@phdthesis{Oeztuerk2018,
  author    = {{\"O}zt{\"u}rk, Ugur},
  title     = {Learning more to predict landslides},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42643},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-426439},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xxi, 104},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Landslides are frequent natural hazards in rugged terrain, when the resisting frictional force of the surface of rupture yields to the gravitational force. These forces are functions of geological and morphological factors, such as angle of internal friction, local slope gradient or curvature, which remain static over hundreds of years; whereas more dynamic triggering events, such as rainfall and earthquakes, compromise the force balance by temporarily reducing resisting forces or adding transient loads. This thesis investigates landslide distribution and orientation due to landslide triggers (e.g. rainfall) at different scales (6-4∙10^5 km^2) and aims to link rainfall movement with the landslide distribution. It additionally explores the local impacts of the extreme rainstorms on landsliding and the role of precursory stability conditions that could be induced by an earlier trigger, such as an earthquake. Extreme rainfall is a common landslide trigger. Although several studies assessed rainfall intensity and duration to study the distribution of thus triggered landslides, only a few case studies quantified spatial rainfall patterns (i.e. orographic effect). Quantifying the regional trajectories of extreme rainfall could aid predicting landslide prone regions in Japan. To this end, I combined a non-linear correlation metric, namely event synchronization, and radial statistics to assess the general pattern of extreme rainfall tracks over distances of hundreds of kilometers using satellite based rainfall estimates. Results showed that, although the increase in rainfall intensity and duration positively correlates with landslide occurrence, the trajectories of typhoons and frontal storms were insufficient to explain landslide distribution in Japan. Extreme rainfall trajectories inclined northwestwards and were concentrated along some certain locations, such as coastlines of southern Japan, which was unnoticed in the landslide distribution of about 5000 rainfall-triggered landslides. These landslides seemed to respond to the mean annual rainfall rates. Above mentioned findings suggest further investigation on a more local scale to better understand the mechanistic response of landscape to extreme rainfall in terms of landslides. On May 2016 intense rainfall struck southern Germany triggering high waters and landslides. The highest damage was reported at the Braunsbach, which is located on the tributary-mouth fan formed by the Orlacher Bach. Orlacher Bach is a ~3 km long creek that drains a catchment of about ~6 km^2. I visited this catchment in June 2016 and mapped 48 landslides along the creek. Such high landslide activity was not reported in the nearby catchments within ~3300 km^2, despite similar rainfall intensity and duration based on weather radar estimates. My hypothesis was that several landslides were triggered by rainfall-triggered flash floods that undercut hillslope toes along the Orlacher Bach. I found that morphometric features such as slope and curvature play an important role in landslide distribution on this micro scale study site (<10 km^2). In addition, the high number of landslides along the Orlacher Bach could also be boosted by accumulated damages on hillslopes due karst weathering over longer time scales. Precursory damages on hillslopes could also be induced by past triggering events that effect landscape evolution, but this interaction is hard to assess independently from the latest trigger. For example, an earthquake might influence the evolution of a landscape decades long, besides its direct impacts, such as landslides that follow the earthquake. Here I studied the consequences of the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake (MW 7.1) that triggered some 1500 landslides in an area of ~4000 km^2 in central Kyushu, Japan. Topography, i.e. local slope and curvature, both amplified and attenuated seismic waves, thus controlling the failure mechanism of those landslides (e.g. progressive). I found that topography fails in explaining the distribution and the preferred orientation of the landslides after the earthquake; instead the landslides were concentrated around the northeast of the rupture area and faced mostly normal to the rupture plane. This preferred location of the landslides was dominated mainly by the directivity effect of the strike-slip earthquake, which is the propagation of wave energy along the fault in the rupture direction; whereas amplitude variations of the seismic radiation altered the preferred orientation. I suspect that the earthquake directivity and the asymmetry of seismic radiation damaged hillslopes at those preferred locations increasing landslide susceptibility. Hence a future weak triggering event, e.g. scattered rainfall, could further trigger landslides at those damaged hillslopes.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Zur2018,
  author    = {Zur, Avichai},
  title     = {פרדוקס 'הידיעה והבחירה' במשנת ר' צדוק הכהן מלובלין},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-412201},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {371, xxxiii},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {This research deals with R. Zadok's innovative writings. According to most scholars R. Zadok continues the doctrine of his rabbi R. Mordechai Yosef Leiner of Izbica and introduces existential fatalism: man has the freedom to act against the customary law, according to God's will which is revealed in his heart, even in his passions, which exceed the Halacha; however, man does not determine the will that is revealed in the root of his soul, but only uncovers it. Many expressions, in content and form, of this fatalism can be found in R. Zadok's writings; yet, he also introduces many remarks about human free choice and its creative power to establish and determine man's root and re-establish and influence the Divine worlds and this world. This research focuses on these passages whose centrality has been so far neglected by research. Hence, its renewed understanding of his doctrine. R. Zadok's position can be explained by means of the paradoxical perception, which claims the full strength of the two opposites and even a mutual influence between them, which creates a difficult yet fertile tension: as opposed to the a priori intellectual and formal process of fatalism where Divine Foreknowledge eliminates free choice, R. Zadok introduces fatality which identifies in reality itself the Divine foreknowledge and will that exist in all things. In R. Zadok's fatality, Divine foreknowledge does not eliminate free choice; on the contrary, without Divine foreknowledge, nothing has existence. Therefore, only the existence of Divine foreknowledge within free choice enables its true and indeed free fulfillment. R. Zadok's ontological perception is realized not only in the direct content of his words but also indirectly, in the method of his exegesis and the sense he gives to the concepts he discusses. Therefore the fatality is revealed in other areas in which there is a gap between the absolute dimension ('Yedi'ah') and the contingent dimension ('Bechirah'): the lie, imagination, evil, sin, suffering etc., indeed contingent compared with the absoluteness of truth, good, etc.; however, according to R. Zadok, God wants them as such - that is to say, they have an essential existence and actuality that are not absolute, but rather as such: as contingent, temporary and relative. However, these essential existence and actuality do not confirm them as they are but create a transformation within them. For example, evil does not become absolute good or remains evil but rather turns into 'Very Good' (Tov Me'od) which includes evil and according to Rabbi Zadok is greater than regular good. From this, rises also the opposite influence: that of free choice, or contingent Bechira in general, on Divine Foreknowledge, or absolute Yediah in general. According to R. Zadok, when the contingency and relativity of "Bechirah" received its essential existence and actuality, it has the power so to speak, to add dynamism to the permanent Divine absoluteness of the 'Yedi'ah': the affliction (Nega; נגע) of sin or suffering turns by itself, by interchanging its letters, into pleasure (Oneg; ענג) which is greater than regular delight. Man has the power to influence the upper worlds by decreeing decrees or by canceling Divine decrees; he also has the power to influence the daily novelties of this world, by the novellaes of the Oral Law and the sanctification of the new month which is capable of changing the movement of the zodiac. The human creativity of the novellae of the Oral Law is included in the Divine truth which is hidden in the Written Law and it only reveals and interprets the latter; but on the other hand, according to R. Zadok, the source of the dynamic vital novellaes of the Oral Law is higher than the source of the permanent absoluteness of Written Law and they are those which create and determine the latter. R. Zadok introduces two main concepts for his paradox: On the ontological perception - Yichud Gamur, the Ultimate Unification of God, in which the contingent duality (between God and His creation, and the choice it enables) of the Lower Unification paradoxically exists with the absolute unification and Divine Foreknowledge of the Upper Unification. On the perception of man's existential situation - HaShoresh HaNe'elam, The Hidden Root: unlike Rabbi Mordechai Yosef, his rabbi, rabbi Zadok claims that man determines his destiny by his willful contingent actions - yet, simultaneously, like his rabbi, he also claims that the man's permanent root is determined by God and His Foreknowledge and it is what determines his actions for better or worse. But above these R. Zadok points to an additional Hidden Root which is higher than the permanent one: it is indeed an absolute root (Yediah) yet is determined and established by man's willful actions (Bechira), similar to the Divine creation of 'ex nihilo'.},
  language  = {mul}
}
@phdthesis{Zuba2018,
  author    = {Zuba, Anna},
  title     = {The role of weight stigma and weight bias internalization in psychological functioning among school-aged children},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {146},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Zopfi2018,
  author    = {Zopfi, Stephan},
  title     = {Die t{\"a}gliche Bewegungs- und Sportstunde},
  publisher = {Helyas},
  address   = {Berom{\"u}nster},
  isbn      = {978-3-9524944-1-7},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {185},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Die Gesundheit unserer Jugend ist seit je ein gesellschaftspolitisches Primat und verdient die gr{\"o}sstm{\"o}gliche Beachtung. Ein Teilbereich, n{\"a}mlich Bewegung und Sport, ist in der Schweiz auch aus diesem Grund verfassungsm{\"a}ssig geregelt. S{\"a}mtliche Volksschulen m{\"u}ssen bis ins neunte Schuljahr pro Woche drei Lektionen Bewegung und Sport anbieten.. Als einziges Schulfach geniesst Bewegung und Sport diesen bundesgesetzlichen Support im sonst streng f{\"o}deralistisch organisierten Bildungssystem der Schweiz. Trotz diesen drei verordneten Sportlektionen ist die physische Leistungsf{\"a}higkeit unserer Jugend einhergehend mit gesundheitlichen Parametern seit 1985 r{\"u}ckl{\"a}ufig und seit ein paar Jahren auf tiefem Niveau stagnierend. Zudem berichten Lehrpersonen {\"u}ber sinkende Konzentrationsf{\"a}higkeit in den letzten Jahren. Um eine fl{\"a}chendeckende Verbesserung der Situation zu bewirken, bietet sich die Schule als zentraler Ort der Einflussnahme an. Dies gilt im Besonderen f{\"u}r den Bereich Bewegung und Sport. Im Jahr 2005 wurde das Programm einer t{\"a}glichen Bewegungs- und Sportstunde an der Primarschule in Luzern/Schweiz gestartet. Nach einem kontinuierlichen Ausbau kamen ab 2011 etwas {\"u}ber 1300 Kinder von der ersten bis zur sechsten Klasse in den Genuss dieser t{\"a}glichen Bewegungslektion. Die wissenschaftlichen Untersuchungen in den drei gesellschaftlich hoch relevanten Bereichen der Konzentrationsf{\"a}higkeit, des {\"U}bergewichts und der Gleichgewichtsf{\"a}higkeit ergaben positive Resultate. So konnte die Konzentrationsf{\"a}higkeit - die Basis f{\"u}r erfolgreiches Lernen - signifikant gesteigert werden und teilweise signifikant war die Verbesserung des statischen Gleichgewichts. Ein positiver Trend zeigte sich auch bei der Senkung des Body-Mass-Indexes bei Knaben. Dies konnte bei den M{\"a}dchen nicht nachgewiesen werden. Auch wenn nicht alle Hypothesen vollumf{\"a}nglich best{\"a}tigt werden konnten, gilt es festzuhalten, dass das Projekt der t{\"a}glichen Sport- und Bewegungsstunde die Erwartungen in allen drei Messbereichen erf{\"u}llt hat und die Verbesserungen hinsichtlich der Konzentrationsf{\"a}higkeit, des {\"U}bergewichts und der Gleichgewichtsf{\"a}higkeit mehrheitlich ausgewiesen werden k{\"o}nnen. Es lohnt sich also, die t{\"a}gliche Sport- und Bewegungsstunde an der Primarschule einzuf{\"u}hren und den Pr{\"a}ventionsgedanken auch Taten folgen zu lassen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Zimmermann2018,
  author    = {Zimmermann, Marc},
  title     = {Multifunctional patchy silica particles via microcontact printing},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42773},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-427731},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {IX, 121, xiii},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {This research addressed the question, if it is possible to simplify current microcontact printing systems for the production of anisotropic building blocks or patchy particles, by using common chemicals while still maintaining reproducibility, high precision and tunability of the Janus-balance Chapter 2 introduced the microcontact printing materials as well as their defined electrostatic interactions. In particular polydimethylsiloxane stamps, silica particles and high molecular weight polyethylenimine ink were mainly used in this research. All of these components are commercially available in large quantities and affordable, which gives this approach a huge potential for further up-scaling developments. The benefits of polymeric over molecular inks was described including its flexible influence on the printing pressure. With this alteration of the µCP concept, a new method of solvent assisted particle release mechanism enabled the switch from two-dimensional surface modification to three-dimensional structure printing on colloidal silica particles, without changing printing parameters or starting materials. This effect opened the way to use the internal volume of the achieved patches for incorporation of nano additives, introducing additional physical properties into the patches without alteration of the surface chemistry. The success of this system and its achievable range was further investigated in chapter 3 by giving detailed information about patch geometry parameters including diameter, thickness and yield. For this purpose, silica particles in a size range between 1µm and 5µm were printed with different ink concentrations to change the Janus-balance of these single patched particles. A necessary intermediate step, consisting of air-plasma treatment, for the production of trivalent particles using "sandwich" printing was discovered and comparative studies concerning the patch geometry of single and double patched particles were conducted. Additionally, the usage of structured PDMS stamps during printing was described. These results demonstrate the excellent precision of this approach and opens the pathway for even greater accuracy as further parameters can be finely tuned and investigated, e.g. humidity and temperature during stamp loading. The performance of these synthesized anisotropic colloids was further investigated in chapter 4, starting with behaviour studies in alcoholic and aqueous dispersions. Here, the stability of the applied patches was studied in a broad pH range, discovering a release mechanism by disabling the electrostatic bonding between particle surface and polyelectrolyte ink. Furthermore, the absence of strong attractive forces between divalent particles in water was investigated using XPS measurements. These results lead to the conclusion that the transfer of small PDMS oligomers onto the patch surface is shielding charges, preventing colloidal agglomeration. However, based on this knowledge, further patch modifications for particle self-assembly were introduced including physical approaches using magnetic nano additives, chemical patch functionalization with avidin-biotin or the light responsive cyclodextrin-arylazopyrazoles coupling as well as particle surface modification for the synthesis of highly amphiphilic colloids. The successful coupling, its efficiency, stability and behaviour in different solvents were evaluated to find a suitable coupling system for future assembly experiments. Based on these results the possibility of more sophisticated structures by colloidal self-assembly is given. Certain findings needed further analysis to understand their underlying mechanics, including the relatively broad patch diameter distribution and the decreasing patch thickness for smaller silica particles. Mathematical assumptions for both effects are introduced in chapter 5. First, they demonstrate the connection between the naturally occurring particle size distribution and the broadening of the patch diameter, indicating an even higher precision for this µCP approach. Second, explaining the increase of contact area between particle and ink surface due to higher particle packaging, leading to a decrease in printing pressure for smaller particles. These calculations ultimately lead to the development of a new mechanical microcontact printing approach, using centrifugal forces for high pressure control and excellent parallel alignment of printing substrates. First results with this device and the comparison with previously conducted by-hand experiments conclude this research. It furthermore displays the advantages of such a device for future applications using a mechanical printing approach, especially for accessing even smaller nano particles with great precision and excellent yield. In conclusion, this work demonstrates the successful adjustment of the µCP approach using commercially available and affordable silica particles and polyelectrolytes for high flexibility, reduced costs and higher scale-up value. Furthermore, its was possible to increase the modification potential by introducing three-dimensional patches for additional functionalization volume. While keeping a high colloidal stability, different coupling systems showed the self-assembly capabilities of this toolbox for anisotropic particles.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Zimmermann2018,
  author    = {Zimmermann, Diana},
  title     = {Direkte Arylierung},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {221},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Zhang2018,
  author    = {Zhang, Yunming},
  title     = {Understanding the functional specialization of poly(A) polymerases in Arabidopsis thaliana},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {131},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Zhang2018,
  author    = {Zhang, Quanchao},
  title     = {Shape-memory properties of polymeric micro-scale objects prepared by electrospinning and electrospraying},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xvi, 53},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {The ongoing trend of miniaturizing multifunctional devices, especially for minimally-invasive medical or sensor applications demands new strategies for designing the required functional polymeric micro-components or micro-devices. Here, polymers, which are capable of active movement, when an external stimulus is applied (e.g. shape-memory polymers), are intensively discussed as promising material candidates for realization of multifunctional micro-components. In this context further research activities are needed to gain a better knowledge about the underlying working principles for functionalization of polymeric micro-scale objects with a shape-memory effect. First reports about electrospun solid microfiber scaffolds, demonstrated a much more pronounced shape-memory effect than their bulk counterparts, indicating the high potential of electrospun micro-objects. Based on these initial findings this thesis was aimed at exploring whether the alteration of the geometry of micro-scale electrospun polymeric objects can serve as suitable parameter to tailor their shape-memory properties. The central hypothesis was that different geometries should result in different degrees of macromolecular chain orientation in the polymeric micro-scale objects, which will influence their mechanical properties as well as thermally-induced shape-memory function. As electrospun micro-scale objects, microfiber scaffolds composed of hollow microfibers with different wall thickness and electrosprayed microparticles as well as their magneto-sensitive nanocomposites all prepared from the same polymer exhibiting pronounced bulk shape-memory properties were investigated. For this work a thermoplastic multiblock copolymer, named PDC, with excellent bulk shape-memory properties, associated with crystallizable oligo(ε-caprolactone) (OCL) switching domains, was chosen for the preparation of electrospun micro-scale objects, while crystallizable oligo(p-dioxanone) (OPDO) segments serve as hard domains in PDC. In the first part of the thesis microfiber scaffolds with different microfiber geometries (solid or hollow with different wall thickness) were discussed. Hollow microfiber based PDC scaffolds were prepared by coaxial electrospinning from a 1, 1, 1, 3, 3, 3 hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFP) solution with a polymer concentration of 13\% w·v-1. Here as a first step core-shell fiber scaffolds consisting of microfibers with a PDC shell and sacrificial poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) core are generated. The hollow PDC microfibers were achieved after dissolving the PEG core with water. The utilization of a fixed electrospinning setup and the same polymer concentration of the PDC spinning solution could ensure the fabrication of microfibers with almost identical outer diameters of 1.4 ± 0.3 µm as determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Different hollow microfiber wall thicknesses of 0.5 ± 0.2 and 0.3 ± 0.2 µm (analyzed by SEM) have been realized by variation of the mass flow rate, while solid microfibers were obtained by coaxial electrospinning without supplying any core solution. Differential scanning calorimetry experiments and tensile tests at ambient temperature revealed an increase in degree of OCL crystallinity form χc,OCL = 34 ± 1\% to 43 ± 1\% and a decrease in elongation of break from 800 ± 40\% to 200 ± 50\% associated with an increase in Young´s modulus and failture stress for PDC hollow microfiber scaffolds when compared with soild fibers. The observed effects were enhanced with decreasing wall thickness of the single hollow fibers. The shape-memory properties of the electrospun PDC scaffolds were quantified by cyclic, thermomechanical tensile tests. Here, scaffolds comprising hollow microfibers exhibited lower shape fixity ratios around Rf = 82 ± 1\% and higher shape recovery ratios of Rr = 67 ± 1\% associated to more pronounced relaxation at constant strain during the first test cycle and a lower switching temperature of Tsw = 33 ± 1 °C than the fibrous meshes consisting of solid microfibers. These findings strongly support the central hypothesis that different fiber geometries (solid or hollow with different wall thickness) in electrospun scaffolds result in different degrees of macromolecular chain orientation in the polymeric micro-scale objects, which can be applied as design parameter for tailoring their mechanical and shape-memory properties. The second part of the thesis deals with electrosprayed particulate PDC micro-scale objects. Almost spherical PDC microparticles with diameters of 3.9 ± 0.9 μm (as determined by SEM) were achieved by electrospraying of HFP solution with a polymer concentration of 2\% w·v-1. In contrast, smaller particles with sizes of 400 ± 100 nm or 1.2 ± 0.3 μm were obtained for the magneto-sensitive composite PDC microparticles containing 23 ± 0.5 wt\% superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles (mNPs). All prepared PDC microparticles exhibited a similar overall crystallinity like the PDC bulk material as analyzed by DSC. AFM nanoindentation results revealed no influence of the nanofiller incorporation on the local mechanical properties represented by the reduced modulus determined for pure PDC microparticles and magneto-sensitive composite PDC microparticles with similar diameters around 1.3 µm. It was found that the reduced modulus of the nanocomposite microparticles increased substantially with decreasing particles size from 2.4 ± 0.9 GPa (1.2 µm) to 11.9 ± 3.1 GPa (0.4 µm), which can be related to a higher orientation of the macromolecules at the surface of smaller sized microparticles. The magneto-sensitivity of such nanocomposite microparticles could be demonstrated in two aspects. One was by attracting/collecting the composite micro-objects with an external permanent magnet. The other one was by a inductive heating to 44 ± 1 °C, which is well above the melting transition of the OCL switching domains, when compacted to a 10 x 10 mm2 film with a thickness of 10 µm and exposed to an alternating magnet field with an magnetic field strength of 30 kA·m-1. Both functions are of great relevance for designing next generation drug delivery systems combining targeting and on demand release. By a compression approach shape-memory functionalization of individual microparticles could be realized. Here different programming pressures and compression temperatures were applied. The shape-recovery capability of the programmed PDC microparticles was quantified by online and off-line heating experiments analyzed via microscopy measurement. The obtained shape-memory properties were found to be strongly depending on the applied programming pressure and temperature. The best shape-memory performance with a high shape recovery rate of about Rr = 80±1\% was obtained when a low pressure of 0.2 MPa was applied at 55 °C. Finally, it was demonstrated that PDC microparticles can be utilized as micro building parts for preparation of a macroscopic film with temporary stability by compression of a densely packed array of PDC microparticles at 60 °C followed by subsequent cooling to ambient temperature. This film disintegrates into individual microparticles upon heating to 60 °C. Based on this technology the design of stable macroscopic release systems can be envisioned, which can be easily fixed at the site of treatment (i.e. by suturing) and disintegrate on demand to microparticles facilitating the drug release. In summary, the results of this thesis could confirm the central hypothesis that the variation of the geometry of polymeric micro-objects is a suitable parameter to adjust their shape-memory performance by changing the degree of macromolecular chain orientation in the specimens or by enabling new functions like on demand disintegration. These fundamental findings might be relevant for designing novel miniaturized multifunctional polymer-based devices.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Zastrow2018,
  author    = {Zastrow, Julie-Enni},
  title     = {Die Rolle des Ministerkomitees bei der Umsetzung der Urteile des Europ{\"a}ischen Gerichtshofs f{\"u}r Menschenrechte},
  series = {Schriften zum V{\"o}lkerrecht ; 229},
  journal   = {Schriften zum V{\"o}lkerrecht ; 229},
  publisher = {Duncker \& Humblot},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-428-15435-7},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {193},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Zakarias2018,
  author    = {Zakari{\´a}s, Lilla},
  title     = {Transfer effects after working memory training in post-stroke aphasia},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42360},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-423600},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {178},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Background: Individuals with aphasia after stroke (IWA) often present with working memory (WM) deficits. Research investigating the relationship between WM and language abilities has led to the promising hypothesis that treatments of WM could lead to improvements in language, a phenomenon known as transfer. Although recent treatment protocols have been successful in improving WM, the evidence to date is scarce and the extent to which improvements in trained tasks of WM transfer to untrained memory tasks, spoken sentence comprehension, and functional communication is yet poorly understood. Aims: We aimed at (a) investigating whether WM can be improved through an adaptive n-back training in IWA (Study 1-3); (b) testing whether WM training leads to near transfer to unpracticed WM tasks (Study 1-3), and far transfer to spoken sentence comprehension (Study 1-3), functional communication (Study 2-3), and memory in daily life in IWA (Study 2-3); and (c) evaluating the methodological quality of existing WM treatments in IWA (Study 3). To address these goals, we conducted two empirical studies - a case-controls study with Hungarian speaking IWA (Study 1) and a multiple baseline study with German speaking IWA (Study 2) - and a systematic review (Study 3). Methods: In Study 1 and 2 participants with chronic, post-stroke aphasia performed an adaptive, computerized n-back training. 'Adaptivity' was implemented by adjusting the tasks' difficulty level according to the participants' performance, ensuring that they always practiced at an optimal level of difficulty. To assess the specificity of transfer effects and to better understand the underlying mechanisms of transfer on spoken sentence comprehension, we included an outcome measure testing specific syntactic structures that have been proposed to involve WM processes (e.g., non-canonical structures with varying complexity). Results: We detected a mixed pattern of training and transfer effects across individuals: five participants out of six significantly improved in the n-back training. Our most important finding is that all six participants improved significantly in spoken sentence comprehension (i.e., far transfer effects). In addition, we also found far transfer to functional communication (in two participants out of three in Study 2) and everyday memory functioning (in all three participants in Study 2), and near transfer to unpracticed n-back tasks (in four participants out of six). Pooled data analysis of Study 1 and 2 showed a significant negative relationship between initial spoken sentence comprehension and the amount of improvement in this ability, suggesting that the more severe the participants' spoken sentence comprehension deficit was at the beginning of training, the more they improved after training. Taken together, we detected both near far and transfer effects in our studies, but the effects varied across participants. The systematic review evaluating the methodological quality of existing WM treatments in stroke IWA (Study 3) showed poor internal and external validity across the included 17 studies. Poor internal validity was mainly due to use of inappropriate design, lack of randomization of study phases, lack of blinding of participants and/or assessors, and insufficient sampling. Low external validity was mainly related to incomplete information on the setting, lack of use of appropriate analysis or justification for the suitability of the analysis procedure used, and lack of replication across participants and/or behaviors. Results in terms of WM, spoken sentence comprehension, and reading are promising, but further studies with more rigorous methodology and stronger experimental control are needed to determine the beneficial effects of WM intervention. Conclusions: Results of the empirical studies suggest that WM can be improved with a computerized and adaptive WM training, and improvements can lead to transfer effects to spoken sentence comprehension and functional communication in some individuals with chronic post-stroke aphasia. The fact that improvements were not specific to certain syntactic structures (i.e., non-canonical complex sentences) in spoken sentence comprehension suggest that WM is not involved in the online, automatic processing of syntactic information (i.e., parsing and interpretation), but plays a more general role in the later stage of spoken sentence comprehension (i.e., post-interpretive comprehension). The individual differences in treatment outcomes call for future research to clarify how far these results are generalizable to the population level of IWA. Future studies are needed to identify a few mechanisms that may generalize to at least a subpopulation of IWA as well as to investigate baseline non-linguistic cognitive and language abilities that may play a role in transfer effects and the maintenance of such effects. These may require larger yet homogenous samples.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Xiong2018,
  author    = {Xiong, Tao},
