@article{RailaForterreSchweigert2005,
  author    = {Raila, Jens and Forterre, Simone and Schweigert, Florian J.},
  title     = {Markerproteine im Harn von Hunden},
  isbn      = {3-8304-1051-4},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{GarciaWagnerHothornetal.2005,
  author    = {Garcia, Ada and Wagner, Karen and Hothorn, T. and Koebnick, Corinna and Zunft, Hans-Joachim Franz and Trippo, Ulrike},
  title     = {Improved prediction of body fat by measuring skinfold thickness, circumferences, and bone breadths},
  issn      = {1071-7323},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {Objective: To develop improved predictive regression equations for body fat content derived from common anthropometric measurements. Research Methods and Procedures: 117 healthy German subjects, 46 men and 71 women, 26 to 67 years of age, from two different studies were assigned to a validation and a cross-validation group. Common anthropornetric measurements and body composition by DXA were obtained. Equations using anthropometric measurements predicting body fat mass (BFM) with DXA as a reference method were developed using regression models. Results: The final best predictive sex-specific equations combining skinfold thicknesses (SF), circumferences, and bone breadth measurements were as follows: BFMNew (kg) for men = -40.750 + {(0.397 x waist circumference) + [6.568 x (log triceps SF + log subscapular SF + log abdominal SF)]} and BFMNew (kg) for women = -75.231 + {(0.512 x hip circumference) + [8.889 x (log chin SF + log triceps SF + log subscapular SF)] + (1.905 x knee breadth)}. The estimates of BFM from both validation and cross-validation had an excellent correlation, showed excellent correspondence to the DXA estimates, and showed a negligible tendency to underestimate percent body fat in subjects with higher BFM compared with equations using a two-compartment (Durnin and Womersley) or a four-compartment (Peterson) model as the reference method. Discussion: Combining skinfold thicknesses with circumference and/or bone breadth measures provide a more precise prediction of percent body fat in comparison with established SF equations. Our equations are recommended for use in clinical or epidemiological settings in populations with similar ethnic background},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BanningDeubelKluthetal.2005,
  author    = {Banning, Anja and Deubel, S. and Kluth, Dirk and Zhou, Z. W. and Brigelius-Floh{\´e}, Regina},
  title     = {The GI-GPx gene is a target for Nrf2},
  issn      = {0270-7306},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {The gastrointestinal glutathione peroxidase (GI-GPx, GPx2) is a selenoprotein that was suggested to act as barrier against hydroperoxide absorption but has also been implicated in the control of inflammation and malignant growth. In CaCo-2 cells, GI-GPx was induced by t-butyl hydroquinone (tBHQ) and sulforaphane (SFN), i.e., "antioxidants" known to activate the "antioxidant response element" (ARE) via electrophilic thiol modification of Keap1 in the Nrf2/ Keap1 system. The functional significance of a putative ARE in the GI-GPx promoter was validated by transcriptional activation of reporter gene constructs upon exposure to electrophiles (tBHQ, SFN, and curcumin) or overexpression of Nrf2 and by reversal of these effects by mutation of the ARE in the promoter and by overexpressed Keap1. Binding of Nrf2 to the ARE sequence in authentic gpx2 was corroborated by chromatin immunoprecipitation. Thus, the presumed natural antioxidants sulforaphane and curcumin may exert their anti-inflammatory and anticarcinogenic effects not only by induction of phase 2 enzymes but also by the up-regulation of the selenoprotein GI-GPx},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchweigertSehouli2005,
  author    = {Schweigert, Florian J. and Sehouli, Jalid},
  title     = {Transthyretin, a biomarker for nutritional status and ovarian cancer},
  issn      = {0008-5472},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KoebnickWagnerThieleckeetal.2005,
  author    = {Koebnick, Corinna and Wagner, K. and Thielecke, F. and Dieter, G. and Hohne, A. and Franke, A. and Garcia, Ada and Meyer, H. and Hoffmann, I. and Leitzmann, P. and Trippo, U. and Zunft, Hans-Joachim Franz},
  title     = {An easy-to-use semiquantitative food record validated for energy intake by using doubly labelled water technique},
  issn      = {0954-3007},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {Background: Estimating dietary intake is important for both epidemiological and clinical studies, but often lacks accuracy. Objective: To investigate the accuracy and validity of energy intake estimated by an easy-to-use semiquantitative food record (EISQFR) compared to total energy expenditure ( TEE) estimated by doubly labelled water technique (EEDLW). Design: TEE was measured in 29 nonobese subjects using the doubly labelled water method over a period of 14 days. Within this period, subjects reported their food consumption by a newly developed semiquantitative food record for 4 consecutive days. Energy intake was calculated using the German Food Code and Nutrition Data Base BLS II.3. Results: A good correlation was observed between EISQFR and EEDLW (r = 0.685, P<0.001). The mean difference between EISQFR and EEDLW was - 1.7 +/- 2.6 MJ/ day ( - 14 +/- 21\%, P = 0.002). An underestimation of EISQFR <10\% was observed in nine subjects (31\%), of 10 - 20\% in six subjects (21\%), and of >20\% in nine subjects (31\%). In five subjects (17\%), an overestimation of EISQFR was observed. Conclusions: The easy-to-use semiquantitative food record provided good estimates of EI in free-living and nonobese adults without prior detailed verbal instructions. The presented food record has limitations regarding accuracy at the individual level},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KoebnickWagnerThieleckeetal.2005,
  author    = {Koebnick, Corinna and Wagner, K. and Thielecke, F. and Moeseneder, Jutta and Hoehne, A. and Franke, A. and Meyer, H. and Garcia, Ada and Trippo, U. and Zunft, Hans-Joachim Franz},
  title     = {Validation of a simplified physical activity record by doubly labeled water technique},
