@article{KashimaWilliamsEllisonetal.2016,
  author    = {Kashima, Eri and Williams, Daniel and Ellison, T. Mark and Schokkin, Dineke and Escudero, Paola},
  title     = {Uncovering the acoustic vowel space of a previously undescribed language: The vowels of Nambo},
  series = {The journal of the Acoustical Society of America},
  volume    = {139},
  journal   = {The journal of the Acoustical Society of America},
  publisher = {American Institute of Physics},
  address   = {Melville},
  issn      = {0001-4966},
  doi       = {10.1121/1.4954395},
  pages     = {EL252 -- EL256},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {This study presents the first acoustic description of the vowel space of a Papuan language—Nambo, spoken in southern Papua New Guinea—based on duration and first and second formant measurements from 19 adult male and female speakers across three age groups (young, middle-aged, senior). Phonemically, Nambo has six full vowels /i, e, {\ae}, \&\#593;, o, u/ and a reduced vowel tentatively labeled /\&\#601;/. Unlike the full vowels, the quality of /\&\#601;/ showed great variation: seniors' and young females' realizations tended to be more open and retracted than those by young males, while middle-aged speakers' productions fell between these two variants.},
  language  = {en}
}