@article{WagnerRosenbergHofmannetal.2020, author = {Wagner, Birgit and Rosenberg, Nicole and Hofmann, Laura and Maaß, Ulrike}, title = {Web-based bereavement care}, series = {Frontiers in psychiatry}, volume = {11}, journal = {Frontiers in psychiatry}, publisher = {Frontiers Media}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-0640}, doi = {10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00525}, pages = {13}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Background: Web-based interventions have been introduced as novel and effective treatments for mental disorders and, in recent years, specifically for the bereaved. However, a systematic summary of the effectiveness of online interventions for people experiencing bereavement is still missing. Objective: A systematic literature search was conducted by four reviewers who reviewed and meta-analytically summarized the evidence for web-based interventions for bereaved people. Methods: Systematic searches (PubMed, Web of Science, PsycInfo, PsycArticles, Medline, and CINAHL) resulted in seven randomized controlled trials (N= 1,257) that addressed adults having experienced bereavement using internet-based interventions. We used random effects models to summarize treatment effects for between-group comparisons (treatmentvs.control at post) and stability over time (postvs.follow-up). Results: All web-based interventions were based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). In comparison with control groups, the interventions showed moderate (g= .54) to large effects (g= .86) for symptoms of grief and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), respectively. The effect for depression was small (g= .44). All effects were stable over time. A higher number of treatment sessions achieved higher effects for grief symptoms and more individual feedback increased effects for depression. Other moderators (i.e.dropout rate, time since loss, exposure) did not significantly reduce moderate degrees of heterogeneity between the studies. Limitations: The number of includable studies was low in this review resulting to lower power for moderator analyses in particular. Conclusions: Overall, the results of web-based bereavement interventions are promising, and its low-threshold approach might reduce barriers to bereavement care. Nonetheless, future research should further examine potential moderators and specific treatment components (e.g.exposure, feedback) and compare interventions with active controls.}, language = {en} } @article{HoltmannBuchmannEsseretal.2011, author = {Holtmann, Martin and Buchmann, Arlette F. and Esser, G{\"u}nter and Schmidt, Martin H. and Banaschewski, Tobias and Laucht, Manfred}, title = {The child behavior checklist-dysregulation profile predicts substance use, suicidality, and functional impairment a longitudinal analysis}, series = {The journal of child psychology and psychiatry}, volume = {52}, journal = {The journal of child psychology and psychiatry}, number = {2}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Malden}, issn = {0021-9630}, doi = {10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02309.x}, pages = {139 -- 147}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Background: Recent studies have identified a Child Behavior Checklist profile that characterizes children with severe affective and behavioral dysregulation (CBCL-dysregulation profile, CBCL-DP). In two recent longitudinal studies the CBCL-DP in childhood was associated with heightened rates of comorbid psychiatric disorders, among them bipolar disorder, an increased risk for suicidality, and marked psychosocial impairment at young-adult follow-up. This is the first study outside the US that examines the longitudinal course of the CBCL-DP. Methods: We studied the diagnostic and functional trajectories and the predictive utility of the CBCL-DP in the Mannheim Study of Children at Risk, an epidemiological cohort study on the outcome of early risk factors from birth into adulthood. A total of 325 young adults (151 males, 174 females) participated in the 19-year assessment. Results: Young adults with a higher CBCL-DP score in childhood were at increased risk for substance use disorders, suicidality and poorer overall functioning at age 19, even after adjustment for parental education, family income, impairment and psychiatric disorders at baseline. Childhood dysregulation was not related to bipolar disorder in young adulthood. The CBCL-DP was neither a precursor of a specific pattern of comorbidity nor of comorbidity in general. Conclusions: Children with high CBCL-DP values are at risk for later severe, psychiatric symptomatology. The different developmental trajectories suggest that the CBCL-DP is not simply an early manifestation of a single disease process but might rather be an early developmental risk marker of a persisting deficit of self-regulation of affect and behavior.