@incollection{BenderThim2021, author = {Bender, Benedict and Thim, Christof}, title = {Entering complementary markets on software platforms}, series = {Platform coring on digital software platforms}, booktitle = {Platform coring on digital software platforms}, editor = {Bender, Benedict}, publisher = {Springer Gabler}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-658-34798-7}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-658-34799-4_7}, pages = {149 -- 199}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Software platforms regularly introduce new features to remain competitive. While platform innovation is considered to be a critical success factor, adding certain features could hurt the ecosystem. If platform owners provide functionality that was previously provided by a contributor, the owners enter complementary product spaces. Complementary market entry frequently occurs on software platforms and is a major concern for third-party developers. Divergent findings on the impact of complementary market entry call for the consideration of additional factors. As prior research neglected the third-party perspective, this contribution aims to address this gap. We explore the use of measures to prevent complementary market entry using a survey approach on browser platforms. The research model is tested with 655 responses among developer from Mozilla Firefox and Google Chrome. To explain countermeasures employment, developer's attitude and perceived likelihood are important. The results reveal that developers employ countermeasures if complementary market entry is assessed negatively and perceived as likely for their extension. Differences among browser platforms concerning complementary market entry are identified. Product spaces of extensions being available on multiple platforms are less likely to be entered and more heavily protected. Implications for research and stakeholders, i.e. platform owners and contributors are discussed.}, language = {en} } @incollection{BenderThimLinke2021, author = {Bender, Benedict and Thim, Christof and Linke, Felix}, title = {Platform coring in the browser domain}, series = {Platform coring on digital software platforms}, booktitle = {Platform coring on digital software platforms}, editor = {Bender, Benedict}, publisher = {Springer Gabler}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-658-34798-7}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-658-34799-4_6}, pages = {119 -- 148}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Modern browsers are digital software platforms, as they allow third parties to extend functionality by providing extensions. In a highly competitive environment, differentiation through provided functionality is a key factor for browser platforms. As the development of browsers progress, new functions are constantly being released. Browsers could thus enter complementary markets by adding functionality previously provided by third-party extensions, which is referred to as 'platform coring'. Previous studies have missed the perspective of the parties involved. To address this gap, we conducted interviews with third-party and core developers in the security and privacy domain from Firefox and Chrome. This study provides three contributions. First, insights into stakeholder-specific issues concerning coring. Second, measures to prevent coring. Third, strategical guidance for developers and owners. Third-party vendors experienced and core developers confirmed that coring occurs on browser platforms. While developers with extrinsic motivations assess coring negatively, developers with intrinsic motivations perceive coring positively.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BenderThimLinke2019, author = {Bender, Benedict and Thim, Christof and Linke, Felix}, title = {Platform coring in the browser domain}, series = {Proceedings Information Systems - The Heart of Innovation Ecosystems (ICIS 2019)}, booktitle = {Proceedings Information Systems - The Heart of Innovation Ecosystems (ICIS 2019)}, isbn = {978-0-9966831-9-7}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Modern web browsers are digital software platforms, as they allow third-parties to extend functionality by providing extensions. Given the intense competition, differentiation through provided functionality is a key factor for browser platforms. As browsers progress, they constantly release new features. Browsers might thereby enter complementary markets if they add functionality formerly provided by third-party extensions, which is referred to as 'platform coring'. Previous studies missed the perspective of the involved parties. To address this gap, we conduct interviews with third-party and core developers in the security and privacy domain from Firefox and Chrome. In essence, the study provides three contributions. First, insights into stakeholder-specific issues concerning coring. Second, measures to prevent coring. Third, strategical guidance for developers and owners. Third-parties experienced and core developers acknowledged coring to occur on browser platforms. While developers with extrinsic motivations assess coring negatively, developers with intrinsic motivations perceive coring positively.}, language = {en} } @incollection{GronauVladovaThim2008, author = {Gronau, Norbert and Vladova, Gergana and Thim, Christof}, title = {Umgang mit Wissen im interkulturellen Vergleich}, series = {Umgang mit Wissen im interkulturellen Vergleich : Beitr{\"a}ge aus Forschung und Unternehmenspraxis ; Acatech-Workshop, Potsdam, 20. Mai 2008}, volume = {2008}, booktitle = {Umgang mit Wissen im interkulturellen Vergleich : Beitr{\"a}ge aus Forschung und Unternehmenspraxis ; Acatech-Workshop, Potsdam, 20. Mai 2008}, publisher = {Fraunhofer-IRB-Verl.