  title     = {Vibrationally resolved absorption, emission, resonance Raman and photoelectron spectra of selected organic molecules, associated radicals and cations},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-418105},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {iv, 100},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Time-dependent correlation function based methods to study optical spectroscopy involving electronic transitions can be traced back to the work of Heller and coworkers. This intuitive methodology can be expected to be computationally efficient and is applied in the current work to study the vibronic absorption, emission, and resonance Raman spectra of selected organic molecules. Besides, the "non-standard" application of this approach to photoionization processes is also explored. The application section consists of four chapters as described below. In Chapter 4, the molar absorptivities and vibronic absorption/emission spectra of perylene and several of its N-substituted derivatives are investigated. By systematically varying the number and position of N atoms, it is shown that the presence of nitrogen heteroatoms has a negligible effect on the molecular structure and geometric distortions upon electronic transitions, while spectral properties are more sensitive: In particular the number of N atoms is important while their position is less decisive. Thus, N-substitution can be used to fine-tune the optical properties of perylene-based molecules. In Chapter 5, the same methods are applied to study the vibronic absorption/emission and resonance Raman spectra of a newly synthesized donor-acceptor type molecule. The simulated absorption/emission spectra agree fairly well with experimental data, with discrepancies being attributed to solvent effects. Possible modes which may dominate the fine-structure in the vibronic spectra are proposed by analyzing the correlation function with the aid of Raman and resonance Raman spectra. In the next two chapters, besides the above types of spectra, the methods are extended to study photoelectron spectra of several small diamondoid-related systems (molecules, radicals, and cations). Comparison of the photoelectron spectra with available experimental data suggests that the correlation function based approach can describe ionization processes reasonably well. Some of these systems, cationic species in particular, exhibit somewhat peculiar optical behavior, which presents them as possible candidates for functional devices. Correlation function based methods in a more general sense can be very versatile. In fact, besides the above radiative processes, formulas for non-radiative processes such as internal conversion have been derived in literature. Further implementation of the available methods is among our next goals.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Wulff2018,
  author    = {Wulff, Alexander},
  title     = {Essays in macroeconomics and financial market imperfections},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42995},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-429956},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {X, 142},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {This dissertation consists of four self-contained papers that deal with the implications of financial market imperfections and heterogeneity. The analysis mainly relates to the class of incomplete-markets models but covers different research topics. The first paper deals with the distributional effects of financial integration for developing countries. Based on a simple heterogeneous-agent approach, it is shown that capital owners experience large welfare losses while only workers moderately gain due to higher wages. The large welfare losses for capital owners contrast with the small average welfare gains from representative-agent economies and indicate that a strong opposition against capital market opening has to be expected. The second paper considers the puzzling observation of capital flows from poor to rich countries and the accompanying changes in domestic economic development. Motivated by the mixed results from the literature, we employ an incomplete-markets model with different types of idiosyncratic risk and borrowing constraints. Based on different scenarios, we analyze under what conditions the presence of financial market imperfections contributes to explain the empirical findings and how the conditions may change with different model assumptions. The third paper deals with the interplay of incomplete information and financial market imperfections in an incomplete-markets economy. In particular, it analyzes the impact of incomplete information about idiosyncratic income shocks on aggregate saving. The results show that the effect of incomplete information is not only quantitatively substantial but also qualitatively ambiguous and varies with the influence of the income risk and the borrowing constraint. Finally, the fourth paper analyzes the influence of different types of fiscal rules on the response of key macroeconomic variables to a government spending shock. We find that a strong temporary increase in public debt contributes to stabilizing consumption and leisure in the first periods following the change in government spending, whereas a non-debt-intensive fiscal rule leads to a faster recovery of consumption, leisure, capital and output in later periods. Regarding optimal debt policy, we find that a debt-intensive fiscal rule leads to the largest aggregate welfare benefit and that the individual welfare gain is particularly high for wealth-poor agents.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Wolf2018,
  author    = {Wolf, Anne-Katrin},
  title     = {Aktivlegitimation im UN-Individualbeschwerdeverfahren},
  series = {Jus internationale et Europaeum ; Band 144},
  journal   = {Jus internationale et Europaeum ; Band 144},
  publisher = {Mohr Siebeck},
  address   = {T{\"u}bingen},
  isbn      = {978-3-16-156408-6},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {XVI, 436},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Anne-Katrin Wolf besch{\"a}ftigt sich mit der Aktivlegitimation im Individualbeschwerdeverfahren der UN-Menschenrechtskonventionen. Sie gibt einerseits eine leitfadenartige {\"U}bersicht zum Zul{\"a}ssigkeitskriterium der Aktivlegitimation. Andererseits zeigt sie, dass die Auslegungspraxis der UN-Aussch{\"u}sse zu dessen Voraussetzungen derzeit an einigen Stellen zu eng gefasst ist, um einen effektiven Menschenrechtsschutz zu gew{\"a}hrleisten. Im Zentrum steht dabei die Kategorisierung der UN-Menschenrechtskonventionen anhand der jeweiligen Regelungsmaterie und die daran ankn{\"u}pfende, unterschiedlich weit reichenden Beschwerdem{\"o}glichkeiten von Individuen und Kollektiven wie Verb{\"a}nden oder Nichtregierungsorganisationen. Sofern eine Ausgestaltung durch die Aussch{\"u}sse selbst noch nicht erfolgt ist oder die Autorin bisher angewendeten Kriterien als defizit{\"a}r bewertet, entwickelt sie Vorschl{\"a}ge zu einer m{\"o}glichen Ausformung des Kriteriums der Aktivlegitimation in der Zusammenschau mit dem jeweiligen Schutzgehalt der Konvention.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Witt2018,
  author    = {Witt, Tanja Ivonne},
  title     = {Camera Monitoring at volcanoes},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-421073},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {viii, 140},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Basaltic fissure eruptions, such as on Hawai'i or on Iceland, are thought to be driven by the lateral propagation of feeder dikes and graben subsidence. Associated solid earth processes, such as deformation and structural development, are well studied by means of geophysical and geodetic technologies. The eruptions themselves, lava fountaining and venting dynamics, in turn, have been much less investigated due to hazardous access, local dimension, fast processes, and resulting poor data availability. This thesis provides a detailed quantitative understanding of the shape and dynamics of lava fountains and the morphological changes at their respective eruption sites. For this purpose, I apply image processing techniques, including drones and fixed installed cameras, to the sequence of frames of video records from two well-known fissure eruptions in Hawai'i and Iceland. This way I extract the dimensions of multiple lava fountains, visible in all frames. By putting these results together and considering the acquisition times of the frames I quantify the variations in height, width and eruption velocity of the lava fountains. Then I analyse these time-series in both time and frequency domains and investigate the similarities and correlations between adjacent lava fountains. Following this procedure, I am able to link the dynamics of the individual lava fountains to physical parameters of the magma transport in the feeder dyke of the fountains. The first case study in this thesis focuses on the March 2011 Pu'u'O'o eruption, Hawai'i, where a continuous pulsating behaviour at all eight lava fountains has been observed. The lava fountains, even those from different parts of the fissure that are closely connected, show a similar frequency content and eruption behaviour. The regular pattern in the heights of lava fountain suggests a controlling process within the magma feeder system like a hydraulic connection in the underlying dyke, affecting or even controlling the pulsating behaviour. The second case study addresses the 2014-2015 Holuhraun fissure eruption, Iceland. In this case, the feeder dyke is highlighted by the surface expressions of graben-like structures and fault systems. At the eruption site, the activity decreases from a continuous line of fire of ~60 vents to a limited number of lava fountains. This can be explained by preferred upwards magma movements through vertical structures of the pre-eruptive morphology. Seismic tremors during the eruption reveal vent opening at the surface and/or pressure changes in the feeder dyke. The evolving topography of the cinder cones during the eruption interacts with the lava fountain behaviour. Local variations in the lava fountain height and width are controlled by the conduit diameter, the depth of the lava pond and the shape of the crater. Modelling of the fountain heights shows that long-term eruption behaviour is controlled mainly by pressure changes in the feeder dyke. This research consists of six chapters with four papers, including two first author and two co-author papers. It establishes a new method to analyse lava fountain dynamics by video monitoring. The comparison with the seismicity, geomorphologic and structural expressions of fissure eruptions shows a complex relationship between focussed flow through dykes, the morphology of the cinder cones, and the lava fountain dynamics at the vents of a fissure eruption.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Winter2018,
  author    = {Winter, Alix},
  title     = {Protektionismus und Freihandel},
  series = {Schriften des Fr{\"u}hneuzeitzentrums Potsdam ; 7},
  journal   = {Schriften des Fr{\"u}hneuzeitzentrums Potsdam ; 7},
  publisher = {V\&R unipress},
  address   = {G{\"o}ttingen},
  isbn      = {978-3-8471-0769-9},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {364},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Ab 1806 versuchte Napoleon {\"u}ber sieben Jahre hinweg, den europ{\"a}ischen Kontinent gegen jegliche Importe aus Großbritannien abzuschotten. Dieses protektionistische Großexperiment l{\"o}ste in der zeitgen{\"o}ssischen Presse intensive Debatten zu wirtschaftstheoretischen Fragen aus: F{\"o}rdert {\"o}konomischer Isolationismus den nationalen Wohlstand? K{\"o}nnen internationale Rechtsregelungen einem Handelskrieg entgegenwirken? Oder werden nationaler Wohlstand und damit globaler Frieden nicht eher durch allgemeinen Freihandel beg{\"u}nstigt? Alix Winter stellt das wirtschaftspolitische Ereignis der Kontinentalsperre als Kristallisationspunkt {\"o}ffentlicher Auseinandersetzungen {\"u}ber {\"o}konomische Grundsatzfragen heraus und identifiziert das fr{\"u}he 19. Jahrhundert als Radikalisierungsphase aufkl{\"a}rerischer liberaler Wirtschaftstheorien.In 1806, Napoleon attempted to seal off the entire European continent from British imports. This ambitious protectionist experiment set off extensive debates about questions of economic theory. Did economic isolation foster the wealth of nations? Could international law prevent the outbreak of a maritime trade war? Or would global free trade promote wealth and peace among all nations? In this book, Alix Winter studies how the continental system served as a focal point for public discussions about fundamental economical questions and how the early nineteenth century witnessed the radicalisation of Enlightenment liberal economic theories.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Winkler2018,
  author    = {Winkler, Katrin},
  title     = {Demokratische Praxis und Pragmatismus},
  series = {B{\"u}rgergesellschaft und Demokratie},
  volume    = {2018},
  journal   = {B{\"u}rgergesellschaft und Demokratie},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  isbn      = {978-3-658-20667-3},
  pages     = {XIII, 405},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Dass sich die repr{\"a}sentative Demokratie in Deutschland im Wandel befindet, ist nicht neu und kaum umstritten. Herausforderungen im Kontext der Partizipation und Repr{\"a}sentation rufen ihrerseits Probleme auf Seiten der Input-Legitimation hervor. Demgem{\"a}ß ist das grundlegende demokratiepolitische Anliegen dieser Arbeit, am Beispiel der Bundes- und Berliner Landesebene darzustellen, wie der repr{\"a}sentative Politikprozess partizipativer und dennoch effektiv gestaltet werden kann. Basierend auf der philosophischen Str{\"o}mung des Pragmatismus verfolgt und diskutiert die Arbeit die Synthese aus der pragmatistischen Demokratiekonzeption von Archon Fung und dem empirischen Forschungsprogramm der kriterienbasierten Evaluation demokratischer Innovationen. Dabei wird das analytische Vorgehen Archon Fungs kritisch erweitert, um dem dieser Arbeit zugrunde liegenden Konzept einer komplexen B{\"u}rgergesellschaft - als normativer und praktischer Bezugspunkt - gerecht zu werden. Fungs Konzept wird demnach um die liberale Sph{\"a}re der {\"O}ffentlichkeit, mithin um die zivilgesellschaftlichen Handlungszusammenh{\"a}nge erg{\"a}nzt. Auf Grundlage der Diskussion von demokratischen Innovationen werden schließlich demokratie- und engagementpolitische Handlungsempfehlungen in der Dimension der Partizipation und in der Dimension der Repr{\"a}sentation formuliert. Mithin verfolgt die Arbeit eine problem- und l{\"o}sungsorientierte Erg{\"a}nzung der repr{\"a}sentativen Demokratie. Gleichwohl ist die Arbeit als eine pragmatistisch angeleitete Konzeptstudie f{\"u}r die Entwicklung einer beteiligungsorientierten Praxis in der repr{\"a}sentativen Demokratie zu verstehen, die trotz ihres theoretischen Charakters ganz im Sinne des Pragmatismus die notwendige empirische Orientierung aufweist. Damit wird das zuweilen problematische Verh{\"a}ltnis zwischen Politischer Theorie und empirischer Demokratieforschung {\"u}berwunden.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Willner2018,
  author    = {Willner, Sven N.},
  title     = {Global economic response to flood damages under climate change},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {v, 247},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Climate change affects societies across the globe in various ways. In addition to gradual changes in temperature and other climatic variables, global warming is likely to increase intensity and frequency of extreme weather events. Beyond biophysical impacts, these also directly affect societal and economic activity. Additionally, indirect effects can occur; spatially, economic losses can spread along global supply-chains; temporally, climate impacts can change the economic development trajectory of countries. This thesis first examines how climate change alters river flood risk and its local socio-economic implications. Then, it studies the global economic response to river floods in particular, and to climate change in general. Changes in high-end river flood risk are calculated for the next three decades on a global scale with high spatial resolution. In order to account for uncertainties, this assessment makes use of an ensemble of climate and hydrological models as well as a river routing model, that is found to perform well regarding peak river discharge. The results show an increase in high-end flood risk in many parts of the world, which require profound adaptation efforts. This pressure to adapt is measured as the enhancement in protection level necessary to stay at historical high-end risk. In developing countries as well as in industrialized regions, a high pressure to adapt is observed - the former to increase low protection levels, the latter to maintain the low risk levels perceived in the past. Further in this thesis, the global agent-based dynamic supply-chain model acclimate is developed. It models the cascading of indirect losses in the global supply network. As an anomaly model its agents - firms and consumers - maximize their profit locally to respond optimally to local perturbations. Incorporating quantities as well as prices on a daily basis, it is suitable to dynamically resolve the impacts of unanticipated climate extremes. The model is further complemented by a static measure, which captures the inter-dependencies between sectors across regions that are only connected indirectly. These higher-order dependencies are shown to be important for a comprehensive assessment of loss-propagation and overall costs of local disasters. In order to study the economic response to river floods, the acclimate model is driven by flood simulations. Within the next two decades, the increase in direct losses can only partially be compensated by market adjustments, and total losses are projected to increase by 17\% without further adaptation efforts. The US and the EU are both shown to receive indirect losses from China, which is strongly affected directly. However, recent trends in the trade relations leave the EU in a better position to compensate for these losses. Finally, this thesis takes a broader perspective when determining the investment response to the climate change damages employing the integrated assessment model DICE. On an optimal economic development path, the increase in damages is anticipated as emissions and consequently temperatures increase. This leads to a significant devaluation of investment returns and the income losses from climate damages almost double. Overall, the results highlight the need to adapt to extreme weather events - local physical adaptation measures have to be combined with regional and global policy measures to prepare the global supply-chain network to climate change.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Westbury2018,
  author    = {Westbury, Michael V.},
  title     = {Unraveling evolution through Next Generation Sequencing},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-409981},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {129},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {The sequencing of the human genome in the early 2000s led to an increased interest in cheap and fast sequencing technologies. This interest culminated in the advent of next generation sequencing (NGS). A number of different NGS platforms have arisen since then all promising to do the same thing, i.e. produce large amounts of genetic information for relatively low costs compared to more traditional methods such as Sanger sequencing. The capabilities of NGS meant that researchers were no longer bound to species for which a lot of previous work had already been done (e.g. model organisms and humans) enabling a shift in research towards more novel and diverse species of interest. This capability has greatly benefitted many fields within the biological sciences, one of which being the field of evolutionary biology. Researchers have begun to move away from the study of laboratory model organisms to wild, natural populations and species which has greatly expanded our knowledge of evolution. NGS boasts a number of benefits over more traditional sequencing approaches. The main benefit comes from the capability to generate information for drastically more loci for a fraction of the cost. This is hugely beneficial to the study of wild animals as, even when large numbers of individuals are unobtainable, the amount of data produced still allows for accurate, reliable population and species level results from a small selection of individuals. The use of NGS to study species for which little to no previous research has been carried out on and the production of novel evolutionary information and reference datasets for the greater scientific community were the focuses of this thesis. Two studies in this thesis focused on producing novel mitochondrial genomes from shotgun sequencing data through iterative mapping, bypassing the need for a close relative to serve as a reference sequence. These mitochondrial genomes were then used to infer species level relationships through phylogenetic analyses. The first of these studies involved reconstructing a complete mitochondrial genome of the bat eared fox (Otocyon megalotis). Phylogenetic analyses of the mitochondrial genome confidently placed the bat eared fox as sister to the clade consisting of the raccoon dog and true foxes within the canidae family. The next study also involved reconstructing a mitochondrial genome but in this case from the extinct Macrauchenia of South America. As this study utilised ancient DNA, it involved a lot of parameter testing, quality controls and strict thresholds to obtain a near complete mitochondrial genome devoid of contamination known to plague ancient DNA studies. Phylogenetic analyses confidently placed Macrauchenia as sister to all living representatives of Perissodactyla with a divergence time of ~66 million years ago. The third and final study of this thesis involved de novo assemblies of both nuclear and mitochondrial genomes from brown and striped hyena and focussed on demographic, genetic diversity and population genomic analyses within the brown hyena. Previous studies of the brown hyena hinted at very low levels of genomic diversity and, perhaps due to this, were unable to find any notable population structure across its range. By incorporating a large number of genetic loci, in the form of complete nuclear genomes, population structure within the brown hyena was uncovered. On top of this, genomic diversity levels were compared to a number of other species. Results showed the brown hyena to have the lowest genomic diversity out of all species included in the study which was perhaps caused by a continuous and ongoing decline in effective population size that started about one million years ago and dramatically accelerated towards the end of the Pleistocene. The studies within this thesis show the power NGS sequencing has and its utility within evolutionary biology. The most notable capabilities outlined in this thesis involve the study of species for which no reference data is available and in the production of large amounts of data, providing evolutionary answers at the species and population level that data produced using more traditional techniques simply could not.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Werner2018,
  author    = {Werner, Peter},
  title     = {Untersuchung stark-streuender Polymersuspensionen mittels optischer Methoden},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {XVIII, 119, XXXV},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Wendi2018,
  author    = {Wendi, Dadiyorto},
  title     = {Recurrence Plots and Quantification Analysis of Flood Runoff Dynamics},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43191},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-431915},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {114},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {This paper introduces a novel measure to assess similarity between event hydrographs. It is based on Cross Recurrence Plots and Recurrence Quantification Analysis which have recently gained attention in a range of disciplines when dealing with complex systems. The method attempts to quantify the event runoff dynamics and is based on the time delay embedded phase space representation of discharge hydrographs. A phase space trajectory is reconstructed from the event hydrograph, and pairs of hydrographs are compared to each other based on the distance of their phase space trajectories. Time delay embedding allows considering the multi-dimensional relationships between different points in time within the event. Hence, the temporal succession of discharge values is taken into account, such as the impact of the initial conditions on the runoff event. We provide an introduction to Cross Recurrence Plots and discuss their parameterization. An application example based on flood time series demonstrates how the method can be used to measure the similarity or dissimilarity of events, and how it can be used to detect events with rare runoff dynamics. It is argued that this methods provides a more comprehensive approach to quantify hydrograph similarity compared to conventional hydrological signatures.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Weiss2018,
  author    = {Weiß, Stefanie},
  title     = {Contribution of bacterially synthesized folate vitamers to folate status and impact on crohn's Disease},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {148},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Weiss2018,
  author    = {Weiß, Katharina},
  title     = {Three Essays on EFRAG},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-415355},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {II, 180},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {This cumulative doctoral thesis consists of three papers that deal with the role of one specific European accounting player in the international accounting standard-setting, namely the European Financial Reporting Advisory Group (EFRAG). The first paper examines whether and how EFRAG generally fulfills its role in articulating Europe's interests toward the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). The qualitative data from the conducted interviews reveal that EFRAG influences the IASB's decision making at a very early stage, long before other constituents are officially asked to comment on the IASB's proposals. The second paper uses quantitative data and investigates the formal participation behavior of European constituents that seek to determine EFRAG's voice. More precisely, this paper analyzes the nature of the constituents' participation in EFRAG's due process in terms of representation (constituent groups and geographical distribution) and the drivers of their participation behavior. EFRAG's official decision making process is dominated by some specific constituent groups (such as preparers and the accounting profession) and by constituents from some specific countries (e.g. those with effective enforcement regimes). The third paper investigates in a first step who of the European constituents choose which lobbying channel (participation only at IASB, only at EFRAG, or at both institutions) and unveils in a second step possible reasons for their lobbying choices. The paper comprises quantitative and qualitative data. It reveals that English skills, time issues, the size of the constituent, and the country of origin are factors that can explain why the majority participates only in the IASB's due process.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Warnke2018,
  author    = {Warnke, Marcus},
  title     = {Logistik und friderizianische Kriegsf{\"u}hrung},
  series = {Quellen und Forschungen zur brandenburgischen und preußischen Geschichte ; Band 50},
  journal   = {Quellen und Forschungen zur brandenburgischen und preußischen Geschichte ; Band 50},
  publisher = {Duncker \& Humblot},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-428-15371-8},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {696},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Das Buch besch{\"a}ftigt sich mit der Frage wie die Versorgung der Streitkr{\"a}fte im 18. Jahrhundert zu deren Kampfkraft sowie zu ihren Erfolgen oder Misserfolgen im Gefecht beitrug und wie dies die Entscheidungs- und Handlungsf{\"a}higkeit der Feldherren beeinflusste. Dargestellt werden diese Aspekte anhand der sehr umfangreichen Fallstudie f{\"u}r das Jahr 1757 w{\"a}hrend des Siebenj{\"a}hrigen Krieges von 1756 bis 1763. Sie bildet den operationsgeschichtlichen Kern des Werkes und zeichnet sich durch ihren komparatistischen Ansatz aus, d.h. die durchg{\"a}ngige Ber{\"u}cksichtigung der Perspektive beider Kriegsparteien. Dem Hauptteil gehen drei weitere Teile voran. Sie widmen sich der historiographischen Aufarbeitung, dem daraus entstandenen Bild der preußischen Kriegsf{\"u}hrung, gehen auf die strukturellen Grundlagen der zeitgen{\"o}ssischen Logistik ein und beleuchten als Vorbereitung f{\"u}r die Fallstudie die Ressourcen im zentralen Operationsraums des Siebenj{\"a}hrigen Krieges, d.h. in Sachsen, Schlesien, B{\"o}hmen und M{\"a}hren.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Warner2018,
  author    = {Warner, Greta J.},
  title     = {Personal initiative in childhood and early adolescence},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {235},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Wang2018,
  author    = {Wang, Li},
