@phdthesis{Kaneza2024,
  author    = {Kaneza, Elisabeth},
  title     = {Rassische Diskriminierung in Deutschland},
  series = {Schriften des MenschenRechtsZentrums der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  volume    = {49},
  journal   = {Schriften des MenschenRechtsZentrums der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  publisher = {Nomos},
  address   = {Baden-Baden},
  isbn      = {978-3-7560-1461-3},
  doi       = {10.5771/9783748919988},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {417},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {Diese Arbeit zeigt auf, wie historisch und rechtlich eine Ungleichheit zwischen Schwarzen und Weißen in Deutschland gewachsen ist und geht der Frage nach, welche Anforderungen das Verfassungsrecht, die Rechtspraxis und die Politik erf{\"u}llen m{\"u}ssen, um sie auszugleichen. Eingangs wird die Entwicklung des Verbots der rassischen Diskriminierung im internationalen und nationalen Recht dargelegt. Folglich zeichnet die Verfasserin die Diskriminierungsgeschichte von Schwarzen Menschen nach. Zur {\"U}berwindung der nach wie vor bestehenden strukturellen Diskriminierung schl{\"a}gt sie ein positives Recht vor, das sich auf Menschenrechtsstandards und L{\"o}sungsans{\"a}tzen aus Rechtsvergleichen st{\"u}tzt und die Gleichberechtigung von Schwarzen Menschen bewirken soll.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Ganghof2015,
  author    = {Ganghof, Steffen},
  title     = {Is the "Constitution of Equality' Parliamentary, Presidential or Hybrid?},
  series = {Political studies : the journal of the Political Studies Association of the United Kingdom},
  volume    = {63},
  journal   = {Political studies : the journal of the Political Studies Association of the United Kingdom},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell},
  address   = {Hoboken},
  issn      = {0032-3217},
  doi       = {10.1111/1467-9248.12124},
  pages     = {814 -- 829},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {What does the value of political equality imply for the institutional design of democracies? The existing normative literature highlights the importance of proportional representation and legislative majority rule, but neglects the choice of an executive format. This paper explores two potential egalitarian trade-offs in this choice. First, while presidential systems tend to achieve too little bundling of separable decision-making issues (within political parties), parliamentary systems often tend towards too much bundling (between political parties), thus establishing informal veto positions in the democratic process. This is a trade-off between the adversarial' and deliberative' aspects of equality. Second, there is a trade-off between horizontal' and vertical' equality. Neither pure presidentialism nor pure parliamentarism may be able to maximise both dimensions of equality simultaneously. The paper argues that certain hybrids between parliamentarism and presidentialism have the potential to mitigate both trade-offs. These hybrids establish power separation between the executive and legislature without allowing for popular executive elections. The argument also has potential implications for the democratisation of the European Union.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchwarzenthalSchachnervandeVijveretal.2018,
  author    = {Schwarzenthal, Miriam Jelena and Schachner, Maja Katharina and van de Vijver, Fons J. R. and Juang, Linda P.},
  title     = {Equal but Different},
  series = {Cultural diversity \& ethnic minority psychology : official journal of American Psychological Association Division 45},
  volume    = {24},
  journal   = {Cultural diversity \& ethnic minority psychology : official journal of American Psychological Association Division 45},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {American Psychological Association},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {1099-9809},
  doi       = {10.1037/cdp0000173},
  pages     = {260 -- 271},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Objectives: Integrating research on intergroup contact and intercultural relations, we investigated effects of 2 types of cultural diversity norms (equality/inclusion and cultural pluralism) on outgroup orientation and perceived discrimination among students of immigrant and nonimmigrant background. Method: Our sample comprised 1,975 6th graders (M-age = 11.53, SDage = 0.69, 47\% female) in Germany, of whom 1,213 (61\%) were of immigrant background, defined as having at least 1 parent born in a different country. A total of 83 countries of origin were represented. We applied a multilevel framework to assess the impact of individual-level and class-level predictors on intergroup outcomes, controlling for the classroom ethnic composition, school track, and individual-level covariates. Immigrant background was treated as a moderator. Results: The 2 types of cultural diversity norms were generally associated with more positive intergroup outcomes. Some of the associations differed in strength between students of immigrant and nonimmigrant background. There were stronger associations of equality/inclusion with higher outgroup orientation among students of nonimmigrant background and with lower perceived discrimination among students of immigrant background. Ethnic composition, as well as the classroom-aggregated diversity norms (diversity climate) showed weaker relations with the outcome variables. Conclusions: Equality/inclusion norms and cultural pluralism norms can make complementary contributions to positive relations between students of immigrant and nonimmigrant background. Equality/inclusion norms foster positive contact and equal treatment, while cultural pluralism norms emphasize that it is also important to value diversity. 1},
  language  = {en}
}