}, address = {Stuttgart}, isbn = {978-3-8167-7822-6}, pages = {11 -- 25}, year = {2008}, abstract = {Die Bedeutung der Ressource Wissen f{\"u}r die Unternehmensentwicklung ist heutzutage unumstritten. Um wettbewerbsf{\"a}hig bleiben zu k{\"o}nnen, m{\"u}ssen Unternehmen die Erzeugung, Teilung und systematische Nutzung von Wissen f{\"o}rdern. Dabei stehen sowohl die individuelle Wissensbasis (und damit jeder Mitarbeiter) als auch die kollektive Wissensbasis (und damit das ganze Unternehmen) im Vordergrund. Der Faktor Kultur gewinnt in diesem Zusammenhang zunehmend an Bedeutung: Er beeinflusst alle drei Ebenen des Wissensmanagements - Mensch, Organisation und Technologie. Neben den Besonderheiten der Organisationskultur und der Kultur unterschiedlicher Mitarbeitergruppen sind in international agierenden Unternehmen auch die spezifischen Merkmale der jeweiligen Landeskultur zu ber{\"u}cksichtigen. Gemeinsam mit dem Lehrstuhl f{\"u}r Wirtschaftsinformatik und Electronic Government der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam hat acatech im Mai 2008 einen Workshop mit Vertretern aus Wirtschaft, Politik und Wissenschaft zum Umgang mit Wissen im interkulturellen Vergleich veranstaltet. Vor diesem Hintergrund entstand der acatech diskutiert-Band "Umgang mit Wissen im interkulturellen Vergleich - Beitr{\"a}ge aus Forschung und Unternehmenspraxis". Darin enthalten sind Beitr{\"a}ge, die u. a. danach fragen, welche wechselseitigen Beziehungen zwischen Technik und Kultur bestehen, inwieweit Experten- und Wissensnetzwerke als interkulturelles Instrument zum Umgang mit Wissen geeignet sind, wie Unternehmen ihre Mitarbeiter auf Auslandseins{\"a}tze und die Begegnung mit fremden Kulturen vorbereiten k{\"o}nnen und welche Rolle Kommunikation als Methode des Wissenstransfers spielt.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{GrumKlippertAlbersetal.2021, author = {Grum, Marcus and Klippert, Monika and Albers, Albert and Gronau, Norbert and Thim, Christof}, title = {Examining the quality of knowledge transfers}, series = {Proceedings of the Design Society}, volume = {1}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Design Society}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {2732-527X}, doi = {10.1017/pds.2021.404}, pages = {1431 -- 1440}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Already successfully used products or designs, past projects or our own experiences can be the basis for the development of new products. As reference products or existing knowledge, it is reused in the development process and across generations of products. Since further, products are developed in cooperation, the development of new product generations is characterized by knowledge-intensive processes in which information and knowledge are exchanged between different kinds of knowledge carriers. The particular knowledge transfer here describes the identification of knowledge, its transmission from the knowledge carrier to the knowledge receiver, and its application by the knowledge receiver, which includes embodied knowledge of physical products. Initial empirical findings of the quantitative effects regarding the speed of knowledge transfers already have been examined. However, the factors influencing the quality of knowledge transfer to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of knowledge transfer in product development have not yet been examined empirically. Therefore, this paper prepares an experimental setting for the empirical investigation of the quality of knowledge transfers.}, language = {en} } @incollection{GrumThimGronau2021, author = {Grum, Marcus and Thim, Christof and Gronau, Norbert}, title = {Aiming for knowledge-transfer-optimizing intelligent cyber-physical systems}, series = {Towards sustainable customization : cridging smart products and manufacturing systems}, booktitle = {Towards sustainable customization : cridging smart products and manufacturing systems}, editor = {Andersen, Ann-Louise and Andersen, Rasmus and Brunoe, Thomas Ditlev and Larsen, Maria Stoettrup Schioenning and Nielsen, Kjeld and Napoleone, Alessia and Kjeldgaard, Stefan}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-030-90699-3}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-90700-6_16}, pages = {149 -- 157}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Since more and more production tasks are enabled by Industry 4.0 techniques, the number of knowledge-intensive production tasks increases as trivial tasks can be automated and only non-trivial tasks demand human-machine interactions. With this, challenges regarding the competence of production workers, the complexity of tasks and stickiness of required knowledge occur [1]. Furthermore, workers experience time pressure which can lead to a decrease in output quality. Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) have the potential to assist workers in knowledge-intensive work grounded on quantitative insights about knowledge transfer activities [2]. By providing contextual and situational awareness as well as complex classification and selection algorithms, CPS are able to ease knowledge transfer in a way that production time and quality is improved significantly. CPS have only been used for direct production and process optimization, knowledge transfers have only been regarded in assistance systems with little contextual awareness. Embedding production and knowledge transfer optimization thus show potential for further improvements. This contribution outlines the requirements and a framework to design these systems. It accounts for the relevant factors.