  title     = {Reprogrammable, magnetically controlled polymer actuators},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xxviii, 107},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Polymeric materials, which can perform reversible shape changes after programming, in response to a thermal or electrical stimulation, can serve as (soft) actuating components in devices like artificial muscles, photonics, robotics or sensors. Such polymeric actuators can be realized with hydrogels, liquid crystalline elastomers, electro-active polymers or shape-memory polymers by controlling with stumuli such as heat, light, electrostatic or magnetic field. If the application conditions do not allow the direct heating or electric stimulation of these smart devices, noncontact triggering will be required. Remotely controlled actuation have been reported for liquid crystalline elastomer composites or shape-memory polymer network composites, when a persistent external stress is applied during inductive heating in an alternating magnetic field. However such composites cannot meet the demands of applications requiring remotely controlled free-standing motions of the actuating components. The current thesis investigates, whether a reprogrammable remotely controlled soft actuator can be realized by magneto-sensitive multiphase shape-memory copolymer network composites containing magnetite nanoparticles as magneto-sensitive multivalent netpoints. A central hypothesis was that a magnetically controlled two-way (reversible bidirectional) shape-memory effect in such nanocomposites can be achieved without application of external stress (freestanding), when the required orientation of the crystallizable actuation domains (ADs) can be ensured by an internal skeleton like structure formed by a second crystallizable phase determing the samples´s geometry, while magneto-sensitive iron oxide nanoparticles covalently integrated in the ADs allow remote temperature control. The polymer matrix of these composites should exhibit a phase-segregated morphology mainly composed of cyrstallizable ADs, whereby a second set of higher melting crystallites can take a skeleton like, geometry determining function (geometry determining domains, GDs) after programming of the composite and in this way the orientation of the ADs is established and maintained during actuation. The working principle for the reversible bidirectional movements in the multiphase shape-memory polymer network composite is related to a melting-induced contraction (MIC) during inductive heating and the crystallization induced elongation (CIE) of the oriented ADs during cooling. Finally, the amount of multivalent magnetosensitive netpoints in such a material should be as low as possible to ensure an adequate overall elasticity of the nanocomposite and at the same time a complete melting of both ADs and GDs via inductive heating, which is mandatory for enabling reprogrammability. At first, surface decorated iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized and investigated. The coprecipitation method was applied to synthesize magnetic nanoparticles (mNPs) based on magnetite with size of 12±3 nm and in a next step a ring-opening polymerization (ROP) was utilized for covalent surface modification of such mNPs with oligo(ϵ-caprolactone) (OCL) or oligo(ω-pentadecalactone) (OPDL) via the "grafting from" approach. A successful coating of mNPs with OCL and OPDL was confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) experiments showing melting peaks at 52±1 °C for mNP-OCL and 89±1 °C for mNP-OPDL. It was further explored whether two-layered surface decorated mNPs, can be prepared via a second surface-initiated ROP of mNP-OCL or mNP-OPDL with ω-pentadecalactone or ϵ-caprolactone. The observation of two distinct melting transitions in DSC experiments as well as the increase in molecular weight of the detached coatings determined by GPC and 1H-NMR indicated a successful synthesis of the twolayered nanoparticles mNP-OCL-OPDL and mNP-OPDL-OCL. In contrast TEM micrographs revealed a reduction of the thickness of the polymeric coating on the nanoparticles after the second ROP, indicating that the applied synthesis and purification required further optimization. For evaluating the impact of the dispersion of mNPs within a polymer matrix on the resulting inductive heating capability of composites, plain mNPs as well as OCL coated magnetite nanoparticles (mNP-OCLs) were physically incorporated into crosslinked poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) networks. Inductive heating experiments were performed with both networks cPCL/mNP and cPCL/mNP-OCL in an alternating magnetic field (AMF) with a magnetic field strength of H = 30 kA·m-1. Here a bulk temperature of Tbulk = 74±2 °C was achieved for cPCL/mNP-OCL, which was almost 20 °C higher than the melting transition of the PCL-based polymer matrix. In contrast, the composite with plain mNPs could only reach a Tbulk of 48±2 °C, which is not sufficient for a complete melting of all PCL crystallites as required for actuation. The inductive heating capability of a multiphase copolymer nanocomposite network (designed as soft actuators) containing surface decorated mNPs as covalent netpoints was investigated. Such composite was synthesized from star-shaped OCL and OPDL precursors, as well as mNP-OCLs via reaction with HDI. The weight ratio of OPDL and OCL in the starting reaction mixture was 15/85 (wt\%/wt\%) and the amount of iron oxide in the nanocomposite was 4 wt\%. DSC experiments revealed two well separated melting and crystallization peaks confirming the required phase-segregated morphology in the nanocomposite NC-mNP-OCL. TEM images could illustrate a phase-segregated morphology of the polymer matrix on the microlevel with droplet shaped regions attributed to the OPDL domains dispersed in an OCL matrix. The TEM images could further demonstrate that the nanoparticulate netpoints in NC-mNP-OCL were almost homogeneously dispersed within the OCL domains. The tests of the inductive heating capability of the nanocomposites at a magnetic field strength of Hhigh = 11.2 kA·m-1 revealed a achievable plateau surface temperature of Tsurf = 57±1 °C for NC-mNP-OCL recorded by an infrared video camera. An effective heat generation constant (̅P) can be derived from a multi-scale model for the heat generation, which is proportional to the rate of heat generation per unit volume of the sample. NC-mNP-OCL with homogeneously dispersed mNP-OCLs exhibited a ̅P value of 1.04±0.01 K·s- 1 at Hhigh, while at Hreset = 30.0 kA·m-1 a Tsurf of 88±1 °C (where all OPDL related crystallite are molten) and a ̅P value of 1.93±0.02 K·s-1 was obtained indicating a high magnetic heating capability of the composite. The free-standing magnetically-controlled reversible shape-memory effect (mrSME) was explored with originally straight nanocomposite samples programmed by bending to an angle of 180°. By switching the magnetic field on and off the composite sample was allowed to repetitively heat to 60 °C and cool to the ambient temperature. A pronounced mrSME, characterized by changes in bending angle of Δϐrev = 20±3° could be obtained for a composite sample programmed by bending when a magnetic field strength of Hhigh = 11.2 kA·m-1 was applied in a multi-cyclic magnetic bending experiment with 600 heating-cooling cycles it could be shown that the actuation performance did not change with increasing number of test cycles, demonstrating the accuracy and reproducibility of this soft actuator. The degree of actuation as well as the kinetics of the shape changes during heating could be tuned by variation of the magnetic filed strength between Hlow and Hhigh or the magnetic field exposure time. When Hreset = 30.0 kA·m-1 was applied the programmed geometry was erased and the composite sample returned to it´s originally straight shape. The reprogrammability of the nanocomposite actuators was demonstrated by one and the same test specimen first exhibiting reversible angle changes when programmed by bending, secondly reprogrammed to a concertina, which expands upon inductive heating and contracts during cooling and finally reprogrammed to a clip like shape, which closes during cooling and opens when Hhigh was applied. In a next step the applicability of the presented remote controllable shape-memory polymer actuators was demonstrated by repetitive opening and closing of a multiring device prepared from NC-mNP-OCL, which repetitively opens and closes when a alternating magnetic field (Hhigh = 11.2 kA·m-1) was switched on and off. For investigation of the micro- and nanostructural changes related to the actuation of the developed nanocomposite, AFM and WAXS experiments were conducted with programmed nanocomposite samples under cyclic heating and cooling between 25 °C and 60 °C. In AFM experiments the change in the distance (D) between representative droplet-like structures related to the OPDL geometry determining domains was used to calculate the reversible change in D. Here Drev = 3.5±1\% was found for NC-mNP-OCL which was in good agreement with the results of the magneto-mechanical actuation experiments. Finally, the analysis of azimuthal (radial) WAXS scattering profiles could support the oriented crystallization of the OCL actuation domains at 25 °C. In conclusion, the results of this work successfully demonstrated that shape-memory polymer nanocomposites, containing mNPs as magneto-sensitive multifunctional netpoints in a covalently crosslinked multiphase polymer matrix, exhibit magnetically (remotely) controlled actuations upon repetitive exposure to an alternating magnetic field. Furthermore, the (shape) memory of such a nanocomposite can be erased by exposing it to temperatures above the melting temperature of the geometry forming domains, which allows a reprogramming of the actuator. These findings would be relevant for designing novel reprogrammable remotely controllable soft polymeric actuators.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Walther2018,
  author    = {Walther, Sebastian},
  title     = {Funktionalisierung von {\"O}ls{\"a}uremethylester und Alkydharzen f{\"u}r die photoinduzierte radikalische Polymerisation im UV Bereich},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-421467},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {136},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Die vorliegende Arbeit behandelt die Synthese und Charakterisierung von funktionalisierten Alkydharzen und die photoinduzierte Polymerisation dieser unter Einsatz einer Quecksilberdampflampe oder einer UV LED mit unterschiedlicher Lichtintensit{\"a}t. Der Fokus dieser Arbeit bestand in der gezielten Substitution der internalen Doppelbindungen der Fetts{\"a}ureester durch reaktivere Gruppen, wie Acrylate oder Methacrylate, welche f{\"u}r Alkydharze in dieser Form so in der Literatur nicht beschrieben sind. Untersuchungen des Polymerisationsverhaltens dieser funktionalisierten Harze wurden mit der Photo DSC durchgef{\"u}hrt, wobei Bis - (4 - methoxybenzoyl) diethylgermanium als Photoinitiator diente. Die Ergebnisse haben gezeigt, dass die Harze radikalisch polymerisiert werden k{\"o}nnen und eine geringere Abh{\"a}ngigkeit von der Umgebungsatmosph{\"a}re (Luftsauerstoff bzw. Stickstoff) vorliegt. Dies ist so in der Literatur f{\"u}r funktionalisierte Alkydharze nicht bekannt. Abmischungen von unterschiedlichen Monomeren und funktionalisierten Harzen bewirkten eine Steigerung der Viskosit{\"a}t sowie eine Verringerung der Sauerstoffinhibierung im Zuge der photoinduzierten Polymerisation unter Luftsauerstoff f{\"u}r die Quecksilberdampflampe und der UV LED. Zur Untersuchung der sauerstoffinhibierenden Wirkung der Harze sind Synthesen unterschiedlicher, funktionalisierter {\"O}ls{\"a}uremethylester als Modellsubstanzen durchgef{\"u}hrt worden. Ein verbessertes Polymerisationsverhalten und eine geringe Abh{\"a}ngigkeit von der Umgebungsatmosph{\"a}re konnte f{\"u}r die Modelle nachgewiesen werden. Zur Aufkl{\"a}rung des verbesserten Polymerisationsverhaltens sind gezielt Substituenten (Imidazol, Brom, Alkohol, Acetat) in den funktionalisierten {\"O}ls{\"a}uremethylester eingebaut worden, um den Einfluss dieser aufzuzeigen. Im Rahmen dieser Synthesen sind neuartige Strukturen synthetisiert worden, welche so in der Literatur nicht beschrieben sind. Die Gegen{\"u}berstellung der Polymerisationszeit, der Umsatz der (Meth-)Acrylatgruppen sowie die Zeit zum Erreichen der maximalen Polymerisationsgeschwindigkeit unter Verwendung von unterschiedlichen UV Lichtquellen hat einen Einfluss der Substituenten auf das Polymerisationsverhalten gezeigt.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Waizenegger2018,
  author    = {Waizenegger, Julia},
  title     = {Untersuchung der molekularen Toxizit{\"a}t von Pyrrolizidinalkaloiden in der humanen Hepatomzelllinie HepaRG},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {129, XLI},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{vonNordheim2018,
  author    = {von Nordheim, Danny},
  title     = {Dielectric non-linearities of P(VDF-TrFE) single and multilayers for memory applications},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-421778},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {XVI, 109},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)) ferroelectric thin films of different molar ratio have been studied with regard to data memory applications. Therefore, films with thicknesses of 200 nm and less have been spin coated from solution. Observations gained from single layers have been extended to multilayer capacitors and three terminal transistor devices. Besides conventional hysteresis measurements, the measurement of dielectric non-linearities has been used as a main tool of characterisation. Being a very sensitive and non-destructive method, non-linearity measurements are well suited for polarisation readout and property studies. Samples have been excited using a high quality, single-frequency sinusoidal voltage with an amplitude significantly smaller than the coercive field of the samples. The response was then measured at the excitation frequency and its higher harmonics. Using the measurement results, the linear and non-linear dielectric permittivities ɛ₁, ɛ₂ and ɛ₃ have been determined. The permittivities have been used to derive the temperature-dependent polarisation behaviour as well as the polarisation state and the order of the phase transitions. The coercive field in VDF-TrFE copolymers is high if compared to their ceramic competitors. Therefore, the film thickness had to be reduced significantly. Considering a switching voltage of 5 V and a coercive field of 50 MV/m, the film thickness has to be 100 nm and below. If the thickness becomes substantially smaller than the other dimensions, surface and interface layer effects become more pronounced. For thicker films of P(VDF-TrFE) with a molar fraction of 56/44 a second-order phase transition without a thermal hysteresis for an ɛ₁(T) temperature cycle has been predicted and observed. This however, could not be confirmed by the measurements of thinner films. A shift of transition temperatures as well as a temperature independent, non-switchable polarisation and a thermal hysteresis for P(VDF-TrFE) 56/44 have been observed. The impact of static electric fields on the polarisation and the phase transition has therefore been studied and simulated, showing that all aforementioned phenomena including a linear temperature dependence of the polarisation might originate from intrinsic electric fields. In further experiments the knowledge gained from single layer capacitors has been extended to bilayer copolymer thin films of different molar composition. Bilayers have been deposited by succeeding cycles of spin coating from solution. Single layers and their bilayer combination have been studied individually in order to prove the layers stability. The individual layers have been found to be physically stable. But while the bilayers reproduced the main ɛ₁(T) properties of the single layers qualitatively, quantitative numbers could not be explained by a simple serial connection of capacitors. Furthermore, a linear behaviour of the polarisation throughout the measured temperature range has been observed. This was found to match the behaviour predicted considering a constant electric field. Retention time is an important quantity for memory applications. Hence, the retention behaviour of VDF-TrFE copolymer thin films has been determined using dielectric non-linearities. The polarisation loss in P(VDF-TrFE) poled samples has been found to be less than 20\% if recorded over several days. The loss increases significantly if the samples have been poled with lower amplitudes, causing an unsaturated polarisation. The main loss was attributed to injected charges. Additionally, measurements of dielectric non-linearities have been proven to be a sensitive and non-destructive tool to measure the retention behaviour. Finally, a ferroelectric field effect transistor using mainly organic materials (FerrOFET) has been successfully studied. DiNaphtho[2,3-b:2',3'-f]Thieno[3,2-b]Thiophene (DNTT) has proven to be a stable, suitable organic semiconductor to build up ferroelectric memory devices. Furthermore, an oxidised aluminium bottom electrode and additional dielectric layers, i.e. parylene C, have proven to reduce the leakage current and therefore enhance the performance significantly.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{vonKoeckritz2018,
  author    = {von K{\"o}ckritz, Constantin},
  title     = {Die Zul{\"a}ssigkeit von urheberrechtlichen Nutzungsrechtseinr{\"a}umungen durch Allgemeine Gesch{\"a}ftsbedingungen bei sozialen Netzwerken},
  series = {Schriftenreihe Recht der neuen Medien ; 78},
  journal   = {Schriftenreihe Recht der neuen Medien ; 78},
  publisher = {Kovac},
  address   = {Hamburg},
  isbn      = {978-3-339-10458-8},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {240},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Die Nutzung sozialer Netzwerke ist f{\"u}r viele Menschen nicht mehr aus ihrem Alltag wegzudenken. Dies zeigt sich insbesondere an den Nutzerzahlen. Facebook hat beispielsweise mittlerweile mehr als 2,2 Milliarden Nutzer. Zu den wesentlichen Funktionen der sozialen Netzwerke geh{\"o}rt das Teilen von nutzergenerierten Inhalten, die beispielsweise als Fotos oder Videos dem Schutz des Urheberrechtsgesetzes unterfallen k{\"o}nnen. Um diese gesch{\"u}tzten Inhalte darstellen und verbreiten zu k{\"o}nnen, ben{\"o}tigen die sozialen Netzwerke die entsprechenden Nutzungsrechte ihrer Nutzer. Daher finden sich in den Allgemeinen Gesch{\"a}ftsbedingungen verschiedene Regelungen {\"u}ber die Einr{\"a}umung der Rechte, die von den Nutzern in den allermeisten F{\"a}llen jedoch im Zuge der Registrierung ungelesen akzeptiert werden. Im Rahmen der Untersuchung wird gepr{\"u}ft, ob eine Nutzungsrechtseinr{\"a}umung an den urheberrechtlich gesch{\"u}tzten Inhalten der Nutzer durch die Allgemeinen Gesch{\"a}ftsbedingungen der sozialen Netzwerke wirksam ist. Hierf{\"u}r ist insbesondere entscheidend, ob die Rechtsprechung des Bundesgerichtshofs zum fehlenden Leitbildcharakter des {\"U}bertragungszweckgrundsatzes einer Inhaltskontrolle der Allgemeinen Gesch{\"a}ftsbedingungen der sozialen Netzwerke entgegensteht, oder, ob dieser als Maßstab f{\"u}r die Inhaltskontrolle herangezogen werden kann.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{vonKeyserlingkRehbein2018,
  author    = {von Keyserlingk-Rehbein, Linda},
  title     = {Nur eine »ganz kleine Clique«?},
  series = {Schriften der Gedenkst{\"a}tte Deutscher Widerstand. Reihe A: Analysen und Darstellungen ; Band 12},
  journal   = {Schriften der Gedenkst{\"a}tte Deutscher Widerstand. Reihe A: Analysen und Darstellungen ; Band 12},
  publisher = {Lukas},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-86732-303-1},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {707},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Der 20. Juli 1944 z{\"a}hlt zu den Schl{\"u}sselereignissen der deutschen Geschichte des 20. Jahrhunderts. Das missgl{\"u}ckte Attentat von Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg auf Adolf Hitler und der anschließende Umsturzversuch sind zum Symbol des Widerstandes gegen den Natio­nalsozialismus geworden. Von den Ereignissen v{\"o}llig {\"u}berrascht, hatte das NS-Regime in Bezug auf die Gruppe der Verschw{\"o}rer sofort festgelegt, dass in der {\"O}ffentlichkeit nur von einer »ganz kleinen Clique« die Rede sein d{\"u}rfe - eine Formulierung, die mitunter noch heute das Bild des Widerstandskreises pr{\"a}gt. Die vorliegende Analyse zeigt erstmals anhand von zahlreichen Netzwerkvisualisierungen, was die NS-Ermittler tats{\"a}chlich {\"u}ber das große und komplexe zivile und milit{\"a}rische Netzwerk vom 20. Juli 1944 wussten, das so unterschiedliche gesellschaftliche Gruppen umfasste wie Offiziere, Verwaltungsbeamte, Diplomaten, Juristen, Industrielle, Theologen, Gutsbesitzer, Gewerkschafter und Sozialdemokraten. Zeit­gen{\"o}ssische Briefe und Tageb{\"u}cher verdeutlichen schließlich das geschickte Agieren der Verschw{\"o}rer vor und nach dem Umsturzversuch und offenbaren zudem die Fehlerhaftigkeit der NS-Quellen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{vonKapherr2018,
  author    = {von Kap-herr, Katrin},
  title     = {Zeigen und Verbergen},
  publisher = {transcript},
  address   = {Bielefeld},
  isbn      = {978-3-8376-4192-9},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {221},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Obwohl heutige Filme kaum mehr ohne Effekte auskommen, gelten digitale Visual Effects h{\"a}ufig als St{\"o}rfaktor oder bloßes Spektakel. Nur selten werden althergebrachte Diskurse und Vorurteile hinterfragt und Visual Effects oft als lediglich ins Digitale transformierte Effekte gesehen. F{\"u}r einen neuen Zugang zu diesem bisher unterrepr{\"a}sentierten Medienph{\"a}nomen schl{\"a}gt Katrin von Kap-herr die Betrachtung der digitalen Visual Effects unter einem Doppelgestus des gleichzeitigen Zeigens und Verbergens vor. Dies l{\"a}sst eine neue Lesart der Visual Effects zutage treten, welche sich deutlich von den Strategien der analogen Vorg{\"a}nger absetzt. Die Untersuchung schließt damit eine L{\"u}cke f{\"u}r eine deutschsprachige Leserschaft.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Vogel2018,
  author    = {Vogel, Thomas},
  title     = {Model-driven engineering of self-adaptive software},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-409755},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xvi, 357},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {The development of self-adaptive software requires the engineering of an adaptation engine that controls the underlying adaptable software by a feedback loop. State-of-the-art approaches prescribe the feedback loop in terms of numbers, how the activities (e.g., monitor, analyze, plan, and execute (MAPE)) and the knowledge are structured to a feedback loop, and the type of knowledge. Moreover, the feedback loop is usually hidden in the implementation or framework and therefore not visible in the architectural design. Additionally, an adaptation engine often employs runtime models that either represent the adaptable software or capture strategic knowledge such as reconfiguration strategies. State-of-the-art approaches do not systematically address the interplay of such runtime models, which would otherwise allow developers to freely design the entire feedback loop. This thesis presents ExecUtable RuntimE MegAmodels (EUREMA), an integrated model-driven engineering (MDE) solution that rigorously uses models for engineering feedback loops. EUREMA provides a domain-specific modeling language to specify and an interpreter to execute feedback loops. The language allows developers to freely design a feedback loop concerning the activities and runtime models (knowledge) as well as the number of feedback loops. It further supports structuring the feedback loops in the adaptation engine that follows a layered architectural style. Thus, EUREMA makes the feedback loops explicit in the design and enables developers to reason about design decisions. To address the interplay of runtime models, we propose the concept of a runtime megamodel, which is a runtime model that contains other runtime models as well as activities (e.g., MAPE) working on the contained models. This concept is the underlying principle of EUREMA. The resulting EUREMA (mega)models are kept alive at runtime and they are directly executed by the EUREMA interpreter to run the feedback loops. Interpretation provides the flexibility to dynamically adapt a feedback loop. In this context, EUREMA supports engineering self-adaptive software in which feedback loops run independently or in a coordinated fashion within the same layer as well as on top of each other in different layers of the adaptation engine. Moreover, we consider preliminary means to evolve self-adaptive software by providing a maintenance interface to the adaptation engine. This thesis discusses in detail EUREMA by applying it to different scenarios such as single, multiple, and stacked feedback loops for self-repairing and self-optimizing the mRUBiS application. Moreover, it investigates the design and expressiveness of EUREMA, reports on experiments with a running system (mRUBiS) and with alternative solutions, and assesses EUREMA with respect to quality attributes such as performance and scalability. The conducted evaluation provides evidence that EUREMA as an integrated and open MDE approach for engineering self-adaptive software seamlessly integrates the development and runtime environments using the same formalism to specify and execute feedback loops, supports the dynamic adaptation of feedback loops in layered architectures, and achieves an efficient execution of feedback loops by leveraging incrementality.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Vogel2018,
  author    = {Vogel, Stefanie},
  title     = {Sequence dependency of photon and electron induced DNA strand breaks},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-419669},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xii, 117},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the carrier of human genetic information and is exposed to environmental influences such as the ultraviolet (UV) fraction of sunlight every day. The photostability of the DNA against UV light is astonishing. Even if the DNA bases have a strong absorption maximum at around 260 nm/4.77 eV, their quantum yield of photoproducts remains very low 1. If the photon energies exceed the ionization energy (IE) of the nucleobases ( ̴ 8-9 eV) 2, the DNA can be severely damaged. Photoexcitation and -ionization reactions occur, which can induce strand breaks in the DNA. The efficiency of the excitation and ionization induced strand breaks in the target DNA sequences are represented by cross sections. If Si as a substrate material is used in the VUV irradiation experiments, secondary electrons with an energy below 3.6 eV are generated from the substrate. This low energy electrons (LEE) are known to induce dissociative electron attachment (DEA) in DNA and with it DNA strand breakage very efficiently. LEEs play an important role in cancer radiation therapy, since they are generated secondarily along the radiation track of ionizing radiation. In the framework of this thesis, different single stranded DNA sequences were irradiated with 8.44 eV vacuum UV (VUV) light and cross sections for single strand breaks (SSB) were determined. Several sequences were also exposed to secondary LEEs, which additionally contributed to the SSBs. First, the cross sections for SSBs depending on the type of nucleobases were determined. Both types of DNA sequences, mono-nucleobase and mixed sequences showed very similar results upon VUV radiation. The additional influence of secondarily generated LEEs resulted in contrast in a clear trend for the SSB cross sections. In this, the polythymine sequence had the highest cross section for SSBs, which can be explained by strong anionic resonances in this energy range. Furthermore, SSB cross sections were determined as a function of sequence length. This resulted in an increase in the strand breaks to the same extent as the increase in the geometrical cross section. The longest DNA sequence (20 nucleotides) investigated in this series, however, showed smaller cross section values for SSBs, which can be explained by conformational changes in the DNA. Moreover, several DNA sequences that included the radiosensitizers 5-Bromouracil (5BrU) and 8-Bromoadenine (8BrA) were investigated and the corresponding SSB cross sections were determined. It was shown that 5BrU reacts very strongly to VUV radiation leading to high strand break yields, which showed in turn a strong sequence-dependency. 8BrA, on the other hand, showed no sensitization to the applied VUV radiation, since almost no increase in strand breakage yield was observed in comparison to non-modified DNA sequences. In order to be able to identify the mechanisms of radiation damage by photons, the IEs of certain DNA sequences were further explored using photoionization tandem mass spectrometry. By varying the DNA sequence, both the IEs depending on the type of nucleobase as well as on the DNA strand length could be identified and correlated to the SSB cross sections. The influence of the IE on the photoinduced reaction in the brominated DNA sequences could be excluded.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Vladova2018,
  author    = {Vladova, Gergana},
  title     = {Wissensmanagement im Kontext der Interdependenzen zwischen Unternehmenskultur und beruflicher kultureller Pr{\"a}gung},
  publisher = {Gito},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-95545-223-0},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {286},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Neben der vorherrschenden Unternehmenskultur existieren innerhalb der Organisationen unterschiedliche Subkulturen. Eine solche Subkultur - die berufliche - ist im Kontext dieser Arbeit von Bedeutung. Ihr Einfluss auf das Individuum in Form einer sekund{\"a}ren Sozialisation f{\"a}ngt in der Regel noch vor dem Eintritt im Unternehmen an und kann je nach Dauer der Einflussnahme und St{\"a}rke der Unternehmens- und der Subkulturen unterschiedlich sein. Im Mittelpunkt des Buches steht die Untersuchung der Abh{\"a}ngigkeiten zwischen der beruflichen kulturellen Pr{\"a}gung der Mitarbeiter und dem Umgang mit Wissen im Unternehmenskontext. Das Buch bietet einen theoretischen {\"U}berblick {\"u}ber die relevanten Themenfelder, stellt die Entwicklung eines Modells der Interdependenzen zwischen Wissensmanagement, Unternehmenskultur und beruflicher Subkultur vor und diskutiert erste Ergebnisse zur empirischen Untersuchung der Interdependenzen sowie das hierzu entwickelte Instrument.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{VillatoroLeal2018,
  author    = {Villatoro Leal, Jos{\´e} Andr{\´e}s},
  title     = {A combined approach for the analysis of biomolecules using IR-MALDI ion mobility spectrometry and molecular dynamics simulations of peptide ions in the gas phase},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-419723},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {133},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {The aim of this doctoral thesis was to establish a technique for the analysis of biomolecules with infrared matrix-assisted laser dispersion (IR-MALDI) ion mobility (IM) spectrometry. The main components of the work were the characterization of the IR-MALDI process, the development and characterization of different ion mobility spectrometers, the use of IR-MALDI-IM spectrometry as a robust, standalone spectrometer and the development of a collision cross-section estimation approach for peptides based on molecular dynamics and thermodynamic reweighting. First, the IR-MALDI source was studied with atmospheric pressure ion mobility spectrometry and shadowgraphy. It consisted of a metal capillary, at the tip of which a self-renewing droplet of analyte solution was met by an IR laser beam. A relationship between peak shape, ion desolvation, diffusion and extraction pulse delay time (pulse delay) was established. First order desolvation kinetics were observed and related to peak broadening by diffusion, both influenced by the pulse delay. The transport mechanisms in IR-MALDI were then studied by relating different laser impact positions on the droplet surface to the corresponding ion mobility spectra. Two different transport mechanisms were determined: phase explosion due to the laser pulse and electrical transport due to delayed ion extraction. The velocity of the ions stemming from the phase explosion was then measured by ion mobility and shadowgraphy at different time scales and distances from the source capillary, showing an initially very high but rapidly decaying velocity. Finally, the anatomy of the dispersion plume was observed in detail with shadowgraphy and general conclusions over the process were drawn. Understanding the IR-MALDI process enabled the optimization of the different IM spectrometers at atmospheric and reduced pressure (AP and RP, respectively). At reduced pressure, both an AP and an RP IR-MALDI source were used. The influence of the pulsed ion extraction parameters (pulse delay, width and amplitude) on peak shape, resolution and area was systematically studied in both AP and RP IM spectrometers and discussed in the context of the IR-MALDI process. Under RP conditions, the influence of the closing field and of the pressure was also examined for both AP and RP sources. For the AP ionization RP IM spectrometer, the influence of the inlet field (IF) in the source region was also examined. All of these studies led to the determination of the optimal analytical parameters as well as to a better understanding of the initial ion cloud anatomy. The analytical performance of the spectrometer was then studied. Limits of detection (LOD) and linear ranges were determined under static and pulsed ion injection conditions and interpreted in the context of the IR-MALDI mechanism. Applications in the separation of simple mixtures were also illustrated, demonstrating good isomer separation capabilities and the advantages of singly charged peaks. The possibility to couple high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to IR-MALDI-IM spectrometry was also demonstrated. Finally, the reduced pressure spectrometer was used to study the effect of high reduced field strength on the mobility of polyatomic ions in polyatomic gases. The last focus point was on the study of peptide ions. A dataset obtained with electrospray IM spectrometry was characterized and used for the calibration of a collision cross-section (CCS) determination method based on molecular dynamics (MD) simulations at high temperature. Instead of producing candidate structures which are evaluated one by one, this semi-automated method uses the simulation as a whole to determine a single average collision cross-section value by reweighting the CCS of a few representative structures. The method was compared to the intrinsic size parameter (ISP) method and to experimental results. Additional MD data obtained from the simulations was also used to further analyze the peptides and understand the experimental results, an advantage with regard to the ISP method. Finally, the CCS of peptide ions analyzed by IR-MALDI were also evaluated with both ISP and MD methods and the results compared to experiment, resulting in a first validation of the MD method. Thus, this thesis brings together the soft ionization technique that is IR-MALDI, which produces mostly singly charged peaks, with ion mobility spectrometry, which can distinguish between isomers, and a collision cross-section determination method which also provides structural information on the analyte at hand.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Valliappan2018,
  author    = {Valliappan, Senthamizh Pavai},
