@phdthesis{NaderiMehr2019,
  author    = {Naderi Mehr, Fatemeh},
  title     = {Preparation and self-assembly behavior of anisotropic polymer patchy particles},
  pages     = {74, XX},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Batoulis2019,
  author    = {Batoulis, Kimon},
  title     = {Sound integration of process and decision models},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43738},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-437386},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xviii, 155},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Business process management is an established technique for business organizations to manage and support their processes. Those processes are typically represented by graphical models designed with modeling languages, such as the Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN). Since process models do not only serve the purpose of documentation but are also a basis for implementation and automation of the processes, they have to satisfy certain correctness requirements. In this regard, the notion of soundness of workflow nets was developed, that can be applied to BPMN process models in order to verify their correctness. Because the original soundness criteria are very restrictive regarding the behavior of the model, different variants of the soundness notion have been developed for situations in which certain violations are not even harmful. All of those notions do only consider the control-flow structure of a process model, however. This poses a problem, taking into account the fact that with the recent release and the ongoing development of the Decision Model and Notation (DMN) standard, an increasing number of process models are complemented by respective decision models. DMN is a dedicated modeling language for decision logic and separates the concerns of process and decision logic into two different models, process and decision models respectively. Hence, this thesis is concerned with the development of decisionaware soundness notions, i.e., notions of soundness that build upon the original soundness ideas for process models, but additionally take into account complementary decision models. Similar to the various notions of workflow net soundness, this thesis investigates different notions of decision soundness that can be applied depending on the desired degree of restrictiveness. Since decision tables are a standardized means of DMN to represent decision logic, this thesis also puts special focus on decision tables, discussing how they can be translated into an unambiguous format and how their possible output values can be efficiently determined. Moreover, a prototypical implementation is described that supports checking a basic version of decision soundness. The decision soundness notions were also empirically evaluated on models from participants of an online course on process and decision modeling as well as from a process management project of a large insurance company. The evaluation demonstrates that violations of decision soundness indeed occur and can be detected with our approach.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Veh2019,
  author    = {Veh, Georg},
  title     = {Outburst floods from moraine-dammed lakes in the Himalayas},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43607},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-436071},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {124},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {The Himalayas are a region that is most dependent, but also frequently prone to hazards from changing meltwater resources. This mountain belt hosts the highest mountain peaks on earth, has the largest reserve of ice outside the polar regions, and is home to a rapidly growing population in recent decades. One source of hazard has attracted scientific research in particular in the past two decades: glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) occurred rarely, but mostly with fatal and catastrophic consequences for downstream communities and infrastructure. Such GLOFs can suddenly release several million cubic meters of water from naturally impounded meltwater lakes. Glacial lakes have grown in number and size by ongoing glacial mass losses in the Himalayas. Theory holds that enhanced meltwater production may increase GLOF frequency, but has never been tested so far. The key challenge to test this notion are the high altitudes of >4000 m, at which lakes occur, making field work impractical. Moreover, flood waves can attenuate rapidly in mountain channels downstream, so that many GLOFs have likely gone unnoticed in past decades. Our knowledge on GLOFs is hence likely biased towards larger, destructive cases, which challenges a detailed quantification of their frequency and their response to atmospheric warming. Robustly quantifying the magnitude and frequency of GLOFs is essential for risk assessment and management along mountain rivers, not least to implement their return periods in building design codes. Motivated by this limited knowledge of GLOF frequency and hazard, I developed an algorithm that efficiently detects GLOFs from satellite images. In essence, this algorithm classifies land cover in 30 years (~1988-2017) of continuously recorded Landsat images over the Himalayas, and calculates likelihoods for rapidly shrinking water bodies in the stack of land cover images. I visually assessed such detected tell-tale sites for sediment fans in the river channel downstream, a second key diagnostic of GLOFs. Rigorous tests and validation with known cases from roughly 10\% of the Himalayas suggested that this algorithm is robust against frequent image noise, and hence capable to identify previously unknown GLOFs. Extending the search radius to the entire Himalayan mountain range revealed some 22 newly detected GLOFs. I thus more than doubled the existing GLOF count from 16 previously known cases since 1988, and found a dominant cluster of GLOFs in the Central and Eastern Himalayas (Bhutan and Eastern Nepal), compared to the rarer affected ranges in the North. Yet, the total of 38 GLOFs showed no change in the annual frequency, so that the activity of GLOFs per unit glacial lake area has decreased in the past 30 years. I discussed possible drivers for this finding, but left a further attribution to distinct GLOF-triggering mechanisms open to future research. This updated GLOF frequency was the key input for assessing GLOF hazard for the entire Himalayan mountain belt and several subregions. I used standard definitions in flood hydrology, describing hazard as the annual exceedance probability of a given flood peak discharge [m3 s-1] or larger at the breach location. I coupled the empirical frequency of GLOFs per region to simulations of physically plausible peak discharges from all existing ~5,000 lakes in the Himalayas. Using an extreme-value model, I could hence calculate flood return periods. I found that the contemporary 100-year GLOF discharge (the flood level that is reached or exceeded on average once in 100 years) is 20,600+2,200/-2,300 m3 s-1 for the entire Himalayas. Given the spatial and temporal distribution of historic GLOFs, contemporary GLOF hazard is highest in the Eastern Himalayas, and lower for regions with rarer GLOF abundance. I also calculated GLOF hazard for some 9,500 overdeepenings, which could expose and fill with water, if all Himalayan glaciers have melted eventually. Assuming that the current GLOF rate remains unchanged, the 100-year GLOF discharge could double (41,700+5,500/-4,700 m3 s-1), while the regional GLOF hazard may increase largest in the Karakoram. To conclude, these three stages-from GLOF detection, to analysing their frequency and estimating regional GLOF hazard-provide a framework for modern GLOF hazard assessment. Given the rapidly growing population, infrastructure, and hydropower projects in the Himalayas, this thesis assists in quantifying the purely climate-driven contribution to hazard and risk from GLOFs.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Behm2019,
  author    = {Behm, Laura Vera Johanna},
  title     = {Thermoresponsive Zellkultursubstrate f{\"u}r zeitlich-r{\"a}umlich gesteuertes Auswachsen neuronaler Zellen},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43619},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-436196},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {VII, 105},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Ein wichtiges Ziel der Neurowissenschaften ist das Verst{\"a}ndnis der komplexen und zugleich faszinierenden, hochgeordneten Vernetzung der Neurone im Gehirn, welche neuronalen Prozessen, wie zum Beispiel dem Wahrnehmen oder Lernen wie auch Neuropathologien zu Grunde liegt. F{\"u}r verbesserte neuronale Zellkulturmodelle zur detaillierten Untersuchung dieser Prozesse ist daher die Rekonstruktion von geordneten neuronalen Verbindungen dringend erforderlich. Mit Oberfl{\"a}chenstrukturen aus zellattraktiven und zellabweisenden Beschichtungen k{\"o}nnen neuronale Zellen und ihre Neuriten in vitro strukturiert werden. Zur Kontrolle der neuronalen Verbindungsrichtung muss das Auswachsen der Axone zu benachbarten Zellen dynamisch gesteuert werden, zum Beispiel {\"u}ber eine ver{\"a}nderliche Zug{\"a}nglichkeit der Oberfl{\"a}che. In dieser Arbeit wurde untersucht, ob mit thermoresponsiven Polymeren (TRP) beschichtete Zellkultursubstrate f{\"u}r eine dynamische Kontrolle des Auswachsens neuronaler Zellen geeignet sind. TRP k{\"o}nnen {\"u}ber die Temperatur von einem zellabweisenden in einen zellattraktiven Zustand geschaltet werden, womit die Zug{\"a}nglichkeit der Oberfl{\"a}che f{\"u}r Zellen dynamisch gesteuert werden kann. Die TRP-Beschichtung wurde mikrostrukturiert, um einzelne oder wenige neuronale Zellen zun{\"a}chst auf der Oberfl{\"a}che anzuordnen und das Auswachsen der Zellen und Neuriten {\"u}ber definierte TRP-Bereiche in Abh{\"a}ngigkeit der Temperatur zeitlich und r{\"a}umlich zu kontrollieren. Das Protokoll wurde mit der neuronalen Zelllinie SH-SY5Y etabliert und auf humane induzierte Neurone {\"u}bertragen. Die Anordnung der Zellen konnte bei Kultivierung im zellabweisenden Zustand des TRPs f{\"u}r bis zu 7 Tage aufrecht erhalten werden. Durch Schalten des TRPs in den zellattraktiven Zustand konnte das Auswachsen der Neuriten und Zellen zeitlich und r{\"a}umlich induziert werden. Immunozytochemische F{\"a}rbungen und Patch-Clamp-Ableitungen der Neurone demonstrierten die einfache Anwendbarkeit und Zellkompatibilit{\"a}t der TRP-Substrate. Eine pr{\"a}zisere r{\"a}umliche Kontrolle des Auswachsens der Zellen sollte durch lokales Schalten der TRP-Beschichtung erreicht werden. Daf{\"u}r wurden Mikroheizchips mit Mikroelektroden zur lokalen Jouleschen Erw{\"a}rmung der Substratoberfl{\"a}che entwickelt. Zur Evaluierung der generierten Temperaturprofile wurde eine Temperaturmessmethode entwickelt und die erhobenen Messwerte mit numerisch simulierten Werten abgeglichen. Die Temperaturmessmethode basiert auf einfach zu applizierenden Sol-Gel-Schichten, die den temperatursensitiven Fluoreszenzfarbstoff Rhodamin B enthalten. Sie erm{\"o}glicht oberfl{\"a}chennahe Temperaturmessungen in trockener und w{\"a}ssriger Umgebung mit hoher Orts- und Temperaturaufl{\"o}sung. Numerische Simulationen der Temperaturprofile korrelierten gut mit den experimentellen Daten. Auf dieser Basis konnten Geometrie und Material der Mikroelektroden hinsichtlich einer lokal stark begrenzten Temperierung optimiert werden. Ferner wurden f{\"u}r die Kultvierung der Zellen auf den Mikroheizchips eine Zellkulturkammer und Kontaktboard f{\"u}r die elektrische Kontaktierung der Mikroelektroden geschaffen. Die vorgestellten Ergebnisse demonstrieren erstmalig das enorme Potential thermoresponsiver Zellkultursubstrate f{\"u}r die zeitlich und r{\"a}umlich gesteuerte Formation geordneter neuronaler Verbindungen in vitro. Zuk{\"u}nftig k{\"o}nnte dies detaillierte Studien zur neuronalen Informationsverarbeitung oder zu Neuropathologien an relevanten, humanen Zellmodellen erm{\"o}glichen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Angwenyi2019,
  author    = {Angwenyi, David},