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{GrumThimRolingetal.2023, author = {Grum, Marcus and Thim, Christof and Roling, Wiebke and Sch{\"u}ffler, Arnulf and Kluge, Annette and Gronau, Norbert}, title = {AI case-based reasoning for artificial neural networks}, series = {Artificial intelligence and industrial applications}, volume = {771}, booktitle = {Artificial intelligence and industrial applications}, editor = {Masrour, Tawfik and El Hassani, Ibtissam and Barka, Noureddine}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-031-43523-2}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-43524-9_2}, pages = {17 -- 35}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Faced with the triad of time-cost-quality, the realization of production tasks under economic conditions is not trivial. Since the number of Artificial-Intelligence-(AI)-based applications in business processes is increasing more and more nowadays, the efficient design of AI cases for production processes as well as their target-oriented improvement is essential, so that production outcomes satisfy high quality criteria and economic requirements. Both challenge production management and data scientists, aiming to assign ideal manifestations of artificial neural networks (ANNs) to a certain task. Faced with new attempts of ANN-based production process improvements [8], this paper continues research about the optimal creation, provision and utilization of ANNs. Moreover, it presents a mechanism for AI case-based reasoning for ANNs. Experiments clarify continuously improving ANN knowledge bases by this mechanism empirically. Its proof-of-concept is demonstrated by the example of four production simulation scenarios, which cover the most relevant use cases and will be the basis for examining AI cases on a quantitative level.}, language = {en} } @article{HaaseThim2020, author = {Haase, Jennifer and Thim, Christof}, title = {An approach to model forgetting}, series = {AIS Transactions on Enterprise Systems}, volume = {4}, journal = {AIS Transactions on Enterprise Systems}, number = {1}, publisher = {Gito mbH Verlag f{\"u}r Industrielle Informationstechnik und Organisation}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.30844/aistes.v4i1.17}, pages = {12}, year = {2020}, abstract = {This paper aims to investigate the possibility to include aspects of forgetting into business process modeling. To date, there is no possibility to model forgotten or to-be- forgotten elements beyond the mere deletion. On a first attempt, we focus on the individual level and model knowledge transformation within a single person. Using the Knowledge Model Description Language, we propose ways to include different forms of forgetting into the realm of modeling tools. Using data from an experimental setting within an assembly line production environment, the usability of those new modeling tools is tested. So far, the applicability of modeling features for forgetting on the individual level is mostly restricted to a research context. However, clear requirements to transfer the tools onto the team- and organizational level are set out.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HaaseThimBender2021, author = {Haase, Jennifer and Thim, Christof and Bender, Benedict}, title = {Expanding modeling notations}, series = {Business Process Management Workshops. BPM 2021 / Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing}, booktitle = {Business Process Management Workshops. BPM 2021 / Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing}, number = {436}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-030-94342-4}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-94343-1_15}, pages = {193 -- 196}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Creativity is a common aspect of business processes and thus needs a proper representation through process modeling notations. However, creative processes constitute highly flexible process elements, as new and unforeseeable outcome is developed. This presents a challenge for modeling languages. Current methods representing creative-intensive work are rather less able to capture creative specifics which are relevant to successfully run and manage these processes. We outline the concept of creative-intensive processes and present an example from a game design process in order to derive critical process aspects relevant for its modeling. Six aspects are detected, with first and foremost: process flexibility, as well as temporal uncertainty, experience, types of creative problems, phases of the creative process and individual criteria. By first analyzing what aspects of creative work modeling notations already cover, we further discuss which modeling extensions need to be developed to better represent creativity within business processes. We argue that a proper representation of creative work would not just improve the management of those processes, but can further enable process actors to more efficiently run these creative processes and adjust them to better fit to the creative needs.}, language = {en} } @incollection{HaaseThimBender2022, author = {Haase, Jennifer and Thim, Christof and Bender, Benedict}, title = {Expanding modeling notations}, series = {Business process management workshops}, volume = {436}, booktitle = {Business process management workshops}, editor = {Marrella, Andrea and Weber, Barbara}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-030-94342-4}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-94343-1_15}, pages = {197 -- 208}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Creativity is a common aspect of business processes and thus needs a proper representation through process modeling notations. However, creative processes constitute highly flexible process elements, as new and unforeseeable outcome is developed. This presents a challenge for modeling languages. Current methods representing creative-intensive work are rather less able to capture creative specifics which are relevant to successfully run and manage these processes. We outline the concept of creative-intensive processes and present an example from a game design process in order to derive critical process aspects relevant for its modeling. Six aspects are detected, with first and foremost: process flexibility, as well as temporal uncertainty, experience, types of creative problems, phases of the creative process and individual criteria. By first analyzing what aspects of creative work modeling notations already cover, we further discuss which modeling extensions need to be developed to better represent creativity within business processes. We argue that a proper representation of creative work would not just improve the management of those processes, but can further enable process actors to more efficiently run these creative processes and adjust them to better fit to the creative needs.