  issn      = {0307-0565},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {INTRODUCTION: For obtaining reliable information about physical activity in epidemiological studies, validated and easy-to-use instruments are required. Therefore, a new simplified physical activity record based on 15-min recording intervals was developed and validated. SUBJECTS: Nonobese volunteers (n = 31). MEASUREMENTS: Physical activity was recorded over a 7-day period without detailed instructions. Energy expenditure was calculated (EEsPAR) and compared to energy expenditure measured by doubly labelled water technique (EEDLW). RESULTS: A good agreement between EEsPAR (12.1 +/ 3.0) and EEDLW (11.7 +/- 3.3) with a mean difference of 0.33 +/- 1.55 MJ (r = 0.880, P < 0.001) was observed. The absolute difference between EEsPAR and EEDLW was <10\% in 65\% of the subjects. The difference between EEsPAR and EEDLW was independent of gender, age, body weight, and body mass index. A weak positive association between the difference and total body fat was observed (r = 0.618, P < 0.001), suggesting a slight tendency to overestimate EEsPAR with increasing total body fat. CONCLUSION: The new simplified physical activity protocol needs no detailed instructions, provides valid estimates of physical activity in nonobese free-living adults and can be used in epidemiological studies to assess total daily energy expenditure and physical activity level},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoieMorgensternGruenwaldetal.2005,
  author    = {Hoie, Lars H. and Morgenstern, E. C. A. and Gr{\"u}nwald, J{\"o}rg and Graubaum, Hans-Joachim and Busch, R. and Luder, W. and Zunft, Hans-Joachim Franz},
  title     = {A double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial compares the cholesterollowering effects of two different soy protein preparations in hypercholesterolemic subjects},
  issn      = {1436-6207},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {Background Soy protein is effective in lowering plasma cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations. It has not been conclusively answered, whether and to what extent other soy constituents may also contribute to this effect. Objective To investigate the change in blood lipid levels after application of two soy-based supplements containing soy protein either without (SuproSoy(R)) or with (Abacor(R)) soy fiber and phospholipids in a randomized placebo-controlled triple-armed study. Methods 121 hypercholesterolemic adults ( 66 females, 55 males) were recruited and randomly assigned to one of three treatments. Over 8 weeks they received daily either 25 g soy protein ( as a component of the supplements Abacor(R) or SuproSoy(R)) or 25 g milk protein ( as a component of placebo). Serum lipids were measured at baseline and after 4, 6 and 8 weeks. Results After 8 weeks of supplementation total cholesterol levels were reduced by 8.0 +/- 9.6\% (Abacor(R)) and 3.4 +/- 8.3\% (SuproSoy(R)); LDL cholesterol levels by 9.7 +/- 11.7\% ( Abacor(R)) and 5.4 +/- 11.6\% ( SuproSoy(R)); and Apolipoprotein B levels by 6.9 +/- 14.6\% (Abacor(R)) and 4.0 +/- 12.4 \% (SuproSoy(R)). Serum levels of HDL cholesterol and triglycerides remained unchanged. Conclusions A preparation combining isolated soy protein with soy fibers and phospholipids showed twice the lipid-lowering effect of a preparation containing isolated soy protein alone. Therefore, such soy-based supplements can be useful in reducing the cardiovascular risk},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{JurrmannBrigeliusFloheBoel2005,
  author    = {Jurrmann, Nadine and Brigelius-Floh{\´e}, Regina and B{\"o}l, Gaby Fleur},
  title     = {Curcumin blocks interleukin-1 (IL-1) signaling by inhibiting the recruitment of the IL-1 receptor-associated kinase IRAK in murine thymoma EL-4 cells},
  issn      = {0022-3166},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {Curcumin is a dietary compound with diverse anti-inflammatory and anticarcinogenic effects in several experimental models. A mechanism by which curcumin exerts these actions might be the direct modification of protein thiols, thereby altering the activity of the affected proteins. An early event in inflammatory signaling cascades is the recruitment of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor-associated kinase (IRAK) to the IL-1 receptor (IL-1 RI) upon stimulation with IL-1. IRAK recruitment was shown recently to be inhibited by agents that modify thiols of IRAK. We asked, therefore, whether IRAK is also a target for curcumin. Curcumin indeed blocked IRAK thiols in a murine T-cell line stably overexpressing IRAK (EL-4(IRAK)), which resulted in the inhibition of IRAK recruitment to the IL-1RI and phosphorylation of IRAK and IL-1RI-associated proteins. Inhibitory effects were not reversible by thiol-reducing agents. Thus, modification by curcumin did not occur by oxidation but rather by alkylation, as is typical for electrophilic compounds reacting as Michael addition acceptors. The block in one of the earliest events in the IL-1 signaling cascade can explain the often observed inhibition of IL-1-mediated signaling steps by curcumin further downstream. Hence, thiol modification might be a crucial step in the anti-inflammatory functions of curcumin},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KotzGunterWonneberger2005,
  author    = {Kotz, S. A. and Gunter, T. C. and Wonneberger, S.},
  title     = {The basal ganglia are receptive to rhythmic compensation during auditory syntactic processing : ERP patient data},
  issn      = {0093-934X},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchweigertRaila2005,
  author    = {Schweigert, Florian J. and Raila, Jens},
  title     = {Inadequate attempts to measure the microheterogeneity of transthyretin by low-resolution mass spectrometry : Response},
  issn      = {0009-9147},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HammesAndreassenSpoelgenetal.2005,
  author    = {Hammes, Annette and Andreassen, Thomas K. and Spoelgen, Robert and Raila, Jens and Hubner, Norbert and Schulz, Herbert and Metzger, Jochen and Schweigert, Florian J. and Luppa, Peter B. and Nykjaer, Andreas and Willnow, Thomas E.},
  title     = {Role of endocytosis in cellular uptake of sex steroids},
