@phdthesis{Bebnowski2021,
  author    = {Bebnowski, David},
  title     = {K{\"a}mpfe mit Marx},
  series = {Geschichte der Gegenwart},
  journal   = {Geschichte der Gegenwart},
  number    = {25},
  publisher = {Wallstein},
  address   = {G{\"o}ttingen},
  isbn      = {978-3-8353-5031-1},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {534},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Die Wiederentdeckung des Marxismus durch die Neue Linke: eine spannungsvolle Geschichte.Schon vor 1968, in den 1950er Jahren, entstand eine Neue Linke. Junge akademische Intellektuelle begannen jenseits der polarisierten traditionellen Arbeiterbewegung nach neuen Ankn{\"u}pfungspunkten f{\"u}r ein linkes Denken zu suchen. Neu gegr{\"u}ndete Theoriezeitschriften wurden dabei zu ihren Organisationskernen. In der Theorie fand die Neue Linke gemeinsame {\"U}berzeugungen und verschmolz auch hierdurch zu einer vorgestellten Gemeinschaft. Insbesondere marxistische Theorien wurden wiederentdeckt und neu interpretiert.Mit Marx f{\"u}hrte die Neue Linke gemeinsame K{\"a}mpfe gegen eine »b{\"u}rgerliche« {\"O}ffentlichkeit - mit Marx trug sie aber auch immer st{\"a}rker K{\"a}mpfe untereinander aus. David Bebnowski nutzt die beiden West-Berliner Zeitschriften »Das Argument« und »PROKLA« als Seismographen und Sonden zur Ergr{\"u}ndung der Geschichte der Neuen Linken und des akademischen Marxismus. Dabei wird deutlich, dass »1968« nicht nur f{\"u}r Aufbr{\"u}che steht, sondern ebenso zu Spaltungen f{\"u}hrte, die die Linke bis heute kennzeichnen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BeckerD'AloisioChristensonetal.2021,
  author    = {Becker, George D. and D'Aloisio, Anson and Christenson, Holly M. and Zhu, Yongda and Worseck, G{\´a}bor and Bolton, James S.},
  title     = {The mean free path of ionizing photons at 5 < z < 6},
  series = {Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society},
  volume    = {508},
  journal   = {Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {0035-8711},
  doi       = {10.1093/mnras/stab2696},
  pages     = {1853 -- 1869},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The mean free path of ionizing photons, lambda(mfp), is a key factor in the photoionization of the intergalactic medium (IGM). At z greater than or similar to 5, however, lambda(mfp) may be short enough that measurements towards QSOs are biased by the QSO proximity effect. We present new direct measurements of lambda(mfp) that address this bias and extend up to z similar to 6 for the first time. Our measurements at z similar to 5 are based on data from the Giant Gemini GMOS survey and new Keck LRIS observations of low-luminosity QSOs. At z similar to 6 we use QSO spectra from Keck ESI and VLT X-Shooter. We measure lambda(mfp) = 9.09(-1.28)(+1.62) proper Mpc and 0.75(-0.45)(+0.65) proper Mpc (68 percent confidence) at z = 5.1 and 6.0, respectively. The results at z = 5.1 are consistent with existing measurements, suggesting that bias from the proximity effect is minor at this redshift. At z = 6.0, however, we find that neglecting the proximity effect biases the result high by a factor of two or more. Our measurement at z = 6.0 falls well below extrapolations from lower redshifts, indicating rapid evolution in lambda(mfp) over 5 < z < 6. This evolution disfavours models in which reionization ended early enough that the IGM had time to fully relax hydrodynamically by z = 6, but is qualitatively consistent with models wherein reionization completed at z = 6 or even significantly later. Our mean free path results are most consistent with late reionization models wherein the IGM is still 20 percent neutral at z = 6, although our measurement at z = 6.0 is even lower than these models prefer.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BeckusEliaz2021,
  author    = {Beckus, Siegfried and Eliaz, Latif},
  title     = {Eigenfunctions growth of R-limits on graphs},
  series = {Journal of spectral theory / European Mathematical Society},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {Journal of spectral theory / European Mathematical Society},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {EMS Press, an imprint of the European Mathematical Society - EMS - Publishing House GmbH, Institut f{\"u}r Mathematik, Technische Universit{\"a}t},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {1664-039X},
  doi       = {10.4171/JST/389},
  pages     = {1895 -- 1933},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {A characterization of the essential spectrum of Schrodinger operators on infinite graphs is derived involving the concept of R-limits. This concept, which was introduced previously for operators on N and Z(d) as "right-limits," captures the behaviour of the operator at infinity. For graphs with sub-exponential growth rate, we show that each point in sigma(ss)(H) corresponds to a bounded generalized eigenfunction of a corresponding R-limit of H. If, additionally, the graph is of uniform sub-exponential growth, also the converse inclusion holds.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BedurkeKlamrothSaalfrank2021,
  author    = {Bedurke, Florian and Klamroth, Tillmann and Saalfrank, Peter},
  title     = {Many-electron dynamics in laser-driven molecules},
  series = {Physical chemistry, chemical physics : a journal of European Chemical Societies},
  volume    = {23},
  journal   = {Physical chemistry, chemical physics : a journal of European Chemical Societies},
  number    = {24},
  publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry},
  address   = {Cambridge},
  issn      = {1463-9076},
  doi       = {10.1039/d1cp01100f},
  pages     = {13544 -- 13560},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {With recent experimental advances in laser-driven electron dynamics in polyatomic molecules, the need arises for their reliable theoretical modelling. Among efficient, yet fairly accurate methods for many-electron dynamics are Time-Dependent Configuration Interaction Singles (TD-CIS) (a Wave Function Theory (WFT) method), and Real-Time Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory (RT-TD-DFT), respectively. Here we compare TD-CIS combined with extended Atomic Orbital (AO) bases, TD-CIS/AO, with RT-TD-DFT in a grid representation of the Kohn-Sham orbitals, RT-TD-DFT/Grid. Possible ionization losses are treated by complex absorbing potentials in energy space (for TD-CIS/AO) or real space (for RT-TD-DFT), respectively. The comparison is made for two test cases: (i) state-to-state transitions using resonant lasers (pi-pulses), i.e., bound electron motion, and (ii) large-amplitude electron motion leading to High Harmonic Generation (HHG). Test systems are a H-2 molecule and cis- and trans-1,2-dichlorethene, C2H2Cl2, (DCE). From time-dependent electronic energies, dipole moments and from HHG spectra, the following observations are made: first, for bound state-to-state transitions enforced by pi-pulses, TD-CIS nicely accounts for the expected population inversion in contrast to RT-TD-DFT, in agreement with earlier findings. Secondly, when using laser pulses under non-resonant conditions, dipole moments and lower harmonics in HHG spectra are obtained by TD-CIS/AO which are in good agreement with those obtained with RT-TD-DFT/Grid. Deviations become larger for higher harmonics and at low laser intensities, i.e., for low-intensity HHG signals. We also carefully test effects of basis sets for TD-CIS/AO and grid size for RT-TD-DFT/Grid, different exchange-correlation functionals in RT-TD-DFT, and absorbing boundaries. Finally, for the present examples, TD-CIS/AO is observed to be at least an order of magnitude more computationally efficient than RT-TD-DFT/Grid.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BehlBalkLuetzowetal.2021,
  author    = {Behl, Marc and Balk, Maria and L{\"u}tzow, Karola and Lendlein, Andreas},
  title     = {Impact of block sequence on the phase morphology of multiblock copolymers obtained by high-throughput robotic synthesis},
  series = {European polymer journal : EPJ},
  volume    = {143},
  journal   = {European polymer journal : EPJ},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {0014-3057},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110207},
  pages     = {9},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The chemical nature, the number length of integrated building blocks, as well as their sequence structure impact the phase morphology of multiblock copolymers (MBC) consisting of two non-miscible block types. We hypothesized that a strictly alternating sequence should favour phase segregation and in this way the elastic properties. A library of well-defined MBCs composed of two different hydrophobic, semi-crystalline blocks providing domains with well-separated melting temperatures (T(m)s) were synthesized from the same type of precursor building blocks as strictly alternating (MBCsalt) or random (MBCsran) MBCs and compared. Three different series of MBCsalt or MBCsran were synthesized by high-throughput synthesis by coupling oligo(e-caprolactone) (OCL) of different molecular weights (2, 4, and 8 kDa) with oligotetrahydrofuran (OTHF, 2.9 kDa) via Steglich esterification in which the molar ratio of the reaction partners was slightly adjusted. Maximum of weight average molecular weight (M-w) were 65,000 g center dot mol(-1), 165,000 g center dot mol(-1), and 168,000 g center dot mol(-1) for MBCsalt and 80,500 g center dot mol(-1), 100,000 g center dot mol(-1), and 147,600 g center dot mol(-1) for MBCsran. When Mw increased, a decrease of both Tms associated to the melting of the OCL and OTHF domains was observed for all MBCs. T-m (OTHF) of MBCsran was always higher than Tm (OTHF) of MBCsalt, which was attributed to a better phase segregation. In addition, the elongation at break of MBCsalt was almost half as high when compared to MBCsran. In this way this study elucidates role of the block length and sequence structure in MBCs and enables a quantitative discussion of the structure-function relationship when two semi-crystalline block segments are utilized for the design of block copolymers.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BehlBalkMansfeldetal.2021,
  author    = {Behl, Marc and Balk, Maria and Mansfeld, Ulrich and Lendlein, Andreas},
  title     = {Phase morphology of multiblock copolymers differing in sequence of blocks},
  series = {Macromolecular materials and engineering},
  volume    = {306},
  journal   = {Macromolecular materials and engineering},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {1439-2054},
  doi       = {10.1002/mame.202000672},
  pages     = {9},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The chemical nature, the number length of integrated building blocks, as well as their sequence structure impact the phase morphology of multiblock copolymers (MBC) consisting of two non-miscible block types. It is hypothesized that a strictly alternating sequence should impact phase segregation. A library of well-defined MBC obtained by coupling oligo(epsilon-caprolactone) (OCL) of different molecular weights (2, 4, and 8 kDa) with oligotetrahydrofuran (OTHF, 2.9 kDa) via Steglich esterification results in strictly alternating (MBCalt) or random (MBCran) MBC. The three different series has a weight average molecular weight (M-w) of 65 000, 165 000, and 168 000 g mol(-1) for MBCalt and 80 500, 100 000, and 147 600 g mol(-1) for MBCran. When the chain length of OCL building blocks is increased, the tendency for phase segregation is facilitated, which is attributed to the decrease in chain mobility within the MBC. Furthermore, it is found that the phase segregation disturbs the crystallization by causing heterogeneities in the semi-crystalline alignment, which is attributed to an increase of the disorder of the OCL semi-crystalline alignment.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Behrendt2021,
  author    = {Behrendt, Aileen Jorena},
  title     = {Against the Capitalist Narrative of Success and Failure},
  series = {Writing the Economic Subject in Modern Western Europe : Representation, Contestation, Critique},
  journal   = {Writing the Economic Subject in Modern Western Europe : Representation, Contestation, Critique},
  publisher = {Lang},
  address   = {Frankfurt am Main},
  isbn      = {978-3-631-85754-0},
  pages     = {137 -- 159},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BehrendtCourtman2021,
  author    = {Behrendt, Aileen Jorena and Courtman, Nicholas},
  title     = {Introduction},
  series = {Writing the Economic Subject in Modern Western Europe : Representation, Contestation, Critique},
  journal   = {Writing the Economic Subject in Modern Western Europe : Representation, Contestation, Critique},
  publisher = {Lang},
  address   = {Frankfurt am Main},
  isbn      = {978-3-631-85754-0},
  pages     = {9 -- 31},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BeirneNicGiollaMhichilBrownetal.2021,
  author    = {Beirne, Elaine and Nic Giolla Mhich{\´i}l, Mair{\´e}ad and Brown, Mark and Mac Lochlainn, Conch{\´u}r},
  title     = {Confidence Counts},
  series = {EMOOCs 2021},
  volume    = {2021},
  journal   = {EMOOCs 2021},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-86956-512-5},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-51722},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-517220},
  pages     = {201 -- 208},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The increasing reliance on online learning in higher education has been further expedited by the on-going Covid-19 pandemic. Students need to be supported as they adapt to this new learning environment. Research has established that learners with positive online learning self-efficacy beliefs are more likely to persevere and achieve their higher education goals when learning online. In this paper, we explore how MOOC design can contribute to the four sources of self-efficacy beliefs posited by Bandura [4]. Specifically, we will explore, drawing on learner reflections, whether design elements of the MOOC, The Digital Edge: Essentials for the Online Learner, provided participants with the necessary mastery experiences, vicarious experiences, verbal persuasion, and affective regulation opportunities, to evaluate and develop their online learning self-efficacy beliefs. Findings from a content analysis of discussion forum posts show that learners referenced three of the four information sources when reflecting on their experience of the MOOC. This paper illustrates the potential of MOOCs as a pedagogical tool for enhancing online learning self-efficacy among students.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BekirJelkenJungetal.2021,
  author    = {Bekir, Marek and Jelken, Joachim and Jung, Se-Hyeong and Pich, Andrij and Pacholski, Claudia and Kopyshev, Alexey and Santer, Svetlana},
  title     = {Dual responsiveness of microgels induced by single light stimulus},
  series = {Applied physics letters},
  volume    = {118},
  journal   = {Applied physics letters},
  number    = {9},
  publisher = {American Institute of Physics},
  address   = {Melville},
  issn      = {0003-6951},
  doi       = {10.1063/5.0036376},
  pages     = {6},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {We report on the multiple response of microgels triggered by a single optical stimulus. Under irradiation, the volume of the microgels is reversibly switched by more than 20 times. The irradiation initiates two different processes: photo-isomerization of the photo-sensitive surfactant, which forms a complex with the anionic microgel, rendering it photo-responsive; and local heating due to a thermo-plasmonic effect within the structured gold layer on which the microgel is deposited. The photo-responsivity is related to the reversible accommodation/release of the photo-sensitive surfactant depending on its photo-isomerization state, while the thermo-sensitivity is intrinsically built in. We show that under exposure to green light, the thermo-plasmonic effect generates a local hot spot in the gold layer, resulting in the shrinkage of the microgel. This process competes with the simultaneous photo-induced swelling. Depending on the position of the laser spot, the spatiotemporal control of reversible particle shrinking/swelling with a predefined extent on a per-second base can be implemented.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BelaidRabusKrestel2021,
  author    = {Belaid, Mohamed Karim and Rabus, Maximilian and Krestel, Ralf},
  title     = {CrashNet},
  series = {Data mining and knowledge discovery},
  volume    = {35},
  journal   = {Data mining and knowledge discovery},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Dordrecht},
  issn      = {1384-5810},
  doi       = {10.1007/s10618-021-00761-9},
  pages     = {1688 -- 1709},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Destructive car crash tests are an elaborate, time-consuming, and expensive necessity of the automotive development process. Today, finite element method (FEM) simulations are used to reduce costs by simulating car crashes computationally. We propose CrashNet, an encoder-decoder deep neural network architecture that reduces costs further and models specific outcomes of car crashes very accurately. We achieve this by formulating car crash events as time series prediction enriched with a set of scalar features. Traditional sequence-to-sequence models are usually composed of convolutional neural network (CNN) and CNN transpose layers. We propose to concatenate those with an MLP capable of learning how to inject the given scalars into the output time series. In addition, we replace the CNN transpose with 2D CNN transpose layers in order to force the model to process the hidden state of the set of scalars as one time series. The proposed CrashNet model can be trained efficiently and is able to process scalars and time series as input in order to infer the results of crash tests. CrashNet produces results faster and at a lower cost compared to destructive tests and FEM simulations. Moreover, it represents a novel approach in the car safety management domain.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BelitskiGuentherKritikosetal.2021,
  author    = {Belitski, Maksim and Guenther, Christina and Kritikos, Alexander and Thurik, Adriaan R.},
  title     = {Economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on entrepreneurship and small businesses},