  title     = {Time-continuous state and parameter estimation with application to hyperbolic SPDEs},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43654},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-436542},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xi, 101},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Data assimilation has been an active area of research in recent years, owing to its wide utility. At the core of data assimilation are filtering, prediction, and smoothing procedures. Filtering entails incorporation of measurements' information into the model to gain more insight into a given state governed by a noisy state space model. Most natural laws are governed by time-continuous nonlinear models. For the most part, the knowledge available about a model is incomplete; and hence uncertainties are approximated by means of probabilities. Time-continuous filtering, therefore, holds promise for wider usefulness, for it offers a means of combining noisy measurements with imperfect model to provide more insight on a given state. The solution to time-continuous nonlinear Gaussian filtering problem is provided for by the Kushner-Stratonovich equation. Unfortunately, the Kushner-Stratonovich equation lacks a closed-form solution. Moreover, the numerical approximations based on Taylor expansion above third order are fraught with computational complications. For this reason, numerical methods based on Monte Carlo methods have been resorted to. Chief among these methods are sequential Monte-Carlo methods (or particle filters), for they allow for online assimilation of data. Particle filters are not without challenges: they suffer from particle degeneracy, sample impoverishment, and computational costs arising from resampling. The goal of this thesis is to:— i) Review the derivation of Kushner-Stratonovich equation from first principles and its extant numerical approximation methods, ii) Study the feedback particle filters as a way of avoiding resampling in particle filters, iii) Study joint state and parameter estimation in time-continuous settings, iv) Apply the notions studied to linear hyperbolic stochastic differential equations. The interconnection between It{\^o} integrals and stochastic partial differential equations and those of Stratonovich is introduced in anticipation of feedback particle filters. With these ideas and motivated by the variants of ensemble Kalman-Bucy filters founded on the structure of the innovation process, a feedback particle filter with randomly perturbed innovation is proposed. Moreover, feedback particle filters based on coupling of prediction and analysis measures are proposed. They register a better performance than the bootstrap particle filter at lower ensemble sizes. We study joint state and parameter estimation, both by means of extended state spaces and by use of dual filters. Feedback particle filters seem to perform well in both cases. Finally, we apply joint state and parameter estimation in the advection and wave equation, whose velocity is spatially varying. Two methods are employed: Metropolis Hastings with filter likelihood and a dual filter comprising of Kalman-Bucy filter and ensemble Kalman-Bucy filter. The former performs better than the latter.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Stopp2019,
  author    = {Stopp, Karl-Thomas},
  title     = {Die {\"U}berschuldung der Personengesellschaft},
  series = {KTS-Schriften zum Insolvenzrecht ; 60},
  journal   = {KTS-Schriften zum Insolvenzrecht ; 60},
  publisher = {Heymann},
  address   = {K{\"o}ln},
  isbn      = {978-3-452-29303-9},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {248},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Rose2019,
  author    = {Rose, Robert},
  title     = {Leading for team-level creativity and innovation},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {177},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Wagle2019,
  author    = {Wagle, Swapnil},
  title     = {Multi scale modeling of SNARE-mimetic peptides for their applications in membrane fusion},
  pages     = {105},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Scianna2019,
  author    = {Scianna, Bastian Matteo},
  title     = {The Italian war on the eastern front, 1941-1943},
  series = {Italian and Italian American Studies},
  journal   = {Italian and Italian American Studies},
  publisher = {Palgrave Macmillan},
  address   = {Cham},
  isbn      = {978-3-03026-523-6},
  pages     = {365},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {The Italian Army's participation in Hitler's war against the Soviet Union has remained unrecognized and understudied. Bastian Matteo Scianna offers a wide-ranging, in-depth corrective. Mining Italian, German and Russian sources, he examines the history of the Italian campaign in the East between 1941 and 1943, as well as how the campaign was remembered and memorialized in the domestic and international arena during the Cold War. Linking operational military history with memory studies, this book revises our understanding of the Italian Army in the Second World War.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Kotalik2019,
  author    = {Kotal{\´i}k, Matěj},
  title     = {Rowdytum im Staatssozialismus},
  series = {Kommunismus und Gesellschaft ; 10},
  journal   = {Kommunismus und Gesellschaft ; 10},
  publisher = {Ch. Links Verlag},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-96289-071-1},
  pages     = {399},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Rowdytum, ein Begriff, der im russischen Zarenreich f{\"u}r die Ungezogenheit niederer Schichten stand, bezeichnet heute vor allem die Gewaltexzesse von Fußballfans. In der Sowjetunion und im {\"u}brigen Ostblock war Rowdytum viel mehr: ein Sinnbild abweichenden Verhaltens, eine unscharf definierte Straftat, ein willk{\"u}rliches Stigma, das jeden treffen konnte. Matej Kotal{\´i}k erforscht das Rowdytum grenz{\"u}bergreifend und verfolgt dessen Geobiografie von der Sowjetunion in die CS(S)R und in die DDR, von 1956 bis 1989. Seine Bilanz ist ambivalent. Ungeachtet sowjetischer Impulse war der entsprechende Straftatbestand durch eigene Rechtstraditionen beider L{\"a}nder gepr{\"a}gt. Als Alltagserscheinung markierte Rowdytum die Grenzen des gesellschaftlich Akzeptablen, die in den 1960er Jahren zugleich neu verhandelt wurden. Die Polizeigewalt gegen Außenseiter wandelte sich in einer individualisierten Gesellschaft zunehmend zum Streitpunkt zwischen dem Staat und seinen B{\"u}rgern.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Noack2019,
  author    = {Noack, Sebastian},
  title     = {Poly(lactide)-based amphiphilic block copolymers},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43616},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-436168},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xvii, 148},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Due to its bioavailability and (bio)degradability, poly(lactide) (PLA) is an interesting polymer that is already being used as packaging material, surgical seam, and drug delivery system. Dependent on various parameters such as polymer composition, amphiphilicity, sample preparation, and the enantiomeric purity of lactide, PLA in an amphiphilic block copolymer can affect the self-assembly behavior dramatically. However, sizes and shapes of aggregates have a critical effect on the interactions between biological and drug delivery systems, where the general understanding of these polymers and their ability to influence self-assembly is of significant interest in science. The first part of this thesis describes the synthesis and study of a series of linear poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) and poly(D-lactide) (PDLA)-based amphiphilic block copolymers with varying PLA (hydrophobic), and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) (hydrophilic) chain lengths and different block copolymer sequences (PEG-PLA and PLA-PEG). The PEG-PLA block copolymers were synthesized by ring-opening polymerization of lactide initiated by a PEG-OH macroinitiator. In contrast, the PLA-PEG block copolymers were produced by a Steglich-esterification of modified PLA with PEG-OH. The aqueous self-assembly at room temperature of the enantiomerically pure PLLA-based block copolymers and their stereocomplexed mixtures was investigated by dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Spherical micelles and worm-like structures were produced, whereby the obtained self-assembled morphologies were affected by the lactide weight fraction in the block copolymer and self-assembly time. The formation of worm-like structures increases with decreasing PLA-chain length and arises from spherical micelles, which become colloidally unstable and undergo an epitaxial fusion with other micelles. As shown by DSC experiments, the crystallinity of the corresponding PLA blocks increases within the self-assembly time. However, the stereocomplexed self-assembled structures behave differently from the parent polymers and result in irregular-shaped clusters of spherical micelles. Additionally, time-dependent self-assembly experiments showed a transformation, from already self-assembled morphologies of different shapes to more compact micelles upon stereocomplexation. In the second part of this thesis, with the objective to influence the self-assembly of PLA-based block copolymers and its stereocomplexes, poly(methyl phosphonate) (PMeP) and poly(isopropyl phosphonate) (PiPrP) were produced by ring-opening polymerization to implement an alternative to the hydrophilic block PEG. Although, the 1,8 diazabicyclo[5.4.0]unde 7 ene (DBU) or 1,5,7 triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (TBD) mediated synthesis of the corresponding poly(alkyl phosphonate)s was successful, however, not so the polymerization of copolymers with PLA-based precursors (PLA-homo polymers, and PEG-PLA block copolymers). Transesterification, obtained by 1H-NMR spectroscopy, between the poly(phosphonate)- and PLA block caused a high-field shifted peak split of the methine proton in the PLA polymer chain, with split intensities depending on the used catalyst (DBU for PMeP, and TBD for PiPrP polymerization). An additional prepared block copolymer PiPrP-PLLA that wasn't affected in its polymer sequence was finally used for self-assembly experiments with PLA-PEG and PEG-PLA mixing. This work provides a comprehensive study of the self-assembly behavior of PLA-based block copolymers influenced by various parameters such as polymer block lengths, self-assembly time, and stereocomplexation of block copolymer mixtures.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Thoma2019,
  author    = {Thoma, Philipp},
  title     = {Legitimit{\"a}t des \S 398a AO im System des privilegierenden Nachtatverhaltens und verfassungsrechtliche Kompatibilit{\"a}t der Norm},
  series = {Schriften zum Strafrecht ; 344},
  journal   = {Schriften zum Strafrecht ; 344},
  publisher = {Duncker \& Humblot},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-428-15820-1},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {287},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Eichelmann2019,
  author    = {Eichelmann, Fabian},
  title     = {Novel adipokines as inflammatory biomarkers of chronic disease risk},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {133},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Bachmann2019,
  author    = {Bachmann, Felix},
  title     = {Non-linearity of magnetic micropropellers},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {120},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Ruzanska2019,
  author    = {Ruzanska, Ulrike Alexandra},
  title     = {Intuitives Essverhalten im Kontext der Gesundheitspsychologie},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {139},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Thirumalaikumar2019,
  author    = {Thirumalaikumar, Venkatesh P.},
  title     = {Investigating drought and heat stress regulatory networks in Arabidopsis and tomato},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {154},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Jakobs2019,
