zn II and are found to be -1.21 +/- 0.12, - 1.28 +/- 0.20, -1.54 +/- 0.11, -1.66 +/- 0.10, -2.05 +/- 0.11, -1.87 +/- 0.11, -1.22 +/- 0.10, respectively, relative to solar. The depletion factor is therefore of the order of [Zn/Fe] = 0.65. We observe metal absorption lines to be blueshifted compared to the Lyman-alpha emission up to a maximum of similar to 100 and 200 km s(-1) for low and high- ionization species respectively. This can be interpreted either as the consequence of rotation in a large (similar to 7 kpc) disk or as the imprint of a galactic wind. The star formation rate (SFR) derived from the Lyman-alpha emission, 1.6 M-circle dot yr(-1), is compared with that estimated from the observed C II* absorption. No molecular hydrogen is detected in our data, yielding a molecular fraction log f < -6.52. This absence of H-2 can be explained as the consequence of a high ambient UV flux which is one order of magnitude larger than the radiation field in the ISM of our Galaxy and originates in the observed emitting region}, language = {en} } @article{TirokGaedke2006, author = {Tirok, Katrin and Gaedke, Ursula}, title = {Spring weather determines the relative importance of ciliates, rotifers and crustaceans for the initiation of the clear-water phase in a large, deep lake}, year = {2006}, abstract = {Clear-water phase (CWP) is an important event in seasonal plankton succession. We examined the influence of all herbivorous zooplankton on its initiation under different weather and climatic conditions using up to 19 years of observations from the large, deep Lake Constance (Europe) and estimates of relative clearance rates. A CWP occurred regularly, even if daphnid biomass was still very low. CWP was attributed to strong grazing either by a daphnid- dominated zooplankton community or by a diverse assemblage consisting of micro- and meso-zooplankton. Both types of zooplankton communities occurred with approximately the same frequency. The timing of the CWP was unrelated to the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) but correlated with the wind-dependent intensity of deep vertical mixing 3 months earlier, during early spring. Less mixing enabled early growth of phytoplankton, ciliates and rotifers despite low temperatures, which prevented daphnid development at this time. This resulted in enhanced grazing of ciliates and rotifers, which increased the importance of phytoplankton less edible for most ciliates, rotifers and daphnids. Ciliates clearly dominated the grazing pressure on phytoplankton throughout spring, maintaining high biomasses together with the phytoplankton for up to 2 months. A CWP was observed when herbivores grazing on larger phytoplankton developed in addition to ciliates}, language = {en} } @article{BrilliantovPoeschel2006, author = {Brilliantov, Nikolai V. and P{\"o}schel, Thorsten}, title = {Breakdown of the Sonine expansion for the velocity distribution of granular gases}, series = {Europhysics Letters}, volume = {74}, journal = {Europhysics Letters}, number = {3}, issn = {0295-5075}, doi = {10.1209/epl/i2005-10555-6}, pages = {424 -- 430}, year = {2006}, abstract = {The velocity distribution of a granular gas is analyzed in terms of the Sonine polynomials expansion. We derive an analytical expression for the third Sonine coefficient a(3). In contrast to frequently used assumptions this coefficient is of the same order of magnitude as the second Sonine coefficient a(2). For small inelasticity the theoretical result is in good agreement with numerical simulations. The next-order Sonine coefficients a(4), a(5) and a(6) are determined numerically. While these coefficients are negligible for small dissipation, their magnitude grows rapidly with increasing inelasticity for 0 < epsilon less than or similar to 0.6. We conclude that this behavior of the Sonine coefficients manifests the breakdown of the Sonine polynomial expansion caused by the increasing impact of the overpopulated high-energy tail of the distribution function}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Sokolova2006, author = {Sokolova, Elena}, title = {A Study of large-scale Atmospheric Dynamics on the Basic of NCEP Data and AOGCM Simulations}, address = {Potsdam}, pages = {128 S. : graph. Darst.}, year = {2006}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Kierfeld2006, author = {Kierfeld, Jan}, title = {Strings and Filaments: From Vortices to Biopolymers}, address = {Potsdam}, pages = {204 S. : graph. Darst.}, year = {2006}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Brunnemann2006, author = {Brunnemann, Johannes}, title = {Singularities of Classical Relativity within the Framework of Loop Quantum Gravity}, address = {Potsdam}, pages = {180 S.}, year = {2006}, language = {en} } @misc{Zen2006, author = {Zen, Achmad}, title = {Charge Transport in Poly(3-hexylthiophene) and in Highly Soluble Obligothiophene Field-Effect Transistors}, address = {Potsdam}, pages = {150 Bl. : graph. Darst.}, year = {2006}, language = {en} } @misc{Frieler2006, author = {Frieler, Katja}, title = {Beitrag zum Theoretischen Verst{\"a}ndnis polarer stratosph{\"a}rischer Ozonverluste : Modellrechnungen basierend auf Labormessungen und in situ Beobachtungen}, address = {Potsdam}, pages = {182 S. : graph. Darst.}, year = {2006}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Fery2006, author = {Fery, Andreas}, title = {Micro-Mechanics and Adhesion of Artifical Capsules From Method-development to Unterstanding Structure-property relations}, address = {Potsdam}, pages = {46 S. : graph. Darst.}, year = {2006}, language = {en} } @article{CramerEisertPlenioetal.2006, author = {Cramer, Marcus and Eisert, Jens and Plenio, Martin B. and Dreißig, Julian}, title = {Entanglement-area law for general bosonic harmonic lattice systems}, doi = {10.1103/Physreva.73.012309}, year = {2006}, abstract = {We demonstrate that the entropy of entanglement and the distillable entanglement of regions with respect to the rest of a general harmonic-lattice system in the ground or a thermal state scale at most as the boundary area of the region. This area law is rigorously proven to hold true in noncritical harmonic-lattice systems of arbitrary spatial dimension, for general finite-ranged harmonic interactions, regions of arbitrary shape, and states of nonzero temperature. For nearest-neighbor interactions-corresponding to the Klein-Gordon case-upper and lower bounds to the degree of entanglement can be stated explicitly for arbitrarily shaped regions, generalizing the findings of Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 060503 (2005). These higher-dimensional analogs of the analysis of block entropies in the one-dimensional case show that under general conditions, one can expect an area law for the entanglement in noncritical harmonic many-body systems. The proofs make use of methods from entanglement theory, as well as of results on matrix functions of block- banded matrices. Disordered systems are also considered. We moreover construct a class of examples for which the two- point correlation length diverges, yet still an area law can be proven to hold. We finally consider the scaling of classical correlations in a classical harmonic system and relate it to a quantum lattice system with a modified interaction. We briefly comment on a general relationship between criticality and area laws for the entropy of entanglement}, language = {en} }