  series = {Small business economics},
  volume    = {58},
  journal   = {Small business economics},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Springer Science + Business Media B.V.},
  address   = {Dordrecht},
  issn      = {0921-898X},
  doi       = {10.1007/s11187-021-00544-y},
  pages     = {593 -- 609},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The existential threat to small businesses, based on their crucial role in the economy, is behind the plethora of scholarly studies in 2020, the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Examining the 15 contributions of the special issue on the "Economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on entrepreneurship and small businesses," the paper comprises four parts: a systematic review of the literature on the effect on entrepreneurship and small businesses; a discussion of four literature strands based on this review; an overview of the contributions in this special issue; and some ideas for post-pandemic economic research.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BelliFelisattiFischer2021,
  author    = {Belli, Francesco and Felisatti, Arianna and Fischer, Martin H.},
  title     = {"BreaThink"},
  series = {Experimental brain research},
  volume    = {239},
  journal   = {Experimental brain research},
  number    = {8},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {New York},
  issn      = {0014-4819},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00221-021-06147-z},
  pages     = {2489 -- 2499},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Cognition is shaped by signals from outside and within the body. Following recent evidence of interoceptive signals modulating higher-level cognition, we examined whether breathing changes the production and perception of quantities. In Experiment 1, 22 adults verbally produced on average larger random numbers after inhaling than after exhaling. In Experiment 2, 24 further adults estimated the numerosity of dot patterns that were briefly shown after either inhaling or exhaling. Again, we obtained on average larger responses following inhalation than exhalation. These converging results extend models of situated cognition according to which higher-level cognition is sensitive to transient interoceptive states.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Bender2021,
  author    = {Bender, Benedict},
  title     = {Platform Coring on Digital Software Platforms},
  series = {Schriften zur Business Analytics und zum Informationsmanagement},
  journal   = {Schriften zur Business Analytics und zum Informationsmanagement},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  isbn      = {978-3-658-34798-7},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-658-34799-4},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {XVIII, 252},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Digital software platforms such as iOS or Android evolve quickly. Through regular updates, their set of built-in (core) features increases. While innovation allows strengthening platforms amidst competition, it can hurt contributors when introducing core features that are already provided by third-party developers (Platform Coring). This book addresses the underexplored phenomenon of Platform Coring and provides strategical guidance for platform owners and third-party contributors. Platform owners are well-advised to carefully consider the benefits and risks for their platform ecosystem. The book contributes by highlighting avenues to employ Platform Coring for the competitive advantage of the platform and ecosystem simultaneously.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{BenderBertheauGronau2021,
  author    = {Bender, Benedict and Bertheau, Clementine and Gronau, Norbert},
  title     = {Future ERP Systems},
  series = {Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems (ICEIS 2021)},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems (ICEIS 2021)},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Science and Technology Publications},
  address   = {Set{\´u}bal},
  isbn      = {978-989-758-509-8},
  issn      = {2184-4992},
  doi       = {10.5220/0010477307760783},
  pages     = {776 -- 783},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {This paper presents a research agenda on the current generation of ERP systems which was developed based on a literature review on current problems of ERP systems. The problems are presented following the ERP life cycle. In the next step, the identified problems are mapped on a reference architecture model of ERP systems that is an extension of the three-tier architecture model that is widely used in practice. The research agenda is structured according to the reference architecture model and addresses the problems identified regarding data, infrastructure, adaptation, processes, and user interface layer.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BenderGronau2021,
  author    = {Bender, Benedict and Gronau, Norbert},
  title     = {Coring on digital software platforms},
  series = {Schriften zur Business Analytics und zum Informationsmanagement},
  journal   = {Schriften zur Business Analytics und zum Informationsmanagement},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  isbn      = {978-3-658-34798-7},
  issn      = {2946-0670},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-658-34799-4_4},
  pages     = {45 -- 77},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Today's mobile devices are part of powerful business ecosystems, which usually involve digital platforms. To better understand the complex phenomenon of coring and related dynamics, this paper presents a case study comparing iMessage as part of Apple's iOS and WhatsApp. Specifically, it investigates activities regarding platform coring, as the integration of several functionalities provided by third-party applications in the platform core. The paper makes three contributions. First, a systematization of coring activities is developed. Coring modes are differentiated by the amount of coring and application maintenance. Second, the case study revealed that the phenomenon of platform coring is present on digital platforms for mobile devices. Third, the fundamentals of coring are discussed as a first step towards theoretical development. Even though coring constitutes a potential threat for third-party developers regarding their functional differentiation, an idea of what a beneficial partnership incorporating coring activities could look like is developed here.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{BenderGrum2021,
  author    = {Bender, Benedict and Grum, Marcus},
  title     = {Gamification and dynamisation of the continous improvement processes},
  series = {International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Energy Technologies},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Energy Technologies},
  publisher = {IEEE},
  address   = {New York},
  doi       = {10.1109/ICECET52533.2021.9698530},
  pages     = {1 -- 7},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The idea of the continuous improvement process (CIP) helps companies to continuously improve their operation and thereby contributes to their competitiveness. Through digi tization, new potentials emerge to solve known CIP issues. This contribution specifically addresses the individual motivation of employees to contribute to the CIP. Typically, related initiatives lack contributions over time. The use of gamification is a promising way to achieve continuous participation by addressing the individual needs of participants. While the use of extrinsic motivation elements is common in practice, the idea of this approach is to specifically address intrinsic motivations which serve as a long-term motivator. This article contributes to a gam-ification concept for the continuous improvement process. The main results include an adapted CIP, a gamification concept, and a market mechanism. Furthermore, the concept is implemented and demonstrated as a prototype in an online platform.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{BenderHeine2021,
  author    = {Bender, Benedict and Heine, Moreen},
  title     = {Government as a platform?},
  series = {Electronic government and the information systems perspective},
  booktitle = {Electronic government and the information systems perspective},
  editor    = {K{\"o}, Andrea and Francesconi, Enrico and Kotsis, Gabriele and Tjoa, A. Min and Khalil, Ismail},
  publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
  address   = {Cham},
  isbn      = {978-3-030-86610-5},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-030-86611-2_1},
  pages     = {3 -- 20},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Digital platforms, by their design, allow the coordination of multiple entities to achieve a common goal. Motivated by the success of platforms in the private sector, they increasingly receive attention in the public sector. However, different understandings of the platform concept prevail. To guide the development and further research a coherent understanding is required. To address this gap, we identify the constitutive elements of platforms in the public sector. Moreover, their potential to coordinate partially autonomous entities as typical for federal organized states is highlighted. This study contributes through a uniform understanding of public service platforms. Despite constitutive elements, the proposed framework for platforms in the public sector may guide future analysis. The analysis framework is applied to platforms of federal states in the European Union.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BenderKoerppen2021,
  author    = {Bender, Benedict and K{\"o}rppen, Tim},
  title     = {Data Warehouse, Data Lake oder Data Platform},
  series = {ERP-Management : Auswahl, Einf{\"u}hrung und Betrieb von ERP-Systemen},
  volume    = {17},
  journal   = {ERP-Management : Auswahl, Einf{\"u}hrung und Betrieb von ERP-Systemen},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {GITO mbH Verlag},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {1860-6725},
  pages     = {34 -- 37},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Die Digitalisierung des deutschen Mittelstandes schreitet weiterhin schleppend voran. So verf{\"u}gt zwar ein wachsender Teil dieser Unternehmen {\"u}ber vereinzelte Informations- und Kommunikationssysteme, die zielf{\"u}hrende Vernetzung und Integration dieser Systeme stellt jedoch weiterhin eine große Aufgabe dar [1]. Besonders vor dem Hintergrund wachsender Bed{\"u}rfnisse f{\"u}r Informationen und Transparenz sehen sich Unternehmen zunehmend mit der analyseorientierten Nutzbarmachung der Unternehmensdaten konfrontiert [2].},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{BenderSzadowiak2021,
  author    = {Bender, Benedict and Szadowiak, Andrzej Marcin},
  title     = {Feature removal on software platforms},
  series = {IEEE International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Innovation (ICE/ITMC)},
  booktitle = {IEEE International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Innovation (ICE/ITMC)},
  publisher = {IEEE},
  address   = {New York},
  doi       = {10.1109/ICE/ITMC52061.2021.9570245},
  pages     = {1 -- 9},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Software platforms allow for the extension of features by third-party contributors. Thereby, platform innovation is an important aspects of platforms attractiveness for users and complementors. While previous research focused the introduction of new features, the aspect of feature removal and discontinued features on software platforms has been disregarded. To explore the phenomenon and motivations for feature removal on software platforms, a review of recent literature is provided. To illustrate the existence of and motivations for feature removal, a case study of the browser platform Mozilla Firefox is presented. The results reveal feature removal to regularly occur on browser platforms for user- and developer-related features. Frequent reasons for feature removal involve unused features, security concerns, and bugs. Related motivations for feature removal are discussed from the platform owner's perspective. Implications for complementors and users are highlighted.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{BenderThim2021,
  author    = {Bender, Benedict and Thim, Christof},
  title     = {Entering complementary markets on software platforms},
  series = {Platform coring on digital software platforms},
  booktitle = {Platform coring on digital software platforms},
  editor    = {Bender, Benedict},
  publisher = {Springer Gabler},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  isbn      = {978-3-658-34798-7},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-658-34799-4_7},
  pages     = {149 -- 199},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Software platforms regularly introduce new features to remain competitive. While platform innovation is considered to be a critical success factor, adding certain features could hurt the ecosystem. If platform owners provide functionality that was previously provided by a contributor, the owners enter complementary product spaces. Complementary market entry frequently occurs on software platforms and is a major concern for third-party developers. Divergent findings on the impact of complementary market entry call for the consideration of additional factors. As prior research neglected the third-party perspective, this contribution aims to address this gap. We explore the use of measures to prevent complementary market entry using a survey approach on browser platforms. The research model is tested with 655 responses among developer from Mozilla Firefox and Google Chrome. To explain countermeasures employment, developer's attitude and perceived likelihood are important. The results reveal that developers employ countermeasures if complementary market entry is assessed negatively and perceived as likely for their extension. Differences among browser platforms concerning complementary market entry are identified. Product spaces of extensions being available on multiple platforms are less likely to be entered and more heavily protected. Implications for research and stakeholders, i.e. platform owners and contributors are discussed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{BenderThimLinke2021,
  author    = {Bender, Benedict and Thim, Christof and Linke, Felix},
  title     = {Platform coring in the browser domain},
  series = {Platform coring on digital software platforms},
  booktitle = {Platform coring on digital software platforms},
  editor    = {Bender, Benedict},
  publisher = {Springer Gabler},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  isbn      = {978-3-658-34798-7},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-658-34799-4_6},
  pages     = {119 -- 148},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Modern browsers are digital software platforms, as they allow third parties to extend functionality by providing extensions. In a highly competitive environment, differentiation through provided functionality is a key factor for browser platforms. As the development of browsers progress, new functions are constantly being released. Browsers could thus enter complementary markets by adding functionality previously provided by third-party extensions, which is referred to as 'platform coring'. Previous studies have missed the perspective of the parties involved. To address this gap, we conducted interviews with third-party and core developers in the security and privacy domain from Firefox and Chrome. This study provides three contributions. First, insights into stakeholder-specific issues concerning coring. Second, measures to prevent coring. Third, strategical guidance for developers and owners. Third-party vendors experienced and core developers confirmed that coring occurs on browser platforms. While developers with extrinsic motivations assess coring negatively, developers with intrinsic motivations perceive coring positively.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{BensonMakaitRabl2021,
  author    = {Benson, Lawrence and Makait, Hendrik and Rabl, Tilmann},
  title     = {Viper},
  series = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Reihe der Digital Engineering Fakult{\"a}t},
  journal   = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Reihe der Digital Engineering Fakult{\"a}t},
  number    = {9},
  issn      = {2150-8097},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-55966},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-559664},
  pages     = {15},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Key-value stores (KVSs) have found wide application in modern software systems. For persistence, their data resides in slow secondary storage, which requires KVSs to employ various techniques to increase their read and write performance from and to the underlying medium. Emerging persistent memory (PMem) technologies offer data persistence at close-to-DRAM speed, making them a promising alternative to classical disk-based storage. However, simply drop-in replacing existing storage with PMem does not yield good results, as block-based access behaves differently in PMem than on disk and ignores PMem's byte addressability, layout, and unique performance characteristics. In this paper, we propose three PMem-specific access patterns and implement them in a hybrid PMem-DRAM KVS called Viper. We employ a DRAM-based hash index and a PMem-aware storage layout to utilize the random-write speed of DRAM and efficient sequential-write performance PMem. Our evaluation shows that Viper significantly outperforms existing KVSs for core KVS operations while providing full data persistence. Moreover, Viper outperforms existing PMem-only, hybrid, and disk-based KVSs by 4-18x for write workloads, while matching or surpassing their get performance.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BensonMakaitRabl2021,
  author    = {Benson, Lawrence and Makait, Hendrik and Rabl, Tilmann},
  title     = {Viper},
  series = {Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment},
  volume    = {14},
  journal   = {Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment},
  number    = {9},
  publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
  address   = {New York},