}, language = {en} } @article{XieJiaRollsetal.2021, author = {Xie, Chao and Jia, Tianye and Rolls, Edmund T. and Robbins, Trevor W. and Sahakian, Barbara J. and Zhang, Jie and Liu, Zhaowen and Cheng, Wei and Luo, Qiang and Zac Lo, Chun-Yi and Schumann, Gunter and Feng, Jianfeng and Wang, He and Banaschewski, Tobias and Barker, Gareth J. and Bokde, Arun L.W. and B{\"u}chel, Christian and Quinlan, Erin Burke and Desrivi{\`e}res, Sylvane and Flor, Herta and Grigis, Antoine and Garavan, Hugh and Gowland, Penny and Heinz, Andreas and Hohmann, Sarah and Ittermann, Bernd and Martinot, Jean-Luc and Paill{\`e}re Martinot, Marie-Laure and Nees, Frauke and Papadopoulos Orfanos, Dimitri and Paus, Tom{\´a}š and Poustka, Luise and Fr{\"o}hner, Juliane H. and Smolka, Michael N. and Walter, Henrik and Whelan, Robert}, title = {Reward versus nonreward sensitivity of the medial versus lateral orbitofrontal cortex relates to the severity of depressive symptoms}, series = {Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging}, volume = {6}, journal = {Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging}, number = {3}, publisher = {Elsevier Science}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0006-3223}, doi = {10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.08.017}, pages = {259 -- 269}, year = {2021}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is implicated in depression. The hypothesis investigated was whether the OFC sensitivity to reward and nonreward is related to the severity of depressive symptoms. METHODS: Activations in the monetary incentive delay task were measured in the IMAGEN cohort at ages 14 years (n = 1877) and 19 years (n = 1140) with a longitudinal design. Clinically relevant subgroups were compared at ages 19 (high-severity group: n = 116; low-severity group: n = 206) and 14. RESULTS: The medial OFC exhibited graded activation increases to reward, and the lateral OFC had graded activation increases to nonreward. In this general population, the medial and lateral OFC activations were associated with concurrent depressive symptoms at both ages 14 and 19 years. In a stratified high-severity depressive symptom group versus control group comparison, the lateral OFC showed greater sensitivity for the magnitudes of activations related to nonreward in the high-severity group at age 19 (p = .027), and the medial OFC showed decreased sensitivity to the reward magnitudes in the high-severity group at both ages 14 (p = .002) and 19 (p = .002). In a longitudinal design, there was greater sensitivity to nonreward of the lateral OFC at age 14 for those who exhibited high depressive symptom severity later at age 19 (p = .003). CONCLUSIONS: Activations in the lateral OFC relate to sensitivity to not winning, were associated with high depressive symptom scores, and at age 14 predicted the depressive symptoms at ages 16 and 19. Activations in the medial OFC were related to sensitivity to winning, and reduced reward sensitivity was associated with concurrent high depressive symptom scores.}, language = {en} } @article{NiemannMirmehdiHaeuslerGellertetal.2019, author = {Niemann-Mirmehdi, Mechthild and H{\"a}usler, Andreas and Gellert, Paul and Nordheim, Johanna}, title = {Perceived Overprotection and Its Association With Quality of Life in Dementia}, series = {Geropsych - The Journal of gerontopsychology and geriatric psychiatry}, volume = {32}, journal = {Geropsych - The Journal of gerontopsychology and geriatric psychiatry}, number = {3}, publisher = {Hogrefe}, address = {G{\"o}ttingen}, issn = {1662-9647}, doi = {10.1024/1662-9647/a000207}, pages = {125 -- 134}, year = {2019}, abstract = {To date, few studies have focused on perceived overprotection from the perspective of people with dementia (PwD). In the present examination, the association of perceived overprotection in PwD is examined as an autonomy-restricting factor and thus negative for their mental well-being. Cross-sectional data from the prospective DYADEM study of 82 patient/partner dyads (mean age = 74.26) were used to investigate the association between overprotection, perceived stress, depression, and quality of life (QoL). The analyses show that an overprotective contact style with PwD has a significant positive association with stress and depression, and has a negative association with QoL. The results emphasize the importance of avoiding an overprotective care style and supporting patient autonomy.