  author    = {Jakobs, Friedrich},
  title     = {Dubrovin-rings and their connection to Hughes-free skew fields of fractions},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43556},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-435561},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {ix, 62},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {One method of embedding groups into skew fields was introduced by A. I. Mal'tsev and B. H. Neumann (cf. [18, 19]). If G is an ordered group and F is a skew field, the set F((G)) of formal power series over F in G with well-ordered support forms a skew field into which the group ring F[G] can be embedded. Unfortunately it is not suficient that G is left-ordered since F((G)) is only an F-vector space in this case as there is no natural way to define a multiplication on F((G)). One way to extend the original idea onto left-ordered groups is to examine the endomorphism ring of F((G)) as explored by N. I. Dubrovin (cf. [5, 6]). It is possible to embed any crossed product ring F[G; η, σ] into the endomorphism ring of F((G)) such that each non-zero element of F[G; η, σ] defines an automorphism of F((G)) (cf. [5, 10]). Thus, the rational closure of F[G; η, σ] in the endomorphism ring of F((G)), which we will call the Dubrovin-ring of F[G; η, σ], is a potential candidate for a skew field of fractions of F[G; η, σ]. The methods of N. I. Dubrovin allowed to show that specific classes of groups can be embedded into a skew field. For example, N. I. Dubrovin contrived some special criteria, which are applicable on the universal covering group of SL(2, R). These methods have also been explored by J. Gr{\"a}ter and R. P. Sperner (cf. [10]) as well as N.H. Halimi and T. Ito (cf. [11]). Furthermore, it is of interest to know if skew fields of fractions are unique. For example, left and right Ore domains have unique skew fields of fractions (cf. [2]). This is not the general case as for example the free group with 2 generators can be embedded into non-isomorphic skew fields of fractions (cf. [12]). It seems likely that Ore domains are the most general case for which unique skew fields of fractions exist. One approach to gain uniqueness is to restrict the search to skew fields of fractions with additional properties. I. Hughes has defined skew fields of fractions of crossed product rings F[G; η, σ] with locally indicable G which fulfill a special condition. These are called Hughes-free skew fields of fractions and I. Hughes has proven that they are unique if they exist [13, 14]. This thesis will connect the ideas of N. I. Dubrovin and I. Hughes. The first chapter contains the basic terminology and concepts used in this thesis. We present methods provided by N. I. Dubrovin such as the complexity of elements in rational closures and special properties of endomorphisms of the vector space of formal power series F((G)). To combine the ideas of N.I. Dubrovin and I. Hughes we introduce Conradian left-ordered groups of maximal rank and examine their connection to locally indicable groups. Furthermore we provide notations for crossed product rings, skew fields of fractions as well as Dubrovin-rings and prove some technical statements which are used in later parts. The second chapter focuses on Hughes-free skew fields of fractions and their connection to Dubrovin-rings. For that purpose we introduce series representations to interpret elements of Hughes-free skew fields of fractions as skew formal Laurent series. This 1 Introduction allows us to prove that for Conradian left-ordered groups G of maximal rank the statement "F[G; η, σ] has a Hughes-free skew field of fractions" implies "The Dubrovin ring of F [G; η, σ] is a skew field". We will also prove the reverse and apply the results to give a new prove of Theorem 1 in [13]. Furthermore we will show how to extend injective ring homomorphisms of some crossed product rings onto their Hughes-free skew fields of fractions. At last we will be able to answer the open question whether Hughes--free skew fields are strongly Hughes-free (cf. [17, page 53]).},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Feinbube2019,
  author    = {Feinbube, Lena},
  title     = {Fault-injection-driven development},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {179},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Jantzen2019,
  author    = {Jantzen, Friederike},
  title     = {Genetic basis and adaptive significance of repeated scent loss in selfing Capsella species},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43525},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-435253},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {124},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Floral scent is an important way for plants to communicate with insects, but scent emission has been lost or strongly reduced during the transition from pollinator-mediated outbreeding to selfing. The shift from outcrossing to selfing is not only accompanied by scent loss, but also by a reduction in other pollinator-attracting traits like petal size and can be observed multiple times among angiosperms. These changes are summarized by the term selfing syndrome and represent one of the most prominent examples of convergent evolution within the plant kingdom. In this work the genus Capsella was used as a model to study convergent evolution in two closely related selfers with separate transitions to self-fertilization. Compared to their outbreeding ancestor C. grandiflora, the emission of benzaldehyde as main compound of floral scent is lacking or strongly reduced in the selfing species C. rubella and C. orientalis. In C. rubella the loss of benzaldehyde was caused by mutations to cinnamate:CoA ligase CNL1, but the biochemical basis and evolutionary history of this loss remained unknown, together with the genetic basis of scent loss in C. orientalis. Here, a combination of plant transformations, in vitro enzyme assays, population genetics and quantitative genetics has been used to address these questions. The results indicate that CNL1 has been inactivated twice independently by point mutations in C. rubella, leading to a loss of benzaldehyde emission. Both inactivated haplotypes can be found around the Mediterranean Sea, indicating that they arose before the species´ geographical spread. This study confirmed CNL1 as a hotspot for mutations to eliminate benzaldehyde emission, as it has been suggested by previous studies. In contrast to these findings, CNL1 in C. orientalis remains active. To test whether similar mechanisms underlie the convergent evolution of scent loss in C. orientalis a QTL mapping approach was used and the results suggest that this closely related species followed a different evolutionary route to reduce floral scent, possibly reflecting that the convergent evolution of floral scent is driven by ecological rather than genetic factors. In parallel with studying the genetic basis of repeated scent loss a method for testing the adaptive value of individual selfing syndrome traits was established. The established method allows estimating outcrossing rates with a high throughput of samples and detects successfully insect-mediated outcrossing events, providing major advantages regarding time and effort compared to other approaches. It can be applied to correlate outcrossing rates with differences in individual traits by using quasi-isogenic lines as demonstrated here or with environmental or morphological parameters. Convergent evolution can not only be observed for scent loss in Capsella but also for the morphological evolution of petal size. Previous studies detected several QTLs underlying the petal size reduction in C. orientalis and C. rubella, some of them shared among both species. One shared QTL is PAQTL1 which might map to NUBBIN, a growth factor. To better understand the morphological evolution and genetic basis of petal size reduction, this QTL was studied. Mapping this QTL to a gene might identify another example for a hotspot gene, in this case for the convergent evolution of petal size.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Westendorf2019,
  author    = {Westendorf, Martin},
  title     = {Der Betrieb gewerblicher Art},
  series = {Schriften zum Steuerrecht ; 147},
  journal   = {Schriften zum Steuerrecht ; 147},
  publisher = {Duncker \& Humblot},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-428-15783-9},
  pages     = {362},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Die Arbeit untersucht die Grundlagen der Besteuerung der {\"o}ffentlichen Hand, hier insbesondere die geschichtliche Entwicklung des Betriebs gewerblicher Art und die seit 2009 geltende Querverbundsystematik. Es wird die Entwicklung der einzelnen Tatbest{\"a}nde bis hin zur tatbestandsm{\"a}ßigen Zusammenfassung einzelner Betriebe gewerblicher Art untersucht. Dabei stehen immer wieder die Wettbewerbssystematik und der steuerliche Gleichbehandlungsgrundsatz im Diskussionsmittelpunkt. Nachstehend schließt sich ein Vergleich zwischen dem horizontalen und vertikalen Querverbund an, der die grundlegenden Rechtsfolgen und die dauerdefizit{\"a}ren Bet{\"a}tigungen umfasst. Das Ergebnis zeigt auf, dass die {\"o}ffentliche Hand mit ihrem wahlweisen horizontalen Querverbund und der fehlenden Gewinnerzielungsabsicht erhebliche Vorteile gegen{\"u}ber privatrechtlich gef{\"u}hrten Unternehmensformen genießt und somit erhebliches Steuersparpotential generiert.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Neumann2019,
  author    = {Neumann, Bettina},
  title     = {Bioelectrocatalytic activity of surface-confined heme catalysts},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {116},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Luzarowski2019,
  author    = {Luzarowski, Marcin},
  title     = {Development and application of biochemical approaches for characterisation of the protein-protein-metabolite interactome in model organisms' A. thaliana and S. cerevisiae},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {123},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Trautwein2019,
  author    = {Trautwein, Jutta},
  title     = {The Mental lexicon in acquisition},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43431},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-434314},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {IV, 177},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {The individual's mental lexicon comprises all known words as well related infor-mation on semantics, orthography and phonology. Moreover, entries connect due to simi-larities in these language domains building a large network structure. The access to lexical information is crucial for processing of words and sentences. Thus, a lack of information in-hibits the retrieval and can cause language processing difficulties. Hence, the composition of the mental lexicon is essential for language skills and its assessment is a central topic of lin-guistic and educational research. In early childhood, measurement of the mental lexicon is uncomplicated, for example through parental questionnaires or the analysis of speech samples. However, with growing content the measurement becomes more challenging: With more and more words in the mental lexicon, the inclusion of all possible known words into a test or questionnaire be-comes impossible. That is why there is a lack of methods to assess the mental lexicon for school children and adults. For the same reason, there are only few findings on the courses of lexical development during school years as well as its specific effect on other language skills. This dissertation is supposed to close this gap by pursuing two major goals: First, I wanted to develop a method to assess lexical features, namely lexicon size and lexical struc-ture, for children of different age groups. Second, I aimed to describe the results of this method in terms of lexical development of size and structure. Findings were intended to help understanding mechanisms of lexical acquisition and inform theories on vocabulary growth. The approach is based on the dictionary method where a sample of words out of a