@article{HeisselPietrekKangasetal.2023,
  author    = {Heissel, Andreas and Pietrek, Anou F. and Kangas, Maria and Van der Kaap-Deeder, Jolene and Rapp, Michael A.},
  title     = {The Mediating Role of Rumination in the Relation between Basic Psychological Need Frustration and Depressive Symptoms},
  series = {Journal of Clinical Medicine},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {Journal of Clinical Medicine},
  edition   = {2},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel, Schweiz},
  issn      = {2077-0383},
  doi       = {10.3390/jcm12020395},
  pages     = {1 -- 10},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Research within the framework of Basic Psychological Need Theory (BPNT) finds strong associations between basic need frustration and depressive symptoms. This study examined the role of rumination as an underlying mechanism in the association between basic psychological need frustration and depressive symptoms. A cross-sectional sample of N = 221 adults (55.2\% female, mean age = 27.95, range = 18-62, SD = 10.51) completed measures assessing their level of basic psychological need frustration, rumination, and depressive symptoms. Correlational analyses and multiple mediation models were conducted. Brooding partially mediated the relation between need frustration and depressive symptoms. BPNT and Response Styles Theory are compatible and can further advance knowledge about depression vulnerabilities.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PietrekKangasKliegletal.2022,
  author    = {Pietrek, Anou F. and Kangas, Maria and Kliegl, Reinhold and Rapp, Michael A. and Heinzel, Stephan and Van der Kaap-Deeder, Jolene and Heissel, Andreas},
  title     = {Basic psychological need satisfaction and frustration in major depressive disorder},
  series = {Frontiers in Psychiatry - Mood Disorders},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Psychiatry - Mood Disorders},
  publisher = {Frontiers Media S.A.},
  address   = {Lausanne, Schweiz},
  issn      = {1664-0640},
  doi       = {10.3389/fpsyt.2022.962501},
  pages     = {1 -- 10},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Basic psychological needs theory postulates that a social environment that satisfies individuals' three basic psychological needs of autonomy, competence, and relatedness leads to optimal growth and well-being. On the other hand, the frustration of these needs is associated with ill-being and depressive symptoms foremost investigated in non-clinical samples; yet, there is a paucity of research on need frustration in clinical samples. Survey data were compared between adult individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD; n = 115; 48.69\% female; 38.46 years, SD = 10.46) with those of a non-depressed comparison sample (n = 201; 53.23\% female; 30.16 years, SD = 12.81). Need profiles were examined with a linear mixed model (LMM). Individuals with depression reported higher levels of frustration and lower levels of satisfaction in relation to the three basic psychological needs when compared to non-depressed adults. The difference between depressed and non-depressed groups was significantly larger for frustration than satisfaction regarding the needs for relatedness and competence. LMM correlation parameters confirmed the expected positive correlation between the three needs. This is the first study showing substantial differences in need-based experiences between depressed and non-depressed adults. The results confirm basic assumptions of the self-determination theory and have preliminary implications in tailoring therapy for depression.},
  language  = {en}
}