  issn      = {2150-8097},
  doi       = {10.14778/3461535.3461543},
  pages     = {1544 -- 1556},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Key-value stores (KVSs) have found wide application in modern software systems. For persistence, their data resides in slow secondary storage, which requires KVSs to employ various techniques to increase their read and write performance from and to the underlying medium. Emerging persistent memory (PMem) technologies offer data persistence at close-to-DRAM speed, making them a promising alternative to classical disk-based storage. However, simply drop-in replacing existing storage with PMem does not yield good results, as block-based access behaves differently in PMem than on disk and ignores PMem's byte addressability, layout, and unique performance characteristics. In this paper, we propose three PMem-specific access patterns and implement them in a hybrid PMem-DRAM KVS called Viper. We employ a DRAM-based hash index and a PMem-aware storage layout to utilize the random-write speed of DRAM and efficient sequential-write performance PMem. Our evaluation shows that Viper significantly outperforms existing KVSs for core KVS operations while providing full data persistence. Moreover, Viper outperforms existing PMem-only, hybrid, and disk-based KVSs by 4-18x for write workloads, while matching or surpassing their get performance.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BenzKahl2021,
  author    = {Benz, Eleanor and Kahl, Verena},
  title     = {Das Urteil im Fall Lhaka Honhat},
  series = {Archiv des V{\"o}lkerrechts},
  volume    = {59},
  journal   = {Archiv des V{\"o}lkerrechts},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Mohr Siebeck},
  address   = {T{\"u}bingen},
  issn      = {0003-892X},
  doi       = {10.1628/avr-2021-0011},
  pages     = {199 -- 226},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {In February 2020, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACtHR) delivered a landmark decision in which it held Argentina responsible for the violation of several rights of 132 indigenous communities inhabiting a certain area in the province of Salta. In the Case of the Indigenous Communities of the Lhaka Honhat (Our Land) Association v. Argentina the IACtHR declared for the first time an autonomous violation of the right to a healthy environment and other DESCA (Economic, Social, Cultural and Environmental rights). Thereby, it further developed its case law on the direct justiciability of DESCA on the basis of Article 26 of the American Convention on Human Rights (ACHR) that was first established in Lagos del Campo in 2017. Focusing on the right to a healthy environment and the right to water the authors critically examine how the Court derived the direct justiciability of DESCA. In the following, the contribution examines to what extent the right to a healthy environment has been specified in the current judgment compared to the initial outline of this right by the Court in its Advisory Opinion No. 23. The analysis also deals with the question whether the facts of the case were at all suitable for such a specification and what general value could be added by an autonomous examination of DESCA. Finally, the contribution ends with a mixed conclusion on the significance of the judgment and a thoughtful outlook on the future development of the case law on Art. 26 ACHR.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Berg2021,
  author    = {Berg, Markus},
  title     = {Lehrbuchbeispiel des Versagens},
  series = {MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen},
  volume    = {26},
  journal   = {MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {1434-2820},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-56916},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-569164},
  pages     = {112 -- 122},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{BergholzKoberJeltschetal.2021,
  author    = {Bergholz, Kolja and Kober, Klarissa and Jeltsch, Florian and Schmidt, Kristina and Weiß, Lina},
  title     = {Trait means or variance},
  series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  journal   = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  issn      = {1866-8372},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-51990},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-519905},
  pages     = {3357 -- 3365},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {One of the few laws in ecology is that communities consist of few common and many rare taxa. Functional traits may help to identify the underlying mechanisms of this community pattern, since they correlate with different niche dimensions. However, comprehensive studies are missing that investigate the effects of species mean traits (niche position) and intraspecific trait variability (ITV, niche width) on species abundance. In this study, we investigated fragmented dry grasslands to reveal trait-occurrence relationships in plants at local and regional scales. We predicted that (a) at the local scale, species occurrence is highest for species with intermediate traits, (b) at the regional scale, habitat specialists have a lower species occurrence than generalists, and thus, traits associated with stress-tolerance have a negative effect on species occurrence, and (c) ITV increases species occurrence irrespective of the scale. We measured three plant functional traits (SLA = specific leaf area, LDMC = leaf dry matter content, plant height) at 21 local dry grassland communities (10 m × 10 m) and analyzed the effect of these traits and their variation on species occurrence. At the local scale, mean LDMC had a positive effect on species occurrence, indicating that stress-tolerant species are the most abundant rather than species with intermediate traits (hypothesis 1). We found limited support for lower specialist occurrence at the regional scale (hypothesis 2). Further, ITV of LDMC and plant height had a positive effect on local occurrence supporting hypothesis 3. In contrast, at the regional scale, plants with a higher ITV of plant height were less frequent. We found no evidence that the consideration of phylogenetic relationships in our analyses influenced our findings. In conclusion, both species mean traits (in particular LDMC) and ITV were differently related to species occurrence with respect to spatial scale. Therefore, our study underlines the strong scale-dependency of trait-abundance relationships.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BergholzKoberJeltschetal.2021,
  author    = {Bergholz, Kolja and Kober, Klarissa and Jeltsch, Florian and Schmidt, Kristina and Weiß, Lina},
  title     = {Trait means or variance},
  series = {Ecology and evolution},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {Ecology and evolution},
  number    = {7},
  publisher = {John Wiley \& Sons, Inc.},
  issn      = {2045-7758},
  doi       = {10.1002/ece3.7287},
  pages     = {3357 -- 3365},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {One of the few laws in ecology is that communities consist of few common and many rare taxa. Functional traits may help to identify the underlying mechanisms of this community pattern, since they correlate with different niche dimensions. However, comprehensive studies are missing that investigate the effects of species mean traits (niche position) and intraspecific trait variability (ITV, niche width) on species abundance. In this study, we investigated fragmented dry grasslands to reveal trait-occurrence relationships in plants at local and regional scales. We predicted that (a) at the local scale, species occurrence is highest for species with intermediate traits, (b) at the regional scale, habitat specialists have a lower species occurrence than generalists, and thus, traits associated with stress-tolerance have a negative effect on species occurrence, and (c) ITV increases species occurrence irrespective of the scale. We measured three plant functional traits (SLA = specific leaf area, LDMC = leaf dry matter content, plant height) at 21 local dry grassland communities (10 m × 10 m) and analyzed the effect of these traits and their variation on species occurrence. At the local scale, mean LDMC had a positive effect on species occurrence, indicating that stress-tolerant species are the most abundant rather than species with intermediate traits (hypothesis 1). We found limited support for lower specialist occurrence at the regional scale (hypothesis 2). Further, ITV of LDMC and plant height had a positive effect on local occurrence supporting hypothesis 3. In contrast, at the regional scale, plants with a higher ITV of plant height were less frequent. We found no evidence that the consideration of phylogenetic relationships in our analyses influenced our findings. In conclusion, both species mean traits (in particular LDMC) and ITV were differently related to species occurrence with respect to spatial scale. Therefore, our study underlines the strong scale-dependency of trait-abundance relationships.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{BerghaeuserSchoppaUlrichetal.2021,
  author    = {Bergh{\"a}user, Lisa and Schoppa, Lukas and Ulrich, Jana and Dillenardt, Lisa and Jurado, Oscar E. and Passow, Christian and Samprogna Mohor, Guilherme and Seleem, Omar and Petrow, Theresia and Thieken, Annegret},
  title     = {Starkregen in Berlin},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-50056},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-500560},
  pages     = {44},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {In den Sommern der Jahre 2017 und 2019 kam es in Berlin an mehreren Orten zu {\"U}berschwemmungen in Folge von Starkregenereignissen. In beiden Jahren f{\"u}hrte dies zu erheblichen Beeintr{\"a}chtigungen im Alltag der Berliner:innen sowie zu hohen Sachsch{\"a}den. Eine interdisziplin{\"a}re Taskforce des DFG-Graduiertenkollegs NatRiskChange untersuchte (1) die meteorologischen Eigenschaften zweier besonders eindr{\"u}cklicher Unwetter, sowie (2) die Vulnerabilit{\"a}t der Berliner Bev{\"o}lkerung gegen{\"u}ber Starkregen. Eine vergleichende meteorologische Rekonstruktion der Starkregenereignisse von 2017 und 2019 ergab deutliche Unterschiede in der Entstehung und den {\"U}berschreitungswahrscheinlichkeiten der beiden Unwetter. So war das Ereignis von 2017 mit einer relativ großen r{\"a}umlichen Ausdehnung und langer Dauer ein untypisches Starkregenereignis, w{\"a}hrend es sich bei dem Unwetter von 2019 um ein typisches, kurzzeitiges Starkregenereignis mit ausgepr{\"a}gter r{\"a}umlicher Heterogenit{\"a}t handelte. Eine anschließende statistische Analyse zeigte, dass das Ereignis von 2017 f{\"u}r l{\"a}ngere Niederschlagsdauern (>=24 h) als großfl{\"a}chiges Extremereignis mit {\"U}berschreitungswahrscheinlichkeiten von unter 1 \% einzuordnen ist (d.h. Wiederkehrperioden >=100 Jahre). Im Jahr 2019 wurden dagegen {\"a}hnliche {\"U}berschreitungswahrscheinlichkeiten nur lokal und f{\"u}r k{\"u}rzere Zeitr{\"a}ume (1-2 h) berechnet. Die Vulnerabilit{\"a}tsanalyse basiert auf einer von April bis Juni 2020 in Berlin durchgef{\"u}hrten Onlinebefragung. Diese richtete sich an Personen, die bereits von vergangenen Starkregenereignissen betroffen waren und thematisierte das Schadensereignis selbst, daraus entstandene Beeintr{\"a}chtigungen und Sch{\"a}den, Risikowahrnehmung sowie Notfall- und Vorsorgemaßnahmen. Die erhobenen Umfragedaten (n=102) beziehen sich vornehmlich auf die Ereignisse von 2017 und 2019 und zeigen, dass die Berliner Bev{\"o}lkerung sowohl im Alltag (z.B. bei der Beschaffung von Lebensmitteln) als auch im eigenen Haushalt (z.B. durch {\"U}berschwemmungssch{\"a}den) von den Unwettern beeintr{\"a}chtigt war. Zudem deuteten die Antworten der Betroffenen auf M{\"o}glichkeiten hin, die Vulnerabilit{\"a}t der Gesellschaft gegen{\"u}ber Starkregen weiter zu reduzieren - etwa durch die Unterst{\"u}tzung besonders betroffener Gruppen (z.B. Pflegende), durch gezielte Informationskampagnen zum Schutz vor Starkregen oder durch die Erh{\"o}hung der Reichweite von Unwetterwarnungen. Eine statistische Analyse zur Effektivit{\"a}t privater Notfall- und Vorsorgemaßnahmen auf Grundlage der Umfragedaten best{\"a}tigte vorherige Studienergebnisse. So gab es Anhaltspunkte daf{\"u}r, dass durch das Umsetzen von Vorsorgemaßnahmen wie beispielsweise das Installieren von R{\"u}ckstauklappen, Barriere-Systemen oder Pumpen Starkregensch{\"a}den reduziert werden k{\"o}nnen. Die Ergebnisse dieses Berichts unterstreichen die Notwendigkeit f{\"u}r ein integriertes Starkregenrisikomanagment, das die Risikokomponenten Gef{\"a}hrdung, Vulnerabilit{\"a}t und Exposition ganzheitlich und auf mehreren Ebenen (z.B. staatlich, kommunal, privat) betrachtet.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BergmannBrueckKnaueretal.2021,
  author    = {Bergmann, Mareike and Br{\"u}ck, Christian and Knauer, Thorsten and Schwering, Anja},
  title     = {Business Analytics in der Budgetierung},
  series = {Controlling - Zeitschrift f{\"u}r erfolgsorientierte Unternehmensf{\"u}hrung},
  volume    = {33},
  journal   = {Controlling - Zeitschrift f{\"u}r erfolgsorientierte Unternehmensf{\"u}hrung},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Vahlen},
  address   = {M{\"u}nchen},
  issn      = {0935-0381},
  doi       = {10.15358/0935-0381-2021-3},
  pages     = {51 -- 58},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Im Zuge der Digitalisierung bietet Business Analytics das Potenzial, die Budgetierung insbesondere durch eine Automatisierung von Prozessschritten der Budgetierung maßgeblich weiterzuentwickeln. Dieser Beitrag zeigt mittels einer empirischen Untersuchung den Status quo des Einsatzes von Business Analytics im Rahmen der Budgetierung in Deutschland und geht auf die Beurteilung einer Automatisierung der Budgetierung durch Unternehmen ein.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BergstroemFranzkeKuhlmannetal.2021,
  author    = {Bergstr{\"o}m, Tomas and Franzke, Jochen and Kuhlmann, Sabine and Wayenberg, Ellen},
  title     = {Future Outlook and Scenarios},
  series = {The Future of Local Self-Government : European Trends in Autonomy, Innovations and Central-Local Relations},
  journal   = {The Future of Local Self-Government : European Trends in Autonomy, Innovations and Central-Local Relations},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Cham},
  isbn      = {978-3-030-56058-4},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-030-56059-1_20},
  pages     = {227 -- 286},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Where is local self-government heading in the future? Among trends identified is firstly an intensification of multilevel, intermunicipal, and cross-border governance. In the future even more of cooperation and coordination among different political and administrative levels will be required. Territorial boundaries have become increasingly incongruent with functional public activities. Secondly, the innovative potential of introducing markets as templates for organisational reform has reached its end. Future reforms will most likely try to adapt market reforms to local public contexts, or even reverse the development. Finally, a tightening of state steering and an increased dependence on state funding to uphold local services is expected. Waves of amalgamations might slow down this process but they will not make financial problems disappear completely.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BernardiBerdjaDaniGuzmanetal.2021,
  author    = {Bernardi, Rafael L. and Berdja, Amokrane and Dani Guzman, Christian and Torres-Torriti, Miguel and Roth, Martin M.},
  title     = {Restoration of images with a spatially varying PSF of the T80-S telescope optical model using neural networks},
  series = {Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society},
  volume    = {510},
  journal   = {Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {0035-8711},
  doi       = {10.1093/mnras/stab3400},
  pages     = {4284 -- 4294},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Most image restoration methods in astronomy rely upon probabilistic tools that infer the best solution for a deconvolution problem. They achieve good performances when the point spread function (PSF) is spatially invariant in the image plane. However, this condition is not always satisfied in real optical systems. We propose a new method for the restoration of images affected by static and anisotropic aberrations using Deep Neural Networks that can be directly applied to sky images. The network is trained using simulated sky images corresponding to the T80-S Telescope optical model, a 80-cm survey imager at Cerro Tololo (Chile), which are synthesized using a Zernike polynomial representation of the optical system. Once trained, the network can be used directly on sky images, outputting a corrected version of the image that has a constant and known PSF across its field of view. The method is to be tested on the T80-S Telescope. We present the method and results on synthetic data.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Berner2021,
  author    = {Berner, Elisabeth},
  title     = {M{\"a}rkische Dialekte},
  series = {Brandenburgische Erinnerungsorte - Erinnerungsorte in Brandenburg : Band 1},
  journal   = {Brandenburgische Erinnerungsorte - Erinnerungsorte in Brandenburg : Band 1},
  publisher = {be.bra wissenschaft verlag},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-95410-294-5},
  pages     = {27 -- 37},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BernhardtSchwanghart2021,
  author    = {Bernhardt, Anne and Schwanghart, Wolfgang},
  title     = {Where and why do submarine canyons remain connected to the shore during sea-level rise?},
  series = {Geophysical research letters : GRL / American Geophysical Union},
  volume    = {48},
  journal   = {Geophysical research letters : GRL / American Geophysical Union},
  number    = {10},
  publisher = {American Geophysical Union},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {0094-8276},
  doi       = {10.1029/2020GL092234},