  issn      = {0092-8674},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {Androgens and estrogens are transported bound to the sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG). SHBG is believed to keep sex steroids inactive and to control the amount of free hormones that enter cells by passive diffusion. Contrary to the free hormone hypothesis, we demonstrate that megalin, an endocytic receptor in reproductive tissues, acts as a pathway for cellular uptake of biologically active androgens and estrogens bound to SHBG. In line with this function, lack of receptor expression in megalin knockout mice results in impaired descent of the testes into the scrotum in males and blockade of vagina opening in females. Both processes are critically dependent on sex-steroid signaling, and similar defects are seen in animals treated with androgen- or estrogen-receptor antagonists. Thus, our findings uncover the existence of endocytic pathways for protein bound androgens and estrogens and their crucial role in development of the reproductive organs},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SinghSinghDanietal.2005,
  author    = {Singh, Jasbir and Singh, S. and Dani, H. M. and Sharma, Reeta and Steinberg, Pablo},
  title     = {Interactions of aflatoxin B-1 with SRP components can disrupt protein targeting},
  issn      = {0263-6484},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {Spectrofluorimetric studies have revealed that aflatoxin B-1 (AFB(1)) interacts with signal recognition particle (SRP), which acts as an escort for polyribosomes with signal peptides to be transported and bound to the cytoplasmic face of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). We further report that the binding of AFB(1) to SRP is selective as it only binds to two (SRP9 and 14) out of its three constituent polypeptides studied. Binding of AFB(1) to proteins is known to alter their conformations. Interactions of AFB(1) with SRP polypeptides may generate structural and functional alterations in this particle and hinder secretory protein synthesis. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RohnRawelRoberetal.2005,
  author    = {Rohn, Sascha and Rawel, Harshadrai Manilal and Rober, M. and Kroll, J{\"u}rgen},
  title     = {Reactions with phenolic substances can induce changes in some physico-chemical properties and activities of bromelain - the consequences for supplementary food products},
  issn      = {0950-5423},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {Bromelain was allowed to react with phenolic compounds. The activity and selected physico-chemical properties of the resulting derivatives were characterized. In vitro experiments showed that the proteolytic activity of bromelain was inhibited. Bromelain also serves as a food protein, because food stuffs based on pineapple contain relatively high concentrations of bromelain. In vitro digestion of bromelain derivatives with the main proteolytic enzymes of the gastrointestinal tract was also adversely affected. A covalent attachment of the phenolic compounds was identified at the tryptophan, free amino (lysines and N-terminal) and thiol groups of bromelain. A decrease in solubility of the derivatives was observed. The isoelectric point was shifted to lower pH values and high molecular weight fractions were identified. All effects observed depended on the reactivity of the phenolic substances. Two supplementary food products containing both bromelain and quercetin were also tested in terms of their proteolytic activity and digestibility},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RueferGerhauserFranketal.2005,
  author    = {Ruefer, Corinna E. and Gerhauser, C. and Frank, N. and Becker, Hans and Kulling, Sabine E.},
  title     = {In vitro phase II metabolism of xanthohumol by human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases and sulfotransferases},
  issn      = {1613-4125},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {Xanthohumol (XN) is the principal prenylated flavonoid of the hop plant and has recently gained considerable interest due to its potential cancer-chemopreventive effects. However, the metabolism of XN has not yet been investigated in detail. Therefore, we studied the in vitro phase 11 metabolism of XN using nine human recombinant UDP- glucuronosyltransferases (UGT) and five sulfotransferases (SULT). The identification of the metabolites formed was elucidated using HPLC with diode array detection as well as HPLC/API-ES MS. XN was efficiently glucuronidated by UGT 1A8, 1A9, and 1A10; further important UGTs were UGT 1A1, 1A7, and 2B7. With respect to the sulfation reaction, SULT 1A1*2, 1A2, and 1E1 were the most active SULT forms. UGT 1A3, 1A4, and 1A6 as well as SULT 1A3 and 2A1 were of minor importance for the conjugation of XN. Three mono-glucuronides as well as three mono-sulfates were identified. Considering the tissue distribution of the tested UGT and SULT enzyme forms, these findings suggest a prominent role for the glucuronidation and sulfation of XN in the liver as well as in the gastrointestinal tract},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RawelRohnKroll2005,
  author    = {Rawel, Harshadrai Manilal and Rohn, Sascha and Kroll, J{\"u}rgen},
  title     = {Characterisation of 11S protein fractions and phenolic compounds from green coffee beans under special consideration of their interactions - A review},
  issn      = {0012-0413},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {The intention of this study was to increase the knowledge on the composition and structure of coffee bean proteins and the changes induced in them especially with regard to their interactions with the phenolic compounds also present. For this purpose green coffee beans were extracted by means of standard methanol extraction to quantify the chlorogenic acid content. Different solubilisation buffers were applied to extract the protein fractions with or without prior fat removal. The protein samples thus obtained were analysed by different methods (RP-HPLC, SDS-PAGE and SELDI-TOF- MS). Preliminary model studies were performed to characterize the interactions between the isolated green coffee protein fractions and chlorogenic acid (the major phenolic compound in coffee beans) with the intention of fulfilling the ultimate goal of characterizing such reactions in roasted coffee. The results show that the content of chlorogenic bound covalently to the protein increases. A reaction with the nucleophilic protein side chains (tryptophan, cystein and lysine) was recorded. Cross-inked protein polymers were also detected, whereby the a-chain was found to be more reactive. These reactions effect the solubility of the coffee bean proteins, the latter in turn becoming more acidic in nature. The secondary structure was affected only slightly as determined by circular dichroism. The in-vitro tryptic digestibility was also influenced, where again the cc-chain seems to be more susceptible. The observed polymerisation due to derivatisation by chorogenic acid declines the digestion. Similar digestion behaviour was also observed during tryptic hydrolysis of roasted coffee compared to that of green coffee, roasting allowing more stronger denaturation caused by the accompanying Maillard reaction. The derivatised green coffee bean proteins were found to have moderate antioxidative capacity},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SiciliaBubRechkemmeretal.2005,