dictionary is tested and results are projected on the whole dictionary to determine an indi-vidual's lexicon size. In the present study, the childLex corpus, a written language corpus for children in German, served as the basis for lexicon size estimation. The corpus is assumed to comprise all words children attending primary school could know. Testing a sample of words out of the corpus enables projection of the results on the whole corpus. For this purpose, a vocabulary test based on the corpus was developed. Afterwards, test performance of virtual participants was simulated by drawing different lexicon sizes from the corpus and comparing whether the test items were included in the lexicon or not. This allowed determination of the relation between test performance and total lexicon size and thus could be transferred to a sample of real participants. Besides lexicon size, lexical content could be approximated with this approach and analyzed in terms of lexical structure. To pursue the presented aims and establish the sampling method, I conducted three consecutive studies. Study 1 includes the development of a vocabulary test based on the childLex corpus. The testing was based on the yes/no format and included three versions for different age groups. The validation grounded on the Rasch Model shows that it is a valid instrument to measure vocabulary for primary school children in German. In Study 2, I estab-lished the method to estimate lexicon sizes and present results on lexical development dur-ing primary school. Plausible results demonstrate that lexical growth follows a quadratic function starting with about 6,000 words at the beginning of school and about 73,000 words on average for young adults. Moreover, the study revealed large interindividual differences. Study 3 focused on the analysis of network structures and their development in the mental lexicon due to orthographic similarities. It demonstrates that networks possess small-word characteristics and decrease in interconnectivity with age. Taken together, this dissertation provides an innovative approach for the assessment and description of the development of the mental lexicon from primary school onwards. The studies determine recent results on lexical acquisition in different age groups that were miss-ing before. They impressively show the importance of this period and display the existence of extensive interindividual differences in lexical development. One central aim of future research needs to address the causes and prevention of these differences. In addition, the application of the method for further research (e.g. the adaptation for other target groups) and teaching purposes (e.g. adaptation of texts for different target groups) appears to be promising.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Otte2019,
  author    = {Otte, Fabian},
  title     = {C-Arylglykoside und Chalkone},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43430},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-434305},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {XI, 201},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Im bis heute andauernden Zeitalter der wissenschaftlichen Medizin, konnte ein breites Spektrum von Wirkstoffen zur Behandlung diverser Krankheiten zusammengetragen werden. Dennoch hat es sich die organische Synthesechemie zur Aufgabe gemacht, dieses Spektrum auf neuen oder bekannten Wegen und aus verschiedenen Gr{\"u}nden zu erweitern. Zum einen ist das Vorkommen bestimmter Verbindungen in der Natur h{\"a}ufig limitiert, sodass synthetische Methoden immer {\"o}fter an Stelle eines weniger nachhaltigen Abbaus treten. Zum anderen kann durch Derivatisierung und Wirkstoffanpassung die physiologische Wirkung oder die Bioverf{\"u}gbarkeit eines Wirkstoffes erh{\"o}ht werden. In dieser Arbeit konnten einige Vertreter der bekannten Wirkstoffklassen C-Arylglykoside und Chalkone durch den Schl{\"u}sselschritt der Palladium-katalysierten MATSUDA-HECK-Reaktion synthetisiert werden. Dazu wurden im Fall der C-Arylglykoside zun{\"a}chst unges{\"a}ttigte Kohlenhydrate (Glykale) {\"u}ber eine Ruthenium-katalysierte Zyklisierungsreaktion dargestellt. Diese wurden im Anschluss mit unterschiedlich substituierten Diazoniumsalzen in der oben erw{\"a}hnten Palladium-katalysierten Kupplungsreaktion zur Reaktion gebracht. Bei der Auswertung der analytischen Daten konnte festgestellt werden, dass stets die trans-Diastereomere gebildet wurden. Im Anschluss konnte gezeigt werden, dass die Doppelbindungen dieser Verbindungen durch Hydrierung, Dihydroxylierung oder Epoxidierung funktionalisiert werden k{\"o}nnen. Auf diesem Wege konnte u. a. eine dem Diabetesmedikament Dapagliflozin {\"a}hnliche Verbindung hergestellt werden. Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit wurden Arylallylchromanone durch die MATSUDA-HECK-Reaktion von verschiedenen 8-Allylchromanonen mit Diazoniumsalzen dargestellt. Dabei konnte beobachtet werden, dass eine MOM-Schutzgruppe in 7-Position der Molek{\"u}le die Darstellung von Produktgemischen unterdr{\"u}ckt und jeweils nur eine der m{\"o}glichen Verbindungen gebildet wird. Die Lage der Doppelbindung konnte mittels 2D-NMR-Untersuchungen lokalisiert werden. In Kooperation mit der theoretischen Chemie sollte durch Berechnungen untersucht werden, wie die beobachteten Verbindungen entstehen. Durch eine auftretende Wechselwirkung innerhalb des Molek{\"u}ls konnte allerdings keine explizite Aussage getroffen werden. Im Anschluss sollten die erhaltenen Verbindungen in einer allylischen Oxidation zu Chalkonen umgesetzt werden. Die Ruthenium-katalysierten Methoden zeigten u. a. keine Eignung. Es konnte allerdings eine metallfreie, Mikrowellen-unterst{\"u}tzte Methode erfolgreich erprobt werden, sodass die Darstellung einiger Vertreter dieser physiologisch aktiven Stoffklasse gelang.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Walczak2019,
  author    = {Walczak, Ralf},
  title     = {Molecular design of nitrogen-doped nanoporous noble carbon materials for gas adsorption},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43524},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-435241},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {II, 155},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {In den modernen Gesellschaften f{\"u}hrt ein stetig steigender Energiebedarf zu dem zunehmenden Verbrauch fossiler Brennstoffe wie Kohle, {\"O}l, und Gas. Die Verbrennung dieser kohlenstoffbasierten Brennstoffe f{\"u}hrt unweigerlich zur Freisetzung von Treibhausgasen, vor allem von CO2. Die CO2 Aufnahme unmittelbar bei den Verbrennungsanlagen oder direkt aus der Luft, zusammen mit Regulierung von CO2 produzierenden Energiesektoren (z.B. K{\"u}hlanlagen), k{\"o}nnen den CO2 Ausstoß reduzieren. Allerdings f{\"u}hren insbesondere bei der CO2 Aufnahme die geringen CO2 Konzentrationen und die Aufnahme konkurrierender Gase zu niedrigen CO2 Kapazit{\"a}ten und Selektivit{\"a}ten. Das Zusammenspiel der Gastmolek{\"u}le mit por{\"o}sen Materialien ist dabei essentiell. Por{\"o}se Kohlenstoffmaterialien besitzen attraktive Eigenschaften, unter anderem elektrische Leitf{\"a}higkeit, einstellbare Porosit{\"a}t, als auch chemische und thermische Stabilit{\"a}t. Allerdings f{\"u}hrt die zu geringe Polarisierbarkeit dieser Materialien zu einer geringen Affinit{\"a}t zu polaren Molek{\"u}len (z.B. CO2, H2O, oder NH3). Diese Affinit{\"a}t kann durch den Einbau von Stickstoff erh{\"o}ht werden. Solche Materialien sind oft „edler" als reine Kohlenstoffe, dies bedeutet, dass sie eher oxidierend wirken, als selbst oxidiert zu werden. Die Problematik besteht darin, einen hohen und gleichm{\"a}ßig verteilten Stickstoffgehalt in das Kohlenstoffger{\"u}st einzubauen. Die Zielsetzung dieser Dissertation ist die Erforschung neuer Synthesewege f{\"u}r stickstoffdotierte edle Kohlenstoffmaterialien und die Entwicklung eines grundlegenden Verst{\"a}ndnisses f{\"u}r deren Anwendung in Gasadsorption und elektrochemischer Energiespeicherung. Es wurde eine templatfreie Synthese f{\"u}r stickstoffreiche, edle, und mikropor{\"o}se Kohlenstoffmaterialien durch direkte Kondensation eines stickstoffreichen organischen Molek{\"u}ls als Vorl{\"a}ufer erarbeitet. Dadurch konnten Materialien mit hohen Adsorptionskapazit{\"a}ten f{\"u}r H2O und CO2 bei niedrigen Konzentrationen und moderate CO2/N2 Selektivit{\"a}ten erzielt werden. Um die CO2/N2 Selektivit{\"a}ten zu verbessern, wurden mittels der Einstellung des Kondensationsgrades die molekulare Struktur und Porosit{\"a}t der Kohlenstoffmaterialien kontrolliert. Diese Materialien besitzen die Eigenschaften eines molekularen Siebs f{\"u}r CO2 {\"u}ber N2, das zu herausragenden CO2/N2 Selektivit{\"a}ten f{\"u}hrt. Der ultrahydrophile Charakter der Porenoberfl{\"a}chen und die kleinen Mikroporen dieser Kohlenstoffmaterialien erm{\"o}glichen grundlegende Untersuchungen f{\"u}r die Wechselwirkungen mit Molek{\"u}len die polarer sind als CO2, n{\"a}mlich H2O und NH3. Eine weitere Reihe stickstoffdotierter Kohlenstoffmaterialien wurde durch Kondensation eines konjugierten mikropor{\"o}sen Polymers synthetisiert und deren strukturelle Besonderheiten als Anodenmaterial f{\"u}r die Natriumionen Batterie untersucht. Diese Dissertation leistet einen Beitrag zur Erforschung stickstoffdotierter Kohlenstoffmaterialien und deren Wechselwirkungen mit verschiedenen Gastmolek{\"u}len.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Kagel2019,
  author    = {Kagel, Heike},
  title     = {Light-induced pH cycle},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43435},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-434353},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {VI, 118},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Background Many biochemical reactions depend on the pH of their environment and some are strongly accelerated in an acidic surrounding. A classical approach to control biochemical reactions non-invasivly is by changing the temperature. However, if the pH could be controlled by optical means using photo-active chemicals, this would mean to be able to accelerate suitable biochemical reactions. Optically switching the pH can be achieved by using photoacids. A photoacid is a molecule with a functional group that releases a proton upon irradiation with the suitable wavelength, acidifying the environmental aqueous surrounding. A major goal of this work was to establish a non-invasive method of optically controlling the pH in aqueous solutions, offering the opportunity to enhance the known chemical reactions portfolio. To demonstrate the photo-switchable pH cycling we chose an enzymatic assay using acid phosphatase, which is an enzyme with a strong pH dependent activity. Results In this work we could demonstrate a light-induced, reversible control of the enzymatic activity of acid phosphatase non-invasivly. To successfully conduct those experiments a high power LED array was designed and built, suitable for a 96 well standard microtiter plate, not being commercially available. Heat management and a lateral ventilation system to avoid heat accumulation were established and a stable light intensity achieved. Different photoacids were characterised and their pH dependent absorption spectra recorded. By using the reversible photoacid G-acid as a proton donor, the pH can be changed reversibly using high power UV 365 nm LEDs. To demonstrate the pH cycling, acid phosphatase with hydrolytic activity under acidic conditions was chosen. An assay using the photoacid together with the enzyme was established, also providing that G-acid does not inhibit acid phosphatase. The feasibility of reversibly regulating the enzyme's pH dependent activity by optical means was demonstrated, by controlling the enzymatic activity with light. It was demonstrated that the enzyme activity depends on the light exposure time only. When samples are not illuminated and left in the dark, no enzymatic activity was recorded. The process can be rapidly controlled by simply switching the light on and off and should be applicable to a wide range of enzymes and biochemical reactions. Conclusions Reversible photoacids offer a light-dependent regulation of pH, making them extremely attractive for miniaturizable, non-invasive and time-resolved control of biochemical reactions. Many enzymes have a sharp pH dependent activity, thus the established setup in this thesis could be used for a versatile enzyme portfolio. Even though the demonstrated photo-switchable strategy could also be used for non-enzymatic assays, greatly facilitating the assay establishment. Photoacids have the potential for high throughput methods and automation. We demonstrated that it is possible to control photoacids using commonly available LEDs, making their use in highly integrated devices and instruments more attractive. The successfully designed 96 well high power UV LED array presents an opportunity for general combinatorial analysis in e.g. photochemistry, where a high light intensity is needed for the investigation of various reactions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Korges2019,