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HafnerThim2021, author = {Hafner, Julee and Thim, Christof}, title = {Knowledge, innovation and entrepreneurial systems track innovation in organizations}, series = {Proceedings of the 54th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 54th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences}, editor = {Bui, Tung}, publisher = {University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Hamilton Library}, address = {Honolulu, HI}, isbn = {978-0-9981331-4-0}, pages = {5046 -- 5047}, year = {2021}, abstract = {We welcome you to the 54th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS-54) conference. This is the fifth year for the Organizational Learning Minitrack which has had the usual growing pains: two years ago, we added the topic of Unlearning and joined with the Intentional Forgetting Minitrack - as these topics are all organizationally-based knowledge management issues. We proudly bring you the latest research focused on the methods to develop and maintain organizational learning within the Knowledge Innovation and Entrepreneurial Systems Track. The ability to update, change and use current knowledge effectively, especially in light of the ongoing knowledge explosion, can be costly for any organization. Organizations that consider themselves "learning" or "knowledge-based" organizations must develop a competent workforce using KM strategies. Success in organizations involves developing a variety of human factors for changing competencies. With technological change, modification and revisions, many skills require updating for a competitive advantage in the marketplace. The focus on new techniques and insights into how individuals and organizations use their knowledge is our focus for the improvement of organizational learning in this Minitrack.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HafnerThim2022, author = {Hafner, Julee and Thim, Christof}, title = {Innovation in organizations: learning, unlearning, and intentional forgetting}, series = {Proceedings of the 55th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS)}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 55th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS)}, publisher = {University of Hawai'i at Manoa Hamilton Library}, address = {Honolulu, HI}, isbn = {978-099813315-7}, pages = {4784 -- 4785}, year = {2022}, abstract = {We welcome you to the 53rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS) conference. After joining with Intentional Forgetting Minitrack last year, this is the fourth year of the Organizational Learning Minitrack. We add Unlearning, and Intentional Forgetting to proudly bring you the latest research focused on organizational learning issues within the Knowledge Innovation and Entrepreneurial Systems Track. The ability to update, change and use current knowledge effectively, especially in light of the ongoing knowledge explosion, can be costly for any organization. Organizations that consider themselves "learning" or "knowledge-based" organizations must develop a competent workforce using KM strategies. Success in organizations involves developing a variety of human factors for changing competencies. With technological change, modification and revisions, many skills require updating for a competitive advantage in the marketplace. The focus on new techniques and insights into how individuals and organizations use their knowledge is our focus for the improvement of organizational learning in this Minitrack.}, language = {en} } @article{KlippertStolpmannGrumetal.2023, author = {Klippert, Monika and Stolpmann, Robert and Grum, Marcus and Thim, Christof and Gronau, Norbert and Albers, Albert}, title = {Knowledge transfer quality improvement}, series = {Procedia CIRP}, volume = {119}, journal = {Procedia CIRP}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2212-8271}, doi = {10.1016/j.procir.2023.02.171}, pages = {919 -- 925}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Developing a new product generation requires the transfer of knowledge among various knowledge carriers. Several factors influence knowledge transfer, e.g., the complexity of engineering tasks or the competence of employees, which can decrease the efficiency and effectiveness of knowledge transfers in product engineering. Hence, improving those knowledge transfers obtains great potential, especially against the backdrop of experienced employees leaving the company due to retirement, so far, research results show, that the knowledge transfer velocity can be raised by following the Knowledge Transfer Velocity Model and implementing so-called interventions in a product engineering context. In most cases, the implemented interventions have a positive effect on knowledge transfer speed improvement. In addition to that, initial theoretical findings describe factors influencing the quality of knowledge transfers and outline a setting to empirically investigate how the quality can be improved by introducing a general description of knowledge transfer reference situations and principles to measure the quality of knowledge artifacts. To assess the quality of knowledge transfers in a product engineering context, the Knowledge Transfer Quality Model (KTQM) is created, which serves as a basis to develop and implement quality-dependent interventions for different knowledge transfer situations. As a result, this paper introduces the specifications of eight situation-adequate interventions to improve the quality of knowledge transfers in product engineering following an intervention template. Those interventions are intended to be implemented in an industrial setting to measure the quality of knowledge transfers and validate their effect.