  author    = {Sicilia, T. and Bub, Achim and Rechkemmer, G. and Kraemer, K. and Hoppe, P. P. and Kulling, Sabine E.},
  title     = {Novel lycopene metabolites are detectable in plasma of preruminant calves after lycopene supplementation},
  issn      = {0022-3166},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {Appropriate animal models such as preruminant calves are necessary to study the complex physiological functions of carotenoids and to relate them to possible health effects in humans. In this study, the bioavailability and metabolism of lycopene from 2 dietary supplements were compared. LycoVit (R) containing synthetic lycopene and Lyc-O- Mato (R) containing natural tomato oleoresin were administered to 2 groups of preruminant calves (each n = 8) for 14 d in daily doses of 15 mg of lycopene. Plasma was analyzed for carotenoids before the intervention period, directly after, and each day for 5 d after the end of the intervention. All-trans and 5-cis lycopene, and 3 lycopene metabolites not previously found in calf plasma were detected. These metabolites contributed 52\% of the total lycopene content measured at the end of the intervention period. Based on spectroscopic data, they might be hydrogenation products, which are formed from all-trans and/or 5-cis lycopene. In the LycoVit group, total lycopene concentrations were similar to 300\% higher (286 +/- 89 nmol/L) than in the Lyc-O-Mato group (72 33 nmol/L) (P < 0.001). This indicates that, unlike in humans, lycopene from LycoVit and Lyc-O-Mato does not have equal bioavailabilities in preruminant calves. Therefore, the preruminant calf may not be a suitable animal model with which to study the biological and physiological effects of lycopene},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RailaWillnowSchweigert2005,
  author    = {Raila, Jens and Willnow, T. E. and Schweigert, Florian J.},
  title     = {Megalin-mediated reuptake of retinol in the kidneys of mice is essential for vitamin A homeostasis},
  issn      = {0022-3166},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {The reuptake of retinol (ROH) and retinol-binding protein (RBP) in the kidneys is mediated by the endocytic receptor megalin, suggesting an important role for this receptor in vitamin A (VA) metabolism. We examined the extent to which megalin deficiency may affect urinary ROH excretion, levels of ROH and RBP in plasma, as well as storage of VA in liver and kidney. For this purpose, mice with a kidney-specific megalin gene defect (megalin(lox/lox):; apoE(Cre)) and control mice (megalin(lox/lox)) were fed either a basal diet containing 4500 retinol equivalents (RE)/kg diet or a diet without VA during experimental periods of 42 and 84 d. Urinary ROH excretion was observed only in megalin(lox/lox); apoE(Cre) mice (P < 0.0001, 2-way ANOVA) and not in the controls. Plasma ROH and RBP differed only by diet (P < 0.05), but not genotype (P = 0.615). A major effect of megalin deficiency, however, was evident in retinyl ester levels in the liver (P < 0.05), which were similar to 37\% lower than those in megalin(lox/lox) controls (P < 0.05, Student's t test) during the 84-d period of dietary VA deprivation. Kidney levels of VA were not affected by the receptor gene defect. The findings demonstrate that urinary ROH excretion caused by megalin deficiency requires accelerated mobilization of hepatic VA stores to maintain normal plasma ROH levels, which suggests that megalin plays an essential role in systemic VA homeostasis},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RawelMeidtnerKroll2005,
  author    = {Rawel, Harshadrai Manilal and Meidtner, Karina and Kroll, J{\"u}rgen},
  title     = {Binding of selected phenolic compounds to proteins},
  issn      = {0021-8561},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {In the context of this study, the noncovalent binding of selected phenolic compounds (chlorogenic, ferulic, and gallic acids, quercetin, rutin, and isocluercetin) to different proteins (human serum albumin, bovine serum albumin, soy glycinin, and lysozyme) was studied with direct (Hummel- Dreyer/size exclusion chromatography) and/or indirect methods (fluorescence absorbance properties of the binding components). In the latter case, the measurement of the phenol binding was achieved by exploiting the intrinsic fluorescence emission properties of cluercetin as a probe. From the data obtained, the binding constants and the number of binding sites were calculated. The binding parameters were influenced by different factors, where, e.g., increasing temperature and ionic strength as well as decreasing pH cause a diminished binding. The structures of the proteins as determined by circular dichroism indicate changes in the tertiary structure with the secondary structure remaining intact},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RailaForterreSchweigert2005,
  author    = {Raila, Jens and Forterre, Simone and Schweigert, Florian J.},
  title     = {Physiologische und pathophysiologische Grundlagen der Proteinurie : eine {\"U}bersicht},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{RawelRohnKrolletal.2005,
  author    = {Rawel, Harshadrai Manilal and Rohn, Sascha and Kroll, J{\"u}rgen and Schweigert, Florian J.},
  title     = {Surface enhanced laser desorptions ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry analysis in complex food and biological systems},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GarciaRuhlSchweigert2005,
  author    = {Garcia, Ada and Ruhl, R. and Schweigert, Florian J.},
  title     = {Retinoid concentrations in the mouse during postnatal development and after maternal vitamin a supplementation},