  pages     = {15},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The efficiency of sediment routing from land to the ocean depends on the position of submarine canyon heads with regard to terrestrial sediment sources. We aim to identify the main controls on whether a submarine canyon head remains connected to terrestrial sediment input during Holocene sea-level rise. Globally, we identified 798 canyon heads that are currently located at the 120m-depth contour (the Last Glacial Maximum shoreline) and 183 canyon heads that are connected to the shore (within a distance of 6 km) during the present-day highstand. Regional hotspots of shore-connected canyons are the Mediterranean active margin and the Pacific coast of Central and South America. We used 34 terrestrial and marine predictor variables to predict shore-connected canyon occurrence using Bayesian regression. Our analysis shows that steep and narrow shelves facilitate canyon-head connectivity to the shore. Moreover, shore-connected canyons occur preferentially along active margins characterized by resistant bedrock and high river-water discharge.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BertokMeškoSchusteretal.2021,
  author    = {Bertok, Eva and Meško, Gorazd and Schuster, Isabell and Tomaszewska, Paulina},
  title     = {Physical teen dating violence in high school students in Slovenia},
  series = {New directions for child and adolescent development},
  volume    = {178},
  journal   = {New directions for child and adolescent development},
  editor    = {Schuster, Isabell and Tomaszewska, Paulina},
  publisher = {Jossey-Bass},
  address   = {San Fransisco},
  issn      = {1534-8687},
  doi       = {10.1002/cad.20436},
  pages     = {59 -- 77},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Although teen dating violence (TDV) is internationally recognized as a serious threat to adolescents' health and well-being, almost no data is available for Slovenian youth. Hence, the purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and predictors of TDV among Slovenian adolescents for the first time. Using data from the SPMAD study (Study of Parental Monitoring and Adolescent Delinquency), 330 high school students were asked about physical TDV victimization and perpetration as well as about their dating history, relationship conflicts, peers' antisocial behavior, and informal social control by family and school. A substantial number of female andmale adolescents reported victimization (16.7\% of female and 12.7\% of male respondents) and perpetration (21.1\% of female and 6.0\% of male respondents). Furthermore, the results revealed that lower age at the first relationship, relationship conflicts, and school informal social control were associated with victimization, whereas being female, relationship conflicts, having antisocial peers, and family informal social control were linked to perpetration. Implications of the study findings were discussed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BertramRiahiHilaireetal.2021,
  author    = {Bertram, Christoph and Riahi, Keywan and Hilaire, J{\´e}r{\^o}me and Bosetti, Valentina and Drouet, Laurent and Fricko, Oliver and Malik, Aman and Nogueira, Larissa Pupo and van der Zwaan, Bob and van Ruijven, Bas and van Vuuren, Detlef P. and Weitzel, Matthias and Longa, Francesco Dalla and de Boer, Harmen-Sytze and Emmerling, Johannes and Fosse, Florian and Fragkiadakis, Kostas and Harmsen, Mathijs and Keramidas, Kimon and Kishimoto, Paul Natsuo and Kriegler, Elmar and Krey, Volker and Paroussos, Leonidas and Saygin, Deger and Vrontisi, Zoi and Luderer, Gunnar},
  title     = {Energy system developments and investments in the decisive decade for the Paris Agreement goals},
  series = {Environmental research letters},
  volume    = {16},
  journal   = {Environmental research letters},
  number    = {7},
  publisher = {IOP Publishing},
  address   = {Bristol},
  issn      = {1748-9326},
  doi       = {10.1088/1748-9326/ac09ae},
  pages     = {12},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The Paris Agreement does not only stipulate to limit the global average temperature increase to well below 2 °C, it also calls for 'making finance flows consistent with a pathway towards low greenhouse gas emissions'. Consequently, there is an urgent need to understand the implications of climate targets for energy systems and quantify the associated investment requirements in the coming decade. A meaningful analysis must however consider the near-term mitigation requirements to avoid the overshoot of a temperature goal. It must also include the recently observed fast technological progress in key mitigation options. Here, we use a new and unique scenario ensemble that limit peak warming by construction and that stems from seven up-to-date integrated assessment models. This allows us to study the near-term implications of different limits to peak temperature increase under a consistent and up-to-date set of assumptions. We find that ambitious immediate action allows for limiting median warming outcomes to well below 2 °C in all models. By contrast, current nationally determined contributions for 2030 would add around 0.2 °C of peak warming, leading to an unavoidable transgression of 1.5 °C in all models, and 2 °C in some. In contrast to the incremental changes as foreseen by current plans, ambitious peak warming targets require decisive emission cuts until 2030, with the most substantial contribution to decarbonization coming from the power sector. Therefore, investments into low-carbon power generation need to increase beyond current levels to meet the Paris goals, especially for solar and wind technologies and related system enhancements for electricity transmission, distribution and storage. Estimates on absolute investment levels, up-scaling of other low-carbon power generation technologies and investment shares in less ambitious scenarios vary considerably across models. In scenarios limiting peak warming to below 2 °C, while coal is phased out quickly, oil and gas are still being used significantly until 2030, albeit at lower than current levels. This requires continued investments into existing oil and gas infrastructure, but investments into new fields in such scenarios might not be needed. The results show that credible and effective policy action is essential for ensuring efficient allocation of investments aligned with medium-term climate targets.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Besnard2021,
  author    = {Besnard, Tiphaine Annabelle},
  title     = {La V{\´e}nus de Milo dans l'art contemporain (de 1980 {\`a} nos jours) : une ic{\^o}ne globalis{\´e}e},
  series = {thersites 13: Antiquipop - Chefs d'œuvres revisit{\´e}s},
  volume    = {2021},
  journal   = {thersites 13: Antiquipop - Chefs d'œuvres revisit{\´e}s},
  number    = {13},
  editor    = {Bi{\`e}vre-Perrin, Fabien and Carl{\`a}-Uhink, Filippo and Rollinger, Christian and Walde, Christine},
  issn      = {2364-7612},
  doi       = {10.34679/thersites.vol13.156},
  pages     = {84 -- 99},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {This paper aims to analyse the figure of the Venus of Milo in (extreme) contemporary art productions. The reception of this sculpture has already been studied in the past, but without considering the last ten years (2010 - 2020), during which artists like Yinka Shonibare, Fabio Viale, or Daniel Arsham decided to use the Venus for their new productions. The paper also explains how the Venus of Milo became a globalised icon and an inspiration for artists from all over the world.},
  language  = {fr}
}
@article{BethgeSerthStaubitzetal.2021,
  author    = {Bethge, Joseph and Serth, Sebastian and Staubitz, Thomas and Wuttke, Tobias and Nordemann, Oliver and Das, Partha-Pratim and Meinel, Christoph},
  title     = {TransPipe},
  series = {EMOOCs 2021},
  volume    = {2021},
  journal   = {EMOOCs 2021},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-51694},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-516943},
  pages     = {79 -- 94},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Online learning environments, such as Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), often rely on videos as a major component to convey knowledge. However, these videos exclude potential participants who do not understand the lecturer's language, regardless of whether that is due to language unfamiliarity or aural handicaps. Subtitles and/or interactive transcripts solve this issue, ease navigation based on the content, and enable indexing and retrieval by search engines. Although there are several automated speech-to-text converters and translation tools, their quality varies and the process of integrating them can be quite tedious. Thus, in practice, many videos on MOOC platforms only receive subtitles after the course is already finished (if at all) due to a lack of resources. This work describes an approach to tackle this issue by providing a dedicated tool, which is closing this gap between MOOC platforms and transcription and translation tools and offering a simple workflow that can easily be handled by users with a less technical background. The proposed method is designed and evaluated by qualitative interviews with three major MOOC providers.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{Bezzenberger2021,
  author    = {Bezzenberger, Tilman},
  title     = {\S 257 Anfechtung der Feststellung des Jahresabschlusses durch die Hauptversammlung},
  series = {Aktiengesetz : Großkommentar},
  volume    = {12},
  booktitle = {Aktiengesetz : Großkommentar},
  editor    = {Hirte, Heribert and M{\"u}lbert, Peter O. and Roth, Markus},
  edition   = {5., neu bearbeitete Auflage},
  publisher = {De Gruyter},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-11-029320-3},
  doi       = {10.1515/9783110294248-002},
  pages     = {165 -- 175},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{Bezzenberger2021,
  author    = {Bezzenberger, Tilman},
  title     = {\S 256 Nichtigkeit},
  series = {Aktiengesetz : Großkommentar},
  volume    = {12},
  booktitle = {Aktiengesetz : Großkommentar},
  editor    = {Hirte, Heribert and M{\"u}lbert, Peter O. and Roth, Markus},
  edition   = {5., neu bearbeitete},
  publisher = {De Gruyter},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-11-029320-3},
  doi       = {10.1515/9783110294248-001},
  pages     = {1 -- 164},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{BezzenbergerSchmolke2021,
  author    = {Bezzenberger, Tilman and Schmolke, Klaus Ulrich},
  title     = {\S\S 147-149},
  series = {Aktiengesetz : Großkommentar},
  volume    = {7. Band, Teilband 3},
  journal   = {Aktiengesetz : Großkommentar},
  editor    = {Hirte, Heribert and M{\"u}lbert, Peter O. and Roth, Markus},
  edition   = {5., neu bearbeitete},
  publisher = {De Gruyter},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-11-061838-9},
  doi       = {10.1515/9783110618389},
  pages     = {1 -- 348},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{Bickenbach2021,
  author    = {Bickenbach, Christian},
  title     = {Art. 33 Staatsb{\"u}rgerliche Stellung, {\"o}ffentlicher Dienst},
  series = {Grundgesetz : Kommentar : Pr{\"a}ambel bis Art. 69},
  volume    = {1},
  booktitle = {Grundgesetz : Kommentar : Pr{\"a}ambel bis Art. 69},
  editor    = {M{\"u}nch, Ingo von and K{\"a}mmerer, J{\"o}rn Axel and Kotzur, Markus and Kunig, Philip},
  edition   = {7., neubearbeitete Aufl.},
  publisher = {C.H. Beck},
  address   = {M{\"u}nchen},
  isbn      = {978-3-406-73591-2},
  pages     = {2028 -- 2084},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{Bickenbach2021,
  author    = {Bickenbach, Christian},
  title     = {Smend, Rudolf},
  series = {Encyclopedia of the philosophy of law and social philosophy},
  booktitle = {Encyclopedia of the philosophy of law and social philosophy},
  editor    = {Sellers, Mortimer and Kirste, Stephan},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Dordrecht},
  isbn      = {978-94-007-6730-0},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-94-007-6730-0_795-1},
  pages     = {1 -- 4},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{Bickenbach2021,
  author    = {Bickenbach, Christian},
  title     = {Art. 90 Bundesstraßen des Fernverkehr},
  series = {Grundgesetz : Kommentar : Art. 70 bis 146},
  volume    = {2},
  booktitle = {Grundgesetz : Kommentar : Art. 70 bis 146},
  editor    = {M{\"u}nch, Ingo von and K{\"a}mmerer, J{\"o}rn Axel and Kotzur, Markus and Kunig, Philip},
  edition   = {7., neubearbeitete Aufl.},
  publisher = {C.H. Beck},
  address   = {M{\"u}nchen},
  isbn      = {978-3-406-58141-0},
  pages     = {564 -- 594},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Bickenbach2021,
  author    = {Bickenbach, Christian},
  title     = {Rezension zu: Schoch, Friedrich; Schneider, Jens-Peter (Hrsg.): Verwaltungsrecht VwGO : Kommentar. - 41. Erg{\"a}nzungslieferung. - M{\"u}nchen : C.H. Beck, 2021. - ISBN 978-3-406-78031-8},
  series = {Bayerische Verwaltungsbl{\"a}tter : Zeitschrift f{\"u}r {\"o}ffentliches Recht und {\"o}ffentliche Verwaltung},
  volume    = {152},
  journal   = {Bayerische Verwaltungsbl{\"a}tter : Zeitschrift f{\"u}r {\"o}ffentliches Recht und {\"o}ffentliche Verwaltung},
  number    = {11},
  publisher = {Boorberg},
  address   = {M{\"u}nchen},
  issn      = {0522-5337},
  pages     = {395 -- 396},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{Bickenbach2021,
  author    = {Bickenbach, Christian},
  title     = {Art. 143e Umwandlung der Auftragsverwaltung f{\"u}r die Bundesstraßen},
  series = {Grundgesetz : Kommentar : Art. 70 bis 146},
  volume    = {2},
  booktitle = {Grundgesetz : Kommentar : Art. 70 bis 146},
  editor    = {M{\"u}nch, Ingo von and K{\"a}mmerer, J{\"o}rn Axel and Kotzur, Markus and Kunig, Philip},
  edition   = {7., neubearbeitete Aufl.},
  publisher = {C.H. Beck},
  address   = {M{\"u}nchen},
  isbn      = {978-3-406-58141-0},
  pages     = {1893 -- 1897},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{Bickenbach2021,
  author    = {Bickenbach, Christian},
  title     = {Art. 98 Bundeswasserstraßen, Schifffahrtsverwaltung},
  series = {Grundgesetz : Kommentar : Art. 70 bis 146},
  volume    = {2},
  booktitle = {Grundgesetz : Kommentar : Art. 70 bis 146},
  editor    = {M{\"u}nch, Ingo von and K{\"a}mmerer, J{\"o}rn Axel and Kotzur, Markus and Kunig, Philip},
  edition   = {7., neubearbeitete Auflage},
  publisher = {C.H. Beck},
  address   = {M{\"u}nchen},
  isbn      = {978-3-406-58141-0},
  pages     = {539 -- 564},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{Bickenbach2021,
  author    = {Bickenbach, Christian},
  title     = {\S 6 Bauordnungsrecht, Recht der Raumordnung und Landesplanung},
  series = {Landesrecht Brandenburg},
  booktitle = {Landesrecht Brandenburg},
  editor    = {Bauer, Hartmut and H{\"a}de, Ulrich and Peine, Franz-Joseph},
  publisher = {Nomos},
  address   = {Baden-Baden},
  isbn      = {978-3-8487-6334-4},
  doi       = {10.5771/9783748904427-264},
  pages     = {264 -- 318},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{BickenbachBecher2021,
  author    = {Bickenbach, Christian and Becher, Hans},
  title     = {\S 3 Begriffsbestimmungen},
  series = {BImSchG : Bundes-Immissionsschutzgesetz : Kommentar},
  booktitle = {BImSchG : Bundes-Immissionsschutzgesetz : Kommentar},
  editor    = {Appel, Markus and Ohms, Martin J. and Saurer, Johannes},
  publisher = {Erich Schmidt},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-503-18891-8},
  issn      = {1865-4177},
  pages     = {84 -- 136},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{BickenbachGubelt2021,
  author    = {Bickenbach, Christian and Gubelt, Manfred},
  title     = {Art. 36 Beamte der Bundesbeh{\"o}rden},
  series = {Grundgesetz : Kommentar : Pr{\"a}ambel bis Art. 69},
  volume    = {1},
  booktitle = {Grundgesetz : Kommentar : Pr{\"a}ambel bis Art. 69},
  editor    = {M{\"u}nch, Ingo von and K{\"a}mmerer, J{\"o}rn Axel and Kotzur, Markus and Kunig, Philip},
  edition   = {7., neubearbeitete Aufl.},
  publisher = {C.H. Beck},
  address   = {M{\"u}nchen},
  isbn      = {978-3-406-73591-2},
  pages     = {2151 -- 2158},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{BickenbachKunig2021,
  author    = {Bickenbach, Christian and Kunig, Philip},
  title     = {Art. 131 Rechtsverh{\"a}ltnisse des {\"o}ffentlichen Dienstes},
  series = {Grundgesetz : Kommentar : Art. 70 bis 146},
  volume    = {2},
  booktitle = {Grundgesetz : Kommentar : Art. 70 bis 146},
  editor    = {M{\"u}nch, Ingo von and K{\"a}mmerer, J{\"o}rn Axel and Kotzur, Markus and Kunig, Philip},
  edition   = {7., neubearbeitete Aufl.},
  publisher = {C.H. Beck},
  address   = {M{\"u}nchen},
  isbn      = {978-3-406-58141-0},
  pages     = {1706 -- 1709},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{BickenbachMager2021,
  author    = {Bickenbach, Christian and Mager, Ute},
  title     = {Art. 130 {\"U}bergang von Einrichtungen der Verwaltung und Rechtspflege},
  series = {Grundgesetz : Kommentar : Art. 70 bis 146},
  volume    = {2},
  booktitle = {Grundgesetz : Kommentar : Art. 70 bis 146},
  editor    = {M{\"u}nch, Ingo von and K{\"a}mmerer, J{\"o}rn Axel and Kotzur, Markus and Kunig, Philip},
  edition   = {7., neubearbeitete Auflage},
  publisher = {C.H. Beck},
  address   = {M{\"u}nchen},
  isbn      = {978-3-406-58141-0},
  pages     = {1700 -- 1705},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BienertHuebner2021,
  author    = {Bienert, Michael C. and H{\"u}bner, Kristina},
  title     = {Der Freistaat Preußen in der Weimarer Republik},
  series = {Preußen : Geschichte eines Mythos},
  journal   = {Preußen : Geschichte eines Mythos},
  publisher = {be.bra},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-89809-095-7},
  pages     = {170 -- 197},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{BiermannSchwarz2021,
  author    = {Biermann, Kurt-Reinhard and Schwarz, Ingo},
  title     = {Der polyglotte Alexander von Humboldt},
  series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz},
  volume    = {XXII},
  journal   = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz},
  editor    = {Ette, Ottmar and Knobloch, Eberhard},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {2568-3543},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-53332},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-533323},
  pages     = {129 -- 140},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Bilda2021,
  author    = {Bilda, Kerstin},
  title     = {Digitale Logop{\"a}die},
  series = {Spektrum Patholinguistik},
  journal   = {Spektrum Patholinguistik},
  number    = {14},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-86956-507-1},