}, language = {en} } @article{KoerppenThim2020, author = {K{\"o}rppen, Tim and Thim, Christof}, title = {Visualisierung des digitalen Zwillings mit AR}, series = {Fabriksoftware : die digitale Fabrik realisieren}, volume = {25}, journal = {Fabriksoftware : die digitale Fabrik realisieren}, number = {4}, publisher = {GITO mbH}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {2569-7692}, doi = {10.30844/FS20-4_19-22}, pages = {19 -- 22}, year = {2020}, abstract = {F{\"u}r die Transformation der industriellen Fertigung stellt die Integration der Realwelt und die parallele Abbildung in der Digitalwelt eine wichtige Anforderung dar. Hier greift das Konzept des digitalen Zwillings zur digitalen Repr{\"a}sentation physischer Objekte. Zur Verbesserung der Mensch-Maschinen-Interaktion zwischen Fabrikpersonal, Anlagen sowie Werkst{\"u}cken und Steigerung der Transparenz am Shopfloor, kann ein solcher digitaler Zwilling relevante Daten liefern. In diesem Beitrag wird ein Konzept zur Visualisierung des digitalen Zwillings mittels Augmented Reality vorgestellt und evaluiert.}, language = {de} } @article{SchuefflerThimHaaseetal.2019, author = {Sch{\"u}ffler, Arnulf and Thim, Christof and Haase, Jennifer and Gronau, Norbert and Kluge, Annette}, title = {Information processing in work environment 4.0 and the beneficial impact of intentional forgetting on change management}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie : german journal of work and organizational psychology}, volume = {64}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie : german journal of work and organizational psychology}, number = {1}, publisher = {Hogrefe}, address = {G{\"o}ttingen}, issn = {0932-4089}, doi = {10.1026/0932-4089/a000307}, pages = {17 -- 29}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Industry 4.0, based on increasingly progressive digitalization, is a global phenomenon that affects every part of our work. The Internet of Things (IoT) is pushing the process of automation, culminating in the total autonomy of cyber-physical systems. This process is accompanied by a massive amount of data, information, and new dimensions of flexibility. As the amount of available data increases, their specific timeliness decreases. Mastering Industry 4.0 requires humans to master the new dimensions of information and to adapt to relevant ongoing changes. Intentional forgetting can make a difference in this context, as it discards nonprevailing information and actions in favor of prevailing ones. Intentional forgetting is the basis of any adaptation to change, as it ensures that nonprevailing memory items are not retrieved while prevailing ones are retained. This study presents a novel experimental approach that was introduced in a learning factory (the Research and Application Center Industry 4.0) to investigate intentional forgetting as it applies to production routines. In the first experiment (N = 18), in which the participants collectively performed 3046 routine related actions (t1 = 1402, t2 = 1644), the results showed that highly proceduralized actions were more difficult to forget than actions that were less well-learned. Additionally, we found that the quality of cues that trigger the execution of routine actions had no effect on the extent of intentional forgetting.}, language = {en} } @article{SchuefflerThimHaaseetal.2019, author = {Sch{\"u}ffler, Arnulf and Thim, Christof and Haase, Jennifer and Gronau, Norbert and Kluge, Annette}, title = {Willentliches Vergessen}, series = {Gruppe. Interaktion. Organisation. Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Angewandte Organisationspsychologie (GIO)}, volume = {50}, journal = {Gruppe. Interaktion. Organisation. Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Angewandte Organisationspsychologie (GIO)}, number = {2}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Wiesbaden}, issn = {2366-6145}, doi = {10.1007/s11612-019-00466-0}, pages = {197 -- 209}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Dieser Beitrag im Journal Gruppe. Interaktion. Organisation. stellt dar, wie willentliches Vergessen die Anpassung an notwendige Ver{\"a}nderungen f{\"u}r Individuen, Gruppen und Organisationen verbessert und wie willentliches Vergessen bewusst und gezielt gestaltet werden kann. Damit Verhalten in Folge einer notwendigen Ver{\"a}nderung angepasst wird, reicht es nicht aus, dass Menschen wissen was zu tun ist, willens und in der Lage sind ihr Verhalten zu ver{\"a}ndern. Eine Ver{\"a}nderung gelingt nur dann, wenn nur noch das neue Verhalten zur Anwendung kommt und nicht mehr das Alte, wenn das alte Verhalten vergessen wird. Der notwendige Prozess des willentlichen Vergessens ist durch Entfernen von Hinweisreizen, die die Erinnerung des zu Vergessenden und durch Platzierung von Hinweisreizen, die die Aktivierung des Neuen ausl{\"o}sen, gestaltbar. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt die f{\"o}rderliche Wirkung von Hinweisreizen auf willentliches Vergessen dar, stellt sie im Rahmen des Berichts einer experimentellen Studie unter Beweis und gibt praktische Implikationen, wie f{\"u}r Individuen, Gruppen und Organisationen willentliches Vergessen gestaltet werden kann.