  issn      = {0250-6807},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {Background: Vitamin A (VA) and its derivates (retinoids) are important nutritional substances, which mediate their biological activity mainly via nuclear retinoid receptors. Maternal VA intake during lactation influences the VA content in milk and the VA status of the progeny. We investigated the effects of maternal supplementation during lactation and direct supplementation to the pups after weaning on the retinoid concentration in serum and liver of neonatal mice using high doses of VA. Methods: Dams were fed a basal (4,500 retinol equivalents/ kg diet) or a VA- supplemented (324,000 retinol equivalents/ kg diet) diet during lactation. Pups kept receiving the same diet after weaning. Serum and liver samples of the pups were collected during lactation at days 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 and post-weaning at days 21 and 65 after birth. Samples were analysed for retinoids by high-performance liquid chromatography. Results: Maternal VA supplementation resulted in significantly higher concentrations of retinol, retinyl palmitate and retinyl stearate in serum of mice neonates at days 5, 7, 14, 21 and 65 after birth in comparison to the basal diet, whereas significantly higher concentrations were observed in liver at days 5, 14, 21 and 65 after birth. At day 7 after birth, a decrease in the liver retinoid concentrations occurred in the VA-supplemented diet. Conclusion: Our results show for the first time that supplementation with high doses of VA during the lactation period in mice can affect serum retinol concentrations in the neonates and report that day 7 after birth is a critical time in the tissue distribution of retinoids during postnatal development. Copyright (C) 2005 S. Karger AG, Basel},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GerickeRailaSehoulietal.2005,
  author    = {Gericke, Beate and Raila, Jens and Sehouli, Jalid and Haebel, Sophie and Konsgen, D. and Mustea, A. and Schweigert, Florian J.},
  title     = {Microheterogeneity of transthyretin in serum and ascitic fluid of ovarian cancer patients},
  issn      = {1471-2407},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {Background: Transthyretin (TTR), a traditional biomarker for nutritional and inflammatory status exists in different molecular variants of yet unknown importance. A truncated form of TTR has recently been described to be part of a set of biomarkers for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer. The main aim of the study was therefore to characterize differences in microheterogeneity between ascitic fluid and plasma of women affected with ovarian cancer and to evaluate the tumor site as the possible source of TTR. Methods: Subjects were 48 women with primary invasive epithelial ovarian cancer or recurrent ovarian carcinoma. The control group consisted of 20 postmenopausal women. TTR and retinol-binding protein (RBP) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay ( ELISA) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels by a high- sensitivity latex particle turbidimetric assay. The molecular heterogeneity of TTR was analysed using immunoprecipitation and matrix-associated laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Presence of TTR in tumor tissue was determined with indirect peroxidase immunostaining. Results: TTR and RBP (mu g/ml) levels in serum were 148.5 +/- 96.7 and 22.5 +/- 14.8 in affected women compared to 363.3 +/- 105.5 and 55.8 +/- 9.3 in healthy postmenopausal women ( p < 0.01). In ascitic fluid, levels were 1.02 +/- 0.24 and 4.63 +/- 1.57 mu g/ml, respectively. The mean levels of TTR and RBP in serum showed a tendency to decrease with the severity of the disease and were lower in affected women whose CRP levels were > 40 mg/ml ( p = 0.08 for TTR; p < 0.05 for RBP). No differences in TTR microheterogeneity were observed between TTR isolated from serum of affected and healthy women or from ascitic fluid. TTR occurred rather consistently in four variants. Mass signals were at 13758 +/- 7, 13876 +/- 13 ( greatest intensity), 13924 +/- 21 and 14062 +/- 24 Da, representing native, S-cysteinylated, S-cysteinglycinylated and glutathionylated TTR, respectively. Serum of healthy and affected women as well as ascitic fluid contained the truncated fragment of TTR ( 12828 +/- 11 Da). No immunoreactive TTR was observed in the tumor sites. Conclusion: The severity of the cancer associated catabolism as well as the inflammation status affect serum TTR and RBP levels. Neither TTR nor its truncated form originates from tumor tissue and its occurrence in ascites may well reflect the filtration from blood into ascitic fluid},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GiebingToelleJuergensenetal.2005,
  author    = {Giebing, G{\"u}nter and T{\"o}lle, Markus and J{\"u}rgensen, Jana and Eichhorst, Jenny and Furkert, Jens and Beyermann, Michael and Neusch{\"a}fer-Rube, Frank and Rosenthal, Walter and Zidek, Walter and van der Giet, Markus and Oksche, Alexander},
  title     = {Arrestin-independent internalization and recycling of the urotensin receptor contribute to long-lasting urotensin II - Mediated vasoconstriction},
  issn      = {0009-7330},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {Urotensin II (UII), which acts on the G protein-coupled urotensin ( UT) receptor, elicits long-lasting vasoconstriction. The role of UT receptor internalization and intracellular trafficking in vasoconstriction has yet not been analyzed. Therefore, UII-mediated contractile responses of aortic ring preparations in wire myography and rat UT (rUT) receptor internalization and intracellular trafficking in binding and imaging analyses were compared. UII elicited a concentration-dependent vasoconstriction of rat aorta (-log EC50, mol/L:9.0 +/- 0.1). A second application of UII after 30 minutes elicited a reduced contraction (36 +/- 4\% of the initial response), but when applied after 60 minutes elicited a full contraction. In internalization experiments with radioactive labeled VII (I-125-UII), approximate to 70\% of rUT receptors expressed on the cell surface of human embryonic kidney 293 cells were sequestered within 30 minutes (half life [t(h)]: 5.6 +/- 0.2 minutes), but recycled quantitatively within 60 minutes (t(h) 31.9 +/- 2.6 minutes). UII- bound rUT receptors were sorted to early and recycling endosomes, as evidenced by colocalization of rUT receptors with the early endosomal antigen and the transferrin receptor. Real-time imaging with a newly developed fluorescent UII (Cy3- UII) revealed that rUT receptors recruited arrestin3 green fluorescent protein to the plasma membrane. Arrestin3 was not required for the endocytosis of the rUT receptor, however, as internalization of Cy3-UII was not altered in mouse embryonic fibroblasts lacking endogenous arrestin2/arrestin3 expression. The data demonstrate that the rUT receptor internalizes arrestin independently and recycles quantitatively. The continuous externalization of rUT receptors provides the basis for repetitive and lasting UII-mediated vasoconstriction},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GiengRailaRosales2005,