  title     = {Solar Activity Reconstruction from Historical Observations of Sunspots},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-413600},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {115},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {The solar activity and its consequences affect space weather and Earth's climate. The solar activity exhibits a cyclic behaviour with a period of about 11 years. The solar cycle properties are governed by the dynamo taking place in the interior of the Sun, and they are distinctive. Extending the knowledge about solar cycle properties into the past is essential for understanding the solar dynamo and forecasting space weather. It can be acquired through the analysis of historical sunspot drawings. Sunspots are the dark areas, which are associated with strong magnetic fields, on the solar surface. Sunspots are the oldest and longest available observed features of solar activity. One of the longest available records of sunspot drawings is the collection by Samuel Heinrich Schwabe during 1825-1867. The sunspot sizes measured from digitized Schwabe drawings are not to scale and need to be converted into physical sunspot areas. We employed a statistical approach assuming that the area distribution of sunspots was the same in the 19th century as it was in the 20th century. Umbral areas for about 130 000 sunspots observed by Schwabe were obtained. The annually averaged sunspot areas correlate reasonably well with the sunspot number. Tilt angles and polarity separations of sunspot groups were calculated assuming them to be bipolar. There is, of course, no polarity information in the observations. We derived an average tilt angle by attempting to exclude unipolar groups with a minimum separation of the two surmised polarities and an outlier rejection method, which follows the evolution of each group and detects the moment, when it turns unipolar as it decays. As a result, the tilt angles, although displaying considerable natural scatter, are on average 5.85° ± 0.25°, with the leading polarity located closer to the equator, in good agreement with tilt angles obtained from 20th century data sets. Sources of uncertainties in the tilt angle determination are discussed and need to be addressed whenever different data sets are combined. Digital images of observations printed in the books Rosa Ursina and Prodromus pro sole mobili by Christoph Scheiner, as well as the drawings from Scheiner's letters to Marcus Welser, are analyzed to obtain information on the positions and sizes of sunspots that appeared before the Maunder minimum. In most cases, the given orientation of the ecliptic is used to set up the heliographic coordinate system for the drawings. Positions and sizes are measured manually displaying the drawings on a computer screen. Very early drawings have no indication of the solar orientation. A rotational matching using common spots of adjacent days is used in some cases, while in other cases, the assumption that images were aligned with a zenith-horizon coordinate system appeared to be the most likely. In total, 8167 sunspots were measured. A distribution of sunspot latitudes versus time (butterfly diagram) is obtained for Scheiner's observations. The observations of 1611 are very inaccurate, but the drawings of 1612 have at least an indication of the solar orientation, while the remaining part of the spot positions from 1618-1631 have good to very good accuracy. We also computed 697 tilt angles of apparent bipolar sunspot groups, which were observed in the period 1618-1631. We find that the average tilt angle of nearly 4° does not significantly differ from the 20th century values. The solar cycle properties seem to be related to the tilt angles of sunspot groups, and it is an important parameter in the surface flux transport models. The tilt angles of bipolar sunspot groups from various historical sets of solar drawings including from Schwabe and Scheiner are analyzed. Data by Scheiner, Hevelius, Staudacher, Zucconi, Schwabe, and Spörer deliver a series of average tilt angles spanning a period of 270 years, in addition to previously found values for 20th-century data obtained by other authors. We find that the average tilt angles before the Maunder minimum were not significantly different from modern values. However, the average tilt angles of a period 50 years after the Maunder minimum, namely for cycles 0 and 1, were much lower and near zero. The typical tilt angles before the Maunder minimum suggest that abnormally low tilt angles were not responsible for driving the solar cycle into a grand minimum. With the Schwabe (1826-1867) and Spörer (1866-1880) sunspot data, the butterfly diagram of sunspot groups extends back till 1826. A recently developed method, which separates the wings of the butterfly diagram based on the long gaps present in sunspot group occurrences at different latitudinal bands, is used to separate the wings of the butterfly diagram. The cycle-to-cycle variation in the start (F), end (L), and highest (H) latitudes of the wings with respect to the strength of the wings are analyzed. On the whole, the wings of the stronger cycles tend to start at higher latitudes and have a greater extent. The time spans of the wings and the time difference between the wings in the northern hemisphere display a quasi-periodicity of 5-6 cycles. The average wing overlap is zero in the southern hemisphere, whereas it is 2-3 months in the north. A marginally significant oscillation of about 10 solar cycles is found in the asymmetry of the L latitudes. This latest, extended database of butterfly wings provides new observational constraints, regarding the spatio-temporal distribution of sunspot occurrences over the solar cycle, to solar dynamo models.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Urban2018,
  author    = {Urban, Felix},
  title     = {Delay},
  series = {Wissenschaftliche Beiträge aus dem Tectum-Verlag. Reihe Medienwissenschaften ; 37},
  journal   = {Wissenschaftliche Beiträge aus dem Tectum-Verlag. Reihe Medienwissenschaften ; 37},
  publisher = {Tectum},
  address   = {Baden-Baden},
  isbn      = {978-3-8288-4395-0},
  pages     = {262},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Das Sinnbild »Diabolisches Spiel mit den Zeitmaschinen« spiegelt eine Sicht auf den Musikeffekt »Delay« und seine wechselseitige Beziehung zwischen Technik, Musikproduktion und Rezeption wider. Der durch die beabsichtigte Verz{\"o}gerung eines akustischen Signals erzeugte und h{\"a}ufig als »Echo« beschriebene Effekt kann nicht nur als echo{\"a}hnliche Verz{\"o}gerung, sondern auch in anderen Weisen eingesetzt und vernommen werden. Dies zeigt die Dub-Musik, in der das Delay von der ersten Stunde bis in seine gegenw{\"a}rtige Auspr{\"a}gung zum Stilmerkmal wurde. Lee »Scratch« Perry ist Zeitzeuge und Exponent dieser Entwicklung. Sein Schaffen bildet den geeigneten Anlass, den Zeitgeist des Delay und seine Wahrnehmung als psychoakustischen Effekt zu erforschen. Damit f{\"u}hrt dieses Buch von einer allgemeinen Beschreibung und Neuverortung des Delays in den prominenten Verwendungskontext der Dub-Musik und die Erkundung eines vielschichtigen Bezugskosmos aus Natur, Technik, Religion, Okkultismus und (Musik-)Kultur.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Ullrich2018,
  author    = {Ullrich, Andr{\´e}},
  title     = {Eigenschaften wandlungsf{\"a}higer Systeme},
  publisher = {GITO},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-95545-265-0},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {XIX, 403},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Wandlungsf{\"a}higkeit beschreibt die F{\"a}higkeit eines Systems, proaktiv oder reaktiv Maßnahmen f{\"u}r die Modifikation seiner Eigenschaften schnell und effizient zu entwickeln, umzusetzen und anzuwenden sowie sich proaktiv darauf vorzubereiten, inaktiv zu sein und passiv Einwirkungen aus der Umwelt zu tolerieren. Die Eigenschaften wandlungsf{\"a}higer Systeme werden h{\"a}ufig als Indikatoren (z.B. Modularit{\"a}t, Wissen) verwendet. Dabei existiert eine Vielzahl potenzieller Indikatoren, deren jeweilige Relevanz jedoch ungekl{\"a}rt ist. Hier setzt die Zielstellung der vorliegenden Arbeit an. Das Erkenntnisziel ist die Erkl{\"a}rung der Wandlungsf{\"a}higkeit sozio-technischer Systeme. Zu diesem Zweck wird ein Erkl{\"a}rungsmodell der indikatorbasierten Wandlungsf{\"a}higkeit erstellt, das zum Nachweis von Wandlungsf{\"a}higkeit, zur Bewertung dieser sowie zur Systemanalyse genutzt werden kann. Weiterhin wird exemplarisch eine positive Korrelation von Wandlungsf{\"a}higkeit und Schnelligkeit sowie Effizienz bei Ver{\"a}nderungsprojekten nachgewiesen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Ullmann2018,
  author    = {Ullmann, Wiebke},
  title     = {Understanding animal movement behaviour in dynamic agricultural landscapes},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42715},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-427153},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {vii, 183},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {The movement of organisms has formed our planet like few other processes. Movements shape populations, communities, entire ecosystems, and guarantee fundamental ecosystem functions and services, like seed dispersal and pollination. Global, regional and local anthropogenic impacts influence animal movements across ecosystems all around the world. In particular, land-use modification, like habitat loss and fragmentation disrupt movements between habitats with profound consequences, from increased disease transmissions to reduced species richness and abundance. However, neither the influence of anthropogenic change on animal movement processes nor the resulting effects on ecosystems are well understood. Therefore, we need a coherent understanding of organismal movement processes and their underlying mechanisms to predict and prevent altered animal movements and their consequences for ecosystem functions. In this thesis I aim at understanding the influence of anthropogenically caused land-use change on animal movement processes and their underlying mechanisms. In particular, I am interested in the synergistic influence of large-scale landscape structure and fine-scale habitat features on basic-level movement behaviours (e.g. the daily amount of time spend running, foraging, and resting) and their emerging higher-level movements (home range formation). Based on my findings, I identify the likely consequences of altered animal movements that lead to the loss of species richness and abundances. The study system of my thesis are hares in agricultural landscapes. European brown hares (Lepus europaeus) are perfectly suited to study animal movements in agricultural landscapes, as hares are hermerophiles and prefer open habitats. They have historically thrived in agricultural landscapes, but their numbers are in decline. Agricultural areas are undergoing strong land-use changes due to increasing food demand and fast developing agricultural technologies. They are already the largest land-use class, covering 38\% of the world's terrestrial surface. To consider the relevance of a given landscape structure for animal movement behaviour I selected two differently structured agricultural landscapes - a simple landscape in Northern Germany with large fields and few landscape elements (e.g. hedges and tree stands), and a complex landscape in Southern Germany with small fields and many landscape elements. I applied GPS devices (hourly fixes) with internal high-resolution accelerometers (4 min samples) to track hares, receiving an almost continuous observation of the animals' behaviours via acceleration analyses. I used the spatial and behavioural information in combination with remote sensing data (normalized difference vegetation index, or NDVI, a proxy for resource availability), generating an almost complete idea of what the animal was doing when, why and where. Apart from landscape structure (represented by the two differently structured study areas), I specifically tested whether the following fine-scale habitat features influence animal movements: resource, agricultural management events, habitat diversity, and habitat structure. My results show that, irrespective of the movement process or mechanism and the type of fine-scale habitat features, landscape structure was the overarching variable influencing hare movement behaviour. High resource variability forces hares to enlarge their home ranges, but only in the simple and not in the complex landscape. Agricultural management events result in home range shifts in both landscapes, but force hares to increase their home ranges only in the simple landscape. Also the preference of habitat patches with low vegetation and the avoidance of high vegetation, was stronger in the simple landscape. High and dense crop fields restricted hare movements temporarily to very local and small habitat patch remnants. Such insuperable barriers can separate habitat patches that were previously connected by mobile links. Hence, the transport of nutrients and genetic material is temporarily disrupted. This mechanism is also working on a global scale, as human induced changes from habitat loss and fragmentation to expanding monocultures cause a reduction in animal movements worldwide. The mechanisms behind those findings show that higher-level movements, like increasing home ranges, emerge from underlying basic-level movements, like the behavioural modes. An increasing landscape simplicity first acts on the behavioural modes, i.e. hares run and forage more, but have less time to rest. Hence, the emergence of increased home range sizes in simple landscapes is based on an increased proportion of time running and foraging, largely due to longer travelling times between distant habitats and scarce resource items in the landscape. This relationship was especially strong during the reproductive phase, demonstrating the importance of high-quality habitat for reproduction and the need to keep up self-maintenance first, in low quality areas. These changes in movement behaviour may release a cascade of processes that start with more time being allocated to running and foraging, resulting into an increased energy expenditure and may lead to a decline in individual fitness. A decrease in individual fitness and reproductive output will ultimately affect population viability leading to local extinctions. In conclusion, I show that landscape structure has one of the most important effects on hare movement behaviour. Synergistic effects of landscape structure, and fine-scale habitat features, first affect and modify basic-level movement behaviours, that can scales up to altered higher-level movements and may even lead to the decline of species richness and abundances, and the disruption of ecosystem functions. Understanding the connection between movement mechanisms and processes can help to predict and prevent anthropogenically induced changes in movement behaviour. With regard to the paramount importance of landscape structure, I strongly recommend to decrease the size of agricultural fields and increase crop diversity. On the small-scale, conservation policies should assure the year round provision of areas with low vegetation height and high quality forage. This could be done by generating wildflower strips and additional (semi-) natural habitat patches. This will not only help to increase the populations of European brown hares and other farmland species, but also ensure and protects the continuity of mobile links and their intrinsic value for sustaining important ecosystem functions and services.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{TroegerMueller2018,
  author    = {Tr{\"o}ger-M{\"u}ller, Steffen},
  title     = {Truly sustainable imidazolium ionics},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {158},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Totz2018,
  author    = {Totz, Sonja Juliana},
  title     = {Modeling and data analysis of large-scale atmosphere dynamics associated with extreme weather},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xii, 166},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {In the last decades the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events like heat waves and heavy rainfall have increased and are at least partly linked to global warming. These events can have a strong impact on agricultural and economic production and, thereby, on society. Thus, it is important to improve our understanding of the physical processes leading to those extreme events in order to provide accurate near-term and long-term forecasts. Thermodynamic drivers associated with global warming are well understood, but dynamical aspects of the atmosphere much less so. The dynamical aspects, while less important than the thermodynamic drivers in regards to large-scale and long-time averaged effects, play a critical role in the formation of extremes. The overall aim of this thesis is to improve our understanding of patterns, variability and trends in the global atmospheric circulation under a changing climate. In particular, in this dissertation I developed two new data-driven methods to quantitatively describe the dynamics of jet streams, Hadley cells and storm tracks. In addition, I introduce and validate a new statistical-dynamical atmosphere model that can be used to efficiently model the large-scale circulation. First, I developed a scheme based on the Dijkstra 'shortest-path' algorithm to identify jet stream cores. Using reanalysis data, I found a significant change in jet stream strength and position over the last decades: Specifically, a decrease in wind speeds and a spatial shift toward the poles. This work also shows that the splitting or merging of the polar front jet stream and the subtropical jet stream depends on the season and longitudinal position. In a follow-up study, I analyzed trends in the latitudinal position of the poleward edge of the Hadley cell and subtropical jet stream core for all longitudes. These trends depend strongly on longitude and thus the impacts of tropical expansion might be pronounced in some regions and absent in others. The second approach was to develop an empirical forecast method for European and Mediterranean winter precipitation. This prediction algorithm innovatively incorporates the spatial patterns of predictors in autumn using clustering analyses. I identified the most important precursors (snow cover in Eurasia, Barents and Kara sea ice concentrations as well as sea surface temperature in the Atlantic and Mediterranean region) for the precipitation prediction. This forecast algorithm had higher forecast skills than conventionally employed methods such as Canonical Correlation Analysis or operational systems using climate models. The last approach was to examine the atmospheric circulation using the novel statisticaldynamical atmosphere model Aeolus. First, I validated the model's depiction of the largescale circulation in terms of Hadley circulation, jet streams, storm tracks and planetary waves. To do so, I performed a parameter optimization using simulated annealing. Next, I investigated the sensitivity of the large-scale circulation to three different temperature components: global mean temperature, meridional temperature gradient and zonal temperature gradient. The model experiment showed that the strength of the Hadley cell, storm tracks and jet streams depend almost linearly on both the global mean temperature and the meridional temperature gradient, whereas the zonal temperature gradient is shown to have little or no influence. The magnitude of planetary waves is clearly affected by all three temperature components. Finally, the width of the Hadley cell behaves nonlinearly with respect to all three temperature components. These findings might have profound consequences for climate modeling of the Mediterranean region. The latitudinal poleward trend of the Hadley cell edge position might become stronger under climate change according to the results with Aeolus. These changes would lead to a substantial reduction of the winter precipitation in the Mediterranean region. In this case seasonal empirical forecast methods, like the clustering-based prediction scheme, will play an important role for forecasting seasonal droughts in advance such that water managers and politicians can mitigate impacts.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Tofelde2018,
  author    = {Tofelde, Stefanie},
  title     = {Signals stored in sediment},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42716},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-427168},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {XVII, 172},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Tectonic and climatic boundary conditions determine the amount and the characteristics (size distribution and composition) of sediment that is generated and exported from mountain regions. On millennial timescales, rivers adjust their morphology such that the incoming sediment (Qs,in) can be transported downstream by the available water discharge (Qw). Changes in climatic and tectonic boundary conditions thus trigger an adjustment of the downstream river morphology. Understanding the sensitivity of river morphology to perturbations in boundary conditions is therefore of major importance, for example, for flood assessments, infrastructure and habitats. Although we have a general understanding of how rivers evolve over longer timescales, the prediction of channel response to changes in boundary conditions on a more local scale and over shorter timescales remains a major challenge. To better predict morphological channel evolution, we need to test (i) how channels respond to perturbations in boundary conditions and (ii) how signals reflecting the persisting conditions are preserved in sediment characteristics. This information can then be applied to reconstruct how local river systems have evolved over time. In this thesis, I address those questions by combining targeted field data collection in the Quebrada del Toro (Southern Central Andes of NW Argentina) with cosmogenic nuclide analysis and remote sensing data. In particular, I (1) investigate how information on hillslope processes is preserved in the 10Be concentration (geochemical composition) of fluvial sediments and how those signals are altered during downstream transport. I complement the field-based approach with physical experiments in the laboratory, in which I (2) explore how changes in sediment supply (Qs,in) or water discharge (Qw) generate distinct signals in the amount of sediment discharge at the basin outlet (Qs,out). With the same set of experiments, I (3) study the adjustments of alluvial channel morphology to changes in Qw and Qs,in, with a particular focus in fill-terrace formation. I transfer the findings from the experiments to the field to (4) reconstruct the evolution of a several-hundred meter thick fluvial fill-terrace sequence in the Quebrada del Toro. I create a detailed terrace chronology and perform reconstructions of paleo-Qs and Qw from the terrace deposits. In the following paragraphs, I summarize my findings on each of these four topics. First, I sampled detrital sediment at the outlet of tributaries and along the main stem in the Quebrada del Toro, analyzed their 10Be concentration ([10Be]) and compared the data to a detailed hillslope-process inventory. The often observed non-linear increase in catchment-mean denudation rate (inferred from [10Be] in fluvial sediment) with catchment-median slope, which has commonly been explained by an adjustment in landslide-frequency, coincided with a shift in the main type of hillslope processes. In addition, the [10Be] in fluvial sediments varied with grain-size. I defined the normalized sand-gravel-index (NSGI) as the 10Be-concentration difference between sand and gravel fractions divided by their summed concentrations. The NSGI increased with median catchment slope and coincided with a shift in the prevailing hillslope processes active in the catchments, thus making the NSGI a potential proxy for the evolution of hillslope processes over time from sedimentary deposits. However, the NSGI recorded hillslope-processes less well in regions of reduced hillslope-channel connectivity and, in addition, has the potential to be altered during downstream transport due to lateral sediment input, size-selective sediment transport and abrasion. Second, my physical experiments revealed that sediment discharge at the basin outlet (Qs,out) varied in response to changes in Qs,in or Qw. While changes in Qw caused a distinct signal in Qs,out during the transient adjustment phase of the channel to new boundary conditions, signals related to changes in Qs,in were buffered during the transient phase and likely only become apparent once the channel is adjusted to the new conditions. The temporal buffering is related to the negative feedback between Qs,in and channel-slope adjustments. In addition, I inferred from this result that signals extracted from the geochemical composition of sediments (e.g., [10Be]) are more likely to represent modern-day conditions during times of aggradation, whereas the signal will be temporally buffered due to mixing with older, remobilized sediment during times of channel incision. Third, the same set of experiments revealed that river incision, channel-width narrowing and terrace cutting were initiated by either an increase in Qw, a decrease in Qs,in or a drop in base level. The lag-time between the external perturbation and the terrace cutting determined (1) how well terrace surfaces preserved the channel profile prior to perturbation and (2) the degree of reworking of terrace-surface material. Short lag-times and well preserved profiles occurred in cases with a rapid onset of incision. Also, lag-times were synchronous along the entire channel after upstream perturbations (Qw, Qs,in), whereas base-level fall triggered an upstream migrating knickzone, such that lag-times increased with distance upstream. Terraces formed after upstream perturbations (Qw, Qs,in) were always steeper when compared to the active channel in new equilibrium conditions. In the base-level fall experiment, the slope of the terrace-surfaces and the modern channel were similar. Hence, slope comparisons between the terrace surface and the modern channel can give insights into the mechanism of terrace formation. Fourth, my detailed terrace-formation chronology indicated that cut-and-fill episodes in the Quebrada del Toro followed a ~100-kyr cyclicity, with the oldest terraces ~ 500 kyr old. The terraces were formed due to variability in upstream Qw and Qs. Reconstructions of paleo-Qs over the last 500 kyr, which were restricted to times of sediment deposition, indicated only minor (up to four-fold) variations in paleo-denudation rates. Reconstructions of paleo-Qw were limited to the times around the onset of river incision and revealed enhanced discharge from 10 to 85\% compared to today. Such increases in Qw are in agreement with other quantitative paleo-hydrological reconstructions from the Eastern Andes, but have the advantage of dating further back in time.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{TchoumbaKwamen2018,
  author    = {Tchoumba Kwamen, Christelle Larodia},
  title     = {Investigating the dynamics of polarization reversal in ferroelectric thin films by time-resolved X-ray diffraction},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42781},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-427815},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xvii, 126, xxiii},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Ferroic materials have attracted a lot of attention over the years due to their wide range of applications in sensors, actuators, and memory devices. Their technological applications originate from their unique properties such as ferroelectricity and piezoelectricity. In order to optimize these materials, it is necessary to understand the coupling between their nanoscale structure and transient response, which are related to the atomic structure of the unit cell. In this thesis, synchrotron X-ray diffraction is used to investigate the structure of ferroelectric thin film capacitors during application of a periodic electric field. Combining electrical measurements with time-resolved X-ray diffraction on a working device allows for visualization of the interplay between charge flow and structural motion. This constitutes the core of this work. The first part of this thesis discusses the electrical and structural dynamics of a ferroelectric Pt/Pb(Zr0.2,Ti0.8)O3/SrRuO3 heterostructure during charging, discharging, and polarization reversal. After polarization reversal a non-linear piezoelectric response develops on a much longer time scale than the RC time constant of the device. The reversal process is inhomogeneous and induces a transient disordered domain state. The structural dynamics under sub-coercive field conditions show that this disordered domain state can be remanent and can be erased with an appropriate voltage pulse sequence. The frequency-dependent dynamic characterization of a Pb(Zr0.52,Ti0.48)O3 layer, at the morphotropic phase boundary, shows that at high frequency, the limited domain wall velocity causes a phase lag between the applied field and both the structural and electrical responses. An external modification of the RC time constant of the measurement delays the switching current and widens the electromechanical hysteresis loop while achieving a higher compressive piezoelectric strain within the crystal. In the second part of this thesis, time-resolved reciprocal space maps of multiferroic BiFeO3 thin films were measured to identify the domain structure and investigate the development of an inhomogeneous piezoelectric response during the polarization reversal. The presence of 109° domains is evidenced by the splitting of the Bragg peak. The last part of this work investigates the effect of an optically excited ultrafast strain or heat pulse propagating through a ferroelectric BaTiO3 layer, where we observed an additional current response due to the laser pulse excitation of the metallic bottom electrode of the heterostructure.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Tan2018,
  author    = {Tan, Li},
  title     = {Synthesis, assembly and thermo-responsivity of polymer-functionalized magnetic cobalt nanoparticles},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-418153},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {X, 111},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {This thesis mainly covers the synthesis, surface modification, magnetic-field-induced assembly and thermo-responsive functionalization of superparamagnetic Co NPs initially stabilized by hydrophobic small molecules oleic acid (OA) and trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO), as well as the synthesis of both superparamagnetic and ferromagnetic Co NPs by using end-functionalized-polystyrene as stabilizer. Co NPs, due to their excellent magnetic and catalytic properties, have great potential application in various fields, such as ferrofluids, catalysis, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Superparamagnetic Co NPs are especially interesting, since they exhibit zero coercivity. They get magnetized in an external magnetic field and reach their saturation magnetization rapidly, but no magnetic moment remains after removal of the applied magnetic field. Therefore, they do not agglomerate in the body when they are used in biomedical applications. Normally, decomposition of metallic precursors at high temperature is one of the most important methods in preparation of monodisperse magnetic NPs, providing tunability in size and shape. Hydrophobic ligands like OA, TOPO and oleylamine are often used to both control the growth of NPs and protect them from agglomeration. The as-prepared magnetic NPs can be used in biological applications as long as they are transferred into water. Moreover, their supercrystal assemblies have the potential for high density data storage and electronic devices. In addition to small molecules, polymers can also be used as surfactants for the synthesis of ferromagnetic and superparamagnetic NPs by changing the reaction conditions. Therefore, chapter 2 gives an overview on the basic concept of synthesis, surface modification and self-assembly of magnetic nanoparticles. Various examples were used to illustrate the recent work. The hydrophobic Co NPs synthesized with small molecules as surfactants limit their biological applications, which require a hydrophilic or aqueous environment. Surface modification (e.g., ligand exchange) is a general idea for either phase transition or surface-functionalization. Therefore, in chapter 3, a ligand exchange process was conducted to functionalize the surface of Co NPs. PNIPAM is one of the most popular smart polymers and its lower critical solution temperature (LCST) is around 32 °C, with a reversible change in the conformation structure between hydrophobic and hydrophilic. The novel nanocomposites of superparamagnetic Co NPs and thermo-responsive PNIPAM are of great interest. Thus, well-defined superparamagnetic Co NPs were firstly synthesized through the thermolysis of cobalt carbonyl by using OA and TOPO as surfactants. A functional ATRP initiator, containing an amine (as anchoring group) and a 2-bromopropionate group (SI-ATRP initiator), was used to replace the original ligands. This process is rapid and facial for efficient surface functionalization and afterwards the Co NPs can be dispersed into polar solvent DMF without aggregation. FT-IR spectroscopy showed that the TOPO was completely replaced, but a small amount of OA remained on the surface. A TGA measurement allowed the calculation of the grafting density of the initiator as around 3.2 initiator/nm2. Then, the surface-initiated ATRP was conducted for the polymerization of NIPAM on the surface of Co NPs and rendered the nanocomposites water-dispersible. A temperature-dependent dynamic light scattering study showed the aggregation behavior of PNIPAM-coated Co NPs upon heating and this process was proven to be reversible. The combination of superparamagnetic and thermo-responsive properties in these hybrid nanoparticles is promising for future applications e.g. in biomedicine. In chapter 4, the magnetic-field-induced assembly of superparamagnetic cobalt nanoparticles both on solid substrates and at liquid-air interface was investigated. OA- and TOPO-coated Co NPs were synthesized via the thermolysis of cobalt carbonyl and dispersed into either hexane or toluene. The Co NP dispersion was dropped onto substrates (e.g., TEM grid, silicon wafer) and at liquid-air (water-air or ethylene glycol-air) interface. Due to the attractive dipolar interaction, 1-D chains formed in the presence of an external magnetic field. It is known that the concentration and the strength of the magnetic field can affect the assembly behavior of superparamagnetic Co NPs. Therefore, the influence of these two parameters on the morphology of the assemblies was studied. The formed 1-D chains were shorter and flexible at either lower concentration of the Co NP dispersion or lower strength of the external magnetic field due to thermal fluctuation. However, by increasing either the concentration of the NP dispersion or the strength of the applied magnetic field, these chains became longer, thicker and straighter. The reason could be that a high concentration led to a high fraction of short dipolar chains, and their interaction resulted in longer and thicker chains under applied magnetic field. On the other hand, when the magnetic field increased, the induced moments of the magnetic nanoparticles became larger, which dominated over the thermal fluctuation. Thus, the formed short chains connected to each other and grew in length. Thicker chains were also observed through chain-chain interaction. Furthermore, the induced moments of the NPs tended to direct into one direction with increased magnetic field, thus the chains were straighter. In comparison between the assembly on substrates, at water-air interface and at ethylene glycol-air interface, the assembly of Co NPs in hexane dispersion at ethylene glycol-air interface showed the most regular and homogeneous chain structures due to the better spreading of the dispersion on ethylene glycol subphase than on water subphase and substrates. The magnetic-field-induced assembly of superparamagnetic nanoparticles could provide a powerful approach for applications in data storage and electronic devices. Chapter 5 presented the synthesis of superparamagnetic and ferromagnetic cobalt nanoparticles through a dual-stage thermolysis of cobalt carbonyl (Co2(CO)8) by using polystyrene as surfactant. The amine end-functionalized polystyrene surfactants with different molecular weight were prepared via atom transfer radical polymerization technique. The molecular weight determination of polystyrene was conducted by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-ToF) mass spectrometry techniques. The results showed that, when the molecular weight distribution is low (Mw/Mn < 1.2), the measurement by GPC and MALDI-ToF MS provided nearly similar results. For example, the molecular weight of 10600 Da was obtained by MALDI-ToF MS, while GPC gave 10500 g/mol (Mw/Mn = 1.17). However, if the polymer is poly distributed, MALDI-ToF MS cannot provide an accurate value. This was exemplified for a polymer with a molecular weight of 3130 Da measured by MALDI-TOF MS, while GPC showed 2300 g/mol (Mw/Mn = 1.38). The size, size distribution and magnetic properties of the hybrid particles were different by changing either the molecular weight or concentration of the polymer surfactants. The analysis from TEM characterization showed that the size of cobalt nanoparticles stabilized with polystyrene of lower molecular weight (Mn = 2300 g/mol) varied from 12-22 nm, while the size with middle (Mn = 4500 g/mol) and higher molecular weight (Mn = 10500 g/mol) of polystyrene-coated cobalt nanoparticles showed little change. Magnetic measurements exhibited that the small cobalt particles (12 nm) were superparamagnetic, while larger particles (21 nm) were ferromagnetic and assembled into 1-D chains. The grafting density calculated from thermogravimetric analysis showed that a higher grafting density of polystyrene was obtained with lower molecular weight (Mn = 2300 g/mol) than those with higher molecular weight (Mn = 10500 g/mol). Due to the larger steric hindrance, polystyrene with higher molecular weight cannot form a dense shell on the surface of the nanoparticles, which resulted in a lower grafting density. Wide angle X-ray scattering measurements revealed the epsilon cobalt crystalline phases of both superparamagnetic Co NPs coated with polystyrene (Mn = 2300 g/mol) and ferromagnetic Co NPs coated with polystyrene (Mn = 10500 g/mol). Furthermore, a stability study showed that PS-Co NPs prepared with higher polymer concentration and polymer molecular weight exhibited a better stability.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{SanchezGarcia2018,