}, language = {en} } @article{HeinzelRappFydrichetal.2017, author = {Heinzel, Stephan and Rapp, Michael Armin and Fydrich, Thomas and Str{\"o}hle, Andreas and Teran, Christina and Kallies, Gunnar and Schwefel, Melanie and Heissel, Andreas}, title = {Neurobiological mechanisms of exercise and psychotherapy in depression}, series = {Clinical Trials}, volume = {15}, journal = {Clinical Trials}, number = {1}, publisher = {Sage Publ.}, address = {London}, issn = {1740-7745}, doi = {10.1177/1740774517729161}, pages = {53 -- 64}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Background/Aims: Even though cognitive behavioral therapy has become a relatively effective treatment for major depressive disorder and cognitive behavioral therapy-related changes of dysfunctional neural activations were shown in recent studies, remission rates still remain at an insufficient level. Therefore, the implementation of effective augmentation strategies is needed. In recent meta-analyses, exercise therapy (especially endurance exercise) was reported to be an effective intervention in major depressive disorder. Despite these findings, underlying mechanisms of the antidepressant effect of exercise especially in combination with cognitive behavioral therapy have rarely been studied to date and an investigation of its neural underpinnings is lacking. A better understanding of the psychological and neural mechanisms of exercise and cognitive behavioral therapy would be important for developing optimal treatment strategies in depression. The SPeED study (Sport/Exercise Therapy and Psychotherapyevaluating treatment Effects in Depressive patients) is a randomized controlled trial to investigate underlying physiological, neurobiological, and psychological mechanisms of the augmentation of cognitive behavioral therapy with endurance exercise. It is investigated if a preceding endurance exercise program will enhance the effect of a subsequent cognitive behavioral therapy. Methods: This study will include 105 patients diagnosed with a mild or moderate depressive episode according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.). The participants are randomized into one of three groups: a high-intensive or a low-intensive endurance exercise group or a waiting list control group. After the exercise program/waiting period, all patients receive an outpatient cognitive behavioral therapy treatment according to a standardized therapy manual. At four measurement points, major depressive disorder symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression), (neuro)biological measures (neural activations during working memory, monetary incentive delay task, and emotion regulation, as well as cortisol levels and brain-derived neurotrophic factor), neuropsychological test performance, and questionnaires (psychological needs, self-efficacy, and quality of life) are assessed. Results: In this article, we report the design of the SPeED study and refer to important methodological issues such as including both high- and low-intensity endurance exercise groups to allow the investigation of dose-response effects and physiological components of the therapy effects. Conclusion: The main aims of this research project are to study effects of endurance exercise and cognitive behavioral therapy on depressive symptoms and to investigate underlying physiological and neurobiological mechanisms of these effects. Results may provide important implications for the development of effective treatment strategies in major depressive disorder, specifically concerning the augmentation of cognitive behavioral therapy by endurance exercise.