  author    = {Korges, Maximilian},
  title     = {Constraining the hydrology of intrusion-related ore deposits with fluid inclusions and numerical modeling},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43484},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-434843},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {VIII, 99},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Magmatic-hydrothermal fluids are responsible for numerous mineralization types, including porphyry copper and granite related tin-tungsten (Sn-W) deposits. Ore formation is dependent on various factors, including, the pressure and temperature regime of the intrusions, the chemical composition of the magma and hydrothermal fluids, and fluid rock interaction during the ascent. Fluid inclusions have potential to provide direct information on the temperature, salinity, pressure and chemical composition of fluids responsible for ore formation. Numerical modeling allows the parametrization of pluton features that cannot be analyzed directly via geological observations. Microthermometry of fluid inclusions from the Zinnwald Sn-W deposit, Erzgebirge, Germany / Czech Republic, provide evidence that the greisen mineralization is associated with a low salinity (2-10 wt.\% NaCl eq.) fluid with homogenization temperatures between 350°C and 400°C. Quartzes from numerous veins are host to inclusions with the same temperatures and salinities, whereas cassiterite- and wolframite-hosted assemblages with slightly lower temperatures (around 350°C) and higher salinities (ca. 15 wt. NaCl eq.). Further, rare quartz samples contained boiling assemblages consisting of coexisting brine and vapor phases. The formation of ore minerals within the greisen is driven by invasive fluid-rock interaction, resulting in the loss of complexing agents (Cl-) leading to precipitation of cassiterite. The fluid inclusion record in the veins suggests boiling as the main reason for cassiterite and wolframite mineralization. Ore and coexisting gangue minerals hosted different types of fluid inclusions where the beginning boiling processes are solely preserved by the ore minerals emphasizing the importance of microthermometry in ore minerals. Further, the study indicates that boiling as a precipitation mechanism can only occur in mineralization related to shallow intrusions whereas deeper plutons prevent the fluid from boiling and can therefore form tungsten mineralization in the distal regions. The tin mineralization in the H{\"a}mmerlein deposit, Erzgebirge, Germany, occurs within a skarn horizon and the underlying schist. Cassiterite within the skarn contains highly saline (30-50 wt\% NaCl eq.) fluid inclusions, with homogenization temperatures up to 500°C, whereas cassiterites from the schist and additional greisen samples contain inclusions of lower salinity (~5 wt\% NaCl eq.) and temperature (between 350 and 400°C). Inclusions in the gangue minerals (quartz, fluorite) preserve homogenization temperatures below 350°C and sphalerite showed the lowest homogenization temperatures (ca. 200°C) whereby all minerals (cassiterite from schist and greisen, gangue minerals and sphalerite) show similar salinity ranges (2-5 wt\% NaCl eq.). Similar trace element contents and linear trends in the chemistry of the inclusions suggest a common source fluid. The inclusion record in the H{\"a}mmerlein deposit documents an early exsolution of hot brines from the underlying granite which is responsible for the mineralization hosted by the skarn. Cassiterites in schist and greisen are mainly forming due to fluid-rock interaction at lower temperatures. The low temperature inclusions documented in the sphalerite mineralization as well as their generally low trace element composition in comparison to the other minerals suggests that their formation was induced by mixing with meteoric fluids. Numerical simulations of magma chambers and overlying copper distribution document the importance of incremental growth by sills. We analyzed the cooling behavior at variable injection intervals as well as sill thicknesses. The models suggest that magma accumulation requires volumetric injection rates of at least 4 x 10-4 km³/y. These injection rates are further needed to form a stable magmatic-hydrothermal fluid plume above the magma chamber to ensure a constant copper precipitation and enrichment within a confined location in order to form high-grade ore shells within a narrow geological timeframe between 50 and 100 kyrs as suggested for porphyry copper deposits. The highest copper enrichment can be found in regions with steep temperature gradients, typical of regions where the magmatic-hydrothermal fluid meets the cooler ambient fluids.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Laudan2019,
  author    = {Laudan, Jonas},
  title     = {Changing susceptibility of flood-prone residents in Germany},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43442},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-434421},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {113},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Floods are among the most costly natural hazards that affect Europe and Germany, demanding a continuous adaptation of flood risk management. While social and economic development in recent years altered the flood risk patterns mainly with regard to an increase in flood exposure, different flood events are further expected to increase in frequency and severity in certain European regions due to climate change. As a result of recent major flood events in Germany, the German flood risk management shifted to more integrated approaches that include private precaution and preparation to reduce the damage on exposed assets. Yet, detailed insights into the preparedness decisions of flood-prone households remain scarce, especially in connection to mental impacts and individual coping strategies after being affected by different flood types. This thesis aims to gain insights into flash floods as a costly hazard in certain German regions and compares the damage driving factors to the damage driving factors of river floods. Furthermore, psychological impacts as well as the effects on coping and mitigation behaviour of flood-affected households are assessed. In this context, psychological models such as the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) and methods such as regressions and Bayesian statistics are used to evaluate influencing factors on the mental coping after an event and to identify psychological variables that are connected to intended private flood mitigation. The database consists of surveys that were conducted among affected households after major river floods in 2013 and flash floods in 2016. The main conclusions that can be drawn from this thesis reveal that the damage patterns and damage driving factors of strong flash floods differ significantly from those of river floods due to a rapid flow origination process, higher flow velocities and flow forces. However, the effects on mental coping of people that have been affected by flood events appear to be weakly influenced by different flood types, but yet show a coherence to the event severity, where often thinking of the respective event is pronounced and also connected to a higher mitigation motivation. The mental coping and preparation after floods is further influenced by a good information provision and a social environment, which encourages a positive attitude towards private mitigation. As an overall recommendation, approaches for an integrated flood risk management in Germany should be followed that also take flash floods into account and consider psychological characteristics of affected households to support and promote private flood mitigation. Targeted information campaigns that concern coping options and discuss current flood risks are important to better prepare for future flood hazards in Germany.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Krejca2019,
  author    = {Krejca, Martin Stefan},
  title     = {Theoretical analyses of univariate estimation-of-distribution algorithms},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43487},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-434870},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xii, 243},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Optimization is a core part of technological advancement and is usually heavily aided by computers. However, since many optimization problems are hard, it is unrealistic to expect an optimal solution within reasonable time. Hence, heuristics are employed, that is, computer programs that try to produce solutions of high quality quickly. One special class are estimation-of-distribution algorithms (EDAs), which are characterized by maintaining a probabilistic model over the problem domain, which they evolve over time. In an iterative fashion, an EDA uses its model in order to generate a set of solutions, which it then uses to refine the model such that the probability of producing good solutions is increased. In this thesis, we theoretically analyze the class of univariate EDAs over the Boolean domain, that is, over the space of all length-n bit strings. In this setting, the probabilistic model of a univariate EDA consists of an n-dimensional probability vector where each component denotes the probability to sample a 1 for that position in order to generate a bit string. My contribution follows two main directions: first, we analyze general inherent properties of univariate EDAs. Second, we determine the expected run times of specific EDAs on benchmark functions from theory. In the first part, we characterize when EDAs are unbiased with respect to the problem encoding. We then consider a setting where all solutions look equally good to an EDA, and we show that the probabilistic model of an EDA quickly evolves into an incorrect model if it is always updated such that it does not change in expectation. In the second part, we first show that the algorithms cGA and MMAS-fp are able to efficiently optimize a noisy version of the classical benchmark function OneMax. We perturb the function by adding Gaussian noise with a variance of σ², and we prove that the algorithms are able to generate the true optimum in a time polynomial in σ² and the problem size n. For the MMAS-fp, we generalize this result to linear functions. Further, we prove a run time of Ω(n log(n)) for the algorithm UMDA on (unnoisy) OneMax. Last, we introduce a new algorithm that is able to optimize the benchmark functions OneMax and LeadingOnes both in O(n log(n)), which is a novelty for heuristics in the domain we consider.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Langhammer2019,
  author    = {Langhammer, Maria},
  title     = {Simulating biodiversity responses to land use mosaics in agricultural landscapes},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Gross2019,
  author    = {Groß, Sascha},
  title     = {Detecting and mitigating information flow threats in Android OS},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {93},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Arf2019,
  author    = {Arf, Shelan Ali},