  issn      = {1866-9085},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-51032},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-510328},
  pages     = {77 -- 82},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Bilgen2021,
  author    = {Bilgen, Isa},
  title     = {Securitas libertatis},
  series = {Rechtsphilosophie},
  volume    = {7},
  journal   = {Rechtsphilosophie},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Nomos},
  address   = {Baden-Baden},
  issn      = {2364-1355},
  doi       = {10.5771/2364-1355-2021-4-371},
  pages     = {371 -- 399},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The question of the relationship between freedom and security is characteristic of the discourse in times of crisis. In the coronavirus pandemic, too, society is faced with the challenge of how a democratic order can overcome the security crisis while preserving its fundamental principles, such as individual freedom as a highest value. This article explores this question. Following Axel Honneth, it is based on a social concept of freedom, which understands a social coexistence of people in security as essential for freedom in general. Freedom and security are interpreted dialectically and are accordingly not regarded as bipolar opposites, but as a unity. Considering deontological and consequentialist approaches, the text simultaneously assumes a primacy of social freedom. This is due to its dialectical nature. Because of its social character, freedom also implies mutual responsibility between individuals.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Bilgen2021,
  author    = {Bilgen, Isa},
  title     = {Zwischen Freiheit und Verantwortung wider eine utopische Verfassungsinterpretation},
  series = {Merkur : deutsche Zeitschrift f{\"u}r europ{\"a}isches Denken},
  volume    = {75},
  journal   = {Merkur : deutsche Zeitschrift f{\"u}r europ{\"a}isches Denken},
  number    = {867},
  publisher = {Klett-Cotta},
  address   = {Stuttgart},
  issn      = {0026-0096},
  pages     = {84 -- 91},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BimbinovStage2021,
  author    = {Bimbinov, Arseniy A. and Stage, Diana},
  title     = {Развитие медицинского уголовного права в Германии и России},
  series = {Vserossijskij kriminologičeskij žurnal : RKZ = Russian journal of criminology : RJC},
  volume    = {15},
  journal   = {Vserossijskij kriminologičeskij žurnal : RKZ = Russian journal of criminology : RJC},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Bajkal'skij gosudarstvennij universitet},
  address   = {Irkutsk},
  issn      = {2500-4255},
  doi       = {10.17150/2500-4255.2021.15(4).456-465},
  pages     = {456 -- 465},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Negative consequences of the actions of medical professionals have always been subject to controversial assessment from the legal standpoint. There were periods in Russian history when doctors were prosecuted even without establishing their guilt first, and the periods when doctors were not held responsible at all for the violations that they committed. Currently, medical and pharmaceutical work is a complicated process of performing professional functions connected with the observance of established standards and requirements of its organization. Most medical tests and manipulations of prevention, research, diagnostic, treatment or rehabilitation character are regulated by formal protocols which could, in some cases, prevent a qualified doctor from saving a patient's life and in others - inflict forced harm on their health. Both of these situations require a legal assessment of the actions, the mechanism of which has not yet been fully determined. This circumstance could lead to a criminal prosecution of a medical professional whose fault is absent (or nonobvious). On the other hand, a structurally complex professional activity, for which there are no recognized methods of legal assessment, creates preconditions for various violations and abuses on the part of medical professionals. Changing relationships between a doctor and a patient, as well as the commercialization of modern medical practices have made the healthcare system one of the most delicto- and even criminally-oriented. <br /> These factors act as causes for the growing complexity of legislation (in the wide sense of the word) on criminal liability of medical professionals and the controversial law enforcement practice which, in its turn, leads to the interest of researchers in these problems. The results of such research often remain unconnected with other achievements of the criminal law science; due to this, it is necessary to study the development of law, including the practice of law enforcement and the doctrine, on criminal liability of medical professionals - medical criminal law. Taking into consideration that such a sub-branch of law is not traditional for Russian science, the authors present the results of researching the development of medical criminal law not only in Russia, but also in Germany, where this sphere of law has long been established as independent.},
  language  = {ru}
}
@article{BinderApelt2021,
  author    = {Binder, Beate and Apelt, Maja},
  title     = {Legal Gender Studies: Herausforderungen und Perspektiven feministischer Rechtskritik},
  series = {Feministische Studien},
  volume    = {39},
  journal   = {Feministische Studien},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {De Gruyter Oldenbourg},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {0723-5186},
  doi       = {10.1515/fs-2021-0034},
  pages     = {321 -- 340},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BirukovCuadratPolemitietal.2021,
  author    = {Birukov, Anna and Cuadrat, Rafael R. C. and Polemiti, Elli and Eichelmann, Fabian and Schulze, Matthias Bernd},
  title     = {Advanced glycation end-products, measured as skin autofluorescence, associate with vascular stiffness in diabetic, pre-diabetic and normoglycemic individuals},
  series = {Cardiovascular diabetology},
  volume    = {20},
  journal   = {Cardiovascular diabetology},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {BioMed Central},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {1475-2840},
  doi       = {10.1186/s12933-021-01296-5},
  pages     = {11},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Background Advanced glycation end-products are proteins that become glycated after contact with sugars and are implicated in endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffening. We aimed to investigate the relationships between advanced glycation end-products, measured as skin autofluorescence, and vascular stiffness in various glycemic strata. Methods We performed a cross-sectional analysis within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam cohort, comprising n = 3535 participants (median age 67 years, 60\% women). Advanced glycation end-products were measured as skin autofluorescence with AGE-Reader (TM), vascular stiffness was measured as pulse wave velocity, augmentation index and ankle-brachial index with Vascular Explorer (TM). A subset of 1348 participants underwent an oral glucose tolerance test. Participants were sub-phenotyped into normoglycemic, prediabetes and diabetes groups. Associations between skin autofluorescence and various indices of vascular stiffness were assessed by multivariable regression analyses and were adjusted for age, sex, measures of adiposity and lifestyle, blood pressure, prevalent conditions, medication use and blood biomarkers. Results Skin autofluorescence associated with pulse wave velocity, augmentation index and ankle-brachial index, adjusted beta coefficients (95\% CI) per unit skin autofluorescence increase: 0.38 (0.21; 0.55) for carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, 0.25 (0.14; 0.37) for aortic pulse wave velocity, 1.00 (0.29; 1.70) for aortic augmentation index, 4.12 (2.24; 6.00) for brachial augmentation index and - 0.04 (- 0.05; - 0.02) for ankle-brachial index. The associations were strongest in men, younger individuals and were consistent across all glycemic strata: for carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity 0.36 (0.12; 0.60) in normoglycemic, 0.33 (- 0.01; 0.67) in prediabetes and 0.45 (0.09; 0.80) in diabetes groups; with similar estimates for aortic pulse wave velocity. Augmentation index was associated with skin autofluorescence only in normoglycemic and diabetes groups. Ankle-brachial index inversely associated with skin autofluorescence across all sex, age and glycemic strata. Conclusions Our findings indicate that advanced glycation end-products measured as skin autofluorescence might be involved in vascular stiffening independent of age and other cardiometabolic risk factors not only in individuals with diabetes but also in normoglycemic and prediabetic conditions. Skin autofluorescence might prove as a rapid and non-invasive method for assessment of macrovascular disease progression across all glycemic strata.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BievrePerrin2021,
  author    = {Bi{\`e}vre-Perrin, Fabien},
  title     = {"Everything is a copy of a copy of a copy"},
  series = {thersites 13: Antiquipop - Chefs d'œuvres revisit{\´e}s},
  volume    = {2021},
  journal   = {thersites 13: Antiquipop - Chefs d'œuvres revisit{\´e}s},
  number    = {13},
  editor    = {Bi{\`e}vre-Perrin, Fabien and Carl{\`a}-Uhink, Filippo and Rollinger, Christian and Walde, Christine},
  issn      = {2364-7612},
  doi       = {10.34679/thersites.vol13.191},
  pages     = {i -- v},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {A quote from Fight Club (Chuck Palahniuk, 1996) may seem unusual for a Classicist. Nevertheless, this famous sentence summarises the contents of this special issue of thersites perfectly. As specialists in classical reception frequently witness, there is a sort of d{\´e}j{\`a}-vu effect when it comes to the presence of Antiquity within popular culture. In 2019, to try to better understand the phenomenon, Antiquipop invited researchers to take an interest in the construction and semantic path of these "masterpieces" in contemporary popular culture, with a particular focus on the 21st century.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{BievrePerrinBriandJouteuretal.2021,
  author    = {Bi{\`e}vre-Perrin, Fabien and Briand, Michel and Jouteur, Isabelle and Pampanay, {\´E}lise and Besnard, Tiphaine Annabelle and Costanzo, Daniela and Renault, Manon and Saura-Ziegelmeyer, Arnaud and Scapin, Mathieu and Gonz{\´a}lez V{\´a}zquez, Mateo and Mihanovic, Andelko},
  title     = {Antiquipop - Chefs d'œuvres revisit{\´e}s},
  series = {thersites},
  volume    = {2021},
  journal   = {thersites},
  number    = {13},
  editor    = {Bi{\`e}vre-Perrin, Fabien and Carl{\`a}-Uhink, Filippo and Rollinger, Christian and Walde, Christine},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {2364-7612},
  doi       = {10.34679/thersites.vol13},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {This special issue hosts the proceedings of a workshop that took place in Lyon in 2019, dedicated to discussing the modern receptions of some "masterpieces" from ancient Greek art.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BjoerkHoelzleBoer2021,
  author    = {Bj{\"o}rk, Jennie and H{\"o}lzle, Katharina and Boer, Harry},
  title     = {'What will we learn from the current crisis?'},
  series = {Creativity and innovation management},
  volume    = {30},
  journal   = {Creativity and innovation management},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell},
  address   = {Oxford [u.a.]},
  issn      = {0963-1690},
  doi       = {10.1111/caim.12442},
  pages     = {231 -- 232},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BlackwellWiltrout2021,
  author    = {Blackwell, Virginia Katherine and Wiltrout, Mary Ellen},
  title     = {Learning During COVID-19},
  series = {EMOOCs 2021},
  volume    = {2021},
  journal   = {EMOOCs 2021},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-86956-512-5},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-51725},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-517251},
  pages     = {219 -- 236},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {During the COVID-19 pandemic, learning in higher education and beyond shifted en masse to online formats, with the short- and long-term consequences for Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) platforms, learners, and creators still under evaluation. In this paper, we sought to determine whether the COVID-19 pandemic and this shift to online learning led to increased learner engagement and attainment in a single introductory biology MOOC through evaluating enrollment, proportional and individual engagement, and verification and performance data. As this MOOC regularly operates each year, we compared these data collected from two course runs during the pandemic to three pre-pandemic runs. During the first pandemic run, the number and rate of learners enrolling in the course doubled when compared to prior runs, while the second pandemic run indicated a gradual return to pre-pandemic enrollment. Due to higher enrollment, more learners viewed videos, attempted problems, and posted to the discussion forums during the pandemic. Participants engaged with forums in higher proportions in both pandemic runs, but the proportion of participants who viewed videos decreased in the second pandemic run relative to the prior runs. A higher percentage of learners chose to pursue a certificate via the verified track in each pandemic run, though a smaller proportion earned certification in the second pandemic run. During the pandemic, more enrolled learners did not necessarily correlate to greater engagement by all metrics. While verified-track learner performance varied widely during each run, the effects of the pandemic were not uniform for learners, much like in other aspects of life. As such, individual engagement trends in the first pandemic run largely resemble pre-pandemic metrics but with more learners overall, while engagement trends in the second pandemic run are less like pre-pandemic metrics, hinting at learner "fatigue". This study serves to highlight the life-long learning opportunity that MOOCs offer is even more critical when traditional education modes are disrupted and more people are at home or unemployed. This work indicates that this boom in MOOC participation may not remain at a high level for the longer term in any one course, but overall, the number of MOOCs, programs, and learners continues to grow.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BlaesiusFriedrichSchirneck2021,
  author    = {Blaesius, Thomas and Friedrich, Tobias and Schirneck, Friedrich Martin},
  title     = {The complexity of dependency detection and discovery in relational databases},
  series = {Theoretical computer science},
  volume    = {900},
  journal   = {Theoretical computer science},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0304-3975},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.tcs.2021.11.020},
  pages     = {79 -- 96},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Multi-column dependencies in relational databases come associated with two different computational tasks. The detection problem is to decide whether a dependency of a certain type and size holds in a given database, the discovery problem asks to enumerate all valid dependencies of that type. We settle the complexity of both of these problems for unique column combinations (UCCs), functional dependencies (FDs), and inclusion dependencies (INDs). We show that the detection of UCCs and FDs is W[2]-complete when parameterized by the solution size. The discovery of inclusion-wise minimal UCCs is proven to be equivalent under parsimonious reductions to the transversal hypergraph problem of enumerating the minimal hitting sets of a hypergraph. The discovery of FDs is equivalent to the simultaneous enumeration of the hitting sets of multiple input hypergraphs. We further identify the detection of INDs as one of the first natural W[3]-complete problems. The discovery of maximal INDs is shown to be equivalent to enumerating the maximal satisfying assignments of antimonotone, 3-normalized Boolean formulas.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BlanchardAbeykoonFrostetal.2021,
  author    = {Blanchard, Ingrid and Abeykoon, Sumith and Frost, Daniel J. and Rubie, David C.},
  title     = {Sulfur content at sulfide saturation of peridotitic melt at upper mantle conditions},
  series = {American mineralogist : an international journal of earth and planetary materials / Mineralogical Society of America},
  volume    = {106},
  journal   = {American mineralogist : an international journal of earth and planetary materials / Mineralogical Society of America},
  number    = {11},
  publisher = {Mineralogical Society of America},
  address   = {Washington, DC [u.a.]},
  issn      = {0003-004X},
  doi       = {10.2138/am-2021-7649},
  pages     = {1835 -- 1843},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The concentration of sulfur that can be dissolved in a silicate liquid is of fundamental importance because it is closely associated with several major Earth-related processes. Considerable effort has been made to understand the interplay between the effects of silicate melt composition and its capac-ity to retain sulfur, but the dependence on pressure and temperature is mostly based on experiments performed at pressures and temperatures below 6 GPa and 2073 K. Here we present a study of the effects of pressure and temperature on sulfur content at sulfide saturation of a peridotitic liquid. We performed 14 multi-anvil experiments using a peridotitic starting composition, and we produced 25 new measurements at conditions ranging from 7 to 23 GPa and 2173 to 2623 K. We analyzed the recovered samples using both electron microprobe and laser ablation ICP-MS. We compiled our data together with previously published data that were obtained at lower P-T conditions and with various silicate melt compositions. We present a new model based on this combined data set that encompasses the entire range of upper mantle pressure-temperature conditions, along with the effect of a wide range of silicate melt compositions. Our findings are consistent with earlier work based on extrapolation from lower-pressure and lower-temperature experiments and show a decrease of sulfur content at sulfide saturation (SCSS) with increasing pressure and an increase of SCSS with increasing temperature. We have extrapolated our results to pressure-temperature conditions of the Earth's primitive magma ocean, and show that FeS will exsolve from the molten silicate and can effectively be extracted to the core by a process that has been termed the "Hadean Matte." We also discuss briefly the implications of our results for the lunar magma ocean.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Bleyl2021,