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Thim2017, author = {Thim, Christof}, title = {Technologieakzeptanz in Organisationen}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-401070}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Technological change is influencing organisations in their operation. It is used as a means to enhance productivity or to gain momentum on the market. The success of introducing new technologies into the organisation relies heavily on user acceptance. Existing explanations like the Diffusion of Innovation Theory (Rogers, 2003) and the Technology Acceptance Model and its extensions (Davis, 1989; Venkatesh and Davis, 1996; Venkatesh and Davis, 2000; Venkatesh, Morris, et al., 2003) do not address the organisational context sufficiently. Their models concentrate on technology adoption in a non-mandatory environment. Furthermore they do not encompass resistance against a new technology. Hence these models cannot be used to analyse the acceptance and usage decision process within organisations. This thesis therefore aims at investigating the organisational dynamics evoked by the introduction of new technologies with regard to acceptance and usage. More precisely it answers the question, whether different organisation types exert varying influences on their members and produce different patterns of acceptance and usage. The groundwork to achieve this insight is the synthesis and extension of different models of technology acceptance and organisational governance. The resulting model describes the development dynamics within an organisation and model combines two perspectives. On one hand the individual level encompasses socio-psychological aspects and individual decision making processes. This perspective is based on the aforementioned theories of individual acceptance, which are extended with different fit theories (Goodhue and Thompson, 1995; Floyd, 1986; Liu, Lee, and Chen, 2011; Parkes, 2013). Furthermore the resistance to new technology is introduced into the analysis as another possible course of action (Patsiotis, Hughes, and Webber, 2012). The organisational perspective on the other hand embeds the individual acceptance and usage decision into a social context. The interaction between organisation members based on the observation of others and the internalisation of social pressure are introduced as determinants of acceptance and usage. Furthermore organisational governance structures moderate this social influence and specify its impact. The relationship between governance and social influence is elaborated through the application of system theory to the organisational context: Actors like change agents or management use governance media (Luhmann, 1997; Fischer, 2009) to intervene in the individual decisions. The effect of these governance media varies with certain attributes of the organisation. Different coordination mechanisms of organisational configurations (Mintzberg, 1979) provide a link to governance media and their connectivity to individual decision processes. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of model a simulation experiment is conducted in AnyLogic. The validity of the model was tested in a sensitivity analysis. The results from the experiment show a specific acceptance and usage pattern. The acceptance is dropping at first due to the initial frustration. It then recovers and is growing in a bounded manner. Since usage is mandatory in an organisation, it is enforced by the management. This leads to a rapid increase of usage at first and stabilises on different levels during the course of the simulation. It was also found that different organisation configurations produce varying outcomes. The bureaucratic organisation enforces the usage better than any other configuration, leading to a higher usage level. However it fails to produce acceptance. The adhocracy on the other hand reaches a higher acceptance level through mutual adjustment. Its downside is the lack of usage. Furthermore the behaviour is not predictable, which can either lead to mostly positive outcomes or the complete break-down of the diffusion process. The simulation shows that organisations have to decide during the introduction of a new technology whether they want high usage rates fast with the risk of failing in the long term or establish a self-enforcing and sustainable diffusion processes which requires more time to be effective.}, language = {de} } @incollection{ThimGronauHaaseetal.2023, author = {Thim, Christof and Gronau, Norbert and Haase, Jennifer and Grum, Marcus and Sch{\"u}ffler, Arnulf and Roling, Wiebke and Kluge, Annette}, title = {Modeling change in business processes}, series = {Business modeling and software design}, booktitle = {Business modeling and software design}, editor = {Shishkov, Boris}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-031-36756-4}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-36757-1_1}, pages = {3 -- 17}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Business processes are regularly modified either to capture requirements from the organization's environment or due to internal optimization and restructuring. Implementing the changes into the individual work routines is aided by change management tools. These tools aim at the acceptance of the process by and empowerment of the process executor. They cover a wide range of general factors and seldom accurately address the changes in task execution and sequence. Furthermore, change is only framed as a learning activity, while most obstacles to change arise from the inability to unlearn or forget behavioural patterns one is acquainted with. Therefore, this paper aims to develop and demonstrate a notation to capture changes in business processes and identify elements that are likely to present obstacles during change. It connects existing research from changes in work routines and psychological insights from unlearning and intentional forgetting to the BPM domain. The results contribute to more transparency in business process models regarding knowledge changes. They provide better means to understand the dynamics and barriers of change processes.