  title     = {Women's everyday reality of social insecurity},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43433},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-434333},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {334},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Since 1980 Iraq passed through various wars and conflicts including Iraq-Iran war, Saddam Hussein's the Anfals and Halabja campaigns against the Kurds and the killing campaigns against Shiite in 1986, Saddam Hussein's invasion of Kuwait in August 1990, the Gulf war in 1990, Iraq war in 2003 and the fall of Saddam, the conflicts and chaos in the transmission of power after the death of Saddam, and the war against ISIS . All these wars left severe impacts in most households in Iraq; on women and children in particular. The consequences of such long wars could be observed in all sectors including economic, social, cultural and religious sectors. The social structure, norms and attitudes are intensely affected. Many women specifically divorced women found them-selves in challenging different difficulties such as social as well as economic situations. Thus the divorced women in Iraqi Kurdistan are the focus of this research. Considering the fact that there is very few empirical researches on this topic, a constructivist grounded theory methodology (CGT) is viewed as reliable in order to come up with a comprehensive picture about the everyday life of divorced women in Iraqi Kurdistan. Data collected in Sulaimani city in Iraqi Kurdistan. The work of Kathy Charmaz was chosen to be the main methodological context of the research and the main data collection method was individual intensive narrative interviews with divorced women. Women generally and divorced women specifically in Iraqi Kurdistan are living in a patriarchal society that passing through many changes due to the above mentioned wars among many other factors. This research is trying to study the everyday life of divorced women in such situations and the forms of social insecurity they are experiencing. The social institutions starting from the family as a very significant institution for women to the governmental and non-governmental institutions that are working to support women, and the copying strategies, are in focus in this research. The main research argument is that the family is playing ambivalent roles in divorced women's life. For instance, on one side families are revealed to be an essential source of security to most respondents, on the other side families posed also many threats and restrictions on those women. This argument supported by what called by Suad joseph "the paradox of support and suppression" . Another important finding is that the stat institution(laws , constitutions ,Offices of combating violence against woman and family) are supporting women somehow and offering them protection from the insecurities but it is clear that the existence of the laws does not stop the violence against women in Iraqi Kurdistan, As explained by Pateman because the laws /the contract is a sexual-social contract that upholds the sex rights of males and grants them more privileges than females. The political instability, Tribal social norms also play a major role in influencing the rule of law. It is noteworthy to refer that analyzing the interviews in this research showed that in spite that divorced women living in insecurities and facing difficulties but most of the respondents try to find a coping strategies to tackle difficult situations and to deal with the violence they face; these strategies are bargaining, sometimes compromising or resisting …etc. Different theories used to explain these coping strategies such as bargaining with patriarchy. Kandiyoti who stated that women living under certain restraints struggle to find way and strategies to enhance their situations. The research finding also revealed that the western liberal feminist view of agency is limited this is agree with Saba Mahmood and what she explained about Muslim women agency. For my respondents, who are divorced women, their agency reveals itself in different ways, in resisting or compromising with or even obeying the power of male relatives, and the normative system in the society. Agency is also explained the behavior of women contacting formal state institutions in cases of violence like the police or Offices of combating violence against woman and family.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Burde2019,
  author    = {Burde, Julia},
  title     = {Die Begradigung der Taillenkontur in der M{\"a}nnermode},
  series = {Fashion Studies ; 9},
  journal   = {Fashion Studies ; 9},
  publisher = {transcript},
  address   = {Bielefeld},
  isbn      = {978-3-8376-4940-6},
  doi       = {10.14361/9783839449400},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {230},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Die m{\"a}nnliche Taille ist ein in der Forschung bisher ausgesparter Bereich, von welchem jedoch f{\"u}r die Entwicklung der M{\"a}nnermode wesentliche Impulse ausgingen. Im Zentrum von Julia Burdes Buch steht der sich mit der Mode wandelnde m{\"a}nnliche Modek{\"o}rper als Diskurs der Schneiderei im 18. und 19. Jahrhundert. Burde zeigt, wie sich die M{\"a}nnermode von einem erst sichelf{\"o}rmig durchgebogenen, dann schmal taillierten K{\"o}rper - modelliert aus Watte und Stoff - zu einem modernen K{\"o}rper in gerade geschnittener Kleidung entwickelte, von dessen Anatomie sich das Schnittmuster losgel{\"o}st hat. Anhand zeitgen{\"o}ssischer Quellen wird dabei deutlich, wie Herrenschneider K{\"o}rper im Zuschnitt konstruierten und Mode durch gezieltes Lancieren von Modeberichten beeinflussten.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Fiedler2019,
  author    = {Fiedler, Bernhard},
  title     = {Change-point detection for seismicity parameters},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {129},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Britzke2019,
  author    = {Britzke, Sonja},
  title     = {\S 217 StGB im Lichte des strafrechtlichen Rechtsgutskonzeptes},
  series = {Studien zum Strafrecht ; 100},
  journal   = {Studien zum Strafrecht ; 100},
  publisher = {Nomos},
  address   = {Baden-Baden},
  isbn      = {978-3-8487-6129-6},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {256},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {\S 217 StGB reiht sich in andere kriminalpolitische Projekte des Gesetzgebers ein, die sich dem Einwand des fehlenden Rechtsgutsbezugs ausgesetzt sehen. Die Untersuchung zeigt auf, dass der Gesetzgeber mit der Einf{\"u}hrung des \S 217 StGB den Zweck des Strafrechts als „ultima-ratio" des Rechtsg{\"u}terschutzes verfehlt hat. Auch wenn er mit der Norm den Schutz von Leben und Autonomie bezweckt hat, ist ihm die Umsetzung des Schutzes dieser Rechtsg{\"u}ter nicht gelungen. Die Vorschrift dient vielmehr dem Zweck der Verhinderung einer Suizidkultur. Nach der systemkritischen Rechtsgutslehre kann ein solcher „moralischer" Zweck jedoch kein strafrechtlich zu sch{\"u}tzendes Rechtsgut darstellen. Da eine Aufhebung der Vorschrift durch das Bundesverfassungsgericht wenig wahrscheinlich erscheint, schließt sich der Rechtsgutsdiskussion eine praxisorientierte Auslegung der Norm unter dem Gesichtspunkt des {\"u}berindividuellen Zwecks, der Verhinderung einer Suizidkultur, an.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Tian2019,
  author    = {Tian, Zhihong},
  title     = {Oxygen-, Sulfur-doped Novel Porous Carbon-Nitrogen Frameworks by Salt Melt Method},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {101},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Lai2019,
  author    = {Lai, Feili},
  title     = {Functionalized ordered mesoporous carbon materials for enhancing the energy density of supercapacitors},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {115},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Sarhan2019,
  author    = {Sarhan, Radwan Mohamed},
  title     = {Plasmon-driven photocatalytic reactions monitored by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43330},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-433304},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Plasmonic metal nanostructures can be tuned to efficiently interact with light, converting the photons into energetic charge carriers and heat. Therefore, the plasmonic nanoparticles such as gold and silver nanoparticles act as nano-reactors, where the molecules attached to their surfaces benefit from the enhanced electromagnetic field along with the generated energetic charge carriers and heat for possible chemical transformations. Hence, plasmonic chemistry presents metal nanoparticles as a unique playground for chemical reactions on the nanoscale remotely controlled by light. However, defining the elementary concepts behind these reactions represents the main challenge for understanding their mechanism in the context of the plasmonically assisted chemistry. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a powerful technique employing the plasmon-enhanced electromagnetic field, which can be used for probing the vibrational modes of molecules adsorbed on plasmonic nanoparticles. In this cumulative dissertation, I use SERS to probe the dimerization reaction of 4-nitrothiophenol (4-NTP) as a model example of plasmonic chemistry. I first demonstrate that plasmonic nanostructures such as gold nanotriangles and nanoflowers have a high SERS efficiency, as evidenced by probing the vibrations of the rhodamine dye R6G and the 4-nitrothiophenol 4-NTP. The high signal enhancement enabled the measurements of SERS spectra with a short acquisition time, which allows monitoring the kinetics of chemical reactions in real time. To get insight into the reaction mechanism, several time-dependent SERS measurements of the 4-NTP have been performed under different laser and temperature conditions. Analysis of the results within a mechanistic framework has shown that the plasmonic heating significantly enhances the reaction rate, while the reaction is probably initiated by the energetic electrons. The reaction was shown to be intensity-dependent, where a certain light intensity is required to drive the reaction. Finally, first attempts to scale up the plasmonic catalysis have been performed showing the necessity to achieve the reaction threshold intensity. Meanwhile, the induced heat needs to quickly dissipate from the reaction substrate, since otherwise the reactants and the reaction platform melt. This study might open the way for further work seeking the possibilities to quickly dissipate the plasmonic heat generated during the reaction and therefore, scaling up the plasmonic catalysis.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Ramachandran2019,
  author    = {Ramachandran, Varsha},