  author    = {Bleyl, Dietmar},
  title     = {Die Schweizer Kolonisten im Golmer Bruch bei Potsdam},
  series = {Ver{\"o}ffentlichungen des Brandenburgischen Landeshauptarchivs ; 76},
  journal   = {Ver{\"o}ffentlichungen des Brandenburgischen Landeshauptarchivs ; 76},
  publisher = {Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-8305-5092-1},
  pages     = {283},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Was w{\"a}re Brandenburg ohne seine vielen Einwanderer? Ohne die Hugenotten, ohne die B{\"o}hmen - und die Schweizer!? Die Zuwanderung von Schweizer Kolonisten nach Brandenburg hat die Migrationsforschung bisher nur marginal wahrgenommen. Der „Große Kurf{\"u}rst" Friedrich Wilhelm hatte sich, nachdem es in der Schweiz Ende des 17. Jahrhunderts zu enormen sozialen Spannungen gekommen war, 1683 an den B{\"u}rgermeister und den Rat der Stadt Bern gewandt: Er bat um {\"U}berlassung von „Zehen oder Zwantzig Familien", „welche der Wirthschafft und Viehzucht wohl erfahren seyn". Die Folgenbew{\"a}ltigung des 30-j{\"a}hrigen Krieges, der die Kurmark vielerorts entv{\"o}lkert hatte, war f{\"u}r ihn oberstes Staatsziel. Unter den nachgeborenen Schweizer S{\"o}hnen fanden sich viele Einwanderwillige, sodass eine Auswahl unter ihnen n{\"o}tig wurde, „denn es ginge um die Ehre der Schweizerischen Nation." Auch heute noch kann man den Stolz dieser kleinen Einwanderungsgruppe in Nattwerder erleben. Dietmar Bleyl untersucht ihr Schicksal sowohl unter dem wirtschaftlichen Aspekt (bis ins 19. Jahrhundert) als auch unter dem konfessionellen Aspekt (bis 1949) und schließt damit eine L{\"u}cke in der bisherigen Forschung.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BlockSchulzeDeekenetal.2021,
  author    = {Block, Andrea and Schulze, Susanne and Deeken, Friederike and H{\"a}usler, Andreas and Rezo, Anna and Rapp, Michael Armin and Wippert, Pia-Maria},
  title     = {Effects of inflammatory markers and biographical stress on treatment response in depression},
  series = {Psychoneuroendocrinology : an international journal ; the official journal of the International Society of Psychoneuroendocrinology},
  volume    = {131},
  journal   = {Psychoneuroendocrinology : an international journal ; the official journal of the International Society of Psychoneuroendocrinology},
  number    = {Supplement},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {0306-4530},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105535},
  pages     = {S24 -- S24},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Background Recent research emphasized the role of inflammatory processes in the pathophysiology of depression. Theories hypothesizes that life events (LE) can affect the immune system and trigger depressive symptoms. LE are also considered as one of the best predictors for the onset and course of depressive disorders. Methods Observational study across three treatment settings: n=208 depressive patients (75.5\%f, M 46.6 y) were examined on depression (BDI-II), life events (ILE) and inflammatory markers (IL-6, CRP, fibrinogen, ICAM-1, TNF-alpha, E-selectin) at baseline (t0), 5-week(t1) and 5-month(t2) follow-up. Effects and interactions were analyzed with regression models. Results LE were associated with depressive symptoms at t0 (beta=.209; p=.002) and both follow-ups. Except for CRP, which was linked to depression symptoms at t2 (betai=-.190; p=.032), there were no effects of inflammatory markers on depressive symptoms. At t1, an interaction between CRP and LE in total (beta=-.249; p=.041) was found as well as for LE in the past five years (beta=-.122; p=.027). Similar interactions were found between cumulative LE and ICAM-1 (beta=-.197; p=.003) and IL-6 (beta=-.425; p=.001). Conclusion The cumulative burden of LE effects symptoms and treatment outcome in depressive patients. There is some evidence that inflammatory marker may have long-term effects on treatment outcome as they seem to weaken the determining relation between LE and depression.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{BlockGuenterRodriguesetal.2021,
  author    = {Block, Inga and G{\"u}nter, Christina and Rodrigues, Alysson Duarte and Paasch, Silvia and Hesemann, Peter and Taubert, Andreas},
  title     = {Carbon Adsorbents from Spent Coffee for Removal of Methylene Blue and Methyl Orange from Water},
  series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  journal   = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  number    = {14},
  issn      = {1866-8372},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-52165},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-521653},
  pages     = {20},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Activated carbons (ACs) were prepared from dried spent coffee (SCD), a biological waste product, to produce adsorbents for methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) from aqueous solution. Pre-pyrolysis activation of SCD was achieved via treatment of the SCD with aqueous sodium hydroxide solutions at 90 °C. Pyrolysis of the pretreated SCD at 500 °C for 1 h produced powders with typical characteristics of AC suitable and effective for dye adsorption. As an alternative to the rather harsh base treatment, calcium carbonate powder, a very common and abundant resource, was also studied as an activator. Mixtures of SCD and CaCO3 (1:1 w/w) yielded effective ACs for MO and MB removal upon pyrolysis needing only small amounts of AC to clear the solutions. A selectivity of the adsorption process toward anionic (MO) or cationic (MB) dyes was not observed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BlockGuenterRodriguesetal.2021,
  author    = {Block, Inga and G{\"u}nter, Christina and Rodrigues, Alysson Duarte and Paasch, Silvia and Hesemann, Peter and Taubert, Andreas},
  title     = {Carbon Adsorbents from Spent Coffee for Removal of Methylene Blue and Methyl Orange from Water},
  series = {Materials},
  volume    = {14},
  journal   = {Materials},
  number    = {14},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {1996-1944},
  doi       = {10.3390/ma14143996},
  pages     = {18},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Activated carbons (ACs) were prepared from dried spent coffee (SCD), a biological waste product, to produce adsorbents for methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) from aqueous solution. Pre-pyrolysis activation of SCD was achieved via treatment of the SCD with aqueous sodium hydroxide solutions at 90 °C. Pyrolysis of the pretreated SCD at 500 °C for 1 h produced powders with typical characteristics of AC suitable and effective for dye adsorption. As an alternative to the rather harsh base treatment, calcium carbonate powder, a very common and abundant resource, was also studied as an activator. Mixtures of SCD and CaCO3 (1:1 w/w) yielded effective ACs for MO and MB removal upon pyrolysis needing only small amounts of AC to clear the solutions. A selectivity of the adsorption process toward anionic (MO) or cationic (MB) dyes was not observed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Blum2021,
  type      = {Master Thesis},
  author    = {Blum, Franziska},
  title     = {I see you smile, you must be happy! Social-emotional gains and usability evaluation of the new training tool E.V.A.: A pilot study},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-50550},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-505509},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {XIX, 80},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Emotions are a complex concept and they are present in our everyday life. Persons on the autism spectrum are said to have difficulties in social interactions, showing deficits in emotion recognition in comparison to neurotypically developed persons. But social-emotional skills are believed to be positively augmented by training. A new adaptive social cognition training tool "E.V.A." is introduced which teaches emotion recognition from face, voice and body language. One cross-sectional and one longitudinal study with adult neurotypical and autistic participants were conducted. The aim of the cross-sectional study was to characterize the two groups and see if differences in their social-emotional skills exist. The longitudinal study, on the other hand, aimed for detecting possible training effects following training with the new training tool. In addition, in both studies usability assessments were conducted to investigate the perceived usability of the new tool for neurotypical as well as autistic participants. Differences were found between autistic and neurotypical participants in their social-emotional and emotion recognition abilities. Training effects for neurotypical participants in an emotion recognition task were found after two weeks of home training. Similar perceived usability was found for the neurotypical and autistic participants. The current findings suggest that persons with ASC do not have a general deficit in emotion recognition, but are in need for more time to correctly recognize emotions. In addition, findings suggest that training emotion recognition abilities is possible. Further studies are needed to verify if the training effects found for neurotypical participants also manifest in a larger ASC sample.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BlumeSchneiderGuentner2021,
  author    = {Blume, Theresa and Schneider, Lisa and G{\"u}ntner, Andreas},
  title     = {Comparative analysis of throughfall observations in six different forest stands},
  series = {Hydrological processes},
  volume    = {36},
  journal   = {Hydrological processes},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Wiley},
  address   = {Hoboken},
  issn      = {0885-6087},
  doi       = {10.1002/hyp.14461},
  pages     = {21},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Throughfall, that is, the fraction of rainfall that passes through the forest canopy, is strongly influenced by rainfall and forest stand characteristics which are in turn both subject to seasonal dynamics. Disentangling the complex interplay of these controls is challenging, and only possible with long-term monitoring and a large number of throughfall events measured in parallel at different forest stands. We therefore based our analysis on 346 rainfall events across six different forest stands at the long-term terrestrial environmental observatory TERENO Northeast Germany. These forest stands included pure stands of beech, pine and young pine, and mixed stands of oak-beech, pine-beech and pine-oak-beech. Throughfall was overall relatively low, with 54-68\% of incident rainfall in summer. Based on the large number of events it was possible to not only investigate mean or cumulative throughfall but also its statistical distribution. The distributions of throughfall fractions show distinct differences between the three types of forest stands (deciduous, mixed and pine). The distributions of the deciduous stands have a pronounced peak at low throughfall fractions and a secondary peak at high fractions in summer, as well as a pronounced peak at higher throughfall fractions in winter. Interestingly, the mixed stands behave like deciduous stands in summer and like pine stands in winter: their summer distributions are similar to the deciduous stands but the winter peak at high throughfall fractions is much less pronounced. The seasonal comparison further revealed that the wooden components and the leaves behaved differently in their throughfall response to incident rainfall, especially at higher rainfall intensities. These results are of interest for estimating forest water budgets and in the context of hydrological and land surface modelling where poor simulation of throughfall would adversely impact estimates of evaporative recycling and water availability for vegetation and runoff.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BochoveGrijpmaLendleinetal.2021,
  author    = {Bochove, Bas van and Grijpma, Dirk W. and Lendlein, Andreas and Sepp{\"a}l{\"a}, Jukka},
  title     = {Designing advanced functional polymers for medicine},
  series = {European polymer journal : EPJ},
  volume    = {155},
  journal   = {European polymer journal : EPJ},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {0014-3057},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110573},
  pages     = {2},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {en}
}
@book{BockSchubarth2021,
  author    = {Bock, Sophia and Schubarth, Wilfried},
  title     = {Basiswissen Verschw{\"o}rungsmythen},
  series = {Brennpunkt Schule},
  journal   = {Brennpunkt Schule},
  publisher = {Kohlhammer},
  address   = {Stuttgart},
  isbn      = {978-3-17-041246-0},
  pages     = {207},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{BoekerHermanussenScheffler2021,
  author    = {Boeker, Sonja and Hermanussen, Michael and Scheffler, Christiane},
  title     = {Westernization of self-perception in modern affluent Indonesian school children},
  series = {Human Biology and Public Health},
  volume    = {2021},
  journal   = {Human Biology and Public Health},
  number    = {1},
  editor    = {Scheffler, Christiane and Koziel, Slawomir and Hermanussen, Michael and Bogin, Barry},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {2748-9957},
  doi       = {10.52905/hbph.v1.4},
  pages     = {1 -- 13},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Background Subjective Social Status is used as an important predictor for psychological and physiological findings, most commonly measured with the MacArthur Scale (Ladder Test). Previous studies have shown that this test fits better in Western cultures. The idea of a social ladder itself and ranking oneself "higher" or "lower" is a concept that accords to the Western thinking. Objectives We hypothesize that in a culture where only the elites have adapted to a Western lifestyle, the test results reflect a higher level of accuracy for this stratum. We also expect that self-perception differs per sex. Sample and Methods We implemented the Ladder Test in a study of Indonesian schoolchildren aged between 5 and 13 years (boys N = 369, girls N= 364) from non-private and private schools in Kupang in 2020. Results Our analysis showed that the Ladder Test results were according to the Western expectations only for the private school, as the Ladder Scores significantly decreased with age (LM: p = 0.04). The Ladder Test results are best explained by "Education Father" for the non-private school pupils (p = 0.01) and all boys (p = 0.04), by "School Grades" for the private school cohort (p = 0.06) and by "Household Score" for girls (p =0.09). Conclusion This finding indicates that the concept of ranking oneself "high" or "low" on a social ladder is strongly implicated with Western ideas. A ladder implies social movement by "climbing" up or down. According to that, reflection of self-perception is influenced by culture.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Bogin2021,
  author    = {Bogin, Barry},
  title     = {Social-Economic-Political-Emotional (SEPE) factors regulate human growth},
  series = {Human Biology and Public Health},
  volume    = {2021},
  journal   = {Human Biology and Public Health},
  number    = {1},
  editor    = {Scheffler, Christiane and Koziel, Slawomir and Hermanussen, Michael and Bogin, Barry},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {2748-9957},
  doi       = {10.52905/hbph.v1.10},
  pages     = {1 -- 20},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Background There is a recurring and seamless interaction between the biology of human development and the social-economic-political-emotional (SEPE) environment. The SEPE environment influences the quality of the material conditions for human biology and, simultaneously, human growth in height and other dimensions provide social and moral signals that provide information to community networks. Objectives This article reviews the role of SEPE factors in human growth, especially skeletal growth. Sample and Methods The meaning of SEPE is defined and shown to be related to individual and group prestige, to social identity, and to ego and task motivation. These influence dominance or subordination of communities and the material and moral conditions of societies. Historical and contemporary examples of SEPE effects on skeletal size are presented. Results Membership in a SEPE community impacts skeletal size in height and breadth. Higher SEPE classes are taller, lower SEPE classes are broader. In elite level sport the winners have more growth stimulation via the hormone IGF-1 even before the contest. These findings are explained in terms of dominance versus subordination and the Community Effect in Height hypothesis. Conclusions SEPE factor regulation of human growth is shown to be a more comprehensive explanation for plasticity in height than traditional concepts such as socioeconomic status and simple-minded genetic determinism. People belonging to upper SEPE class communities, the elites, know that they are superior and are treated as such by the non-elites. The material and moral condition for life operating through these community social networks provide positive stimulation for the elites and negative stimulation for the lower SEPE classes. These differences maintain the gradients in height between SEPE communities in human societies.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{BoginHermanussenScheffler2021,
  author    = {Bogin, Barry and Hermanussen, Michael and Scheffler, Christiane},
  title     = {Fear, violence, inequality and stunting in Guatemala},
  series = {American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Association},
  volume    = {33},
  booktitle = {American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Association},
  publisher = {Wiley Interscience},
  address   = {New York, NY [u.a.]},