}, language = {en} } @book{ThimGronauRoechertVoigtetal.2012, author = {Thim, Christof and Gronau, Norbert and R{\"o}chert-Voigt, Tanja and Proske, Niels and Heine, Moreen}, title = {Organisation des Schutzes der kritischen Infrastruktur Wasserversorgung}, publisher = {Gito Verlag GmbH}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-942183-78-9}, pages = {16}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Die Erf{\"u}llung sicherheitsrelevanter Aufgaben, gerade im Bereich der Wasserversorgung, erfolgt immer vor dem Hintergrund des Schutzes der Kritischen Infrastruktur selbst und eines effektiven Bev{\"o}lkerungsschutzes. Daher erfordert die Organisation des Schutzes eine {\"u}ber die betriebsbezogene Sichtweise hinausgehende {\"u}berorganisatorische Betrachtung im Gesamtkontext zunehmender Verflechtung und Abh{\"a}ngigkeiten der Organisationen. Die vorliegende Brosch{\"u}re richtet sich daher insbesondere an kleine und mittlere Betreiber Kritischer Infrastrukturen, insbesondere im Bereich der Wasserversorgung. Diese sollen in die Lage versetzt werden, eine anforderungsgerechte, skalierbare und vor allem ressourceneffiziente Schutzkonzepterstellung durchf{\"u}hren zu k{\"o}nnen.}, language = {de} } @incollection{ThimGrumSchueffleretal.2021, author = {Thim, Christof and Grum, Marcus and Sch{\"u}ffler, Arnulf and Roling, Wiebke and Kluge, Annette and Gronau, Norbert}, title = {A concept for a distributed Interchangeable knowledge base in CPPS}, series = {Towards sustainable customization: cridging smart products and manufacturing systems}, booktitle = {Towards sustainable customization: cridging smart products and manufacturing systems}, editor = {Andersen, Ann-Louise and Andersen, Rasmus and Brunoe, Thomas Ditlev and Larsen, Maria Stoettrup Schioenning and Nielsen, Kjeld and Napoleone, Alessia and Kjeldgaard, Stefan}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-030-90699-3}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-90700-6_35}, pages = {314 -- 321}, year = {2021}, abstract = {As AI technology is increasingly used in production systems, different approaches have emerged from highly decentralized small-scale AI at the edge level to centralized, cloud-based services used for higher-order optimizations. Each direction has disadvantages ranging from the lack of computational power at the edge level to the reliance on stable network connections with the centralized approach. Thus, a hybrid approach with centralized and decentralized components that possess specific abilities and interact is preferred. However, the distribution of AI capabilities leads to problems in self-adapting learning systems, as knowledgebases can diverge when no central coordination is present. Edge components will specialize in distinctive patterns (overlearn), which hampers their adaptability for different cases. Therefore, this paper aims to present a concept for a distributed interchangeable knowledge base in CPPS. The approach is based on various AI components and concepts for each participating node. A service-oriented infrastructure allows a decentralized, loosely coupled architecture of the CPPS. By exchanging knowledge bases between nodes, the overall system should become more adaptive, as each node can "forget" their present specialization.}, language = {en} } @article{ThimUllrichEigelshovenetal.2020, author = {Thim, Christof and Ullrich, Andr{\´e} and Eigelshoven, Felix and Gronau, Norbert and Ritter, Ann-Carolin}, title = {Crowdsourcing bei industriellen Innovationen}, series = {Industrie 4.0 Management : Gegenwart und Zukunft industrieller Gesch{\"a}ftsprozesse}, volume = {36}, journal = {Industrie 4.0 Management : Gegenwart und Zukunft industrieller Gesch{\"a}ftsprozesse}, number = {6}, publisher = {GITO mbH Verlag}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {2364-9208}, doi = {10.30844/I40M_20-6_S9-13}, pages = {9 -- 13}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Die Innovationst{\"a}tigkeit im industriellen Umfeld verlagert sich durch die Digitalisierung hin zu Produkt-Service-Systemen. Kleine und mittlere Unternehmen haben sich in ihrer Entwicklungst{\"a}tigkeit bisher stark auf die Produktentwicklung bezogen. Der Umstieg auf „smarte" Produkte und die Kopplung an Dienstleistungen erfordert h{\"a}ufig personelle und finanzielle Ressourcen, welche KMU nicht aufbringen k{\"o}nnen. Crowdsourcing stellt eine M{\"o}glichkeit dar, den Innovationsprozess f{\"u}r externe Akteure zu {\"o}ffnen und Kosten- sowie Geschwindigkeitsvorteile zu realisieren. Bei der Integration von Crowdsourcing-Elementen ist jedoch einigen Herausforderungen zu begegnen. Dieser Beitrag zeigt sowohl die Potenziale als auch die Barrieren einer Crowdsourcing-Nutzung im industriellen Umfeld auf.}, language = {de} } @article{ThimUllrichGronau2020, author = {Thim, Christof and Ullrich, Andr{\´e} and Gronau, Norbert}, title = {Process model driven learning scenario implementation}, series = {Procedia manufacturing}, volume = {45}, journal = {Procedia manufacturing}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2351-9789}, doi = {10.1016/j.promfg.2020.04.071}, pages = {522 -- 527}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The implementation of learning scenarios is a diversely challenging, frequently purely manual and effortful undertaking. In this contribution a process based view is used in scenario generation to overcome communication, coordination and technical gaps. A framework is provided to identify, define and integrate technological artefacts and learning content as modular, reusable building blocks along a modeled production process. The specific contribution is twofold: 1) the theoretical framework represents a unique basis for modularization of content and technology in order to enhance reusability, 2) the model based scenario definition is a starting point for automated implementation of learning scenarios in industrial learning environments that has not been created before.