  author    = {S{\´a}nchez Garc{\´i}a, Mar{\´i}a Clemencia},
  title     = {El parlache como elemento evocador de la oralidad ficcional en la novela Rosario Tijeras, de Jorge Franco},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-415297},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xxi, 283},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {El objetivo de este trabajo es investigar c{\´o}mo se evoca la realidad del habla en la novela Rosario Tijeras, del colombiano Jorge Franco, y sus traducciones al alem{\´a}n y al ingl{\´e}s. En esta novela negra, el autor recurre a un lenguaje coloquial llamado parlache, t{\´i}pico de un sector socioecon{\´o}mico marginal de Medell{\´i}n, y cuya influencia se ha extendido a todos los {\´a}mbitos de la ciudad y del pa{\´i}s. El estudio se centrar{\´a} en la descripci{\´o}n de la variaci{\´o}n diat{\´o}pica y diastr{\´a}tica en la ficci{\´o}n; concretamente, de las expresiones t{\´i}picas del parlache. Con ello se pretende determinar la contribuci{\´o}n de ciertos recursos ling{\"u}{\´i}sticos t{\´i}picos de esta variedad del espa{\~n}ol a la construcci{\´o}n de un di{\´a}logo hablado veros{\´i}mil. Adem{\´a}s, se estudiar{\´a} c{\´o}mo se reexpresa este «colorido local» en la evocaci{\´o}n de la oralidad en las traducciones. Se intentar{\´a}n determinar, por tanto, las divergencias de traducci{\´o}n y profundizar en la descripci{\´o}n de la variaci{\´o}n ling{\"u}{\´i}stica (diat{\´o}pica y diastr{\´a}tica) en la traducci{\´o}n literaria.},
  language  = {es}
}
@phdthesis{Stoessel2018,
  author    = {St{\"o}ßel, Daniel},
  title     = {Biomarker Discovery in Multiple Sclerosis and Parkinson's disease},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {135},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's (PD) and multiple sclerosis (MS) often result in a severe impairment of the patient´s quality of life. Effective therapies for the treatment are currently not available, which results in a high socio-economic burden. Due to the heterogeneity of the disease subtypes, stratification is particularly difficult in the early phase of the disease and is mainly based on clinical parameters such as neurophysiological tests and central nervous imaging. Due to good accessibility and stability, blood and cerebrospinal fluid metabolite markers could serve as surrogates for neurodegenerative processes. This can lead to an improved mechanistic understanding of these diseases and further be used as "treatment response" biomarkers in preclinical and clinical development programs. Therefore, plasma and CSF metabolite profiles will be identified that allow differentiation of PD from healthy controls, association of PD with dementia (PDD) and differentiation of PD subtypes such as akinetic rigid and tremor dominant PD patients. In addition, plasma metabolites for the diagnosis of primary progressive MS (PPMS) should be investigated and tested for their specificity to relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) and their development during PPMS progression. By applying untargeted high-resolution metabolomics of PD patient samples and in using random forest and partial least square machine learning algorithms, this study identified 20 plasma metabolites and 14 CSF metabolite biomarkers. These differentiate against healthy individuals with an AUC of 0.8 and 0.9 in PD, respectively. We also identify ten PDD specific serum metabolites, which differentiate against healthy individuals and PD patients without dementia with an AUC of 1.0, respectively. Furthermore, 23 akinetic-rigid specific plasma markers were identified, which differentiate against tremor-dominant PD patients with an AUC of 0.94 and against healthy individuals with an AUC of 0.98. These findings also suggest more severe disease pathology in the akinetic-rigid PD than in tremor dominant PD. In the analysis of MS patient samples a partial least square analysis yielded predictive models for the classification of PPMS and resulted in 20 PPMS specific metabolites. In another MS study unknown changes in human metabolism were identified after administration of the multiple sclerosis drug dimethylfumarate, which is used for the treatment of RRMS. These results allow to describe and understand the hitherto completely unknown mechanism of action of this new drug and to use these findings for the further development of new drugs and targets against RRMS. In conclusion, these results have the potential for improved diagnosis of these diseases and improvement of mechanistic understandings, as multiple deregulated pathways were identified. Moreover, novel Dimethylfumarate targets can be used to aid drug development and treatment efficiency. Overall, metabolite profiling in combination with machine learning identified as a promising approach for biomarker discovery and mode of action elucidation.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Strunk2018,
  author    = {Strunk, David},
  title     = {Gewinnung phenolischer Komponenten aus dem Birkenstamm als Rohstoffquelle f{\"u}r die Synthese eines neuen substituierten Phenylmethacrylats und dessen Polymerisation},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-409228},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {VIII, 157},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden Wege zur Gewinnung verschiedener phenolischer Substanzen wie Lignin, Diarylheptanoide und 4-(3-Oxobutyl)phenol (Himbeerketon) aus dem Stamm der H{\"a}ngebirke (Betula pendula) aufgezeigt. Durch Methacrylierung des 4-(3-Oxobutyl)phenols wurde ein Monomer erzeugt, welches mittels freier radikalischer Masse- und L{\"o}sungspolymerisation, sowie enzymatischer Polymerisation polymerisiert werden kann. Eine erste Isolierung von Bestandteilen wurde durch Extraktion von Innenholz bzw. Rinde mit Methanol erzielt. Die in Methanol unl{\"o}slichen Bestandteile des Innenholzes und der Rinde wurden anschließend mit ausgew{\"a}hlten ionischen Fl{\"u}ssigkeiten extrahiert. Es wurde ein Verfahren zum selektiven Trennen der mit diesen ionischen Fl{\"u}ssigkeiten extrahierten Bestandteile in Cellulose, Hemicellulose, Lignin und mit Ethylacetat extrahierbare Bestandteile entwickelt. Hierdurch war es m{\"o}glich, sowohl die verwendeten ionischen Fl{\"u}ssigkeiten als auch das Innenholz und die Rinde hinsichtlich ihres Extraktionsverhaltens miteinander zu vergleichen. Ferner wurden verschiedene Strategien aufgezeigt, um insgesamt drei Spezies an Diarylheptanoiden aus dem methanolischen Extrakt der Rinde zu isolieren. Eines der gefundenen Diarylheptanoide (5 Hydroxy-1,7-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-heptanon) wurde via Retroaldolreaktion in 4 (3 Oxobutyl)phenol (Himbeerketon) und 3 (4 Hydroxyphenyl)propanal gespalten. Es wurde die Verwendung des 4-(3-Oxobutyl)phenol als Monomerbestandteil untersucht. Hierf{\"u}r wurde 4-(3-Oxobutyl)phenylmethacrylat synthetisiert und Wege zur Reinigung mittels S{\"a}ulenchromatographie und Umkristallisation aufgezeigt. Anschließend wurde Poly(4-(3-oxobutyl)phenylmethacrylat) (PObMA) und Polybenzylmethacrylats (PBzMA) aus Massen- und L{\"o}sungspolymerisation hergestellt. Die Ausbeuten an PObpMA im Vergleich zum PBzMA liegen bei gleichen Reaktionsbedingungen auf gleichem Niveau. Im Kontrast hierzu ist der Polymerisationsgrad aus freier radikalischer Polymerisation in Masse des PObpMA im Vergleich zum PBzMA um den Faktor 3,7 gr{\"o}ßer. Die Glas{\"u}bergangstemperaturen des PObpMA liegen bei gleichen Reaktionsbedingungen sowohl bei freier radikalischer Polymerisation in Masse, als auch bei L{\"o}sungspolymerisation {\"u}ber denen des PBzMA. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus wurde die Polymerisation von 4-(3-Oxobutyl)phenylmethacrylat und Benzylmethacrylat mit einem Initiatorsystem bestehend aus Meerrettichperoxidase, Acetylaceton und Wasserstoffperoxid bei Raumtemperatur beschrieben. Die mit enzymatischem Initiatorsystem erzeugten Produkte zeigten starke {\"U}bereinstimmung mit Produkten aus L{\"o}sungspolymerisationen, welche mit Azobis(isobutyronitril) initiiert wurden.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Stolley2018,
  author    = {Stolley, Florian},
  title     = {Four essays on altruism and compliance},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42801},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-428013},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {ix, 129},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {There are numerous situations in which people ask for something or make a request, e.g. asking a favor, asking for help or requesting compliance with specific norms. For this reason, how to ask for something in order to increase people's willingness to fulfill such requests is one of the most important question for many people working in various different fields of responsibility such as charitable giving, marketing, management or policy making. This dissertation consists of four chapters that deal with the effects of small changes in the decision-making environment on altruistic decision-making and compliance behavior. Most notably, written communication as an influencing factor is the focus of the first three chapters. The starting point was the question how to devise a request in order to maximize its chance of success (Chapter 1). The results of the first chapter originate the ideas for the second and third chapter. Chapter 2 analyzes how communication by a neutral third-party, i.e. a text from the experimenters that either reminds potential benefactors of their responsibility or highlights their freedom of choice, affects altruistic decision-making. Chapter 3 elaborates on the effect of thanking people in advance when asking them for help. While being not as closely related to the other chapters as the three first ones are, the fourth chapter deals as well with the question how compliance (here: compliance with norms and rules) is affected by subtle manipulations of the environment in which decisions are made. This chapter analyzes the effect of default settings in a tax return on tax compliance. In order to study the research questions outlined above, controlled experiments were conducted. Chapter 1, which analyzes the effect of text messages on the decision to give something to another person, employs a mini-dictator game. The recipient sends a free-form text message to the dictator before the latter makes a binary decision whether or not to give part of her or his endowment to the recipient. We find that putting effort into the message by writing a long note without spelling mistakes increases dictators' willingness to give. Moreover, writing in a humorous way and mentioning reasons why the money is needed pays off. Furthermore, men and women seem to react differently to some message categories. Only men react positively to efficiency arguments, while only women react to messages that emphasize the dictator's power and responsibility. Building on this last result, Chapter 2 attempts to disentangle the effect of reminding potential benefactors of their responsibility for the potential beneficiary and the effect of highlighting their decision power and freedom of choice on altruistic decision-making by studying the effects of two different texts on giving in a dictator game. We find that only men react positively to a text that stresses their responsibility for the recipient by giving more to her or him, whereas only women seem to react positively to a text that emphasizes their decision power and freedom of choice. Chapter 3 focuses on the compliance with a request. In the experiment, participants are asked to provide a detailed answer to an open question. Compliance is measured by the effort participants spend on answering the question. The treatment variable is whether or not they see the text "thanks in advance." We find that participants react negatively by putting less effort into complying with the request in response to the phrase "thanks in advance." Chapter 4 studies the effect of prefilled tax returns with mostly inaccurate default values on tax compliance. In a laboratory experiment, participants earn income by performing a real-effort task and must subsequently file a tax return for three consecutive rounds. In the main treatment, the tax return is prefilled with a default value, resulting from participants' own performance in previous rounds, which varies in its relative size. The results suggest that there is no lasting effect of a default value on tax honesty, neither for relatively low nor relatively high defaults. However, participants who face a default that is lower than their true income in the first round evade significantly and substantially more taxes in this round than participants in the control treatment without a default.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Stolle2018,
  author    = {Stolle, Amelie},
  title     = {Catastrophic Sediment Pulses in the Pokhara Valley, Nepal},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-413341},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {XVII, 173},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Fluvial terraces, floodplains, and alluvial fans are the main landforms to store sediments and to decouple hillslopes from eroding mountain rivers. Such low-relief landforms are also preferred locations for humans to settle in otherwise steep and poorly accessible terrain. Abundant water and sediment as essential sources for buildings and infrastructure make these areas amenable places to live at. Yet valley floors are also prone to rare and catastrophic sedimentation that can overload river systems by abruptly increasing the volume of sediment supply, thus causing massive floodplain aggradation, lateral channel instability, and increased flooding. Some valley-fill sediments should thus record these catastrophic sediment pulses, allowing insights into their timing, magnitude, and consequences. This thesis pursues this theme and focuses on a prominent ~150 km2 valley fill in the Pokhara Valley just south of the Annapurna Massif in central Nepal. The Pokhara Valley is conspicuously broad and gentle compared to the surrounding dissected mountain terrain, and is filled with locally more than 70 m of clastic debris. The area's main river, Seti Khola, descends from the Annapurna Sabche Cirque at 3500-4500 m asl down to 900 m asl where it incises into this valley fill. Humans began to settle on this extensive fan surface in the 1750's when the Trans-Himalayan trade route connected the Higher Himalayas, passing Pokhara city, with the subtropical lowlands of the Terai. High and unstable river terraces and steep gorges undermined by fast flowing rivers with highly seasonal (monsoon-driven) discharge, a high earthquake risk, and a growing population make the Pokhara Valley an ideal place to study the recent geological and geomorphic history of its sediments and the implication for natural hazard appraisals. The objective of this thesis is to quantify the timing, the sedimentologic and geomorphic processes as well as the fluvial response to a series of strong sediment pulses. I report diagnostic sedimentary archives, lithofacies of the fan terraces, their geochemical provenance, radiocarbon-age dating and the stratigraphic relationship between them. All these various and independent lines of evidence show consistently that multiple sediment pulses filled the Pokhara Valley in medieval times, most likely in connection with, if not triggered by, strong seismic ground shaking. The geomorphic and sedimentary evidence is consistent with catastrophic fluvial aggradation tied to the timing of three medieval Himalayan earthquakes in ~1100, 1255, and 1344 AD. Sediment provenance and calibrated radiocarbon-age data are the key to distinguish three individual sediment pulses, as these are not evident from their sedimentology alone. I explore various measures of adjustment and fluvial response of the river system following these massive aggradation pulses. By using proxies such as net volumetric erosion, incision and erosion rates, clast provenance on active river banks, geomorphic markers such as re-exhumed tree trunks in growth position, and knickpoint locations in tributary valleys, I estimate the response of the river network in the Pokhara Valley to earthquake disturbance over several centuries. Estimates of the removed volumes since catastrophic valley filling began, require average net sediment yields of up to 4200 t km-2 yr-1 since, rates that are consistent with those reported for Himalayan rivers. The lithological composition of active channel-bed load differs from that of local bedrock material, confirming that rivers have adjusted 30-50\% depending on data of different tributary catchments, locally incising with rates of 160-220 mm yr-1. In many tributaries to the Seti Khola, most of the contemporary river loads come from a Higher Himalayan source, thus excluding local hillslopes as sources. This imbalance in sediment provenance emphasizes how the medieval sediment pulses must have rapidly traversed up to 70 km downstream to invade the downstream reaches of the tributaries up to 8 km upstream, thereby blocking the local drainage and thus reinforcing, or locally creating new, floodplain lakes still visible in the landscape today. Understanding the formation, origin, mechanism and geomorphic processes of this valley fill is crucial to understand the landscape evolution and response to catastrophic sediment pulses. Several earthquake-triggered long-runout rock-ice avalanches or catastrophic dam burst in the Higher Himalayas are the only plausible mechanisms to explain both the geomorphic and sedimentary legacy that I document here. In any case, the Pokhara Valley was most likely hit by a cascade of extremely rare processes over some two centuries starting in the early 11th century. Nowhere in the Himalayas do we find valley fills of comparable size and equally well documented depositional history, making the Pokhara Valley one of the most extensively dated valley fill in the Himalayas to date. Judging from the growing record of historic Himalayan earthquakes in Nepal that were traced and dated in fault trenches, this thesis shows that sedimentary archives can be used to directly aid reconstructions and predictions of both earthquake triggers and impacts from a sedimentary-response perspective. The knowledge about the timing, evolution, and response of the Pokhara Valley and its river system to earthquake triggered sediment pulses is important to address the seismic and geomorphic risk for the city of Pokhara. This thesis demonstrates how geomorphic evidence on catastrophic valley infill can help to independently verify paleoseismological fault-trench records and may initiate re-thinking on post-seismic hazard assessments in active mountain regions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Stoll2018,
  author    = {Stoll, Josefine},
  title     = {Gesundheitsmonitoring im Langstreckenmotorsport},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-420880},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {117},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Professionelle GT Langstreckenmotorsportler (Rennfahrer) m{\"u}ssen den hohen motorischen und kognitiven Anspr{\"u}chen ohne Verlust der Performance w{\"a}hrend eines Rennens endgegenwirken k{\"o}nnen. Sie m{\"u}ssen stets, bei hoher Geschwindigkeit fokussiert und konzentriert auf ihr Auto, die Rennstrecke und ihre Gegner reagieren k{\"o}nnen. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus sind Rennfahrer zus{\"a}tzlich durch die notwendige Kommunikation im Auto mit den Ingenieuren und Mechanikern in der Boxengasse gefordert. Daten {\"u}ber die tats{\"a}chliche Beanspruchung und h{\"a}ufig auftretende Beschwerden und/oder Verletzung von Profiathleten liegen kaum vor. F{\"u}r eine m{\"o}glichst gute Performance im Auto w{\"a}hrend eines Rennens ist es notwendige neben der k{\"o}rperlichen Beanspruchung auch die h{\"a}ufigen Krankheitsbilder zu kennen. Auf Basis dessen kann eine optimale Pr{\"a}vention oder notwendige Therapie zur m{\"o}glichst schnellen Reintegration in den Sport abgeleitet und entwickelt werden. Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich durch ein regelm{\"a}ßiges Gesundheitsmonitoring mit der Erfassung h{\"a}ufiger Beschwerden und oder Verletzungen im GT Langestreckenmotorsport zur Ableitung eines pr{\"a}ventiven (trainingstherapeutischen) und therapeutischen Konzeptes. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus, soll {\"u}ber die Einsch{\"a}tzung der k{\"o}rperlichen Leistungsf{\"a}higkeit der Athleten, auf Basis der Beanspruchung im Rennfahrzeug ein m{\"o}gliches Trainingskonzept in Abh{\"a}ngigkeit der Saison entwickelt werden. Insgesamt wurden {\"u}ber 15 Jahre (2003-2017) 37 m{\"a}nnliche Athleten aus dem GT Langstreckenmotorsport 353mal im Rahmen eines Gesundheitsmonitorings untersucht. Dabei wurden Athleten maximal 14 Jahre und mindestens 1 Jahr sportmedizinische betreut. Diese 2x im Jahr stattfindende Untersuchung beinhaltete im Wesentlichen eine sportmedizinische Untersuchung zur Einsch{\"a}tzung der Tauglichkeit f{\"u}r den Sport und die Erfassung der k{\"o}rperlichen Leistungsf{\"a}higkeit. {\"U}ber das Gesundheitsmonitoring hinaus erfolgte die Betreuung zus{\"a}tzlich an der Rennstrecke zur weiteren Erfassung der Beschwerden, Erkrankungen und Verletzungen der Athleten w{\"a}hrend ihrer sportartspezifischen Belastung. Zusammengefasst zeigen die Athleten geringe Pr{\"a}valenzen und Inzidenzen der Krankheitsbilder bzw. Beschwerden. Ein Unterschied der Pr{\"a}valenzen zeigt sich zwischen den Gesundheitsuntersuchungen und der Betreuung an der Rennstrecke. Die h{\"a}ufigsten Beschwerdebilder zeigen sich aus Orthop{\"a}die und Innerer Medizin. So sind Infekte der oberen Atemwege sowie Allergien neben Beschwerden der unteren Extremit{\"a}t und der Wirbels{\"a}ule am h{\"a}ufigsten. Demzufolge werden vorrangig physio- und trainingstherapeutische Konsequenzen abgeleitet. Eine medikament{\"o}se Therapie erfolgt im Wesentlichen w{\"a}hrend der Rennbetreuung. Zur Reduktion der orthop{\"a}dischen und internistischen Beschwerden sollten pr{\"a}ventive Maßnahmen mehr betont werden. Die k{\"o}rperliche Leistungsf{\"a}higkeit zeigt im Wesentlichen {\"u}ber die Untersuchungsjahre eine stabile Performance f{\"u}r die Ausdauer-, Kraft und sensomotorische Leistungsf{\"a}higkeit. Die Ausdauerleistungsf{\"a}higkeit kann in Abh{\"a}ngigkeit der Sportartspezifik mit einer guten bis sehr guten Auspr{\"a}gung definiert werden. Die Kraftleistungsf{\"a}higkeit und die sensomotorische Leistungsf{\"a}higkeit lassen sportartspezifische Unterschiede zu und sollte k{\"o}rpergewichtsbezogen betrachtet werden. Ein sportmedizinisches und trainingstherapeutisches Konzept m{\"u}sste demnach eine regelm{\"a}ßige {\"a}rztlich-medizinische Untersuchung mit dem Fokus der Orthop{\"a}die, Inneren Medizin und Hals- Nasen-Ohren-Kunde beinhalten. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus sollte eine regelm{\"a}ßige Erfassung der k{\"o}rperlichen Leistungsf{\"a}higkeit zur m{\"o}glichst effektiven Ableitung von Trainingsinhalten oder Pr{\"a}ventionsmaßnahmen ber{\"u}cksichtig werden. Auf Grundlage der hohen Reiset{\"a}tigkeit und der ganzj{\"a}hrigen Saison k{\"o}nnte ein 1-2x j{\"a}hrlich stattfindendes Trainingslager, im Sinne eines Grundlagen- und Aufbautrainings zur Optimierung der Leistungsf{\"a}higkeit beitragen, das Konzept komplementieren. Zudem scheint eine {\"a}rztliche Rennbetreuung notwendig.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Stieglmeier2018,
  author    = {Stieglmeier, Henry},
  title     = {Vertragsarbitrage und internationales Privat- und Zivilverfahrensrecht},
  series = {Studien zum vergleichenden Privatrecht / Studies in Comparative Private Law},
  journal   = {Studien zum vergleichenden Privatrecht / Studies in Comparative Private Law},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Duncker \& Humblot},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-428-15298-8},
  issn      = {2567-5427},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {255},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Den Inhalt eines Vertrags m{\"u}ssen die Parteien nicht selbst, sie k{\"o}nnen ihn kraft der ihnen zugewiesenen Privatautonomie durch einen Dritten vervollst{\"a}ndigen oder anpassen lassen. Dieser Mechanismus l{\"a}sst sich zu einer alternativen Streitbeilegungsmethode ausbauen, der »Vertragsarbitrage«. Der Begriff Vertragsarbitrage umfasst die in der Praxis weit verbreiteten »Schiedsgutachten« und »Dispute Adjudication Boards«, ist aber umfassender zu verstehen. Die Bezeichnung soll aufzeigen, dass neben der im Prozessrecht geregelten Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit eine im materiellem Recht verwurzelte alternative Streitbeilegungsmethode existiert, die ebenfalls zu verbindlichen Entscheidungen f{\"u}hrt. {\"U}ber die Untersuchung des deutschen Rechts hinaus wird die Ausgestaltung von Vertragsarbitrageverfahren im englischen und franz{\"o}sischem Recht untersucht. Die so nachgewiesenen Unterschiede der Rechtsordnungen f{\"u}hren zu der sodann untersuchten Frage des anwendbaren Rechts.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Stettner2018,
  author    = {Stettner, Samuel},
  title     = {Exploring the seasonality of rapid Arctic changes from space},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42578},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-425783},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {XIII, 132},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Arctic warming has implications for the functioning of terrestrial Arctic ecosystems, global climate and socioeconomic systems of northern communities. A research gap exists in high spatial resolution monitoring and understanding of the seasonality of permafrost degradation, spring snowmelt and vegetation phenology. This thesis explores the diversity and utility of dense TerraSAR-X (TSX) X-Band time series for monitoring ice-rich riverbank erosion, snowmelt, and phenology of Arctic vegetation at long-term study sites in the central Lena Delta, Russia and on Qikiqtaruk (Herschel Island), Canada. In the thesis the following three research questions are addressed: • Is TSX time series capable of monitoring the dynamics of rapid permafrost degradation in ice-rich permafrost on an intra-seasonal scale and can these datasets in combination with climate data identify the climatic drivers of permafrost degradation? • Can multi-pass and multi-polarized TSX time series adequately monitor seasonal snow cover and snowmelt in small Arctic catchments and how does it perform compared to optical satellite data and field-based measurements? • Do TSX time series reflect the phenology of Arctic vegetation and how does the recorded signal compare to in-situ greenness data from RGB time-lapse camera data and vegetation height from field surveys? To answer the research questions three years of TSX backscatter data from 2013 to 2015 for the Lena Delta study site and from 2015 to 2017 for the Qikiqtaruk study site were used in quantitative and qualitative analysis complimentary with optical satellite data and in-situ time-lapse imagery. The dynamics of intra-seasonal ice-rich riverbank erosion in the central Lena Delta, Russia were quantified using TSX backscatter data at 2.4 m spatial resolution in HH polarization and validated with 0.5 m spatial resolution optical satellite data and field-based time-lapse camera data. Cliff top lines were automatically extracted from TSX intensity images using threshold-based segmentation and vectorization and combined in a geoinformation system with manually digitized cliff top lines from the optical satellite data and rates of erosion extracted from time-lapse cameras. The results suggest that the cliff top eroded at a constant rate throughout the entire erosional season. Linear mixed models confirmed that erosion was coupled with air temperature and precipitation at an annual scale, seasonal fluctuations did not influence 22-day erosion rates. The results highlight the potential of HH polarized X-Band backscatter data for high temporal resolution monitoring of rapid permafrost degradation. The distinct signature of wet snow in backscatter intensity images of TSX data was exploited to generate wet snow cover extent (SCE) maps on Qikiqtaruk at high temporal resolution. TSX SCE showed high similarity to Landsat 8-derived SCE when using cross-polarized VH data. Fractional snow cover (FSC) time series were extracted from TSX and optical SCE and compared to FSC estimations from in-situ time-lapse imagery. The TSX products showed strong agreement with the in-situ data and significantly improved the temporal resolution compared to the Landsat 8 time series. The final combined FSC time series revealed two topography-dependent snowmelt patterns that corresponded to in-situ measurements. Additionally TSX was able to detect snow patches longer in the season than Landsat 8, underlining the advantage of TSX for detection of old snow. The TSX-derived snow information provided valuable insights into snowmelt dynamics on Qikiqtaruk previously not available. The sensitivity of TSX to vegetation structure associated with phenological changes was explored on Qikiqtaruk. Backscatter and coherence time series were compared to greenness data extracted from in-situ digital time-lapse cameras and detailed vegetation parameters on 30 areas of interest. Supporting previous results, vegetation height corresponded to backscatter intensity in co-polarized HH/VV at an incidence angle of 31°. The dry, tall shrub dominated ecological class showed increasing backscatter with increasing greenness when using the cross polarized VH/HH channel at 32° incidence angle. This is likely driven by volume scattering of emerging and expanding leaves. Ecological classes with more prostrate vegetation and higher bare ground contributions showed decreasing backscatter trends over the growing season in the co-polarized VV/HH channels likely a result of surface drying instead of a vegetation structure signal. The results from shrub dominated areas are promising and provide a complementary data source for high temporal monitoring of vegetation phenology. Overall this thesis demonstrates that dense time series of TSX with optical remote sensing and in-situ time-lapse data are complementary and can be used to monitor rapid and seasonal processes in Arctic landscapes at high spatial and temporal resolution.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Stanciu2018,