  issn      = {1520-6300},
  doi       = {10.1002/ajhb.23593},
  pages     = {1},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BogumilKuhlmann2021,
  author    = {Bogumil, J{\"o}rg and Kuhlmann, Sabine},
  title     = {Digitale Transformation in deutschen Kommunen},
  series = {Die Verwaltung},
  volume    = {54},
  journal   = {Die Verwaltung},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Duncker \& Humblot},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {0042-4498},
  doi       = {10.3790/verw.54.1.105},
  pages     = {105 -- 132},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Deutschland landet in europ{\"a}ischen Rankings zur Verwaltungsdigitalisierung regelm{\"a}ßig im hinteren Mittelfeld. Die bisherige Bilanz der Digitalisierung f{\"u}r die deutsche {\"o}ffentliche Verwaltung ist trotz verst{\"a}rkter Anstrengungen aller f{\"o}deraler Ebenen, wie sie insbesondere in der Umsetzung des Onlinezugangsgesetzes (OZG) zum Ausdruck kommen, nach wie vor als eher ern{\"u}chternd einzusch{\"a}tzen. Vor diesem Hintergrund besch{\"a}ftigt sich der vorliegende Beitrag mit der Umsetzung, den H{\"u}rden und ausgew{\"a}hlten Wirkungsaspekten der Verwaltungsdigitalisierung auf kommunaler Ebene. Die empirische Basis bildet eine 2019 abgeschlossene Studie zur digitalen Transformation in einem Schl{\"u}sselbereich b{\"u}rgerbezogener Leistungserbringung, den st{\"a}dtischen B{\"u}rger{\"a}mtern, welche die am meisten nachgefragten kommunalen Dienstleistungen bereitstellen. Aus der Analyse lassen sich wichtige Erkenntnisse f{\"u}r die zuk{\"u}nftige Entwicklung der Digitalisierung {\"o}ffentlicher Leistungserbringung in Deutschland ableiten.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Bohlsen2021,
  author    = {Bohlsen, Stefan},
  title     = {Case C-532/18 G.N. v. Z.U. (Niki Luftfahrt) (C.J.E.U.)},
  series = {International legal materials},
  volume    = {60},
  journal   = {International legal materials},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  address   = {Cambridge},
  issn      = {0020-7829},
  doi       = {10.1017/ilm.2021.1},
  pages     = {290 -- 297},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Boissier2021,
  author    = {Boissier, Martin},
  title     = {Robust and budget-constrained encoding configurations for in-memory database systems},
  series = {Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment},
  volume    = {15},
  journal   = {Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)},
  address   = {[New York]},
  issn      = {2150-8097},
  doi       = {10.14778/3503585.3503588},
  pages     = {780 -- 793},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Data encoding has been applied to database systems for decades as it mitigates bandwidth bottlenecks and reduces storage requirements. But even in the presence of these advantages, most in-memory database systems use data encoding only conservatively as the negative impact on runtime performance can be severe. Real-world systems with large parts being infrequently accessed and cost efficiency constraints in cloud environments require solutions that automatically and efficiently select encoding techniques, including heavy-weight compression. In this paper, we introduce workload-driven approaches to automaticaly determine memory budget-constrained encoding configurations using greedy heuristics and linear programming. We show for TPC-H, TPC-DS, and the Join Order Benchmark that optimized encoding configurations can reduce the main memory footprint significantly without a loss in runtime performance over state-of-the-art dictionary encoding. To yield robust selections, we extend the linear programming-based approach to incorporate query runtime constraints and mitigate unexpected performance regressions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Bollen2021,
  author    = {Bollen, Timo},
  title     = {Rezension zu: Mersch, Katharina Ulrike: Missachtung, Anerkennung und Kreativit{\"a}t: Exkommunizierte Laien im 13. Jahrhundert. - Ostfildern: Jan Thorbecke Verlag, 2020. - 581 S. - ISBN 978-3-7995-4386-6},
  series = {Deutsche Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Geschichtswissenschaft},
  volume    = {69},
  journal   = {Deutsche Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Geschichtswissenschaft},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Metropol-Verl.},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {0044-2828},
  pages     = {372 -- 373},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Bollen2021,
  author    = {Bollen, Timo},
  title     = {Rezension zu: Vercamer, Grischa: Hochmittelalterliche Herrschaftspraxis im Spiegel der Geschichtsschreibung : Vorstellungen von „guter" und „schlechter" Herrschaft in England, Polen und dem Reich im 12./13. Jahrhundert. - Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2020. - ISBN: 978-3-447-11354-0},
  series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Geschichtswissenschaft : ZfG},
  volume    = {69},
  journal   = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Geschichtswissenschaft : ZfG},
  number    = {9},
  publisher = {Metropol-Verl.},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {0044-2828},
  pages     = {777 -- 779},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Bollen2021,
  author    = {Bollen, Timo},
  title     = {{\´E}tienne Doublier/Daniela Schulz/Dominik Trump (Hrsg.): Die Historischen Grundwissenschaften heute. Tradition - Methodische Vielfalt - Neuorientierung},
  series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Geschichtswissenschaft},
  volume    = {69},
  journal   = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Geschichtswissenschaft},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {Metropol-Verlag},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {0044-2828},
  pages     = {468 -- 470},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Bollen2021,
  author    = {Bollen, Timo},
  title     = {Rezension zu: Schr{\"o}r, Matthias: Hinkmar von Reims. De iure metropolitanorum. Studien und Edition. - K{\"o}ln: Erzbisch{\"o}fliche Di{\"o}zesan- und Dombibliothek mit Bibliothek St. Albertus Magnus, 2020. - ISBN 978-3-939160-88-5},
  series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Geschichtswissenschaft : ZfG},
  volume    = {69},
  journal   = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Geschichtswissenschaft : ZfG},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Metropol-Verl.},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-939160-88-5},
  issn      = {0044-2828},
  pages     = {279 -- 280},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BondueBirke2021,
  author    = {Bond{\"u}, Rebecca and Birke, Joseph},
  title     = {Links between aggressive sexual fantasies and presumably non-consensual aggressive sexual behavior when controlling for BDSM identity},
  series = {International journal of conflict and violence},
  volume    = {14},
  journal   = {International journal of conflict and violence},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Inst. for Interdisciplinary Conflict and Violence Research, Univ. of Bielefeld},
  address   = {Bielefeld},
  issn      = {1864-1385},
  doi       = {10.4119/ijcv-3777},
  pages     = {17},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Recent research provides evidence that aggressive sexual fantasies predict aggressive sexual behavior in the general population. However, sexual fantasies including fantasies about the infliction of pain and humiliation, should be frequent and often consensually acted upon among individuals with sadomasochistic likings. The question arises whether sexual fantasies with aggressive content still predict presumably non-consensual aggressive sexual behavior in individuals with sadomasochistic likings, given that BDSM encounters are generally considered consensual. To investigate this question, we conducted a questionnaire survey of sexual fantasies, as sessing the frequency of seventy sexual fantasies involving non-aggressive, masochistic, and aggressive acts. Our sample (N = 182) contained 99 respondents who self-identified as sadist, masochist, or switcher; 44 reported no such identification. For respondents reporting BDSM identification, we replicated a factor structure for sexual fantasies similar to that previously found in the general population, including three factors reflecting fantasies about increasingly severe aggressive sexual acts. Fantasies about injuring a partner and/or using weapons and fantasies about sexual coercion predicted presumably non-consensual sexual behavior independently of other risk factors for aggressive sexual behavior and irrespective of BDSM identification. Hence, severely aggressive sexual fantasies may predispose to presumably non-consensual sexual behavior in both individuals with and without BDSM identification.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BondueBirke2021,
  author    = {Bond{\"u}, Rebecca and Birke, Joseph B.},
  title     = {Aggression-related sexual fantasies},
  series = {The journal of sexual medicine : basic research and clinical studies in male and female sexual function and dysfunction},
  volume    = {18},
  journal   = {The journal of sexual medicine : basic research and clinical studies in male and female sexual function and dysfunction},
  number    = {8},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {1743-6095},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.jsxm.2021.06.006},
  pages     = {1383 -- 1397},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Background: Aggression-related sexual fantasies (ASF) are considered an important risk factor for sexual aggression, but empirical knowledge is limited, in part because previous research has been based on predominantly male, North-American college samples, and limited numbers of questions. <br /> Aim: The present study aimed to foster the knowledge about the frequency and correlates of ASF, while including a large sample of women and a broad range of ASF. <br /> Method: A convenience sample of N = 664 participants from Germany including 508 (77\%) women and 156 (23\%) men with a median age of 25 (21-27) years answered an online questionnaire. Participants were mainly recruited via social networks (online and in person) and were mainly students. We examined the frequencies of (aggression-related) sexual fantasies and their expected factor structure (factors reflecting affective, experimental, masochistic, and aggression-related contents) via exploratory factor analysis. We investigated potential correlates (eg, psychopathic traits, attitudes towards sexual fantasies) as predictors of ASF using multiple regression analyses. Finally, we examined whether ASF would positively predict sexual aggression beyond other pertinent risk factors using multiple regression analysis. <br /> Outcomes: The participants rated the frequency of a broad set of 56 aggression-related and other sexual fantasies, attitudes towards sexual fantasies, the Big Five (ie, broad personality dimensions including neuroticism and extraversion), sexual aggression, and other risk factors for sexual aggression. <br /> Results: All participants reported non-aggression-related sexual fantasies and 77\% reported at least one ASF in their lives. Being male, frequent sexual fantasies, psychopathic traits, and negative attitudes towards sexual fantasies predicted more frequent ASF. ASF were the strongest predictor of sexual aggression beyond other risk factors, including general aggression, psychopathic traits, rape myth acceptance, and violent pornography consumption. <br /> Clinical Translation: ASF may be an important risk factor for sexual aggression and should be more strongly considered in prevention and intervention efforts. <br /> Strengths and Limitations: The strengths of the present study include using a large item pool and a large sample with a large proportion of women in order to examine ASF as a predictor of sexual aggression beyond important control variables. Its weaknesses include the reliance on cross-sectional data, that preclude causal inferences, and not continuously distinguishing between consensual and non-consensual acts. <br /> Conclusion: ASF are a frequent phenomenon even in in the general population and among women and show strong associations with sexual aggression. Thus, they require more attention by research on sexual aggression and its prevention.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BonnetDongNaumannetal.2021,
  author    = {Bonnet, Philippe and Dong, Xin Luna and Naumann, Felix and T{\"o}z{\"u}n, P{\i}nar},
  title     = {VLDB 2021},
  series = {SIGMOD record},
  volume    = {50},
  journal   = {SIGMOD record},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
  address   = {New York},
  issn      = {0163-5808},
  pages     = {50 -- 53},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The 47th International Conference on Very Large Databases (VLDB'21) was held on August 16-20, 2021 as a hybrid conference. It attracted 180 in-person attendees in Copenhagen and 840 remote attendees. In this paper, we describe our key decisions as general chairs and program committee chairs and share the lessons we learned.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BonomiSavignonMeneguzzoKuhlmannetal.2021,
  author    = {Bonomi Savignon, Andrea and Meneguzzo, Marco and Kuhlmann, Sabine and Cepiku, Denita},
  title     = {Guest editorial: Interinstitutional performance management},
  series = {International journal of public sector management : IJPSM},
  volume    = {34},
  journal   = {International journal of public sector management : IJPSM},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Emerald Group Publishing Limited},
  address   = {Bingley},
  issn      = {0951-3558},
  doi       = {10.1108/IJPSM-03-2021-0057},
  pages     = {241 -- 246},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BorchardtTrauth2021,
  author    = {Borchardt, Sven and Trauth, Martin H.},
  title     = {Erratum to: Borchardt, Sven, Trauth, Martin H.: Remotely-sensed evapotranspiration estimates for an improved hydrological modeling of the early Holocene mega-lake Suguta, northern Kenya Rift. - (Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. - Volumes 361-362 (2012), S. 14 - 20. - doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.07.009)},
  series = {Palaeogeography, palaeoclimatology, palaeoecology : an international journal for the geo-sciences},
  volume    = {571},
  journal   = {Palaeogeography, palaeoclimatology, palaeoecology : an international journal for the geo-sciences},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0031-0182},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.palaeo.2019.109540},
  pages     = {1},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BorchertMockTomczaketal.2021,
  author    = {Borchert, Florian and Mock, Andreas and Tomczak, Aurelie and H{\"u}gel, Jonas and Alkarkoukly, Samer and Knurr, Alexander and Volckmar, Anna-Lena and Stenzinger, Albrecht and Schirmacher, Peter and Debus, J{\"u}rgen and J{\"a}ger, Dirk and Longerich, Thomas and Fr{\"o}hling, Stefan and Eils, Roland and Bougatf, Nina and Sax, Ulrich and Schapranow, Matthieu-Patrick},
  title     = {Knowledge bases and software support for variant interpretation in precision oncology},
  series = {Briefings in bioinformatics},
  volume    = {22},
  journal   = {Briefings in bioinformatics},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {1467-5463},
  doi       = {10.1093/bib/bbab134},
  pages     = {17},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Precision oncology is a rapidly evolving interdisciplinary medical specialty. Comprehensive cancer panels are becoming increasingly available at pathology departments worldwide, creating the urgent need for scalable cancer variant annotation and molecularly informed treatment recommendations. A wealth of mainly academia-driven knowledge bases calls for software tools supporting the multi-step diagnostic process. We derive a comprehensive list of knowledge bases relevant for variant interpretation by a review of existing literature followed by a survey among medical experts from university hospitals in Germany. In addition, we review cancer variant interpretation tools, which integrate multiple knowledge bases. We categorize the knowledge bases along the diagnostic process in precision oncology and analyze programmatic access options as well as the integration of knowledge bases into software tools. The most commonly used knowledge bases provide good programmatic access options and have been integrated into a range of software tools. For the wider set of knowledge bases, access options vary across different parts of the diagnostic process. Programmatic access is limited for information regarding clinical classifications of variants and for therapy recommendations. The main issue for databases used for biological classification of pathogenic variants and pathway context information is the lack of standardized interfaces. There is no single cancer variant interpretation tool that integrates all identified knowledge bases. Specialized tools are available and need to be further developed for different steps in the diagnostic process.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BorchertMockTomczaketal.2021,
  author    = {Borchert, Florian and Mock, Andreas and Tomczak, Aurelie and H{\"u}gel, Jonas and Alkarkoukly, Samer and Knurr, Alexander and Volckmar, Anna-Lena and Stenzinger, Albrecht and Schirmacher, Peter and Debus, J{\"u}rgen and J{\"a}ger, Dirk and Longerich, Thomas and Fr{\"o}hling, Stefan and Eils, Roland and Bougatf, Nina and Sax, Ulrich and Schapranow, Matthieu-Patrick},
  title     = {Correction to: Knowledge bases and software support for variant interpretation in precision oncology},
  series = {Briefings in bioinformatics},
  volume    = {22},
  journal   = {Briefings in bioinformatics},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {1467-5463},
  doi       = {10.1093/bib/bbab246},
  pages     = {1},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{BorckGohl2021,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Borck, Rainald and Gohl, Niklas},
  title     = {Gentrification and Affordable Housing Policies},
  series = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  journal   = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  number    = {39},