  title     = {Massive star evolution, star formation, and feedback at low metallicity},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43245},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432455},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {291},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {The goal of this thesis is to broaden the empirical basis for a better, comprehensive understanding of massive star evolution, star formation and feedback at low metallicity. Low metallicity massive stars are a key to understand the early universe. Quantitative information on metal-poor massive stars was sparse before. The quantitative spectroscopic studies of massive star populations associated with large-scale ISM structures were not performed at low metallicity before, but are important to investigate star-formation histories and feedback in detail. Much of this work relies on spectroscopic observations with VLT-FLAMES of ~500 OB stars in the Magellanic Clouds. When available, the optical spectroscopy was complemented by UV spectra from the HST, IUE, and FUSE archives. The two representative young stellar populations that have been studied are associated with the superbubble N 206 in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and with the supergiant shell SMC-SGS 1 in the Wing of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), respectively. We performed spectroscopic analyses of the massive stars using the nonLTE Potsdam Wolf-Rayet (PoWR) model atmosphere code. We estimated the stellar, wind, and feedback parameters of the individual massive stars and established their statistical distributions. The mass-loss rates of N206 OB stars are consistent with theoretical expectations for LMC metallicity. The most massive and youngest stars show nitrogen enrichment at their surface and are found to be slower rotators than the rest of the sample. The N 206 complex has undergone star formation episodes since more than 30 Myr, with a current star formation rate higher than average in the LMC. The spatial age distribution of stars across the complex possibly indicates triggered star formation due to the expansion of the superbubble. Three very massive, young Of stars in the region dominate the ionizing and mechanical feedback among hundreds of other OB stars in the sample. The current stellar wind feedback rate from the two WR stars in the complex is comparable to that released by the whole OB sample. We see only a minor fraction of this stellar wind feedback converted into X-ray emission. In this LMC complex, stellar winds and supernovae equally contribute to the total energy feedback, which eventually powered the central superbubble. However, the total energy input accumulated over the time scale of the superbubble significantly exceeds the observed energy content of the complex. The lack of energy along with the morphology of the complex suggests a leakage of hot gas from the superbubble. With a detailed spectroscopic study of massive stars in SMC-SGS 1, we provide the stellar and wind parameters of a large sample of OB stars at low metallicity, including those in the lower mass-range. The stellar rotation velocities show a broad, tentatively bimodal distribution, with Be stars being among the fastest. A few very luminous O stars are found close to the main sequence, while all other, slightly evolved stars obey a strict luminosity limit. Considering additional massive stars in evolved stages, with published parameters and located all over the SMC, essentially confirms this picture. The comparison with single-star evolutionary tracks suggests a dichotomy in the fate of massive stars in the SMC. Only stars with an initial mass below 30 solar masses seem to evolve from the main sequence to the cool side of the HRD to become a red supergiant and to explode as type II-P supernova. In contrast, more massive stars appear to stay always hot and might evolve quasi chemically homogeneously, finally collapsing to relatively massive black holes. However, we find no indication that chemical mixing is correlated with rapid rotation. We measured the key parameters of stellar feedback and established the links between the rates of star formation and supernovae. Our study demonstrates that in metal-poor environments stellar feedback is dominated by core-collapse supernovae in combination with winds and ionizing radiation supplied by a few of the most massive stars. We found indications of the stochastic mode of star formation, where the resulting stellar population is fully capable of producing large-scale structures such as the supergiant shell SMC-SGS 1 in the Wing. The low level of feedback in metal-poor stellar populations allows star formation episodes to persist over long timescales. Our study showcases the importance of quantitative spectroscopy of massive stars with adequate stellar-atmosphere models in order to understand star-formation, evolution, and feedback. The stellar population analyses in the LMC and SMC make us understand that massive stars and their impact can be very different depending on their environment. Obviously, due to their different metallicity, the massive stars in the LMC and the SMC follow different evolutionary paths. Their winds differ significantly, and the key feedback agents are different. As a consequence, the star formation can proceed in different modes.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Neukranz2019,
  author    = {Neukranz, Yannika},
  title     = {MOCS3 and its role in molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, tRNA thiolation and other cellular pathways in humans},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {135},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Schiro2019,
  author    = {Schiro, Gabriele},
  title     = {Spatial distribution of phyllosphere fungi in topographically heterogeneous wheat fields},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {105},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{BernaschinaSchuermann2019,
  author    = {Bernaschina Sch{\"u}rmann, Vicente},
  title     = {{\´A}ngeles que cantan de continuo},
  isbn      = {978-3-86956-459-3},
  issn      = {2629-2548},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42645},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-426450},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {387},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Objeto de esta investigaci{\´o}n es el auge y ca{\´i}da de una legitimaci{\´o}n teol{\´o}gica de la poes{\´i}a que tuvo lugar en el virreinato del Per{\´u} entre fines del siglo XVI y la segunda mitad del siglo XVII. Su punto c{\´u}lmine est{\´a} marcado por el surgimiento de una "Academia Ant{\´a}rtica" en las primeras d{\´e}cadas del siglo XVII, mientras que su fin, se aprecia a fines del mismo siglo, cuando eruditos de las {\´o}rdenes religiosas, especialmente Juan de Espinosa y Medrano en sus textos en defensa de la poes{\´i}a y las ciencias, negaron a la poes{\´i}a cualquier estatuto teol{\´o}gico, sirvi{\´e}ndose sin embargo de ella para escribir sus sermones y textos. A partir del auge y ca{\´i}da de esta legitimaci{\´o}n teol{\´o}gica en el virreinato del Per{\´u}, este estudio muestra la existencia de dos movimientos que forman un quiasmo entre una teologizaci{\´o}n de la poes{\´i}a y una poetizaci{\´o}n de la teolog{\´i}a, en cuyo centro velado se encuentra en disputa el saber te{\´o}rico y pr{\´a}ctico de la poes{\´i}a. Lo que est{\´a} en disputa en este sentido no es la poes{\´i}a, entendida como una cumbre de las bellas letras, sino la posesi{\´o}n leg{\´i}tima de un modo de lectura anal{\´o}gico y tipol{\´o}gico del orden del universo, fundado en las Sagradas Escrituras y en la historia de la salvaci{\´o}n, y un modo po{\´e}tico para doctrinar a todos los miembros de la sociedad virreinal en concordancia con aquel modo de lectura.},
  language  = {es}
}
@phdthesis{Gabriel2019,
  author    = {Gabriel, Christina},
  title     = {Entwicklung neuer St{\"a}rkederivate f{\"u}r die Anwendung als wasserbasierte Filmbildner in Farben und Lacken},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43294},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432942},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {XVIII, 160, xxxix, x1},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {In den letzten Jahrzehnten fand auch in der Beschichtungsindustrie ein Umdenken hin zu umweltfreundlicheren Farben und Lacken statt. Allerdings basieren auch neue L{\"o}sungen meist nicht auf Biopolymeren und in einem noch geringeren Anteil auf wasserbasierten Beschichtungssystemen aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen. Dies stellt den Ankn{\"u}pfungspunkt dieser Arbeit dar, in der untersucht wurde, ob das Biopolymer St{\"a}rke das Potenzial zum wasserbasierten Filmbildner f{\"u}r Farben und Lacke besitzt. Dabei m{\"u}ssen angelehnt an etablierte synthetische Marktprodukte die folgenden Kriterien erf{\"u}llt werden: Die w{\"a}ssrige Dispersion muss mindestens einen 30\%igen Feststoffgehalt haben, bei Raumtemperatur verarbeitet werden k{\"o}nnen und Viskosit{\"a}ten zwischen 10^2-10^3 mPa·s aufweisen. Die finale Beschichtung muss einen geschlossenen Film bilden und sehr gute Haftfestigkeiten zu einer spezifischen Oberfl{\"a}che, in dieser Arbeit Glas, besitzen. Als Grundlage f{\"u}r die Modifizierung der St{\"a}rke wurde eine Kombination von molekularem Abbau und chemischer Funktionalisierung ausgew{\"a}hlt. Da nicht bekannt war, welchen Einfluss die St{\"a}rkeart, die gew{\"a}hlte Abbaureaktion als auch verschiedene Substituenten auf die Dispersionsherstellung und deren Eigenschaften sowie die Beschichtungseigenschaften aus{\"u}ben k{\"o}nnten, wurden die strukturellen Parameter getrennt voneinander untersucht. Das erste Themengebiet beinhaltete den oxidativen Abbau von Kartoffel- und Palerbsenst{\"a}rke mittels des Hypochlorit-Abbaus (OCl-) und des ManOx-Abbaus (H2O2, KMnO4). Mit beiden Abbaureaktionen konnten vergleichbare gewichtsmittlere Molmassen (Mw) von 2·10^5-10^6 g/mol (GPC-MALS) hergestellt werden. Allerdings f{\"u}hrten die gew{\"a}hlten Reaktionsbedingungen beim ManOx-Abbau zur Bildung von Gelpartikeln. Diese lagen im µm-Bereich (DLS und Kryo-REM-Messungen) und hatten zur Folge, dass die ManOx-Proben deutlich erh{\"o}hte Viskosit{\"a}ten (c: 7,5 \%; 9-260 mPa·s) im Vergleich zu den OCl--Proben (4-10 mPa·s) bei scherverd{\"u}nnendem Verhalten besaßen und die Eigenschaften von viskoelastischen Gelen (G' > G'') zeigten. Des Weiteren wiesen sie reduzierte Heißwasserl{\"o}slichkeiten (95 °C, vorrangig: 70-99 \%) auf. Der OCl--Abbau f{\"u}hrte zu hydrophileren (Carboxylgruppengehalt bis zu 6,1 \%; ManOx: bis zu 3,1 \%), nach 95 °C-Behandlung vollst{\"a}ndig wasserl{\"o}slichen abgebauten St{\"a}rken, die ein Newtonsches Fließverhalten mit Eigenschaften einer viskoelastischen Fl{\"u}ssigkeit (G'' > G') hatten. Die OCl--Proben konnten im Vergleich zu den ManOx-Produkten (10-20 \%) zu konzentrierteren Dispersionen (20-40 \%) verarbeitet werden, die gleichzeitig die Einschr{\"a}nkung von anwendungsrelevanten Mw auf < 7·10^5 g/mol zuließen (Konzentration sollte > 30 \% sein). Außerdem f{\"u}hrten nur die OCl--Proben der Kartoffelst{\"a}rke zu transparenten (alle anderen waren opak) geschlossenen Beschichtungsfilmen. Somit hebt sich die Kombination von OCl--Abbau und Kartoffelst{\"a}rke mit Hinblick auf die Endanwendung ab. Das zweite Themengebiet umfasste Untersuchungen zum Einfluss von Ester- und Hydroxyalkylether-Substituenten auf Basis einer industriell abgebauten Kartoffelst{\"a}rke (Mw: 1,2·10^5 g/mol) vor allem auf die Dispersionsherstellung, die rheologischen Eigenschaften der Dispersionen und die Beschichtungseigenschaften in Kombination mit Glassubstraten. Dazu wurden Ester und Ether mit DS/MS-Werten von 0,07-0,91 synthetisiert. Die Derivate konnten zu wasserbasierten Dispersionen mit Konzentrationen von 30-45 \% verarbeitet werden, wobei bei hydrophoberen Modifikaten ein Co-L{\"o}semittel, Diethylenglycolmonobutylether (DEGBE), eingesetzt werden musste. Die Feststoffgehalte sanken dabei f{\"u}r beide Derivatklassen vor allem mit zunehmender Alkylkettenl{\"a}nge. Die anwendungsrelevanten Viskosit{\"a}ten (323-1240 mPa·s) stiegen auf Grund von Wechselwirkungen tendenziell mit DS/MS und Alkylkettenl{\"a}nge an. Hinsichtlich der Beschichtungseigenschaften erwiesen sich die Ester vergleichend zu den Ethern als die bevorzugte Substituentenklasse, da nur die Ester geschlossene, defektfreie und mehrheitlich transparente Beschichtungsfilme bildeten, die exzellente bis sehr gute Haftfestigkeiten (ISO Klasse: 0 und 1) auf Glas besaßen. Die Ether bildeten mehrheitlich br{\"u}chige Filme. Basierend auf der Kombination der Ergebnisse aus L{\"o}semittelaustausch, den rheologischen Untersuchungen und zus{\"a}tzlichen Oberfl{\"a}chenspannungsmessungen (30-61 mN/m) konnte geschlossen werden, dass wahrscheinlich fehlende oder schlechte Haftfestigkeiten vorrangig akkumuliertem Wasser in den Beschichtungsfilmen (visuell: tr{\"u}b oder weiß) geschuldet sind, w{\"a}hrend die Br{\"u}chigkeit vermutlich auf Wechselwirkungen (H-Br{\"u}cken Wechselwirkungen, hydrophobe Wechselwirkungen) zwischen den Polymeren zur{\"u}ckgef{\"u}hrt werden kann. Insgesamt scheint die Kombination aus Kartoffelst{\"a}rke basierend auf dem OCl--Abbau mit Mw < 7·10^5 g/mol und einem Estersubstituenten eine gute Wahl f{\"u}r wasserbasierte Dispersionen mit hohen Feststoffkonzentrationen (> 30 \%), guter Filmbildung und exzellenten Haftungen auf Glas zu sein.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Coch2019,