  author    = {Gieng, S. H. and Raila, Jens and Rosales, F. J.},
  title     = {Accumulation of retinol in the liver after prolonged hyporetinolemia in the vitamin A-sufficient rat},
  issn      = {0022-2275},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {We assessed the effects of prolonged reduction of plasma retinol concentrations (hyporetinolemia) on the distribution of tissue vitamin A (VA) and of its active compounds using a model of continuous recombinant human interleukin-6 (rhIL-6) infusion via osmotic minipumps in VA-sufficient male rats. Plasma retinol and retinol-binding protein (RBP) concentrations remained decreased and lower in rhIL-6- treated rats compared with controls from 7.5 h throughout 7 days of infusion (P < 0.001). This reduction was accompanied by a 68\% increase in hepatic retinol concentration by 7 days (P < 0.05). Hepatic and renal retinyl palmitate and retinoic acid concentrations did not change, and renal megalin content remained unchanged; hepatic RBP concentrations were 41\% lower in rhIL-6-treated rats compared with controls (P < 0.05). These results indicate that instead of being lost, retinol accumulated in the liver during inflammation and that hyporetinolemia was attributable to a decrease in the availability of hepatic RBP. A plausible consequence of the effect of rhIL-6-induced hyporetinolemia is that by 7 days tissues that are dependent on plasma retinol may become deprived of VA. These results have important implications in understanding the mechanism by which measles infection induces hyporetinolemia and VA deficiency of extrahepatic tissues},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LieseSchulzFangetal.2005,
  author    = {Liese, A. D. and Schulz, M. and Fang, F. and Wolever, T. M. S. and D'Agostino, R. B. and Sparks, K. C. and Mayer-Davis, E. J.},
  title     = {Dietary glycemic index and glycemic load, carbohydrate and fiber intake, and measures of insulin sensitivity, secretion, and adiposity in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study},
  issn      = {0149-5992},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {OBJECTIVE - We studied the association of digestible carbohydrates, fiber intake, glycemic index, and glycemic load with insulin sensitivity (S-I), fasting insulin, acute insulin response (AIR), disposition index, BMI, and waist circumference. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - Data on 979 adults with normal (67\%) and impaired (33\%) glucose tolerance from the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (1992-1994) were analyzed. Usual dietary intake was assessed via a 114- item interviewer-administered food frequency questionnaire from which nutrient intakes were estimated. Published glycemic index values were assigned to food items and average dietary glycemic index and glycemic load calculated per subject. S-I and AIR were determined by frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test. Disposition index was calculated by multiplying S-I with AIR. Multiple linear regression modeling was employed. RESULTS - No association was observed between glycemic index and S-I fasting insulin, AIR, disposition index, BMI, or waist circumference after adjustment for demographic characteristics or family history of diabetes, energy expenditure, and smoking. Associations observed for digestible carbohydrates and glycemic load, respectively, with S-I insulin secretion, and adiposity (adjusted for demographics and main confounders) were entirely explained by energy intake. In contrast, fiber was associated positively with S-I and disposition index and inversely with fasting insulin, BMI, and waist circumference but not with AIR. CONCLUSION - Carbohydrates as reflected in glycemic index and glycemic load may not be related to measures of insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, and adiposity. Fiber intake may not only have beneficial effects. on insulin sensitivity and adiposity, but also on pancreatic functionality},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PetzkeSchuppeRohnetal.2005,
  author    = {Petzke, Klaus-J{\"u}rgen and Schuppe, S. and Rohn, Sascha and Rawel, Harshadrai Manilal and Kroll, J{\"u}rgen},
  title     = {Chlorogenic acid moderately decreases the quality of whey proteins in rats},
  issn      = {0021-8561},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {During processing and storage, phenolic compounds (PCs) may react with food protein bound amino acids (AAs). Such reactions have been reported to change physicochemical and to decrease in vitro digestion properties of proteins. A rat growth and nitrogen (N) balance study was conducted to prove whether derivatization with chlorogenic acid (CA) affects the nutritional quality of beta-lactoglobulin (beta-LG). Test diets (10\% protein level) contained nonderivatized beta-LG (LG, treated under omission of CA), low derivatization level beta-LG (LGL), high derivatization level beta-LG (LGH), or casein supplemented with L-methionine (0.3\% of diet; C+met) as an internal standard. An additional group received untreated beta-LG supplemented with pure CA (1.03\% of diet; LG+CA). The AA composition of test proteins, plasma AAs, and liver glutathione (GSH) concentrations were determined. Protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score (PDCAAS) was calculated using human or rat AA requirement patterns and rat fecal digestibility values. N excretion was significantly higher in feces and lower in urine of rats fed with LGH as compared to LG and LGL. Consequently, true N digestibility (TND) was significantly lower with LGH as compared to LG and LGL. The lower content of methionine, cysteine, lysine, and tryptophan in LGH corresponded to a reduced TND. Net protein utilization (NPU) was not different between treated beta-LG fed diet groups but was lower than in LG+CA and C+met fed groups. Only at a relatively high level of derivatization with CA, the otherwise good nutritional quality of beta-LG is affected so that TND is reduced, while NPU still remains unaffected. Derivatization of beta-LG with CA does not seem to lead to an additional deficiency in a specific indispensable AA in growing rats fed with 10\% protein},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PuvogelBaumruckerSauerweinetal.2005,