  issn      = {2628-653X},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-52930},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-529300},
  pages     = {51},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {We use a quantitative spatial equilibrium model to evaluate the distributional and welfare impacts of a recent temporary rent control policy in Berlin, Germany. We calibrate the model to key features of Berlin's housing market, in particular the recent gentrification of inner city locations. As expected, gentrification benefits rich homeowners, while poor renter households lose. Our counterfactual analysis mimicks the rent control policy. We find that this policy reduces welfare for rich and poor households and in fact, the percentage change in welfare is largest for the poorest households. We also study alternative affordable housing policies such as subsidies and re-zoning policies, which are better suited to address the adverse consequences of gentrification.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BordihnHolzer2021,
  author    = {Bordihn, Henning and Holzer, Markus},
  title     = {On the number of active states in finite automata},
  series = {Acta informatica},
  volume    = {58},
  journal   = {Acta informatica},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin ; Heidelberg [u.a.]},
  issn      = {0001-5903},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00236-021-00397-8},
  pages     = {301 -- 318},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {We introduce a new measure of descriptional complexity on finite automata, called the number of active states. Roughly speaking, the number of active states of an automaton A on input w counts the number of different states visited during the most economic computation of the automaton A for the word w. This concept generalizes to finite automata and regular languages in a straightforward way. We show that the number of active states of both finite automata and regular languages is computable, even with respect to nondeterministic finite automata. We further compare the number of active states to related measures for regular languages. In particular, we show incomparability to the radius of regular languages and that the difference between the number of active states and the total number of states needed in finite automata for a regular language can be of exponential order.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BordihnVaszil2021,
  author    = {Bordihn, Henning and Vaszil, Gy{\"o}rgy},
  title     = {Reversible parallel communicating finite automata systems},
  series = {Acta informatica},
  volume    = {58},
  journal   = {Acta informatica},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin ; Heidelberg ; New York, NY},
  issn      = {0001-5903},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00236-021-00396-9},
  pages     = {263 -- 279},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {We study the concept of reversibility in connection with parallel communicating systems of finite automata (PCFA in short). We define the notion of reversibility in the case of PCFA (also covering the non-deterministic case) and discuss the relationship of the reversibility of the systems and the reversibility of its components. We show that a system can be reversible with non-reversible components, and the other way around, the reversibility of the components does not necessarily imply the reversibility of the system as a whole. We also investigate the computational power of deterministic centralized reversible PCFA. We show that these very simple types of PCFA (returning or non-returning) can recognize regular languages which cannot be accepted by reversible (deterministic) finite automata, and that they can even accept languages that are not context-free. We also separate the deterministic and non-deterministic variants in the case of systems with non-returning communication. We show that there are languages accepted by non-deterministic centralized PCFA, which cannot be recognized by any deterministic variant of the same type.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Borghi2021,
  author    = {Borghi, Gian Luca},
  title     = {Evolution and diversity of photosynthetic metabolism in C3, C3-C4 intermediate and C4 plants},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-52220},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-522200},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {163},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {In C3 plants, CO2 diffuses into the leaf and is assimilated by the Calvin-Benson cycle in the mesophyll cells. It leaves Rubisco open to its side reaction with O2, resulting in a wasteful cycle known as photorespiration. A sharp fall in atmospheric CO2 levels about 30 million years ago have further increased the side reaction with O2. The pressure to reduce photorespiration led, in over 60 plant genera, to the evolution of a CO2-concentrating mechanism called C4 photosynthesis; in this mode, CO2 is initially incorporated into 4-carbon organic acids, which diffuse to the bundle sheath and are decarboxylated to provide CO2 to Rubisco. Some genera, like Flaveria, contain several species that represent different steps in this complex evolutionary process. However, the majority of terrestrial plant species did not evolve a CO2-concentrating mechanism and perform C3 photosynthesis. This thesis compares photosynthetic metabolism in several species with C3, C4 and intermediate modes of photosynthesis. Metabolite profiling and stable isotope labelling were performed to detect inter-specific differences changes in metabolite profile and, hence, how a pathway operates. The results obtained were subjected to integrative data analyses like hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis, and were deepened by correlation analyses to uncover specific metabolic features and reaction steps that were conserved or differed between species. The main findings are that Calvin-Benson cycle metabolite profiles differ between C3 and C4 species and between different C3 species, including a very different response to rising irradiance in Arabidopsis and rice. These findings confirm Calvin-Benson cycle operation diverged between C3 and C4 species and, most unexpectedly, even between different C3 species. Moreover, primary metabolic profiles supported the current C4 evolutionary model in the genus Flaveria and also provided new insights and opened up new questions. Metabolite profiles also point toward a progressive adjustment of the Calvin-Benson cycle during the evolution of C4 photosynthesis. Overall, this thesis point out the importance of a metabolite-centric approach to uncover underlying differences in species apparently sharing the same photosynthetic routes and as a valid method to investigate evolutionary transition between C3 and C4 photosynthesis.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Born2021,
  author    = {Born, Artur},
  title     = {Electronic structure, quasi-particle interaction and relaxation in 3d-elements from X-ray spectroscopy},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Born2021,
  author    = {Born, Artur},
  title     = {Electronic structure, quasi-particle interaction and relaxation in 3d-elements from X-ray spectroscopy},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {123},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Any physical system can be described on the level of interacting particles, thus it is of fundamental importance to improve the scientific understanding of interacting many-body systems. This thesis experimentally addresses specific quasi-particle interactions, namely interactions be- tween electrons and between electrons and phonons. It describes the consequential effects of those processes on the electronic structure and the core-hole relaxation pathways in 3d metals. Despite the great amount of experimental and theoretical studies of these interactions and their impact on the behavior of solid-state matter, there are still open questions concerning the cor- responding physical, chemical and mechanical properties of solid-state matter. Especially, the study of 3d metals and their compounds is a great experimental challenge, since those exhibit a variety of spectral features originating from many-body effects such as multiplet splitting, shake up/off satellites, vibrationally excited states or more complex effects like superconductivity and ultrafast demagnetization. In X-ray spectroscopy, these effects often produce overlapping fea- tures, complicating the analysis and limiting the understanding. In this thesis, to overcome the limitations set by conventional X-ray spectroscopy, two different experimental approaches were successfully refined, namely Auger electron photoelectron coincidence spectroscopy (APECS) and temperature-dependent X-ray emission spectroscopy (tXES), which enabled the separation of different core-hole relaxation pathways and the isolation of the impact of specific many-body interactions in the experimental spectra. APECS was utilized at the new Coincidence electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (Co- ESCA) station at BESSY II to study the core-hole decay and electron-correlation effects in single- crystal Ni, Cu and Co. The observation of photoelectrons in coincidence with Auger electrons allows for the separation of the initial and final state effects in the Auger electron spectra. The results show that a Cu LV V Auger spectrum can be represented by broadened atomic multiplets confirming the localized nature of the intermediate core-hole states. In contrast, the Co LV V Auger spectrum is band-like and can be represented by the self-convolution of the valence band. Ni behaves mixed, localized and itinerant. Thus, the Ni Auger spectrum can only be represented by a mixture of atomic multiplet peaks and the self-convoluted valence band. In the case of Ni, the LV V Auger electrons in coincidence with the 6 eV satellite photoelectrons were also stud- ied. Utilizing the core-hole clock method, the lifetime of the localized double-hole intermediate 2 p53d9 states of 1.8 fs could be determined. However, a fraction of these states delocalizes before the Auger decay contributing to the main peak. A similar delocalization was observed for the double-hole states produced by the L2L3M4,5 Coster-Kronig process. Additionally, the influence of surface oxidation on the Ni(111) 3p levels was studied with APECS. The Ni 3p PES spectrum is broad and featureless, due to overlapping many-body effects and gives little chance for exact analysis using conventional photoelectron spectroscopy. Utilizing APECS or precisely the final state selectivity of the method, the spectral width of the 3p levels could be narrowed and their positions and the spin-orbit splitting were determined. Moreover, due to the surface sensitivity of the method, the chemically shifted 3p photoelectron peaks originating from the oxidized surface and the bulk Ni were disentangled. For the study of the atomic electron-phonon spin-flip scattering in 3d metals as a spin-relaxation channel, the tXES method at the SolidFlexRIXS station was developed. The atomic spin-flip scat- tering was studied in single-crystal Ni, Cu, Co and in FeNi alloys, which show considerable dif- ferences in their behavior. The scattering rate in Ni increases with temperature, whereas the rate in Cu and Co remains constant within the measured temperature range up to 1000 K. In FeNi alloys, our results reveal that the spin-flip scattering is restricted by sublattice exchange energies J. The electron-phonon scattering driven spin-flips only appear in the case where the thermal energy ex- ceeds the exchange energy kT > J. This thresholding is an important microscopic process for the description of the sublattice dynamics in alloys, but as shown also relevant for elemental magnetic systems. Overall, the results strongly indicate that the spin-flip probability is correlated with the exchange energy, which might become an important parameter in the ultrafast demagnetization debate. Taken together, the applied experimental approaches allowed to study complex many-body effects in 3d metals. The results show that utilizing APECS enabled the distinction and clear assignment of otherwise overlapping features in AES or PES spectra of Ni, Cu, Co and NiO. This is of fundamental importance for the basic understanding of photoionization and core-hole decay processes but also for the chemical analysis in applied science. The measurement of the atomic electron-phonon spin-flip scattering rate utilizing tXES shows that the electron-phonon spin-flip scattering is a relevant atomic process for the macroscopic demagnetization process. Additionally, a temperature-dependent thresholding mechanism was discovered, which introduces an important dynamic factor into the electron-phonon spin-flip model.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BornDeckerHaverkampetal.2021,
  author    = {Born, Artur and Decker, Regis and Haverkamp, Robert and Ruotsalainen, Kari and Bauer, Karl and Pietzsch, Annette and F{\"o}hlisch, Alexander and B{\"u}chner, Robby},
  title     = {Thresholding of the Elliott-Yafet spin-flip scattering in multi-sublattice magnets by the respective exchange energies},
  series = {Scientific reports},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {Scientific reports},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Springer Nature},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {2045-2322},
  doi       = {10.1038/s41598-021-81177-9},
  pages     = {7},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {How different microscopic mechanisms of ultrafast spin dynamics coexist and interplay is not only relevant for the development of spintronics but also for the thorough description of physical systems out-of-equilibrium. In pure crystalline ferromagnets, one of the main microscopic mechanism of spin relaxation is the electron-phonon (el-ph) driven spin-flip, or Elliott-Yafet, scattering. Unexpectedly, recent experiments with ferro- and ferrimagnetic alloys have shown different dynamics for the different sublattices. These distinct sublattice dynamics are contradictory to the Elliott-Yafet scenario. In order to rationalize this discrepancy, it has been proposed that the intra- and intersublattice exchange interaction energies must be considered in the microscopic demagnetization mechanism, too. Here, using a temperature-dependent x-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) method, we address experimentally the element specific el-ph angular momentum transfer rates, responsible for the spin-flips in the respective (sub)lattices of Fe20Ni80, Fe50Ni50 and pure nickel single crystals. We establish how the deduced rate evolution with the temperature is linked to the exchange coupling constants reported for different alloy stoichiometries and how sublattice exchange energies threshold the related el-ph spin-flip channels. Thus, these results evidence that the Elliott-Yafet spin-flip scattering, thresholded by sublattice exchange energies, is the relevant microscopic process to describe sublattice dynamics in alloys and elemental magnetic systems.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{BornhorstAbdelilahSeyfried2021,
  author    = {Bornhorst, Dorothee and Abdelilah-Seyfried, Salim},
  title     = {Strong as a Hippo's Heart: Biomechanical Hippo Signaling During Zebrafish Cardiac Development},
  series = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  journal   = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {1866-8372},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-54873},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-548731},
  pages     = {1 -- 10},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The heart is comprised of multiple tissues that contribute to its physiological functions. During development, the growth of myocardium and endocardium is coupled and morphogenetic processes within these separate tissue layers are integrated. Here, we discuss the roles of mechanosensitive Hippo signaling in growth and morphogenesis of the zebrafish heart. Hippo signaling is involved in defining numbers of cardiac progenitor cells derived from the secondary heart field, in restricting the growth of the epicardium, and in guiding trabeculation and outflow tract formation. Recent work also shows that myocardial chamber dimensions serve as a blueprint for Hippo signaling-dependent growth of the endocardium. Evidently, Hippo pathway components act at the crossroads of various signaling pathways involved in embryonic zebrafish heart development. Elucidating how biomechanical Hippo signaling guides heart morphogenesis has direct implications for our understanding of cardiac physiology and pathophysiology.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BornhorstAbdelilahSeyfried2021,
  author    = {Bornhorst, Dorothee and Abdelilah-Seyfried, Salim},
  title     = {Strong as a Hippo's Heart: Biomechanical Hippo Signaling During Zebrafish Cardiac Development},
  series = {Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology},
  publisher = {Frontiers Media},
  address   = {Lausanne, Schweiz},
  issn      = {2296-634X},
  doi       = {10.3389/fcell.2021.731101},
  pages     = {1 -- 10},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The heart is comprised of multiple tissues that contribute to its physiological functions. During development, the growth of myocardium and endocardium is coupled and morphogenetic processes within these separate tissue layers are integrated. Here, we discuss the roles of mechanosensitive Hippo signaling in growth and morphogenesis of the zebrafish heart. Hippo signaling is involved in defining numbers of cardiac progenitor cells derived from the secondary heart field, in restricting the growth of the epicardium, and in guiding trabeculation and outflow tract formation. Recent work also shows that myocardial chamber dimensions serve as a blueprint for Hippo signaling-dependent growth of the endocardium. Evidently, Hippo pathway components act at the crossroads of various signaling pathways involved in embryonic zebrafish heart development. Elucidating how biomechanical Hippo signaling guides heart morphogenesis has direct implications for our understanding of cardiac physiology and pathophysiology.},
  language  = {en}
}