  author    = {Stanciu, Anja},
  title     = {Alte K{\"a}mpfer der NSDAP},
  series = {Zeithistorische Studien ; 59},
  journal   = {Zeithistorische Studien ; 59},
  publisher = {B{\"o}hlau Verlag},
  address   = {K{\"o}ln},
  isbn      = {978-3-412-50367-3},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {521},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Als „Alte K{\"a}mpfer" galten im Nationalsozialismus alle Personen, die bereits weit vor 1933 der NSDAP beigetreten waren. Sie wurden bislang {\"u}berwiegend als soziale Randexistenzen und Verlierer der Machtergreifung beschrieben. Anja Stanciu zeigt in ihrer Studie am Beispiel der Berliner NSDAP-Stadtverordneten und -Kreisleiter nun, dass etliche Altparteimitglieder nicht nur Wegbereiter, sondern auch wichtige Mitgestalter der NS-Diktatur waren und zur lokalen NS-Funktionselite geh{\"o}rten. Untersucht werden die Lebensl{\"a}ufe und Netzwerke dieser M{\"a}nner zwischen 1926 und 1949. Dabei geht es vor allem um die Frage, wie die Karrieren der „Alten K{\"a}mpfer" und die politische Mobilisierung der Stadtgesellschaft einander bedingten.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Stahl2018,
  author    = {Stahl, Lina Maria},
  title     = {Isolieren - Zerlegen - Stillstellen},
  publisher = {Fink},
  address   = {Paderborn},
  isbn      = {978-3-7705-6326-5},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {207},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Der Anspruch der Biologie, Leben zum Hauptgegenstand zu haben, provoziert Fragen in Anbetracht von Methoden wie der Mikroskopie. Die vorliegende Bild- und Medientheorie der Mikroskopie rekonstruiert und reflektiert biologische Praktiken der Licht- und Elektronenmikroskopie.Dabei geht sie systematisch von der Auswahl der Objekte {\"u}ber die Pr{\"a}paration und Beobachtung bis hin zur Aufzeichnung des Sichtbargemachten in Form von Zeichnung, Fotografie oder Datenbild unter Einbeziehung von historischem Material vor. Die umfassende Untersuchung des Bildgebungsprozesses, seiner medialen Bedingungen sowie technischen und methodologischen Grundlagen zeigt, dass die mikroskopische Beobachtung kein passiver oder rein rezeptiver Vorgang, sondern von Beginn an in die Darstellung des Beobachteten involviert ist - bis zu einem Grad, in dem sich Beobachtung als sch{\"a}digender Eingriff erweisen kann. Das Buch wirft somit zugleich epistemologische wie wissenschaftstheoretische Fragen auf.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Sohnemann2018,
  author    = {Sohnemann, Jasmin},
  title     = {Arnold Zweig und Stefan Zweig in der Zwischenkriegszeit},
  series = {Berliner Beitr{\"a}ge zur Literatur- und Kulturgeschichte ; 22},
  journal   = {Berliner Beitr{\"a}ge zur Literatur- und Kulturgeschichte ; 22},
  publisher = {Lang},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-631-74696-7},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {476},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Arnold und Stefan Zweig sahen sich als „geistige F{\"u}hrer", gelten aber, bis auf ihr Interesse an der Psychoanalyse, als sehr verschieden. Die Auswertung ihrer Publizistik - darunter viele unbekannte Texte - zeigt erstmals systematisch, wie sie sich an Debatten der Zwischenkriegszeit beteiligten. Die Autorin pr{\"u}ft Aussagen {\"u}ber Demokratie, Sozialismus, Nationalismus, Europa, Pazifismus, die UdSSR, ihr j{\"u}disches Erbe, Zionismus und Antisemitismus. Die Zweigs erscheinen als unabh{\"a}ngige Zeitkritiker, die oft {\"u}bereinstimmend und wegweisend urteilten. Ihre unver{\"o}ffentlichten Briefe (1919-1940) bieten Einblick in diese kaum bekannte Beziehung. Die Studie stellt in der Germanistik verbreitete Zweig-Bilder infrage, die wesentlich durch den Kalten Krieg beeinflusst wurden.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Smith2018,
  author    = {Smith, Taylor},
  title     = {Decadal changes in the snow regime of High Mountain Asia, 1987-2016},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-407120},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xiii, 142},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {More than a billion people rely on water from rivers sourced in High Mountain Asia (HMA), a significant portion of which is derived from snow and glacier melt. Rural communities are heavily dependent on the consistency of runoff, and are highly vulnerable to shifts in their local environment brought on by climate change. Despite this dependence, the impacts of climate change in HMA remain poorly constrained due to poor process understanding, complex terrain, and insufficiently dense in-situ measurements. HMA's glaciers contain more frozen water than any region outside of the poles. Their extensive retreat is a highly visible and much studied marker of regional and global climate change. However, in many catchments, snow and snowmelt represent a much larger fraction of the yearly water budget than glacial meltwaters. Despite their importance, climate-related changes in HMA's snow resources have not been well studied. Changes in the volume and distribution of snowpack have complex and extensive impacts on both local and global climates. Eurasian snow cover has been shown to impact the strength and direction of the Indian Summer Monsoon -- which is responsible for much of the precipitation over the Indian Subcontinent -- by modulating earth-surface heating. Shifts in the timing of snowmelt have been shown to limit the productivity of major rangelands, reduce streamflow, modify sediment transport, and impact the spread of vector-borne diseases. However, a large-scale regional study of climate impacts on snow resources had yet to be undertaken. Passive Microwave (PM) remote sensing is a well-established empirical method of studying snow resources over large areas. Since 1987, there have been consistent daily global PM measurements which can be used to derive an estimate of snow depth, and hence snow-water equivalent (SWE) -- the amount of water stored in snowpack. The SWE estimation algorithms were originally developed for flat and even terrain -- such as the Russian and Canadian Arctic -- and have rarely been used in complex terrain such as HMA. This dissertation first examines factors present in HMA that could impact the reliability of SWE estimates. Forest cover, absolute snow depth, long-term average wind speeds, and hillslope angle were found to be the strongest controls on SWE measurement reliability. While forest density and snow depth are factors accounted for in modern SWE retrieval algorithms, wind speed and hillslope angle are not. Despite uncertainty in absolute SWE measurements and differences in the magnitude of SWE retrievals between sensors, single-instrument SWE time series were found to be internally consistent and suitable for trend analysis. Building on this finding, this dissertation tracks changes in SWE across HMA using a statistical decomposition technique. An aggregate decrease in SWE was found (10.6 mm/yr), despite large spatial and seasonal heterogeneities. Winter SWE increased in almost half of HMA, despite general negative trends throughout the rest of the year. The elevation distribution of these negative trends indicates that while changes in SWE have likely impacted glaciers in the region, climate change impacts on these two pieces of the cryosphere are somewhat distinct. Following the discussion of relative changes in SWE, this dissertation explores changes in the timing of the snowmelt season in HMA using a newly developed algorithm. The algorithm is shown to accurately track the onset and end of the snowmelt season (70\% within 5 days of a control dataset, 89\% within 10). Using a 29-year time series, changes in the onset, end, and duration of snowmelt are examined. While nearly the entirety of HMA has experienced an earlier end to the snowmelt season, large regions of HMA have seen a later start to the snowmelt season. Snowmelt periods have also decreased in almost all of HMA, indicating that the snowmelt season is generally shortening and ending earlier across HMA. By examining shifts in both the spatio-temporal distribution of SWE and the timing of the snowmelt season across HMA, we provide a detailed accounting of changes in HMA's snow resources. The overall trend in HMA is towards less SWE storage and a shorter snowmelt season. However, long-term and regional trends conceal distinct seasonal, temporal, and spatial heterogeneity, indicating that changes in snow resources are strongly controlled by local climate and topography, and that inter-annual variability plays a significant role in HMA's snow regime.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Sixtus2018,
  author    = {Sixtus, Elena},
  title     = {Subtle fingers - tangible numbers: The influence of finger counting experience on mental number representations},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-420115},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {vi, 138},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Numbers are omnipresent in daily life. They vary in display format and in their meaning so that it does not seem self-evident that our brains process them more or less easily and flexibly. The present thesis addresses mental number representations in general, and specifically the impact of finger counting on mental number representations. Finger postures that result from finger counting experience are one of many ways to convey numerical information. They are, however, probably the one where the numerical content becomes most tangible. By investigating the role of fingers in adults' mental number representations the four presented studies also tested the Embodied Cognition hypothesis which predicts that bodily experience (e.g., finger counting) during concept acquisition (e.g., number concepts) stays an immanent part of these concepts. The studies focussed on different aspects of finger counting experience. First, consistency and further details of spontaneously used finger configurations were investigated when participants repeatedly produced finger postures according to specific numbers (Study 1). Furthermore, finger counting postures (Study 2), different finger configurations (Study 2 and 4), finger movements (Study 3), and tactile finger perception (Study 4) were investigated regarding their capability to affect number processing. Results indicated that active production of finger counting postures and single finger movements as well as passive perception of tactile stimulation of specific fingers co-activated associated number knowledge and facilitated responses towards corresponding magnitudes and number symbols. Overall, finger counting experience was reflected in specific effects in mental number processing of adult participants. This indicates that finger counting experience is an immanent part of mental number representations. Findings are discussed in the light of a novel model. The MASC (Model of Analogue and Symbolic Codes) combines and extends two established models of number and magnitude processing. Especially a symbolic motor code is introduced as an essential part of the model. It comprises canonical finger postures (i.e., postures that are habitually used to represent numbers) and finger-number associations. The present findings indicate that finger counting functions both as a sensorimotor magnitude and as a symbolic representational format and that it thereby directly mediates between physical and symbolic size. The implications are relevant both for basic research regarding mental number representations and for pedagogic practices regarding the effectiveness of finger counting as a means to acquire a fundamental grasp of numbers.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Siegmund2018,
  author    = {Siegmund, Jonatan Frederik},
  title     = {Quantifying impacts of climate extreme events on vegetation},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-407095},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {129},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Together with the gradual change of mean values, ongoing climate change is projected to increase frequency and amplitude of temperature and precipitation extremes in many regions of Europe. The impacts of such in most cases short term extraordinary climate situations on terrestrial ecosystems are a matter of central interest of recent climate change research, because it can not per se be assumed that known dependencies between climate variables and ecosystems are linearly scalable. So far, yet, there is a high demand for a method to quantify such impacts in terms of simultaneities of event time series. In the course of this manuscript the new statistical approach of Event Coincidence Analysis (ECA) as well as it's R implementation is introduced, a methodology that allows assessing whether or not two types of event time series exhibit similar sequences of occurrences. Applications of the method are presented, analyzing climate impacts on different temporal and spacial scales: the impact of extraordinary expressions of various climatic variables on tree stem variations (subdaily and local scale), the impact of extreme temperature and precipitation events on the owering time of European shrub species (weekly and country scale), the impact of extreme temperature events on ecosystem health in terms of NDVI (weekly and continental scale) and the impact of El Ni{\~n}o and La Ni{\~n}a events on precipitation anomalies (seasonal and global scale). The applications presented in this thesis refine already known relationships based on classical methods and also deliver substantial new findings to the scientific community: the widely known positive correlation between flowering time and temperature for example is confirmed to be valid for the tails of the distributions while the widely assumed positive dependency between stem diameter variation and temperature is shown to be not valid for very warm and very cold days. The larger scale investigations underline the sensitivity of anthrogenically shaped landscapes towards temperature extremes in Europe and provide a comprehensive global ENSO impact map for strong precipitation events. Finally, by publishing the R implementation of the method, this thesis shall enable other researcher to further investigate on similar research questions by using Event Coincidence Analysis.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Sieg2018,
  author    = {Sieg, Tobias},
  title     = {Reliability of flood damage estimations across spatial scales},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42616},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-426161},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {XIII, 115},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Extreme Naturereignisse sind ein integraler Bestandteil der Natur der Erde. Sie werden erst dann zu Gefahren f{\"u}r die Gesellschaft, wenn sie diesen Ereignissen ausgesetzt ist. Dann allerdings k{\"o}nnen Naturgefahren verheerende Folgen f{\"u}r die Gesellschaft haben. Besonders hydro-meteorologische Gefahren wie zum Beispiel Flusshochwasser, Starkregenereignisse, Winterst{\"u}rme, Orkane oder Tornados haben ein hohes Schadenspotential und treten rund um den Globus auf. Einhergehend mit einer immer w{\"a}rmer werdenden Welt, werden auch Extremwetterereignisse, welche potentiell Naturgefahren ausl{\"o}sen k{\"o}nnen, immer wahrscheinlicher. Allerdings tr{\"a}gt nicht nur eine sich ver{\"a}ndernde Umwelt zur Erh{\"o}hung des Risikos von Naturgefahren bei, sondern auch eine sich ver{\"a}ndernde Gesellschaft. Daher ist ein angemessenes Risikomanagement erforderlich um die Gesellschaft auf jeder r{\"a}umlichen Ebene an diese Ver{\"a}nderungen anzupassen. Ein essentieller Bestandteil dieses Managements ist die Absch{\"a}tzung der {\"o}konomischen Auswirkungen der Naturgefahren. Bisher allerdings fehlen verl{\"a}ssliche Methoden um die Auswirkungen von hydro-meteorologischen Gefahren abzusch{\"a}tzen. Ein Hauptbestandteil dieser Arbeit ist daher die Entwicklung und Anwendung einer neuen Methode, welche die Verl{\"a}sslichkeit der Schadenssch{\"a}tzung verbessert. Die Methode wurde beispielhaft zur Sch{\"a}tzung der {\"o}konomischen Auswirkungen eines Flusshochwassers auf einzelne Unternehmen bis hin zu den Auswirkungen auf das gesamte Wirtschaftssystem Deutschlands erfolgreich angewendet. Bestehende Methoden geben meist wenig Information {\"u}ber die Verl{\"a}sslichkeit ihrer Sch{\"a}tzungen. Da diese Informationen Entscheidungen zur Anpassung an das Risiko erleichtern, wird die Verl{\"a}sslichkeit der Schadenssch{\"a}tzungen mit der neuen Methode dargestellt. Die Verl{\"a}sslichkeit bezieht sich dabei nicht nur auf die Schadenssch{\"a}tzung selber, sondern auch auf die Annahmen, die {\"u}ber betroffene Geb{\"a}ude gemacht werden. Nach diesem Prinzip kann auch die Verl{\"a}sslichkeit von Annahmen {\"u}ber die Zukunft dargestellt werden, dies ist ein wesentlicher Aspekt f{\"u}r Prognosen. Die Darstellung der Verl{\"a}sslichkeit und die erfolgreiche Anwendung zeigt das Potential der Methode zur Verwendung von Analysen f{\"u}r gegenw{\"a}rtige und zuk{\"u}nftige hydro-meteorologische Gefahren.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Seyferth2018,
  author    = {Seyferth, Lonny},
  title     = {Zum Reformengagement der Torhorst-Schwestern Adelheid (1884-1968) und Marie (1888-1989) im (Aus-)Bildungswesen der Weimarer Republik},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-44520},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-445204},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {343},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Im Fokus der bildungshistorischen und doppelbiografischen Dissertation steht die Darstellung des vielseitigen Reformengagements der Torhorst-Schwestern Adelheid und Marie im (Aus-) Bildungswesen der Weimarer Republik. Die Begriffe „Reform" und „Engagement" stellen tragende inhaltliche Signaturen der quellenbasierten Ann{\"a}herung an das Geschwisterpaar dar. Thematisiert werden ihre Berufsbiografien in ihren jeweiligen bildungspolitischen sowie bildungspraktischen Wirkungskreisen - inmitten der ersten „echten" deutschen Demokratie. Die Studie zielt insbesondere darauf ab, den Kreis der bildungshistorischen Repr{\"a}sentantinnen f{\"u}r eine konstruktive Ausgestaltung des (Fort-)Bildungswesens im Sinne eines notwendigen, aber nicht realisierten Modernisierungs- und Demokratisierungsprozesses in jenem Zeitraum zu erweitern. Die Aufarbeitung des bisher in der bildungsgeschichtlichen Forschung weitestgehend unbekannten Schaffens vermag es, den vielschichtigen Bedeutungsebenen von Schulreform(en) und Reformp{\"a}dagogik gerecht(er) zu werden. Die Arbeit intendiert zudem eine Horizonterweiterung des bildungshistorischen Blickfeldes - vor allem in Bezug auf bildungspolitische und schulpraktische Realisierungen von essenziellen Reformen in den Bereichen sekund{\"a}rer (Aus-)Bildungseinrichtungen. Die Schwestern bestimmten sowohl als kommunalpolitische als auch als schulpraktische Akteure die neue Praxis und die neuen Anforderungen der demokratischen Staatsform mit. Adelheid Torhorst k{\"a}mpfte - {\"u}ber ihren kommunalen Verantwortungsradius hinausreichend - aktiv im Rahmen ihrer von 1924-1931 andauernden Mitgliedschaft im Bund der Freien Schulgesellschaften (BFS) f{\"u}r eine gesamte Weltlichkeit des deutschen Schul- und (Aus-)Bildungswesens. Beide Frauen mussten auf ihren T{\"a}tigkeitsebenen erfahren, dass ihre immer st{\"a}rker werdenden sozialistisch gepr{\"a}gten Vorstellungen bez{\"u}glich der deutschen Bildungslandschaft Illusionen blieben. Vielmehr erkannten sie zunehmend einen Zusammenhang zwischen den etablierten Machtstrukturen; ein gesellschaftlicher Fortschritt, der sich in ihren Augen in einem sozial durchl{\"a}ssigen und weltlichen Bildungswesen formierte, erforderte vor allem strukturelle Ver{\"a}nderungen. F{\"u}r diese jedoch gab es keine gesellschaftlichen und politischen Mehrheiten. Die doppelbiografische Perspektive mit dem Fokus auf das Bleibende des Reformengagements sensibilisiert f{\"u}r gegenw{\"a}rtige bildungspolitische Streitfragen. Der kritisch-reflexive Blick geht zun{\"a}chst mit einer W{\"u}rdigung der qualifizierenden deutschen (Aus-) Bildungslandschaft einher; sch{\"a}tzt die liberalen Errungenschaften wie die Entscheidungsfreiheit der Eltern in Bezug zum Besuch des Religionsunterrichts ihrer Kinder als ein Privileg einer demokratischen, sozial offenen Gesellschaft. Es braucht in einer herausfordernden Zukunft mehr denn je mutige Akteure mit progressivem Reformpotenzial. Das wegweisende Engagement der Torhorst-Schwestern stand im Kontext eines schulischen sowie gesellschaftlichen Fortschrittgedankens, der sowohl die Moderne positiv pr{\"a}gt und tr{\"a}gt, der aber auch f{\"u}r deren Krisen und Konflikte steht. Im gegenw{\"a}rtigen (Aus-)Bildungswesen entstehen ebenso immer wieder neue Spannungen und Reformbedarfe, die es gilt, mit entsprechenden bildungspolitischen Richtlinien „von oben" gesetzlich neu zu reglementieren - mit Leben gef{\"u}llt werden sie mit dem Engagement „von unten".},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Seppelt2018,
  author    = {Seppelt, Svetlana},
  title     = {Novellierungsbedarf im Recht der privaten Sicherheitsdienste},
  series = {Schriftenreihe Studien zur Rechtswissenschaft},
  journal   = {Schriftenreihe Studien zur Rechtswissenschaft},
  number    = {418},
  publisher = {Dr. Kovač},
  address   = {Hamburg},
  isbn      = {978-3-339-10340-6},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {XXVII, 343},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Schoene2018,
  author    = {Sch{\"o}ne, Anne-Christin},
  title     = {Degradation of Aliphatic Polyesters at the Air-Water Interface - Capabilities of the Langmuir Monolayer Technique},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {109, XXXIX},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Schweighoefer2018,
  author    = {Schweigh{\"o}fer, Ellinor},
  title     = {Vom Neandertal nach Afrika},
  series = {Geschichte der Gegenwart ; 17},
  journal   = {Geschichte der Gegenwart ; 17},
  publisher = {Wallstein},
  address   = {G{\"o}ttingen},
  isbn      = {978-3-8353-3209-6},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {424},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Spektakul{\"a}re Debatten um bedeutende Fossilienfunde begleiteten die Suche nach unseren Urspr{\"u}ngen. Wer waren die ersten Menschen? Nachdem die Antwort darauf lange mit der Sch{\"o}pfungsgeschichte verbunden war, entflammten ab Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts neuartige Debatten. Funde menschlicher Fossilien f{\"u}hrten zu Auseinandersetzungen {\"u}ber den Ursprung der Menschheit. Umk{\"a}mpft war nicht nur die Frage, ob die ersten Menschen Deutsche, Engl{\"a}nder, Europ{\"a}er oder Asiaten waren, ob schwarz oder weiß. Es ging um das Wesen des Menschen. Knochen aus dem Neandertal, von Java oder S{\"u}dafrika bilden bis heute eine Projektionsfl{\"a}che f{\"u}r das Verst{\"a}ndnis des menschlichen Selbst. Entsprechend intensiv waren die internationalen wissenschaftlichen und {\"o}ffentlichen Debatten, bis sich in den 1950er Jahren die Idee eines gemeinsamen afrikanischen Ursprungs durchsetzte. Ellinor Schweigh{\"o}fer geht am Beispiel spektakul{\"a}rer Funde der Suche nach dem Ursprung nach. Sie untersucht, welche Zuschreibungen die Funde ausl{\"o}sten und mit welchen Techniken sich wissenschaftliche Fakten etablierten. Es ist eine Wissensgeschichte, bei der viele Stimmen einbezogen werden - Wissenschaftler ebenso wie Massenmedien. So macht die Autorin auch die Wechselwirkungen zwischen Weltanschauung, Politik und Wissenschaft deutlich.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Schwarzer2018,
  author    = {Schwarzer, Christian},
  title     = {Climate change, adaptive divergence and their effects on species interactions in European bog-plant communities},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {169},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Schwarz2018,
  author    = {Schwarz, Peter Paul},
  title     = {Mit{\"o}ffentlichkeit},
  series = {Arbeiten zur Kirchlichen Zeitgeschichte, Reihe B ; 69},
  journal   = {Arbeiten zur Kirchlichen Zeitgeschichte, Reihe B ; 69},
  publisher = {Vandenhoeck \& Ruprecht},
  address   = {G{\"o}ttingen},
  isbn      = {978-3-525-55791-4},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {364},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Im Mittelpunkt dieser beziehungsgeschichtlichen Darstellung steht die Geschichte der deutsch-deutschen Arbeit der Evangelischen Akademie Berlin-Brandenburg seit ihrer Gr{\"u}ndung 1951 bis Ende der 1970er- bzw. Anfang der 1980er-Jahre. Nach einem {\"U}berblick zur Geschichte der Ev. Akademien und der Evangelischen Akademie Berlin-Brandenburg wird sie als ein exemplarischer deutsch-deutscher Ort literarischer Kommunikation, der „Vergangenheitsbew{\"a}ltigung" und des christlich-j{\"u}dischen Dialogs als Teil der NS-Auseinandersetzung beschrieben. Im Rahmen der literarischen Arbeit wurden h{\"a}ufig in der DDR - noch - nicht ver{\"o}ffentlichte westdeutsche und westeurop{\"a}ische Texte in den literarischen Kreislauf eingespeist; hiermit konstitutiv verbunden ist das ebenfalls hochpolitische und gesamtdeutsch dimensionierte Thema der Vergangenheitsbew{\"a}ltigung. {\"U}ber den Kontext der Akademie hinaus versteht sich die Arbeit auch als ein Beitrag zur deutsch-deutschen Geschichte der Vergangenheitsbew{\"a}ltigung. Mit den seit 1961 durchgef{\"u}hrten Israel-Tagungen institutionalisierte sich der christlich-j{\"u}dische Dialog etwa 15 Jahre fr{\"u}her als in der evangelischen Kirche in der DDR. Damit bietet diese Arbeit auch neue Aspekte der Geschichte des Protestantismus in Ostdeutschland und der christlich-j{\"u}dischen Beziehungen in der DDR. Hinsichtlich der kirchlichen Vergangenheitsbew{\"a}ltigung leistete die Akademie Pionierarbeit. Im Horizont deutschland-, kultur- und kirchenpolitischer Entwicklungen schw{\"a}chte sich ab Ende der 1960er-Jahre der gesamtdeutsche Bezug ab. Die Akademie war durch N{\"a}he und Distanz zu staatlichen und kirchlichen Kontexten gepr{\"a}gt. Massive {\"U}berwachungen durch die Staatssicherheit und Konflikte mit staatlichen Organen sind Ausdruck dieses „Eigen-Sinns". Als christlicher Akteur beharrte die Akademie auf Mitgestaltung und Mitwirkung und erzeugte durch ihre Arbeit Mit{\"o}ffentlichkeit. Dieser neu eingef{\"u}hrte Begriff entzieht sich dem Dualismus von offizieller {\"O}ffentlichkeit und Gegen{\"o}ffentlichkeit und leistet eine wesentliche Differenzierung des Formenkreises von {\"O}ffentlichkeit in der DDR.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Schwarz2018,
  author    = {Schwarz, Patric},
  title     = {Die Umsatzbesteuerung von Energieleistungen},
  series = {Steuerwissenschaftliche Schriften ; 62},
  journal   = {Steuerwissenschaftliche Schriften ; 62},
  publisher = {Nomos},
  address   = {Baden-Baden},
  isbn      = {978-3-8487-4432-9},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {334},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Das Werk unternimmt eine erstmalige zusammenfassende Darstellung der Umsatzbesteuerung von Energieleistungen sowie deren mehrwertsteuerrechtlichen Beurteilung unter besonderer Ber{\"u}cksichtigung aktueller Probleme und Zweifelsfragen. Hierf{\"u}r werden Problembereiche grundlegend und rechtsdogmatisch beleuchtet. Ziel der Arbeit ist es, die wesentlichen Gesch{\"a}ftspraktiken im Energiesektor einer mehrwertsteuerrechtlichen Analyse zu unterwerfen, die stets das unionsrechtliche Mehrwertsteuerrecht und das nationale Umsatzsteuerrecht betrachtet. Es wird untersucht, ob und inwieweit die gegenw{\"a}rtigen Vorschriften zur umsatzsteuerrechtlichen Behandlung von Energieleistungen mit dem europ{\"a}ischen Unionsrecht vereinbar, praxistauglich und angemessen sind. Im Lichte der unaufhaltsam voranschreitenden Energiewende will die vorliegende Untersuchung einen systemimmanenten {\"U}berblick der energierechtlichen Implikationen auf das Mehrwertsteuerrecht in einem einheitlichen mehrwertsteuerrechtlichen Gesamtkontext geben.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Schwanhold2018,
  author    = {Schwanhold, Nadine},
  title     = {Die Funktion und Spezifit{\"a}t der Molybd{\"a}n-Cofaktor-bindenden Chaperone f{\"u}r die Formiat-Dehydrogenasen aus Escherichia coli und Rhodobacter capsulatus},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {132},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Schwahn2018,
  author    = {Schwahn, Kevin},
  title     = {Data driven approaches to infer the regulatory mechanism shaping and constraining levels of metabolites in metabolic networks},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42324},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-423240},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {109},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Systems biology aims at investigating biological systems in its entirety by gathering and analyzing large-scale data sets about the underlying components. Computational systems biology approaches use these large-scale data sets to create models at different scales and cellular levels. In addition, it is concerned with generating and testing hypotheses about biological processes. However, such approaches are inevitably leading to computational challenges due to the high dimensionality of the data and the differences in the dimension of data from different cellular layers. This thesis focuses on the investigation and development of computational approaches to analyze metabolite profiles in the context of cellular networks. This leads to determining what aspects of the network functionality are reflected in the metabolite levels. With these methods at hand, this thesis aims to answer three questions: (1) how observability of biological systems is manifested in metabolite profiles and if it can be used for phenotypical comparisons; (2) how to identify couplings of reaction rates from metabolic profiles alone; and (3) which regulatory mechanism that affect metabolite levels can be distinguished by integrating transcriptomics and metabolomics read-outs. I showed that sensor metabolites, identified by an approach from observability theory, are more correlated to each other than non-sensors. The greater correlations between sensor metabolites were detected both with publicly available metabolite profiles and synthetic data simulated from a medium-scale kinetic model. I demonstrated through robustness analysis that correlation was due to the position of the sensor metabolites in the network and persisted irrespectively of the experimental conditions. Sensor metabolites are therefore potential candidates for phenotypical comparisons between conditions through targeted metabolic analysis. Furthermore, I demonstrated that the coupling of metabolic reaction rates can be investigated from a purely data-driven perspective, assuming that metabolic reactions can be described by mass action kinetics. Employing metabolite profiles from domesticated and wild wheat and tomato species, I showed that the process of domestication is associated with a loss of regulatory control on the level of reaction rate coupling. I also found that the same metabolic pathways in Arabidopsis thaliana and Escherichia coli exhibit differences in the number of reaction rate couplings. I designed a novel method for the identification and categorization of transcriptional effects on metabolism by combining data on gene expression and metabolite levels. The approach determines the partial correlation of metabolites with control by the principal components of the transcript levels. The principle components contain the majority of the transcriptomic information allowing to partial out the effect of the transcriptional layer from the metabolite profiles. Depending whether the correlation between metabolites persists upon controlling for the effect of the transcriptional layer, the approach allows us to group metabolite pairs into being associated due to post-transcriptional or transcriptional regulation, respectively. I showed that the classification of metabolite pairs into those that are associated due to transcriptional or post-transcriptional regulation are in agreement with existing literature and findings from a Bayesian inference approach. The approaches developed, implemented, and investigated in this thesis open novel ways to jointly study metabolomics and transcriptomics data as well as to place metabolic profiles in the network context. The results from these approaches have the potential to provide further insights into the regulatory machinery in a biological system.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Schulze2018,