}, language = {en} } @article{VladovaWotschackLareiroetal.2020, author = {Vladova, Gergana and Wotschack, Philip and Lareiro, Patricia de Paiva and Gronau, Norbert and Thim, Christof}, title = {Lernen mit Assistenzsystemen}, series = {Industrie 4.0 Management : Gegenwart und Zukunft industrieller Gesch{\"a}ftsprozesse}, volume = {36}, journal = {Industrie 4.0 Management : Gegenwart und Zukunft industrieller Gesch{\"a}ftsprozesse}, number = {3}, publisher = {GITO mbH Verlag}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {2364-9208}, doi = {10.30844/I40M_20-3_S16-20}, pages = {16 -- 20}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Der Beitrag beschreibt die Konzeption und Durchf{\"u}hrung und bietet einen Einblick in die ersten Ergebnisse einer Untersuchung mit experimentellem Design in einer simulierten Prozessumgebung im Forschungs- und Anwendungszentrum Industrie 4.0 in Potsdam. Im Mittelpunkt stehen Anlernprozesse im Bereich der Einfacharbeit (Helfert{\"a}tigkeiten) und ihre Gestaltung durch den Einsatz digitaler Assistenzsysteme. In der Arbeitsforschung finden sich Hinweise darauf, dass mit dem Einsatz dieser Systeme Prozesswissen verloren geht, im Sinne einer guten Kenntnis des gesamten Arbeitsprozesses, in den die einzelnen T{\"a}tigkeiten eingebettet sind. Das kann sich als Problem erweisen, vor allem wenn unvorhersehbare Situationen oder Fehler eintreten. Um die Rolle von Prozesswissen beim Einsatz von digitalen Assistenzsystemen zu untersuchen, wird im Experiment eine echte Fabriksituation simuliert. Die Probanden werden {\"u}ber ein Assistenzsystem Schritt f{\"u}r Schritt in ihre Aufgabent{\"a}tigkeit angelernt, einem Teil der Probanden wird allerdings am Anfang zus{\"a}tzlich Prozesswissen im Rahmen einer kurzen Schulung vermittelt.}, language = {de} } @article{WotschackVladovadePaivaLareiroetal.2022, author = {Wotschack, Philip and Vladova, Gergana and de Paiva Lareiro, Patricia and Thim, Christof}, title = {Learning via assistance systems in industrial manufacturing}, series = {Journal of workplace learning}, volume = {35}, journal = {Journal of workplace learning}, number = {9}, publisher = {Emerald}, address = {Bradford}, issn = {1366-5626}, doi = {10.1108/JWL-09-2022-0119}, pages = {235 -- 258}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate how learning solely via an assistance system influences work performance compared with learning with a combination of an assistance system and additional training. While the training literature has widely emphasised the positive role of on-the-job training, particularly for groups that are often underrepresented in formalised learning situations, organisational studies have stressed the risks that emerge when holistic process knowledge is lacking and how this negatively affects work performance. This study aims at testing these negative effects within an experimental design. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses a laboratory experimental design to investigate how assistance-system-guided learning influences the individuals' work performance and work satisfaction compared with assistance-system-guided learning combined with theoretical learning of holistic process knowledge. Subjects were divided into two groups and assigned to two different settings. In the first setting, the participants used the assistance systems as an orientation and support tool right at the beginning and learned the production steps exclusively in this way. In the second setting, subjects received an additional 10-min introduction (treatment) at the beginning of the experiment, including detailed information regarding the entire work process. Findings This study provides evidence that learners provided with prior process knowledge achieve a better understanding of the work process leading to higher levels of productivity, quality and work satisfaction. At the same time, the authors found evidence for differences among workers' ability to process and apply this additional information. Subjects with lower productivity levels faced more difficulties processing and applying additional process information. Research limitations/implications Methodologically, this study goes beyond existing research on assistance systems by using a laboratory experimental design. Though the external validity of this method is limited by the artificial setting, it is a solid way of studying the impact of different usages of digital assistance systems in terms of training. Further research is required, however, including laboratory experiments with larger case numbers, company-level case studies and analyses of survey data, to further confirm the external validity of the findings of this study for the workplace. Practical implications This study provides some first evidence that holistic process knowledge, even in low-skill tasks, has an added value for the production process. This study contributes to firms' training policies by exploring new, digitalised ways of guided on-the-job training and demonstrates possible training benefits for people with lower levels of (initial) abilities and motivation. Social implications This study indicates the advantage for companies and societies to invest in additional skills and training and points at the limitations of assistance systems. This paper also contributes to training policies by exploring new, digitalised ways of guided on-the-job training and demonstrates possible training benefits for people with lower levels of (initial) abilities and motivation. Originality/value This study extends existing research on digital assistance systems by investigating their role in job-related-training. This paper contributes to labour sociology and organisational research by confirming the importance of holistic process knowledge as opposed to a solely task-oriented digital introduction.}, language = {en} }