  author    = {Puvogel, Gerke and Baumrucker, C. R. and Sauerwein, H. and Ruhl, R. and Ontsouka, E. and Hammon, H. M. and Blum, J. W.},
  title     = {Effects of an enhanced vitamin A intake during the dry period on retinoids, lactoferrin, IGF system, mammary gland epithelial cell apoptosis, and subsequent lactation in dairy cows},
  issn      = {0022-0302},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {Studies in vitro show important interactions among vitamin A, lactoferrin, and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding proteins (IGFBP) and, thus, the IGF system. As a consequence, mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation and apoptosis during the bovine dry period and potential milk yield may be affected. We have studied effects of feeding vitamin A (550,000 IU/d) that exceed daily requirements about 8-fold for up to 2 mo to dairy cows during the dry period on concentrations of retinol and its metabolites in plasma and milk, milk lactoferrin, plasma and milk IGF-I and IGFBP- 3, lactoferrin and IGF-I mRNA levels in mammary gland tissue, mammary gland apoptosis, and 100-d milk yield in the ensuing lactation. In the group supplemented with vitamin A, the peripartal decrease of plasma retinol was delayed and attenuated, and colostral retinol plus retinylester concentration was enhanced, but colostral beta-carotene concentration decreased. The retinoic acid isomer 9,13-dicis retinoic acid that coeluted with 13-cis retinoic acid, was the predominant circulating retinoic acid and was higher in GrA than the control group. Plasma IGFBP-3 concentrations were positively correlated with plasma retinol concentrations (r = 0.51), but there were no group differences. Numbers of apoptotic epithelial cells in mammary epithelium were higher at drying off and parturition than in the middle of the dry period, coinciding with high concentrations of IGF-I and lactoferrin in mammary secretions. At parturition, numbers of apoptotic cells in mammary gland biopsies in cows supplemented with vitamin A were higher than in control cows. In conclusion, supplementation of dairy cows during the dry period with high amounts of vitamin A did not significantly modify concentrations of lactoferrin, IGFBP-3, and IGF-I in plasma and in mammary secretions, but slightly decreased energy-corrected 100-d milk yield and milk fat yield, possibly because of enhanced apoptic rates of mammary cells},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RailaForterreSchweigert2005,
  author    = {Raila, Jens and Forterre, Simone and Schweigert, Florian J.},
  title     = {Physiology and pathophysiology of proteinuria : a review},
  issn      = {0005-9366},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {The term proteinuria is taken to mean abnormally high protein excretion in the urine. Proteinuria is the consequence of glomerular filtration of plasma proteins, their subsequent reabsorption by the proximal tubular cells and secretion of protein by the tubular cells and distal urinary tract. In physiological conditions, the structural integry of the glomerular filtration barrier prevents the abnormal passage of albumin (molecular mass 66 kDa) and high-molecular- weight proteins (> 66 kDa),whereas the passage of low-molecular-weight proteins (< 66 kDa) is almost completely unrestricted. Proteins that arrive the tubular lumen are reabsorbed by endocytosis after binding to the megalin-cubilin complex. An increased load of proteins in the tubular lumen leads to the saturation of the reabsorptive mechanism and higher urinary protein excretion. Proteinuria can originate from prerenal, renal and postrenal causes. Elevated tubular protein concentrations have been recognized to be toxic to tubular cells and associated with the progression of chronic renal disease. Therefore, the quantitative and qualitative evaluation of proteinuria is important for the diagnosis of renal disease},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KruseHeydenreichEngstetal.2005,
  author    = {Kruse, Hans-Peter and Heydenreich, Matthias and Engst, W. and Schilde, Uwe and Kroll, J{\"u}rgen},
  title     = {The identification of 1,3-oxazolidine-2-thiones and 1,3-thiazolidine-2-thiones from the reaction of glucose with benzyl isothiocyanate},
  issn      = {0008-6215},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {The structure of interaction products resulting from the reaction of unmodified glucose with benzyl isothiocyanate is reported. Prior to their identification, the main products of this reaction were isolated using solid- phase extraction (SPE) as well as preparative HPLC. They were then identified by NMR and MS as 3-benzyl-4-hydroxy-5-(D- arabino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroxybutyl)- 1,3-oxazolidine-2-thione, 3-benzyl-4-hydroxy-4-hydroxymethyl-5-(D-erythro-1,2,3- trihydroxypropyl)- 1,3-oxazolidine-2-thione, N-benzyl-(D-gluco-4,5-dihydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-tetrahydropyrano)[2,3-b] oxazolidine-2-thione and 3-benzyl-4-(N-benzyl amino)-5-(D-arabino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroxybutyl)-1,3-thiazolidine-2-thione . The identity of the last compound was secured by X-ray crystal structure data. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LohrkeViergutzKanitzetal.2005,
  author    = {Lohrke, B. and Viergutz, L. and Kanitz, W. and Becker, F. and Gollnitz, K. and Hurtienne, Andrea and Schweigert, Florian J.},
  title     = {Relationship between oxidant stress and milk productivity in dairy cows},
  issn      = {0005-9366},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {An imbalance between formation and detoxification of oxygen radicals leads to oxidant stress that may increase in more intense oxidative metabolism caused by a high intake of metabolizable energy to provide metabolic intermediates for the milk synthesis and secretion. This hypothesis was tested using dairy cows and the concentration of hydroperoxides in lipids (LHP) extracted from circulative lipoprotein particles of low and very low density (LDL and VLDL/chylomicrons) as oxidant stress indicator. The particles were prepared by ultracentrifugation of serum obtained by coccygeal bleeding (13 cows, 1. parity, n=8 and 2. parity, n=5, lactation stage, 53 +/- 1.4 days post partum) and purified by precipitation. Concentrations of LHP-LDL/mg Lipoprotein correlated significantly with daily milk yield (r = 0.73, P = 0.004) or daily milk energy output (r = 0.77, P = 0.003) in contrast to LHP of VLDL/chylomicron particles. Thus, some evidence was obtained for an almost linear, positive relationship between milk productivity and oxidant stress occurring in LDL},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PatheNeuschaeferRubeNeuschaeferRubePueschel2005,