  author    = {Schulze, Sven},
  title     = {Entwicklung und Charakterisierung optischer Biosensorplattformen basierend auf photonischen Kristallen und Faser-Bragg-Gitter},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-422139},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xviii, 149, A-23, B-2, C-8},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {In dieser Arbeit steht die Entwicklung einer Sensorplattform f{\"u}r biochemische Anwendungen, welche auf einem optischen Detektionsprinzips beruht, im Vordergrund. W{\"a}hrend der Entwicklung wurden zwei komplement{\"a}re Konzeptideen behandelt, zum einen ein Sensor, der auf photonischen Kristallen und Wellenleiterstrukturen basiert und zum anderen einen faserbasierten Sensor, der chemisch modifizierte Faser-Bragg-Gitter enth{\"a}lt. Das optische Detektionsprinzip in beiden Sensorideen ist die resultierende Brechungsindex{\"a}nderung als messbare physikochemische Kenngr{\"o}ße. Das aus der Natur bekannte Ph{\"a}nomen der photonischen Kristalle, das u. a. bei Opalen und bei Schmetterlingen zu finden ist, wurde bereits 1887 von Lord Rayleigh beschrieben. Er beschrieb die optischen Eigenschaften von periodischen mehrschichtigen Filmen, welche als vereinfachtes Modell eines eindimensionalen photonischen Kristalls verstanden werden k{\"o}nnen. Die Periodizit{\"a}t der Brechungsindex{\"a}nderung resultiert in einem optischen Filter f{\"u}r Frequenzen in einem bestimmten spektralen Bereich, weshalb dann dort keine Lichtausbreitung mehr m{\"o}glich ist. Wird dieses System aber durch eine Defektstelle in der Brechungsindexperiodizit{\"a}t gest{\"o}rt, sodass daraus zwei perfekt periodische Systeme entstehen, ist die Lichtausbreitung f{\"u}r eine bestimmte Frequenz dennoch m{\"o}glich. In der Folge resultiert daraus ein schmalbandiges Signal im Transmissionsspektrum. Die erlaubte Frequenz ist dabei u. a. abh{\"a}ngig vom Brechungsindexunterschied des periodischen Systems, d.h. Ver{\"a}nderung des Brechungsindexes einer Schicht f{\"u}hrt zu einer spektralen Verschiebung der erlaubten Frequenz, dadurch kann dieses Sensorkonzept f{\"u}r biochemische Sensorik ausgenutzt werden [1]. Diese Entwicklung des auf photonischen Kristallen basierenden Sensors war eine Kooperation mit dem Industriepartner „Nanoplus GmbH". In der Doktorarbeit wurden Simulationen und praktischen Arbeiten zur Designentwicklung des Sensors und die Arbeiten an einem ersten Modellaufbau f{\"u}r die biochemischen Anwendungen durchgef{\"u}hrt. F{\"u}r den faserbasierten Sensor wurden Faser-Bragg-Gitter in den Faserkern hineingeschrieben. Hill et al. entdeckten 1978, dass solche Gitterstrukturen genau wie photonische Kristalle als optische Filter fungieren [2]. Die Gitter bestehen dabei aus {\"A}nderungen des Brechungsindexes im Faserkern. Im Laufe der n{\"a}chsten vierzig Jahren wurden verschiedene Einschreibetechniken und Gitterstrukturen entwickelt, weshalb die Eigenschaften der jeweiligen Gitterstrukturen variieren. Eine solche Gitterstruktur sind u. a. die Faser-Bragg-Gitter, deren Gitterperiode, d. h. die Abst{\"a}nde der Brechungsindexmodifikationen, sich im Nanometer- bis Mikrometerbereich befinden. Aufgrund der kleinen Gitterperiode wird eine r{\"u}ckw{\"a}rtsf{\"u}hrende Welle im Kern f{\"u}r eine bestimmte Frequenz bzw. Wellenl{\"a}nge, der Bragg-Wellenl{\"a}nge, erzeugt. Im Endeffekt resultiert daraus ein schmalbandiges Signal sowohl im Transmissionsspektrum, als auch im Reflexionsspektrum. Die Resonanzwellenl{\"a}nge ist dabei proportional zu der Gitterperiode und dem effektiven Brechungsindex, welcher vom Brechungsindex des Kerns und des kernumgebenen Materials abh{\"a}ngig ist. Letztlich eignet sich diese Technik f{\"u}r physikochemische Sensorik. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurden die Gitter mit Hilfe einer relativen neuen Herstellungsmethode in die Fasern geschrieben [3]. Anschließend stand die Entwicklung eines Biosensors im Vordergrund, wobei zun{\"a}chst ein Protokoll zum {\"A}tzen der Faser mit Flusss{\"a}ure entwickelt worden ist, dass das System sensitiv zum umgebenen Brechungsindex macht. Am Ende wurde ein Modellaufbau realisiert, indem ein Modellsystem, hier die Detektion vom C-reaktiven Protein mittels spezifischen einzelstr{\"a}ngigen DNS-Aptameren, erfolgreich getestet und quantifiziert worden ist. 1 Mandal, S.; Erickson, D. Nanoscale Optofluidic Sensor Arrays. Opt. Express 2008, 16 (3), 1623-1631. 2 Hill, K. O.; Fujii, Y.; Johnson, D. C.; Kawasaki, B. S. Photosensitivity in Optical Fiber Waveguides: Application to Reflection Filter Fabrication. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1978, 32 (10), 647-649. 3 Mart{\´i}nez, A.; Dubov, M.; Khrushchev, I.; Bennion, I. Direct Writing of Fibre Bragg Gratings by Femtosecond Laser. Electron. Lett. 2004, 40 (19), 1170.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Schulz2018,
  author    = {Schulz, Frithjof},
  title     = {Kommunikationsverfassungsrechtliche Fragen einer Vielfaltsregulierung von Suchmaschinen},
  series = {Schriftenreihe Verfassungsrecht in Forschung und Praxis ; 139},
  journal   = {Schriftenreihe Verfassungsrecht in Forschung und Praxis ; 139},
  publisher = {Kovac},
  address   = {Hamburg},
  isbn      = {978-3-339-10078-8},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {233},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Suchmaschinen spielen eine {\"u}berragend wichtige Rolle f{\"u}r den Informationszugang im Internet und damit f{\"u}r die individuelle und kollektive Meinungsbildung. Gleichzeitig wird der Suchmaschinenmarkt nahezu vollst{\"a}ndig von einem einzigen Anbieter beherrscht - Google. Angesichts dessen wird vermehrt eine Regulierung von Suchmaschinen zur Sicherung der f{\"u}r die Demokratie unabdingbaren Meinungsvielfalt gefordert. Die Untersuchung geht der Gebotenheit und den Grenzen einer solchen Regulierung nach und stellt die Frage nach einem kommunikationsverfassungsrechtlichen Schutz von und vor Suchmaschinen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{SchulteUmberg2018,
  author    = {Schulte-Umberg, Ulf},
  title     = {Die langobardischen Hofkirchen in Capua},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-48109},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-481099},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {VII, 427},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Im historischen Zentrum der mittelalterlichen Stadt Capua hat sich mit den drei Kirchen S. Salvatore „Maggiore" a Corte, S. Giovanni a Corte und S. Michele a Corte eine Gruppe von Sakralbauten erhalten, die nicht nur durch ihre {\"u}bereinstimmende namentliche Attribution einen Zusammenhang mit dem langobardischen F{\"u}rstenhof der Stadt offenbaren, sondern auch durch die r{\"a}umliche Disposition im urbanistischen Gef{\"u}ge. Im vorliegenden Buch wird die {\"u}berkommene Bausubstanz einer grundlegenden Analyse unterzogen, um herauszuarbeiten, welche Bestandteile den {\"a}ltesten Bauphasen zuzuordnen sind und somit als langobardenzeitlich angesprochen werden k{\"o}nnen. Eine ausf{\"u}hrliche Untersuchung der zugeh{\"o}rigen Bauplastik erg{\"a}nzt gleichwertig diesen ersten Teil. Die Kontextualisierung der Ergebnisse hilft dabei, ein Bild von der Kunst und Architektur des in S{\"u}ditalien an Monumenten eher armen 10. Jahrhunderts zu generieren und erlaubt R{\"u}ckschl{\"u}sse auf den geistigen Hintergrund, vor dem die drei Hofkirchen entstanden sind.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Schukraft2018,
  author    = {Schukraft, Stefan},
  title     = {Legislativer Konflikt in den deutschen L{\"a}ndern},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-86956-450-0},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42216},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-422162},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {563},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Gesetzgebungsmehrheiten in parlamentarischen Systemen mit ihrem Dualismus aus Regierungslager und Oppositionsparteien bilden sich nicht frei. Vielmehr findet ihre Koordination in einem Spannungsfeld aus den programmatischen Positionen der Akteure und ihrem opportunistischen Wettbewerb untereinander statt. Diese Problematik bricht die Arbeit auf drei konkrete Fragestellungen herunter, im Rahmen derer sie die Konfliktmuster zwischen Akteuren bei der legislativen Mehrheitskoordination unter Mehrheitsregierungen in den deutschen Landesparlamenten untersucht: 1) Inwieweit h{\"a}ngt es von programmatischen Positionen oder vom opportunistischen Wettbewerb des Neuen Dualismus zwischen Regierungslager und Oppositionsparteien ab, ob Oppositionsparteien und Regierungslager bei der Bildung von Gesetzgebungsmehrheiten kooperieren oder konfligieren? 2) Inwieweit kommt es vor dem Hintergrund unterschiedlicher programmatischer Positionen und opportunistischer {\"U}berlegungen zu Konflikt statt Kooperation zwischen Koalitionsakteuren bei der Bildung gemeinsamer Gesetzgebungsmehrheiten? Letztere Fragestellung wird sodann auch in den Kontext des bundesrepublikanischen Kooperativf{\"o}deralismus eingebettet: 3) Inwieweit geht die Bildung von Gesetzgebungsmehrheiten bei der Ausf{\"u}hrung von Bundesgesetzen in Mischkoalitionen (bestehend aus Parteien, die sich auf Bundesebene in konkurrierenden Lagern gegen{\"u}berstehen) mit mehr Konflikt einher als in ebenen{\"u}bergreifend kongruenten Regierungskoalitionen? Theoretisch wird ein rationalistisches Modell der grundlegenden Handlungsanreize bei der Bildung von Gesetzgebungsmehrheiten in den deutschen Landesparlamenten erarbeitet. Auf dieser Basis besch{\"a}ftigt sich die Arbeit damit, wie die Akteure strategisch programmatische und opportunistische Anreize zu Konflikt und Kooperation abw{\"a}gen. Die Arbeit leitet dann konkrete Determinanten ab, die vorwiegend - aber nicht nur - mittels quantitativer Methoden getestet werden. Die Arbeit st{\"u}tzt sich dabei auf eine gr{\"o}ßtenteils neu zusammengestellte Gesetzgebungsdatenbank aus 3.359 Gesetzgebungsvorg{\"a}ngen aus 23 Legislaturperioden zwischen 1990 und 2013 in den L{\"a}ndern Hamburg, Hessen, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Nordrhein-Westfalen und Sachsen-Anhalt. Die Analyse der Konfliktmuster zwischen Oppositionsparteien und Regierungslager zeigt, dass programmatische Distanz einer Oppositionspartei zum Regierungslager f{\"u}r Oppositionsverhalten eine Rolle spielt; dies gilt jedoch auch f{\"u}r opportunistische Aspekte (so l{\"a}sst sich beispielsweise ein kompetitiveres Oppositionsverhalten beobachten, wenn nach der letzten Wahl ein vollst{\"a}ndiger Regierungswechsel erfolgte). Oppositionsverhalten erscheint dabei recht kleinteilig ausgepr{\"a}gt. Neben Unterschieden zwischen Legislaturperioden treten solche auch innerhalb von Legislaturperioden zwischen Akteuren sowie zwischen Gesetzentw{\"u}rfen auf. Die Analyse generellen Koalitionskonflikts weist darauf hin, dass ein nicht unerheblicher Teil von Koalitionskonflikt strukturell bedingt ist. Handelt es sich bei einer gebildeten Regierungskoalition um die Wunschkoalition der beteiligten Parteien, so ist dies Koalitionskonflikt abtr{\"a}glich. Selbiges gilt f{\"u}r eine gr{\"o}ßere Mehrheitsmarge des Regierungslagers. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus ergeben sich Hinweise, dass die Ausf{\"u}hrung von Bundesgesetzen unter Mischkoalitionen bei bundespolitischer Abgrenzung der Koalitionspartner mit mehr Koalitionskonflikt einhergeht als eine Ausf{\"u}hrung unter kongruenten Koalitionen. Der Beitrag der Arbeit ist polymorph angelegt. Sie hilft zun{\"a}chst, die Strategien von Akteuren im Gesetzgebungsprozess besser zu verstehen. Als normativer Beitrag tritt auf einer zweiten Ebene die bessere Erforschung etwaiger nachteiliger Effekte des Neuen Dualismus unter Mehrheitsregierungen hinzu. Gleichzeitig soll die Arbeit drittens in der Zusammenschau helfen, die Mechanik der parlamentarischen Systeme in den L{\"a}ndern selbst zu erhellen und besser normativ bewerten zu k{\"o}nnen. Hintergrund sind hier die jahrzehntealten Debatten um das beste Regierungssystem und -format der deutschen L{\"a}nder als subnationale Entit{\"a}ten. Die dritte Fragestellung dieser Arbeit konnte diese Debatte zudem mit einem neuen Aspekt bereichern. Wissen dar{\"u}ber, inwieweit die Ausf{\"u}hrung von Bundesgesetzen in den L{\"a}ndern je nach ebenen{\"u}bergreifendem Koalitionsmuster in unterschiedlichem Ausmaß mit einem ‚coalition governance'-Problem verbunden ist, f{\"u}gt der Forschung zum f{\"o}deralen Entscheiden in der Bundesrepublik eine neue und beachtenswerte Facette hinzu. Denn dabei handelt es sich um eine f{\"o}deral bedingte mechanische Beeintr{\"a}chtigung der Mehrheitskoordination in den Landesparlamenten selbst, die die potenziell gegebene f{\"o}derale Flexibilit{\"a}t bei der Ausf{\"u}hrung von Bundesgesetzen hemmt. Dies ebnet den Weg zu neuen Debatten dar{\"u}ber, wie in den deutschen L{\"a}ndern mehr legislative Abstimmungsflexibilit{\"a}t erm{\"o}glicht werden kann als unter den bisher {\"u}blichen Mehrheits-Koalitionsregierungen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Schroeter2018,
  author    = {Schr{\"o}ter, Anja},
  title     = {Ostdeutsche Ehen vor Gericht},
  series = {Kommunismus und Gesellschaft ; 6},
  journal   = {Kommunismus und Gesellschaft ; 6},
  publisher = {Links},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-96289-003-2},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {498},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Die DDR hatte eine der weltweit h{\"o}chsten Scheidungsraten. Die Ehescheidung war mit nur wenigen H{\"u}rden verbunden und wurde weitgehend als Privatsache betrachtet. Doch ab 1990 trafen ost- und westdeutsche B{\"u}rger und Juristen mit unterschiedlichen Erfahrungen aufeinander. Anja Schr{\"o}ter betrachtet die Scheidungspraxis in Ostdeutschland vom letzten Jahrzehnt der DDR {\"u}ber die Epochenz{\"a}sur 1989/90 hinweg bis zur Jahrtausendwende. Sie hat Juristen und ostdeutsche B{\"u}rger nach ihren Erfahrungen gefragt. Eine faszinierende Studie zum ostdeutschen Alltag im Umbruch.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Schroeer2018,
  author    = {Schr{\"o}er, Marie},
  title     = {Terrain de je},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {347},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Scholz2018,
  author    = {Scholz, Jana},
  title     = {Die Pr{\"a}senz der Dinge},
  series = {Fashion Studies},
  journal   = {Fashion Studies},
  number    = {8},
  publisher = {transcript},
  address   = {Bielefeld},
  isbn      = {978-3-8376-4817-1},
  doi       = {10.14361/9783839448175},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {220},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Menschen{\"a}hnliche Dinge fordern uns in besonderem Maße heraus. Sie l{\"o}sen Gef{\"u}hle und Imaginationen aus, sie beeinflussen unsere K{\"o}rperhaltung und unsere Mimik. Woher r{\"u}hren unsere bisweilen starken Reaktionen auf anthropomorphe Artefakte? Warum neigen wir dazu, sie wider besseres Wissen zu verlebendigen? Jana Scholz fragt erstmals gezielt nach der Agency k{\"u}nstlerischer Artefakte in menschlicher Gestalt. Anhand dreier Beispiele aus Fotografie, Mode und Literatur lotet sie das Verh{\"a}ltnis zwischen materiell-visueller Inszenierung und {\"a}sthetischer Wahrnehmung aus. Dabei werden neue Sichtweisen auf die Beziehungen von Dingen und Menschen er{\"o}ffnet - in einer Zeit, in der diese zunehmend undurchdringlich scheinen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Scholta2018,
  author    = {Scholta, Tobias},
  title     = {Georg Schneider und die {\"a}rztliche Selbstverwaltung in Brandenburg zwischen Deutschem Kaiserreich und Sowjetischer Besatzungszone},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43020},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-430209},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {298},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Der am 15. Juni 1875 in Frankfurt (Oder) geborene und langj{\"a}hrig in seiner Wahlheimat Potsdam praktizierende Allgemeinmediziner Georg Otto Schneider war einer der bedeutendsten {\"a}rztlichen Standesvertreter der ersten H{\"a}lfte des 20. Jahrhunderts. Eng verkn{\"u}pft mit seinem Namen sind eine geradlinige, liberale Berufspolitik sowie die Entfaltung und der Erhalt beruflicher Selbstverwaltung in der brandenburgischen und gesamtdeutschen {\"A}rzteschaft. Als f{\"u}hrendes Mitglied in mehreren provinzialen und reichsweiten Verb{\"a}nden engagierte sich Schneider {\"u}ber vier historische Epochen stets im Sinne einer freien Aus{\"u}bung und autonomen Verwaltung des Arztberufes. Im Deutschen Kaiserreich war Schneiders standespolitisches Handeln zun{\"a}chst noch regional begrenzt. 1912 initiierte er die Errichtung eines Schutzverbandes f{\"u}r die {\"A}rzte des Bezirks Potsdam, dem er {\"u}ber zehn Jahre vorsaß. In der Weimarer Republik stieg Schneider sodann zu einer Schl{\"u}sselfigur der Gesundheits- und {\"a}rztlichen Berufspolitik auf. 1920 belebte er den {\"A}rzteverband f{\"u}r die Provinz Brandenburg, ab 1928 leitete er dazu in Personalunion die brandenburgische {\"A}rztekammer. Bereits zwei Jahre zuvor hatte er die Gesch{\"a}ftsf{\"u}hrung des Deutschen {\"A}rztevereinsbundes {\"u}bernommen. Infolge der Macht{\"u}bernahme der Nationalsozialisten schied Schneider bis Mitte 1934 aus allen {\"A}mtern aus, seine Bem{\"u}hungen f{\"u}r den Erhalt der Berufsautonomie waren vergebens. Anders sah es zun{\"a}chst nach Ende des Zweiten Weltkriegs aus. In der Sowjetischen Besatzungszone saß Schneider der Fachgruppe {\"A}rzte im Freien Deutschen Gewerkschaftsbund Brandenburg vor und verteidigte die M{\"o}glichkeiten der selbstst{\"a}ndigen Berufsverwaltung. Zudem war er von 1946 an bis zu seinem Tod am 26. Oktober 1949 Fraktionsvorsitzender der Liberal-Demokratischen Partei im brandenburgischen Landtag. Vor dem Hintergrund des Lebens und Wirkens Georg Schneiders untersucht die Dissertation Kontinuit{\"a}ten und Br{\"u}che im {\"a}rztlichen Organisationswesen, ausgehend vom Deutschen Kaiserreich {\"u}ber die Weimarer Epoche und den Nationalsozialismus bis hin zur Zeit der sowjetischen Besatzung. Die Arbeit stellt die Auswirkungen der jeweiligen politischen, sozio{\"o}konomischen und gesellschaftlichen Entwicklungen auf den {\"A}rztestand und die entsprechenden Reaktionen der {\"a}rztlichen Berufsvertreter, allen voran Georg Schneiders, gegen{\"u}ber. Dabei hinterfragt sie, inwiefern sich die {\"a}rztlichen Organisationsstrukturen dem jeweiligen System anpassten und welchen Einfluss Schneider als einzelne Person in den gr{\"o}ßeren Institutionen entfalten konnte.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Schnabel2018,
  author    = {Schnabel, Anja},
  title     = {Bleiben in Breslau},
  series = {Potsdamer j{\"u}dische Studien},
  journal   = {Potsdamer j{\"u}dische Studien},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {be.bra wissenschaft verlag GmbH},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-95410-203-7},
  pages     = {368},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Der Breslauer Jude Willy Cohn musste nach der Macht{\"u}bernahme der Nationalsozialisten erleben, wie die deutschen Juden in immer gr{\"o}ßerem Umfang entrechtet, ausgegrenzt und existenziell bedroht werden. Trotzdem kam eine Auswanderung aus Deutschland als seiner Heimat f{\"u}r ihn letztlich nicht in Betracht. Im Winter 1941 wurde Willy Cohn mit seiner Familie aus Breslau deportiert und von den Nationalsozialisten ermordet. Ausgehend von Cohns Entscheidung, in Breslau zu bleiben, betrachtet die Untersuchung das Bleiben als Aushandlungsprozess und macht so exemplarisch das Bleiben im NS-Deutschland als Akt der Selbstbehauptung sichtbar. Hierf{\"u}r wurde der rund 10.000 Seiten umfassende Tagebuchnachlass Willy Cohns aus den Jahren zwischen 1899 und 1941 erstmals in seiner Gesamtheit systematisch gesichtet und ausgewertet.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Schmitt2018,
  author    = {Schmitt, Katharina},
  title     = {Europarechtliche Vorgaben f{\"u}r die Arbeit der Finanzverwaltung bei grenz{\"u}berschreitenden Besteuerungsf{\"a}llen},
  series = {Schriftenreihe Steuerrecht in Forschung und Praxis ; 150},
  journal   = {Schriftenreihe Steuerrecht in Forschung und Praxis ; 150},
  publisher = {Kovac},
  address   = {Hamburg},
  isbn      = {978-3-339-10142-6},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {334},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Die stetig wachsenden internationalen und wirtschaftlichen Verflechtungen sowohl von Unternehmen als auch von Einzelsteuerpflichtigen stellen die deutsche Finanzverwaltung vor eine große Herausforderung. Hintergrund daf{\"u}r ist, dass sich das deutsche Steuerrecht nicht nur auf rein nationale Sachverhalte beschr{\"a}nkt, sondern vielmehr auch an Vorg{\"a}nge und Zust{\"a}nde ankn{\"u}pft, die sich im Ausland befinden. Das Auftreten solcher grenz{\"u}berschreitender Sachverhalte und deren juristische Begleiterscheinungen sind jedoch nicht ganz unproblematisch, da f{\"u}r die korrekte Besteuerung jener Sachverhalte sowohl das rein nationale Recht als auch die ausl{\"a}ndischen Rechtsgrundlagen beachtet werden m{\"u}ssen. Diese werden in meiner Arbeit detailliert vorgestellt, wobei stets eine Unterscheidung zwischen gemeinschaftsrechtlichen Rechtsgrundlagen, multilateralen, bilateralen und unilateralen Rechtsquellen erfolgt. Zuvor werden die vielf{\"a}ltigen Probleme bei der Besteuerung grenz{\"u}berschreitender Sachverhalte, wie z.B. die Gefahr der Doppelbesteuerung oder der Steuerflucht dargestellt, um danach die nationalen L{\"o}sungsans{\"a}tze, wie die erweiterten Anzeige- und Mitwirkungspflichten auf Seiten der Steuerpflichtigen und den Untersuchungsgrundsatz auf Seiten der Finanzverwaltung aufzuzeigen. Dabei werden die europ{\"a}ischen Grundfreiheiten als Diskriminierungs- und Beschr{\"a}nkungsverbote abgebildet, wobei auch die anerkannten geschriebenen und ungeschriebenen Rechtfertigungsgr{\"u}nde dargestellt werden. Die vielf{\"a}ltigen Auswirkungen des europ{\"a}ischen Prim{\"a}rrechts auf das deutsche Besteuerungsverfahren werden anhand von verschiedenen EuGH-Urteilen veranschaulicht, wobei auch die praktische Umsetzung der europarechtlichen Vorgaben beispielhaft durch das Aktionsprogramm FISCALIS 2020, die Informationszentrale f{\"u}r steuerliche Auslandsbeziehungen in Bonn und das internationale Steuerzentrum in M{\"u}nchen vorgestellt werden.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Schloeffel2018,
  author    = {Schl{\"o}ffel, Frank},
  title     = {Heinrich Loewe},
  series = {J{\"u}dische Kulturgeschichte in der Moderne ; 8},
  journal   = {J{\"u}dische Kulturgeschichte in der Moderne ; 8},
  publisher = {Neofelis Verlag},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-95808-026-3},
  pages     = {483},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Die zionistische Geschichte Berlins ist zweifellos mit den Biographien einer Vielzahl von Aktivistinnen und Aktivisten verkn{\"u}pft, die sich vom ausgehenden 19. Jahrhundert an selbstorganisierten. Heinrich Loewe, den Barbara Sch{\"a}fer zum „Paradebeispiel einer ganzen Epoche" erkl{\"a}rte, spielte im Zuge der zionistischen ‚Aneignung' der Großstadt zweifelsohne eine entscheidende Rolle. Auf seinem Grabstein auf dem Alten Friedhof in Tel Aviv ist zurecht eingraviert: „Einer unter den Gr{\"u}ndern der zionistischen Bewegung". Loewe - geboren in Wanzleben, Berliner seit 1933 - war um die Jahrhundertwende an zahlreichen zionistischen Vereinsgr{\"u}ndungen beteiligt und viele Jahre als Journalist und Chefredakteur t{\"a}tig. Fr{\"u}h unternahm er mehrmonatige Reisen nach Pal{\"a}stina, war Delegierter (nicht nur) auf dem 1. Zionistenkongress, sp{\"a}ter sogar Referent f{\"u}r „Pal{\"a}stina-Kulturfragen" im 1907 in Berlin er{\"o}ffneten Zentralb{\"u}ro der Zionistischen Weltorganisation. Mit der Macht{\"u}bernahme der Nationalsozialisten 1933 endete Loewes langj{\"a}hrige T{\"a}tigkeit als Bibliothekar der Berliner Universit{\"a}tsbibliothek und er emigrierte mit seiner Familie nach Tel Aviv. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt blickte er auf einen 30 Jahre andauernden Einsatz f{\"u}r den Aufbau einer j{\"u}dischen Nationalbibliothek in Jerusalem zur{\"u}ck. Er w{\"a}re beinahe ihr erster Direktor geworden. Basierend auf umfangreichem Material aus israelischen und deutschen Archiven sowie einem großen Korpus weiterer zeitgen{\"o}ssischer Quellen untersucht Frank Schl{\"o}ffels Buch am Beispiel der Biographie Heinrich Loewes soziale und kulturelle Verflechtungsprozesse. H{\"a}ufig von konkreten raum-zeitlichen Settings ausgehend - einem Ort etwa wie der Bibliothek oder der Redaktion -, richtet er einerseits den Blick auf das in diesen Kontexten entstehende Wissen, anderseits auf die sich kn{\"u}pfenden Beziehungen zwischen Orten und zwischen Menschen, Gegenst{\"a}nden und Ideen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Schlichting2018,
  author    = {Schlichting, Johanna},
  title     = {Die Verfolgung {\"o}ffentlicher Interessen mithilfe der Vergabesperre},
  series = {Schriften zum Vergaberecht ; 50},
  journal   = {Schriften zum Vergaberecht ; 50},
  publisher = {Nomos},
  address   = {Baden-Baden},
  isbn      = {978-3-8487-4748-1},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {233},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Eine Vergabesperre ist der l{\"a}ngerfristige Ausschluss eines Unternehmens von der {\"o}ffentlichen Auftragsvergabe. Sie geht damit in ihrer Intensit{\"a}t deutlich {\"u}ber den Einzelfallausschluss hinaus und kann f{\"u}r die betroffenen Unternehmen gegebenenfalls sogar existenzbedrohend sein. Obwohl die Verh{\"a}ngung von Vergabesperren seit langem praktiziert wird, hat sie auch im Zuge der Vergaberechtsreform im Jahr 2016 keine eindeutige Regelung erfahren. Diese Arbeit untersucht daher die rechtliche Zul{\"a}ssigkeit solcher Vergabesperren. Die {\"o}ffentliche Auftragsvergabe, die origin{\"a}r lediglich Beschaffungszwecken dient, wird seit einigen Jahren verst{\"a}rkt zur Verfolgung anderer, h{\"a}ufig politischer Ziele eingesetzt. Schwerpunkt der Arbeit ist daher die Frage, ob eine Vergabesperre zur Verfolgung solcher {\"o}ffentlicher Zwecke verh{\"a}ngt werden darf, die keinen unmittelbaren Zusammenhang zur Auftragsvergabe aufweisen. Von besonderer Bedeutung ist dabei der Einsatz der Vergabesperre als Sanktionsmittel.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Schlereth2018,
  author    = {Schlereth, Thomas},
  title     = {Konjunktion},
  publisher = {tanscript},
  address   = {Bielefeld},
  isbn      = {978-3-8376-4418-0},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {278},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Schimka2018,
  author    = {Schimka, Selina},
  title     = {Photoresponsive soft nano-objects},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {135},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Scheerer2018,
  author    = {Scheerer, Jana Sibylle},
  title     = {Zur Aushandlung interaktionaler und politischer Accountability in Wahlsendungen mit Zuschauerbeteiligung},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {378},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Scharlau2018,
  author    = {Scharlau, Maria},
  title     = {Schutz von Versammlungen auf privatem Grund},
  series = {Jus Internationale et Europaeum},
  journal   = {Jus Internationale et Europaeum},
  number    = {142},
  publisher = {Mohr Siebeck},
  address   = {T{\"u}bingen},
  isbn      = {978-3-16-156005-7},
  issn      = {1861-1893},
  doi       = {10.1628/9783161560064},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {XXVII, 268},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {The freedom of assembly is a fundamental right in a functioning democracy - but does it apply when the public gathers to demonstrate on private property? Do land owners of, for example, privatized areas such as shopping malls, airports or railway stations have to tolerate protests on their premises? Maria Scharlau examines how the conflict between property rights and the right to peaceful protest could be solved.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{SarnesNitu2018,
  author    = {Sarnes-Nitu, Juliane},
  title     = {Mit der Schuldenbremse zu nachhaltigen Staatsfinanzen?},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-413804},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {294},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {The core question of this paper is: Does the debt brake secure fiscal sustainability in Germany? To answer this question, we will first examine the effects of the introduction of the debt brake on the German federal states in the period 2010-16. For this purpose, the observed consolidation performance and the consolidation incentive or pressure experienced by the federal states were evaluated with the help of a scorecard specifically developed for this purpose. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze how the scorecard factors affect the consolidation performance of the federal states. It found that nearly 90\% of the variation was explained by the independent variables budgetary position, debt burden, revenue growth and pension burden. Thus the debt brake likely played a subordinate role in the 2009-2016 consolidation episode. Subsequently, the data collected in 65 expert interviews was used to analyze the limits of the new fiscal rule, and to determine which potential risks could hinder or prevent the debt brake in the future: municipal debt, FEUs, contingent liabilities in the form of guarantees for financial institutions and pension obligations. The frequently expressed criticism that the debt brake impedes economic growth and public investments is also reviewed and rejected. Finally, we discuss potential future developments regarding the debt brake and the German public administration as well as future consolidation efforts of the L{\"a}nder.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Sapegin2018,
  author    = {Sapegin, Andrey},
  title     = {High-Speed Security Log Analytics Using Hybrid Outlier Detection},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42611},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-426118},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {162},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {The rapid development and integration of Information Technologies over the last decades influenced all areas of our life, including the business world. Yet not only the modern enterprises become digitalised, but also security and criminal threats move into the digital sphere. To withstand these threats, modern companies must be aware of all activities within their computer networks. The keystone for such continuous security monitoring is a Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) system that collects and processes all security-related log messages from the entire enterprise network. However, digital transformations and technologies, such as network virtualisation and widespread usage of mobile communications, lead to a constantly increasing number of monitored devices and systems. As a result, the amount of data that has to be processed by a SIEM system is increasing rapidly. Besides that, in-depth security analysis of the captured data requires the application of rather sophisticated outlier detection algorithms that have a high computational complexity. Existing outlier detection methods often suffer from performance issues and are not directly applicable for high-speed and high-volume analysis of heterogeneous security-related events, which becomes a major challenge for modern SIEM systems nowadays. This thesis provides a number of solutions for the mentioned challenges. First, it proposes a new SIEM system architecture for high-speed processing of security events, implementing parallel, in-memory and in-database processing principles. The proposed architecture also utilises the most efficient log format for high-speed data normalisation. Next, the thesis offers several novel high-speed outlier detection methods, including generic Hybrid Outlier Detection that can efficiently be used for Big Data analysis. Finally, the special User Behaviour Outlier Detection is proposed for better threat detection and analysis of particular user behaviour cases. The proposed architecture and methods were evaluated in terms of both performance and accuracy, as well as compared with classical architecture and existing algorithms. These evaluations were performed on multiple data sets, including simulated data, well-known public intrusion detection data set, and real data from the large multinational enterprise. The evaluation results have proved the high performance and efficacy of the developed methods. All concepts proposed in this thesis were integrated into the prototype of the SIEM system, capable of high-speed analysis of Big Security Data, which makes this integrated SIEM platform highly relevant for modern enterprise security applications.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Sander2018,
  author    = {Sander, Mathias},