}, language = {en} } @article{KraheBerger2017, author = {Krah{\´e}, Barbara and Berger, Anja}, title = {Longitudinal pathways of sexual victimization, sexual self-esteem, and depression in women and men}, series = {Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy}, volume = {9}, journal = {Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy}, number = {2}, publisher = {American Psychological Association}, address = {Washington}, issn = {1942-9681}, doi = {10.1037/tra0000198}, pages = {147 -- 155}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Objective: This article presents a longitudinal analysis of the links between sexual assault victimization, depression, and sexual self-esteem by examining their cross-lagged paths among both men and women. Method: Male and female college students (N = 2,425) in Germany participated in the study that comprised 3 data waves in their first, second, and third year of university, separated by 12-month intervals. Sexual assault victimization was assessed at Time 1 (T1) since the age of 14 and at Time 2 (T2) and Time 3 (T3) for the last 12 months. Depression and sexual self-esteem were measured at each wave. Results: Random-intercept cross-lagged panel analyses, controlling for individual differences in depression and sexual self-esteem, showed that sexual assault at T1 predicted depression and lower sexual self-esteem at T2, and depression and lower self-esteem at T2 predicted sexual assault victimization at T3. In addition, significant paths were found from T1 depression to T2 sexual assault victimization and from T2 sexual assault victimization to depression at T3. Sexual victimization at T1 was indirectly linked to sexual victimization at T3 via depression at T2. Both depression and sexual self-esteem at T1 were indirectly linked to sexual victimization at T3. The paths did not differ significantly between men and women. Conclusion: Sexual assault victimization was shown to be a risk factor for both depression as a general mental health indicator and lowered sexual self-esteem as a specific outcome in the domain of sexuality. Moreover, depression and sexual self-esteem increased the vulnerability for sexual assault victimization, which has implications for prevention and intervention efforts. This document is copyrighted by the American Psychological Association or one of its allied publishers. This article is intended solely for the personal use of the individual user and is not to be disseminated broadly.}, language = {en} } @article{MeiserEsser2017, author = {Meiser, Susanne and Esser, G{\"u}nter}, title = {Interpersonal Stress Generation-A Girl Problem?}, series = {Journal of early adolescence}, volume = {39}, journal = {Journal of early adolescence}, number = {1}, publisher = {Sage Publ.}, address = {Thousand Oaks}, issn = {0272-4316}, doi = {10.1177/0272431617725197}, pages = {41 -- 66}, year = {2017}, abstract = {To provide further insight into stress generation patterns in boys and girls around puberty, this study investigated longitudinal reciprocal relations between depressive symptoms, dysfunctional attitudes, and stress generation, the process by which individuals contribute to the occurrence of stress in interpersonal contexts (e.g., problematic social interactions) or in noninterpersonal contexts (e.g., achievement problems). A community sample of N = 924 German children and early adolescents (51.8\% male) completed depressive symptoms and dysfunctional attitudes measures at T1 and again 20 months later (T2). Stressful life events were reported at T2. Dysfunctional attitudes were unrelated to stress generation. Interpersonal, but not noninterpersonal, dependent stress partially mediated the relationship between initial and later depressive symptoms, with girls being more likely to generate interpersonal stress in response to depressive symptoms. Findings underscore the role of interpersonal stress generation in the early development of depressive symptomatology, and in the gender difference in depression prevalence emerging around puberty.}, language = {en} } @misc{DolcosKatsumiWeymaretal.2017, author = {Dolcos, Florin and Katsumi, Yuta and Weymar, Mathias and Moore, Matthew and Tsukiura, Takashi and Dolcos, Sanda}, title = {Emerging Directions in Emotional Episodic Memory}, series = {Frontiers in psychology}, volume = {8}, journal = {Frontiers in psychology}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-1078}, doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01867}, pages = {R1277 -- R1280}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Building upon the existing literature on emotional memory, the present review examines emerging evidence from brain imaging investigations regarding four research directions: (1) Social Emotional Memory, (2) The Role of Emotion Regulation in the Impact of Emotion on Memory, (3) The Impact of Emotion on Associative or Relational Memory, and (4) The Role of Individual Differences in Emotional Memory. Across these four domains, available evidence demonstrates that emotion-and memory-related medial temporal lobe brain regions (amygdala and hippocampus, respectively), together with prefrontal cortical regions, play a pivotal role during both encoding and retrieval of emotional episodic memories. This evidence sheds light on the neural mechanisms of emotional memories in healthy functioning, and has important implications for understanding clinical conditions that are associated with negative affective biases in encoding and retrieving emotional memories.