  author    = {Pathe-Neusch{\"a}fer-Rube, Andrea and Neusch{\"a}fer-Rube, Frank and P{\"u}schel, Gerhard Paul},
  title     = {Role of the ERC motif in the proximal part of the second intracellular loop and the C-terminal domain of the human prostaglandin F2alpha receptor (hFP-R) in G-protein coupling control},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {The human FP-R (F2alpha prostaglandin receptor) is a Gq-coupled heptahelical ectoreceptor, which is of significant medical interest, since it is a potential target for the treatment of glaucoma and preterm labour. On agonist exposure, it mediates an increase in intracellular inositol phosphate formation. Little is known about the structures that govern the agonist-dependent receptor activation. In other prostanoid receptors, the C-terminal domain has been inferred in the control of agonist-dependent receptor activation. A DRY motif at the beginning of the second intracellular loop is highly conserved throughout the G-protein-coupled receptor family and appears to be crucial for controlling agonist-dependent receptor activation. It is replaced by an ERC motif in the FP-R and no evidence for the relevance of this motif in ligand-dependent activation of prostanoid receptors has been provided so far. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the potential role of the C-terminal domain and the ERC motif in agonist-controlled intracellular signalling in FP-R mutants generated by site-directed mutagenesis. It was found that substitution of the acidic Glu(132) in the ERC motif by a threonine residue led to full constitutive activation, whereas truncation of the receptor's C-terminal domain led to partial constitutive activation of all three intracellular signal pathways that had previously been shown to be activated by the FP-R, i.e. inositol trisphosphate formation, focal adhesion kinase activation and T-cell factor signalling. Inositol trisphosphate formation and focal adhesion kinase phosphorylation were further enhanced by ligand binding in cells expressing the truncation mutant but not the E132T (Glu132-->Thr) mutant. Thus C-terminal truncation appeared to result in a receptor with partial constitutive activation, whereas substitution of Glu132 by threonine apparently resulted in a receptor with full constitutive activity.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{NeuschaeferRubeHermosillaKunaetal.2005,
  author    = {Neusch{\"a}fer-Rube, Frank and Hermosilla, Ricardo and Kuna, Manuela and Pathe-Neusch{\"a}fer-Rube, Andrea and Schulein, R. and P{\"u}schel, Gerhard Paul},
  title     = {A Ser/Thr cluster within the C-terminal domain of the rat prostaglandin receptor EP3 alpha is essential for agonist-induced phosphorylation, desensitization and internalization},
  issn      = {0007-1188},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {1 Two isoforms of the rat prostaglandin E-2 receptor, rEP3 alpha-R and rEP3 beta-R, differ only in their C- terminal domain. To analyze the function of the rEP3-R C-terminal domain in agonist induced desensitization, a cluster of Ser/Thr residues in the C-terminal domain of the rEP3 alpha-R was mutated to Ala and both isoforms and the receptor mutant (rEP3 alpha-ST341-349A-R) were stably expressed in HEK293 cells. 2 All rEP3-R receptors showed a similar ligand- binding profile. They were functionally coupled to Gi and reduced forskolin-induced cAMP-formation. 3 Repeated exposure of cells expressing the rEP3 alpha-R isoform to PGE(2) reduced the agonist induced inhibition of forskolin-stimulated cAMP-formation by 50\% and led to internalization of the receptor to intracellular endocytotic vesicles. By contrast, Gi- response as well as plasma membrane localization of the rEP3 beta-R and the rEP3 alpha-ST341-349A-R were not affected by prior agonist-stimulation. 4 Agonist-stimulation of HEK293-rEP3 alpha-R cells induced a time- and dose-dependent phosphorylation of the receptor most likely by G protein-coupled receptor kinases and not by protein kinase A or protein kinase C. By contrast, upon agonist-stimulation the rEP3 beta-R was not phosphorylated and the rEP3 alpha-ST341-349A-R was phosphorylated only weakly. 5 These results led to the hypothesis that agonist-induced desensitization of the rEP3 alpha-R isoform is mediated most likely by a GRK-dependent phosphorylation of Ser/Thr residues 341 - 349. Phosphorylation then initiates uncoupling of the receptor from Gi protein and receptor internalization},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ThierbachSchulzIskenetal.2005,
  author    = {Thierbach, Ren{\`e} and Schulz, Tim Julius and Isken, Frank and Voigt, Aanja and Mietzner, Brun and Drewes, Gunnar and von Kleist-Retzow, J{\"u}rgen-Christoph and Wiesner, Rudolf J. and Magnuson, Mark A. and Puccio, Helene and Pfeiffer, Andreas F. H. and Steinberg, Pablo and Ristow, Michael},
  title     = {Targeted disruption of hepatic frataxin expression causes impaired mitochondrial function, decreased life span and tumor growth in mice},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {We have disrupted expression of the mitochondrial Friedreich ataxia protein frataxin specifically in murine hepatocytes to generate mice with impaired mitochondrial function and decreased oxidative phosphorylation. These animals have a reduced life span and develop multiple hepatic tumors. Livers also show increased oxidative stress, impaired respiration and reduced ATP levels paralleled by reduced activity of iron-sulfur cluster (Fe/S) containing proteins (ISP), which all leads to increased hepatocyte turnover by promoting both apoptosis and proliferation. Accordingly, phosphorylation of the stress-inducible p38 MAP kinase was found to be specifically impaired following disruption of frataxin. Taken together, these findings indicate that frataxin may act as a mitochondrial tumor suppressor protein in mammals},
  language  = {en}
}