  title     = {Ultrafast tailored strain fields in nanostructures},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-417863},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xvii, 119},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {This publication based thesis, which consists of seven published articles, summarizes my contributions to the research field of laser excited ultrafast structural dynamics. The coherent and incoherent lattice dynamics on microscopic length scales are detected by ultrashort optical and X-ray pulses. The understanding of the complex physical processes is essential for future improvements of technological applications. For this purpose, tabletop soruces and large scale facilities, e.g. synchrotrons, are employed to study structural dynamics of longitudinal acoustic strain waves and heat transport. The investigated effects cover timescales from hundreds of femtoseconds up to several microseconds. The main part of this thesis is dedicated to the investigation of tailored phonon wave packets propagating in perovskite nanostructures. Tailoring is achieved either by laser excitation of nanostructured bilayer samples or by a temporal series of laser pulses. Due to the propagation of longitudinal acoustic phonons, the out-of-plane lattice spacing of a thin film insulator-metal bilayer sample is modulated on an ultrafast timescale. This leads to an ultrafast modulation of the X-ray diffraction efficiency which is employed as a phonon Bragg switch to shorten hard X-ray pulses emitted from a 3rd generation synchrotron. In addition, we have observed nonlinear mixing of high amplitude phonon wave packets which originates from an anharmonic interatomic potential. A chirped optical pulse sequence excites a narrow band phonon wave packet with specific momentum and energy. The second harmonic generation of these phonon wave packets is followed by ultrafast X-ray diffraction. Phonon upconversion takes place because the high amplitude phonon wave packet modulates the acoustic properties of the crystal which leads to self steepening and to the successive generation of higher harmonics of the phonon wave packet. Furthermore, we have demonstrated ultrafast strain in direction parallel to the sample surface. Two consecutive so-called transient grating excitations displaced in space and time are used to coherently control thermal gradients and surface acoustic modes. The amplitude of the coherent and incoherent surface excursion is disentangled by time resolved X-ray reflectivity measurements. We calibrate the absolute amplitude of thermal and acoustic surface excursion with measurements of longitudinal phonon propagation. In addition, we develop a diffraction model which allows for measuring the surface excursion on an absolute length scale with sub-{\"A}angstr{\"o}m precision. Finally, I demonstrate full coherent control of an excited surface deformation by amplifying and suppressing thermal and coherent excitations at the surface of a laser-excited Yttrium-manganite sample.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Sakowski2018,
  author    = {Sakowski, Fabian},
  title     = {Bodennutzung in der New Economic Geography},
  series = {Potsdamer Schriften zur Raumwirtschaft},
  journal   = {Potsdamer Schriften zur Raumwirtschaft},
  number    = {7},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-86956-426-5},
  issn      = {2190-8702},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-413737},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xiv, 290},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Mit der New Economic Geography (NEG) kann die Verteilung von Unternehmen und Arbeitskr{\"a}ften auf Regionen modellhaft diskutiert werden. In diesem Beitrag wird untersucht, welche r{\"a}umlichen Verteilungen der mobilen Arbeitskr{\"a}fte und Unternehmen in einem NEG-Modellansatz resultieren, wenn die Gr{\"o}ße einer Region und damit der ihr zur Verf{\"u}gung stehende Boden, die zu {\"u}berwindende Distanz f{\"u}r den G{\"u}tertransport innerhalb der Regionen, sowie Bodennutzungskonkurrenzen zwischen Wohnen, Industrie und Landwirtschaft ber{\"u}cksichtigt werden. Auch wird der Frage nachgegangen, welche Wohlfahrtswirkungen hierbei resultieren.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{SaadHassanin2018,
  author    = {Saad Hassanin, Alshaimaa},
  title     = {Dynamic coronal mass ejection process and magnetic reconnection},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-419626},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xix, 113},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {The Sun is the nearest star to the Earth. It consists of an interior and an atmosphere. The convection zone is the outermost layer of the solar interior. A flux rope may emerge as a coherent structure from the convection zone into the solar atmosphere or be formed by magnetic reconnection in the atmosphere. A flux rope is a bundle of magnetic field lines twisting around an axis field line, creating a helical shape by which dense filament material can be supported against gravity. The flux rope is also considered as the key structure of the most energetic phenomena in the solar system, such as coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and flares. These magnetic flux ropes can produce severe geomagnetic storms. In particular, to improve the ability to forecast space weather, it is important to enrich our knowledge about the dynamic formation of flux ropes and the underlying physical mechanisms that initiate their eruption, such as a CME. A confined eruption consists of a filament eruption and usually an associated are, but does not evolve into a CME; rather, the moving plasma is halted in the solar corona and usually seen to fall back. The first detailed observations of a confined filament eruption were obtained on 2002 May 27by the TRACE satellite in the 195 A band. So, in the Chapter 3, we focus on a flux rope instability model. A twisted flux rope can become unstable by entering the kink instability regime. We show that the kink instability, which occurs if the twist of a flux rope exceeds a critical value, is capable of initiating of an eruption. This model is tested against the well observed confined eruption on 2002 May 27 in a parametric magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation study that comprises all phases of the event. Very good agreement with the essential observed properties is obtained, only except for a relatively poor matching of the initial filament height. Therefore, in Chapter 4, we submerge the center point of the flux rope deeper below the photosphere to obtain a flatter coronal rope section and a better matching with the initial height profile of the erupting filament. This implies a more realistic inclusion of the photospheric line tying. All basic assumptions and the other parameter settings are kept the same as in Chapter 3. This complement of the parametric study shows that the flux rope instability model can yield an even better match with the observational data. We also focus in Chapters 3 and 4 on the magnetic reconnection during the confined eruption, demonstrating that it occurs in two distinct locations and phases that correspond to the observed brightenings and changes of topology, and consider the fate of the erupting flux, which can reform a (less twisted) flux rope. The Sun also produces series of homologous eruptions, i.e. eruptions which occur repetitively in the same active region and are of similar morphology. Therefore, in Chapter 5, we employ the reformed flux rope as a new initial condition, to investigate the possibility of subsequent homologous eruptions. Free magnetic energy is built up by imposing motions in the bottom boundary, such as converging motions, leading to flux cancellation. We apply converging motions in the sunspot area, such that a small part of the flux from the sunspots with different polarities is transported toward the polarity inversion line (PIL) and cancels with each other. The reconnection associated with the cancellation process forms more helical magnetic flux around the reformed flux rope, which leads to a second and a third eruption. In this study, we obtain the first MHD simulation results of a homologous sequence of eruptions that show a transition from a confined to two ejective eruptions, based on the reformation of a flux rope after each eruption.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Roezer2018,
  author    = {R{\"o}zer, Viktor},
  title     = {Pluvial flood loss to private households},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42991},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-429910},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {XXII, 109},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Today, more than half of the world's population lives in urban areas. With a high density of population and assets, urban areas are not only the economic, cultural and social hubs of every society, they are also highly susceptible to natural disasters. As a consequence of rising sea levels and an expected increase in extreme weather events caused by a changing climate in combination with growing cities, flooding is an increasing threat to many urban agglomerations around the globe. To mitigate the destructive consequences of flooding, appropriate risk management and adaptation strategies are required. So far, flood risk management in urban areas is almost exclusively focused on managing river and coastal flooding. Often overlooked is the risk from small-scale rainfall-triggered flooding, where the rainfall intensity of rainstorms exceeds the capacity of urban drainage systems, leading to immediate flooding. Referred to as pluvial flooding, this flood type exclusive to urban areas has caused severe losses in cities around the world. Without further intervention, losses from pluvial flooding are expected to increase in many urban areas due to an increase of impervious surfaces compounded with an aging drainage infrastructure and a projected increase in heavy precipitation events. While this requires the integration of pluvial flood risk into risk management plans, so far little is known about the adverse consequences of pluvial flooding due to a lack of both detailed data sets and studies on pluvial flood impacts. As a consequence, methods for reliably estimating pluvial flood losses, needed for pluvial flood risk assessment, are still missing. Therefore, this thesis investigates how pluvial flood losses to private households can be reliably estimated, based on an improved understanding of the drivers of pluvial flood loss. For this purpose, detailed data from pluvial flood-affected households was collected through structured telephone- and web-surveys following pluvial flood events in Germany and the Netherlands. Pluvial flood losses to households are the result of complex interactions between impact characteristics such as the water depth and a household's resistance as determined by its risk awareness, preparedness, emergency response, building properties and other influencing factors. Both exploratory analysis and machine-learning approaches were used to analyze differences in resistance and impacts between households and their effects on the resulting losses. The comparison of case studies showed that the awareness around pluvial flooding among private households is quite low. Low awareness not only challenges the effective dissemination of early warnings, but was also found to influence the implementation of private precautionary measures. The latter were predominately implemented by households with previous experience of pluvial flooding. Even cases where previous flood events affected a different part of the same city did not lead to an increase in preparedness of the surveyed households, highlighting the need to account for small-scale variability in both impact and resistance parameters when assessing pluvial flood risk. While it was concluded that the combination of low awareness, ineffective early warning and the fact that only a minority of buildings were adapted to pluvial flooding impaired the coping capacities of private households, the often low water levels still enabled households to mitigate or even prevent losses through a timely and effective emergency response. These findings were confirmed by the detection of loss-influencing variables, showing that cases in which households were able to prevent any loss to the building structure are predominately explained by resistance variables such as the household's risk awareness, while the degree of loss is mainly explained by impact variables. Based on the important loss-influencing variables detected, different flood loss models were developed. Similar to flood loss models for river floods, the empirical data from the preceding data collection was used to train flood loss models describing the relationship between impact and resistance parameters and the resulting loss to building structures. Different approaches were adapted from river flood loss models using both models with the water depth as only predictor for building structure loss and models incorporating additional variables from the preceding variable detection routine. The high predictive errors of all compared models showed that point predictions are not suitable for estimating losses on the building level, as they severely impair the reliability of the estimates. For that reason, a new probabilistic framework based on Bayesian inference was introduced that is able to provide predictive distributions instead of single loss estimates. These distributions not only give a range of probable losses, they also provide information on how likely a specific loss value is, representing the uncertainty in the loss estimate. Using probabilistic loss models, it was found that the certainty and reliability of a loss estimate on the building level is not only determined by the use of additional predictors as shown in previous studies, but also by the choice of response distribution defining the shape of the predictive distribution. Here, a mix between a beta and a Bernoulli distribution to account for households that are able to prevent losses to their building's structure was found to provide significantly more certain and reliable estimates than previous approaches using Gaussian or non-parametric response distributions. The successful model transfer and post-event application to estimate building structure loss in Houston, TX, caused by pluvial flooding during Hurricane Harvey confirmed previous findings, and demonstrated the potential of the newly developed multi-variable beta model for future risk assessments. The highly detailed input data set constructed from openly available data sources containing over 304,000 affected buildings in Harris County further showed the potential of data-driven, building-level loss models for pluvial flood risk assessment. In conclusion, pluvial flood losses to private households are the result of complex interactions between impact and resistance variables, which should be represented in loss models. The local occurrence of pluvial floods requires loss estimates on high spatial resolutions, i.e. on the building level, where losses are variable and uncertainties are high. Therefore, probabilistic loss estimates describing the uncertainty of the estimate should be used instead of point predictions. While the performance of probabilistic models on the building level are mainly driven by the choice of response distribution, multi-variable models are recommended for two reasons: First, additional resistance variables improve the detection of cases in which households were able to prevent structural losses. Second, the added variability of additional predictors provides a better representation of the uncertainties when loss estimates from multiple buildings are aggregated. This leads to the conclusion that data-driven probabilistic loss models on the building level allow for a reliable loss estimation at an unprecedented level of detail, with a consistent quantification of uncertainties on all aggregation levels. This makes the presented approach suitable for a wide range of applications, from decision support in spatial planning to impact- based early warning systems.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Rupp2018,
  author    = {Rupp, Michael},
  title     = {„Probably the Finest Organisation of its Kind"},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42985},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-429851},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {334},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Die Entstehung der modernen britischen Nachrichtendienstarchitektur fiel in die erste H{\"a}lfte des zwanzigsten Jahrhunderts. Zeitgleich erfuhr die britische Gesellschaft eine nie dagewesene Demokratisierung. Die Arbeit versucht darzulegen, wie auch vermeintlich arkane Bereiche staatlichen Handelns in {\"o}ffentliche Aushandlungsprozesse eingebettet sind und rekonstruiert deshalb erstmals systematisch {\"o}ffentliche und fach{\"o}ffentliche Diskurse {\"u}ber Nachrichtendienste Großbritanniens im Zeitalter der Weltkriege.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Rumschoettel2018,
  author    = {Rumsch{\"o}ttel, Jens},
  title     = {Charakterisierung von DNA-Polyplexen mit verzweigten reinen und Maltose modifizierten Poly(ethyleniminen) sowie Polyplexen mit Goldnanopartikeln},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {125},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Rubach2018,
  author    = {Rubach, Charlott},
  title     = {Kooperationsbeziehungen zwischen Eltern und Lehrkr{\"a}ften am Ende der Sekundarstufe I},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Rothkegel2018,
  author    = {Rothkegel, Lars Oliver Martin},
  title     = {Human scanpaths in natural scene viewing and natural scene search},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42000},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-420005},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xv, 131},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Understanding how humans move their eyes is an important part for understanding the functioning of the visual system. Analyzing eye movements from observations of natural scenes on a computer screen is a step to understand human visual behavior in the real world. When analyzing eye-movement data from scene-viewing experiments, the impor- tant questions are where (fixation locations), how long (fixation durations) and when (ordering of fixations) participants fixate on an image. By answering these questions, computational models can be developed which predict human scanpaths. Models serve as a tool to understand the underlying cognitive processes while observing an image, especially the allocation of visual attention. The goal of this thesis is to provide new contributions to characterize and model human scanpaths on natural scenes. The results from this thesis will help to understand and describe certain systematic eye-movement tendencies, which are mostly independent of the image. One eye-movement tendency I focus on throughout this thesis is the tendency to fixate more in the center of an image than on the outer parts, called the central fixation bias. Another tendency, which I will investigate thoroughly, is the characteristic distribution of angles between successive eye movements. The results serve to evaluate and improve a previously published model of scanpath generation from our laboratory, the SceneWalk model. Overall, six experiments were conducted for this thesis which led to the following five core results: i) A spatial inhibition of return can be found in scene-viewing data. This means that locations which have already been fixated are afterwards avoided for a certain time interval (Chapter 2). ii) The initial fixation position when observing an image has a long-lasting influence of up to five seconds on further scanpath progression (Chapter 2 \& 3). iii) The often described central fixation bias on images depends strongly on the duration of the initial fixation. Long-lasting initial fixations lead to a weaker central fixation bias than short fixations (Chapter 2 \& 3). iv) Human observers adjust their basic eye-movement parameters, like fixation dura- tions and saccade amplitudes, to the visual properties of a target they look for in visual search (Chapter 4). v) The angle between two adjacent saccades is an indicator for the selectivity of the upcoming saccade target (Chapter 4). All results emphasize the importance of systematic behavioral eye-movement tenden- cies and dynamic aspects of human scanpaths in scene viewing.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Rosenwinkel2018,
  author    = {Rosenwinkel, Swenja},
  title     = {Rock glaciers and natural dams in Central Asia},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-410386},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xvii, 181},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {The formation and breaching of natural dammed lakes have formed the landscapes, especially in seismically active high-mountain regions. Dammed lakes pose both, potential water resources, and hazard in case of dam breaching. Central Asia has mostly arid and semi-arid climates. Rock glaciers already store more water than ice-glaciers in some semi-arid regions of the world, but their distribution and advance mechanisms are still under debate in recent research. Their impact on the water availability in Central Asia will likely increase as temperatures rise and glaciers diminish. This thesis provides insight to the relative age distribution of selected Kyrgyz and Kazakh rock glaciers and their single lobes derived from lichenometric dating. The size of roughly 8000 different lichen specimens was used to approximate an exposure age of the underlying debris surface. We showed that rock-glacier movement differs signifcantly on small scales. This has several implications for climatic inferences from rock glaciers. First, reactivation of their lobes does not necessarily point to climatic changes, or at least at out-of-equilibrium conditions. Second, the elevations of rock-glacier toes can no longer be considered as general indicators of the limit of sporadic mountain permafrost as they have been used traditionally. In the mountainous and seismically active region of Central Asia, natural dams, besides rock glaciers, also play a key role in controlling water and sediment infux into river valleys. However, rock glaciers advancing into valleys seem to be capable of infuencing the stream network, to dam rivers, or to impound lakes. This influence has not previously been addressed. We quantitatively explored these controls using a new inventory of 1300 Central Asian rock glaciers. Elevation, potential incoming solar radiation, and the size of rock glaciers and their feeder basins played key roles in predicting dam appearance. Bayesian techniques were used to credibly distinguish between lichen sizes on rock glaciers and their lobes, and to find those parameters of a rock-glacier system that are most credibly expressing the potential to build natural dams. To place these studies in the region's history of natural dams, a combination of dating of former lake levels and outburst flood modelling addresses the history and possible outburst flood hypotheses of the second largest mountain lake of the world, Issyk Kul in Kyrgyzstan. Megafoods from breached earthen or glacial dams were found to be a likely explanation for some of the lake's highly fluctuating water levels. However, our detailed analysis of candidate lake sediments and outburst-flood deposits also showed that more localised dam breaks to the west of Issyk Kul could have left similar geomorphic and sedimentary evidence in this Central Asian mountain landscape. We thus caution against readily invoking megafloods as the main cause of lake-level drops of Issyk Kul. In summary, this thesis addresses some new pathways for studying rock glaciers and natural dams with several practical implications for studies on mountain permafrost and natural hazards.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Roes2018,
  author    = {Roes, Michel},
  title     = {Corporate Social Responsibility und finanzielle Performance von b{\"o}rsennotierten Unternehmen},
  series = {Schriftenreihe Finanzierung und Banken},
  volume    = {2018},
  journal   = {Schriftenreihe Finanzierung und Banken},
  number    = {31},
  publisher = {Wissenschaft \& Praxis},
  address   = {Sternenfels},
  isbn      = {978-3-89673-748-9},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {XVII, 284},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{RodriguezLoureiro2018,
  author    = {Rodriguez Loureiro, Ignacio},
  title     = {Structural characterization of single and interacting soft interfaces displaying brushes of synthetic or biomolecular polymers},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42367},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-423675},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {132},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {The interaction between surfaces displaying end-grafted hydrophilic polymer brushes plays important roles in biology and in many wet-technological applications. The outer surfaces of Gram-negative bacteria, for example, are composed of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) molecules exposing oligo- and polysaccharides to the aqueous environment. This unique, structurally complex biological interface is of great scientific interest as it mediates the interaction of bacteria with neighboring bacteria in colonies and biofilms. The interaction between polymer-decorated surfaces is generally coupled to the distance-dependent conformation of the polymer chains. Therefore, structural insight into the interacting surfaces is a prerequisite to understand the interaction characteristics as well as the underlying physical mechanisms. This problem has been addressed by theory, but accurate experimental data on polymer conformations under confinement are rare, because obtaining perturbation-free structural insight into buried soft interfaces is inherently difficult. In this thesis, lipid membrane surfaces decorated with hydrophilic polymers of technological and biological relevance are investigated under controlled interaction conditions, i.e., at defined surface separations. For this purpose, dedicated sample architectures and experimental tools are developed. Via ellipsometry and neutron reflectometry pressure-distance curves and distance-dependent polymer conformations in terms of brush compression and reciprocative interpenetration are determined. Additional element-specific structural insight into the end-point distribution of interacting brushes is obtained by standing-wave x-ray fluorescence (SWXF). The methodology is first established for poly[ethylene glycol] (PEG) brushes of defined length and grafting density. For this system, neutron reflectometry revealed pronounced brush interpenetration, which is not captured in common brush theories and therefore motivates rigorous simulation-based treatments. In the second step the same approach is applied to realistic mimics of the outer surfaces of Gram-negative bacteria: monolayers of wild type LPSs extracted from E. Coli O55:B5 displaying strain-specific O-side chains. The neutron reflectometry experiments yield unprecedented structural insight into bacterial interactions, which are of great relevance for the properties of biofilms.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{RodriguezCubillos2018,
  author    = {Rodriguez Cubillos, Andres Eduardo},
  title     = {Understanding the impact of heterozygosity on metabolism, growth and hybrid necrosis within a local Arabidopsis thaliana collection site},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-416758},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {106},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Plants are unable to move away from unwanted environments and therefore have to locally adapt to changing conditions. Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis), a model organism in plant biology, has been able to rapidly colonize a wide spectrum of environments with different biotic and abiotic challenges. In recent years, natural variation in Arabidopsis has shown to be an excellent resource to study genes underlying adaptive traits and hybridization's impact on natural diversity. Studies on Arabidopsis hybrids have provided information on the genetic basis of hybrid incompatibilities and heterosis, as well as inheritance patterns in hybrids. However, previous studies have focused mainly on global accessions and yet much remains to be known about variation happening within a local growth habitat. In my PhD, I investigated the impact of heterozygosity at a local collection site of Arabidopsis and its role in local adaptation. I focused on two different projects, both including hybrids among Arabidopsis individuals collected around T{\"u}bingen in Southern Germany. The first project sought to understand the impact of hybridization on metabolism and growth within a local Arabidopsis collection site. For this, the inheritance patterns in primary and secondary metabolism, together with rosette size of full diallel crosses among seven parents originating from Southern Germany were analyzed. In comparison to primary metabolites, compounds from secondary metabolism were more variable and showed pronounced non-additive inheritance patterns. In addition, defense metabolites, mainly glucosinolates, displayed the highest degree of variation from the midparent values and were positively correlated with a proxy for plant size. In the second project, the role of ACCELERATED CELL DEATH 6 (ACD6) in the defense response pathway of Arabidopsis necrotic hybrids was further characterized. Allelic interactions of ACD6 have been previously linked to hybrid necrosis, both among global and local Arabidopsis accessions. Hence, I characterized the early metabolic and ionic changes induced by ACD6, together with marker gene expression assays of physiological responses linked to its activation. An upregulation of simple sugars and metabolites linked to non-enzymatic antioxidants and the TCA cycle were detected, together with putrescine and acids linked to abiotic stress responses. Senescence was found to be induced earlier in necrotic hybrids and cytoplasmic calcium signaling was unaffected in response to temperature. In parallel, GFP-tagged constructs of ACD6 were developed. This work therefore gave novel insights on the role of heterozygosity in natural variation and adaptation and expanded our current knowledge on the physiological and molecular responses associated with ACD6 activation.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Roder2018,
  author    = {Roder, Phillip},
  title     = {Kombination von Fluoreszenzmikroskopie und Rasterkraftmikroskopie zur Aufkl{\"a}rung physiologischer Prozesse in lebenden Zellen},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-419806},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xvi, 113},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Innerhalb dieser Doktorarbeit wurde eine neuartige Mikromanipulationstechnik f{\"u}r die lokale Fl{\"u}ssigkeitsabgabe am komplexen Dr{\"u}sengewebe der Schabe P. americana charakterisiert und f{\"u}r die damit verbundene gezielte Manipulation von einzelnen Zellen in einem Zellkomplex (Gewebe) angewandt. Bei dieser Mikromanipulationstechnik handelt es sich um die seit 2009 bekannte nanofluidische Rasterkraftmikroskopie (FluidFM = fluidic force microscopy). Dabei werden sehr kleine mikrokan{\"a}lige Rasterkraftspitzen bzw. Mikro-/Nanopipetten mit einer {\"O}ffnung zwischen 300 nm und 2 µm verwendet, mit denen es m{\"o}glich ist, sehr kleine Volumina im Pikoliter- bis Femtoliter-Bereich (10-12 L - 10-15 L) gezielt und ortsgenau abzugeben. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit war die Analyse zellul{\"a}rer Prozesse, wie z. B. Zell-Zell-Kommunikation oder Signalweiterleitung, zwischen benachbarten Zellen unter Zuhilfenahme der Fluoreszenzmikroskopie. Mit dieser Methode k{\"o}nnen die Zellen und ihre Bestandteile mittels vorheriger Farbstoffbeladung unter einem Mikroskop mit hohem Kontrast optisch dargestellt werden. Mit Hilfe der Fluoreszenzmikroskopie sollten schlussendlich die zellul{\"a}ren Reaktionen innerhalb des Gewebes nach der lokalen Manipulation visualisiert werden. Zun{\"a}chst wurde die Anwendung des Systems an Luft und w{\"a}ssriger Umgebung beschrieben. In diesem Zusammenhang wurde eine Reinigungs- und Beladungsmethode entwickelt, mit der es m{\"o}glich war, die kostspieligen Mikro-/Nanopipetten zu reinigen und anschließend mehrmals wiederzuverwenden. Hierzu wurde eine alternative Methode getestet, mit der das Diffusionsverhalten von Farbstoffmolek{\"u}len in unterschiedlichen Medien untersucht werden kann. Des Weiteren wurden die Systemparameter optimiert, welche n{\"o}tig sind, um zwischen der Probenoberfl{\"a}che und der Pipette einen guten Pipetten{\"o}ffnungs-abschluss zu erhalten. Dieser Abschluss ist essentiell, damit die abgegebene Fl{\"u}ssigkeit ausschließlich in der Abgaberegion mit der Probe wechselwirkt und die darauffolgenden Reaktionen nur innerhalb des Gewebes erfolgen, da ansonsten die Zell-Zell-Signalweiterleitung zwischen den Zellen nicht eindeutig nachvollzogen werden kann. Diese interzellul{\"a}re Kommunikation wurde anhand zweier sekund{\"a}rer Botenstoffe (Ca2+ und NO) untersucht. Hierbei war es m{\"o}glich einzelne lokale Reaktionen zu detektieren, welche sich {\"u}ber weitere Zellen ausbreiteten. Schlussendlich wurde die Fertigung einer speziellen Injektionspipette beschrieben, welche an zwei biologischen Systemen getestet wurde.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Robalo2018,
  author    = {Robalo, Jo{\~a}o Ramiro Alavedra Mendes},
  title     = {Investigating the role of fluorinated amino acids on protein structure and function using simulation},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {84},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {en}
}