}, language = {en} } @article{LadwigVolzWerheid2018, author = {Ladwig, Simon and Volz, Matthias and Werheid, Katja}, title = {Depression ist weiblich - auch nach Schlaganfall?}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Neuropsychologie}, volume = {29}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Neuropsychologie}, number = {3}, publisher = {Hogrefe}, address = {Bern}, issn = {1016-264X}, doi = {10.1024/1016-264X/a000225}, pages = {141 -- 147}, year = {2018}, abstract = {W{\"a}hrend Frauen in der Allgemeinbev{\"o}lkerung ein h{\"o}heres Depressionsrisiko aufweisen als M{\"a}nner, ist die Forschungslage zu Geschlechterunterschieden nach Schlaganfall heterogen. Die vorliegende L{\"a}ngsschnittstudie untersucht Geschlechterunterschiede in der H{\"a}ufigkeit von depressiven St{\"o}rungen und Symptomen nach Schlaganfall. An zwei deutschen Rehabilitationszentren wurden N = 174 Schlaganfallpatienten und -patientinnen1 (n = 72 weiblich) rekrutiert und etablierte Risikofaktoren erfasst. Nacherhebungen fanden nach acht und 15 Monaten statt. Depressive St{\"o}rungen und Symptome waren h{\"a}ufiger bei Frauen (48.2 \%) als bei M{\"a}nnern (28.3 \%) w{\"a}hrend der station{\"a}ren Rehabilitation, jedoch nicht in den Folgeuntersuchungen. Etablierte Risikofaktoren beeinflussten geschlechtsunabh{\"a}ngig die Auspr{\"a}gung depressiver Symptomatik. In {\"U}bereinstimmung mit aktuellen Meta-Analysen zeigten sich keine dauerhaften Geschlechterunterschiede bei Depression nach Schlaganfall. In der klinischen Praxis sollte die Affektlage von Schlaganfallpatienten geschlechtsunabh{\"a}ngig betrachtet werden.}, language = {de} } @misc{LadwigZhouXuetal.2018, author = {Ladwig, Simon and Zhou, Zien and Xu, Ying and Wang, Xia and Chow, Clara K. and Werheid, Katja and Hackett, Maree L.}, title = {Comparison of treatment rates of depression after stroke versus myocardial infarction}, series = {Psychosomatic medicine}, volume = {80}, journal = {Psychosomatic medicine}, number = {8}, publisher = {Lippincott Williams \& Wilkins}, address = {Philadelphia}, issn = {0033-3174}, doi = {10.1097/PSY.0000000000000632}, pages = {754 -- 763}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Objective Depression after stroke and myocardial infarction (MI) is common but often assumed to be undertreated without reliable evidence being available. Thus, we aimed to determine treatment rates and investigate the application of guidelines in these conditions. Methods Databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycInfo, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Scopus were systematically searched without language restriction from inception to June 30, 2017. Prospective observational studies with consecutive recruitment reporting any antidepressant treatment in adults with depression after stroke or MI were included. Random-effects models were used to calculate pooled estimates of treatment rates. Results Fifty-five studies reported 32 stroke cohorts (n = 8938; pooled frequency of depression = 34\%, 95\% confidence interval [CI] = 29\%-38\%) and 17 MI cohorts (n = 10,767; pooled frequency of depression = 24\%, 95\% CI = 20\%-28\%). In 29 stroke cohorts, 24\% (95\% CI = 20\%-27\%) of 2280 depressed people used antidepressant medication. In 15 MI cohorts, 14\% (95\% CI = 8\%-19\%) of 2381 depressed people used antidepressant medication indicating a lower treatment rate than in stroke. Two studies reported use of psychosocial interventions, indicating that less than 10\% of participants were treated. Conclusions Despite the high frequency of depression after stroke and MI and the existence of efficacious treatment strategies, people often remain untreated. Innovative strategies are needed to increase the use of effective antidepressive interventions in patients with cardiovascular disease.}, language = {en} }