  author    = {Coch, Caroline},
  title     = {The changing Arctic freshwater system},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xi, 113, xxxvii},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{PerezMedrano2019,
  author    = {P{\´e}rez Medrano, Cuauht{\´e}moc},
  title     = {Ficci{\´o}n her{\´e}tica},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-86956-454-8},
  issn      = {2629-2548},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42449},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-424490},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {226},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Mit der kubanischen Wirtschaftskrise entstanden neue literarische Gestaltungsprozesse nationaler Identit{\"a}tskonstruktionen. Die vorliegende Analyse geht der zeitgen{\"o}ssischen Literatur Kubas nach, in der soziale, kulturelle und politische Paradoxe der post-revolution{\"a}ren Weltanschauung zum Vorschein kommen und der Figur der „Insel" bzw. „Insularit{\"a}t" eine große Bedeutung f{\"u}r die Neukonfiguration der Nation zukommt. Die „Insularit{\"a}t" dr{\"u}ckt in literarischen Texten verschiedene Aneignungen des Raumes und somit auch eine Weltanschauungen aus. Die literarische Figur der „Insel" kann hypothetisch als „visuelles Ph{\"a}nomen" (Ette 2002) konzipiert werden, das durch soziokulturelle Umst{\"a}nde konfiguriert wird. Unterschiedliche postkommunistische Erfahrungen bilden sog. „erlebnisweltliche" Repr{\"a}sentationen und somit literarische und soziale Identit{\"a}tsbilder. Im Verlauf der Zeit werden die Metapher der „Insel" bzw. der „Insularit{\"a}t" anders beschrieben. Erste Untersuchungen der Metapher der „Insel" bzw. der „Insularit{\"a}t" finden sich in den Texten Noche insular (Lezama Lima 2000) und La isla en peso (Pi{\~n}era 1998). Die Metapher wird in den Begrifflichkeiten der „Simulation" und „Dissimulation" (Sarduy 1982) oder auch einer „visuellen Erscheinung" als „Grund-Ekphrasis" (Pimentel 2001) beschrieben. Demgegen{\"u}ber stellen sp{\"a}tere Arbeiten die literarische Figur der „Insel" als ein Instrument der Dekonstruktion der Nationalliteratur Kubas dar (Rojas 1998; Nuez 1998, Benitez Rojo 1998). In zeitgen{\"o}ssischen Analysen wird die Metapher in ihrer jeweiligen Beziehungen zur Repr{\"a}sentation und zum „Lebenswissen" (Ette 2010) herausgearbeitet. Die Repr{\"a}sentation der "Insel" bzw. der "Insularit{\"a}t" wird in der vorliegenden Arbeit anhand des soziokulturellen Kontextes in den letzten dreißig Jahren u.a. in den Romanen von Abilio Estevez Tuyo es el reino (1998), Atilio Caballero La {\´u}ltima playa (1999), Daniel D{\´i}az Mantilla Regreso a Utop{\´i}a (2007) sowie den Erz{\"a}hlungen von Ena Lucia Portela Huracan (2000), Antonio Jos{\´e} Ponte Un nuevo arte de hacer ruinas (2005), Emerio Medina Isla (2005), Orlando Lu{\´i}s Pardo Tokionama (2009), Ahmel Echeverria Isla (2014) und Anesly Negr{\´i}n Isla a mediod{\´i}a (2014) untersucht.},
  language  = {es}
}
@phdthesis{Schirmer2019,
  author    = {Schirmer, Annika},
  title     = {Consistent individual differences in movement-related behaviour as equalising and/or stabilising mechanisms for species coexistence},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {154},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {The facilitation of species coexistence has been a central theme in ecological research for years, highlighting two key aspects: ecological niches and competition between species. According to the competitive exclusion principle, the overlap of species niches predicts the amount of shared resources and therefore competition between species, determining their ability to coexist. Only if niches of two species are sufficiently different, thus niche overlap is low, competition within species is higher than competition between species and stable coexistence is possible. Thereby, differences in species mean traits are focused on and conspecific individuals are assumed to be interchangeable. This approach might be outdated since behaviour, as a key aspect mediating niche differentiation between species, is individual based. Individuals from one species consistently differ across time and situations in their behavioural traits. Causes and consequences of consistent behavioural differences have been thoroughly investigated stimulating their recent incorporation into ecological interactions and niche theory. Spatial components have so far been largely overlooked, although animal movement is strongly connected to several aspects of ecological niches and interactions between individuals. Furthermore, numerous movement aspects haven been proven to be crucially influenced by consistent individual differences. Considering spatial parameters could therefore crucially broaden our understanding of how individual niches are formed and ecological interactions are shaped. Furthermore, extending established concepts on species interactions by an individual component could provide new insights into how species coexistence is facilitated and local biodiversity is maintained. The main aim of this thesis was to test whether consistent inter-individual differences can facilitate the coexistence of ecological similar species. Therefore, the effects of consistent inter-individual differences on the spatial behaviour of two rodent species, the bank vole (Myodes glareolus) and the striped field mouse (Apodemus agrarius), were investigated and put in the context of: (i) individual spatial niches, (ii) interactions between species, and (iii) the importance of different levels of behavioural variation within species for their interactions. Consistent differences of study animals in boldness and exploration were quantified with the same tests in all presented studies and always combined with observations of movement and space use via automated VHF radio telemetry. Consequently, results are comparable throughout the thesis and the methods provide a common denominator for all chapters. The first two chapters are based on observations of free-ranging rodents in natural populations, while chapter III represents an experimental approach under semi-natural conditions. Chapter I focusses on the effect of consistent differences in boldness and exploration on movement and space use of bank voles and their contribution to individual spatial niche separation. Results show boldness to be the dominating predictor for spatial parameters in bank voles. Irrespective of sex, bolder individuals had larger home ranges, moved longer distances, had less spatial interactions with conspecifics and occupied different microhabitats compared to shy individuals. The same boldness-dependent spatial patterns could be observed in striped field mice which is reported in chapter II. Therefore, both study species showed individual spatial niche occupation. Chapter II builds on findings from the first chapter, investigating the effect of boldness driven individual spatial niche occupation on the interactions between species. Irrespective of species and sex, bolder individuals had more interspecific spatial interactions, but less intraspecific interactions, compared to shy individuals. Due to individual niches occupation the competitive environment individuals experience is not random. Interactions are restricted to individuals of similar behavioural type with presumably similar competitive ability, which could balance differences on the species level and support coexistence. In chapter III the experimental populations were either comprised of only shy or only bold bank voles, while striped field mice varied, creating either a shy- or bold-biased competitive community. Irrespective of behavioural type, striped field mice had more intraspecific interactions in bold-biased competitive communities. Only in a shy-biased competitive community, bolder striped field mice had less interspecific interactions compared to shy individuals. Bank voles showed no difference in intra- or interspecific interactions between populations. Chapter III highlights, that not only consistent inter-individual differences per se are important for interactions within and between species, but also the amount of behavioural variation within coexisting species. Overall, this thesis highlights the importance of considering consistent inter-individual differences in a spatial context and their connection to individual spatial niche occupation, as well as the resulting effects on interactions within and between species. Individual differences are discussed in the context of similarity of individuals, individual and species niche width, and individual and species niche overlap. Thereby, this thesis makes one step further from the existing research on individual niches towards integrating consistent inter-individual differences into the larger framework of species coexistence.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Gottmann2019,
  author    = {Gottmann, Pascal},
  title     = {In silico Analyse zur Kl{\"a}rung der Beteiligung von micro-RNAs, die in QTL lokalisiert sind, an den metabolischen Erkrankungen Adipositas und Typ-2-Diabetes mit Hilfe von Mausmodellen},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {XIII, 106},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Schlenter2019,
  author    = {Schlenter, Judith},
  title     = {Predictive language processing in late bilinguals},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43249},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432498},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {251},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {The current thesis examined how second language (L2) speakers of German predict upcoming input during language processing. Early research has shown that the predictive abilities of L2 speakers relative to L1 speakers are limited, resulting in the proposal of the Reduced Ability to Generate Expectations (RAGE) hypothesis. Considering that prediction is assumed to facilitate language processing in L1 speakers and probably plays a role in language learning, the assumption that L1/L2 differences can be explained in terms of different processing mechanisms is a particularly interesting approach. However, results from more recent studies on the predictive processing abilities of L2 speakers have indicated that the claim of the RAGE hypothesis is too broad and that prediction in L2 speakers could be selectively limited. In the current thesis, the RAGE hypothesis was systematically put to the test. In this thesis, German L1 and highly proficient late L2 learners of German with Russian as L1 were tested on their predictive use of one or more information sources that exist as cues to sentence interpretation in both languages, to test for selective limits. The results showed that, in line with previous findings, L2 speakers can use the lexical-semantics of verbs to predict the upcoming noun. Here the level of prediction was more systematically controlled for than in previous studies by using verbs that restrict the selection of upcoming nouns to the semantic category animate or inanimate. Hence, prediction in L2 processing is possible. At the same time, this experiment showed that the L2 group was slower/less certain than the L1 group. Unlike previous studies, the experiment on case marking demonstrated that L2 speakers can use this morphosyntactic cue for prediction. Here, the use of case marking was tested by manipulating the word order (Dat > Acc vs. Acc > Dat) in double object constructions after a ditransitive verb. Both the L1 and the L2 group showed a difference between the two word order conditions that emerged within the critical time window for an anticipatory effect, indicating their sensitivity towards case. However, the results for the post-critical time window pointed to a higher uncertainty in the L2 group, who needed more time to integrate incoming information and were more affected by the word order variation than the L1 group, indicating that they relied more on surface-level information. A different cue weighting was also found in the experiment testing whether participants predict upcoming reference based on implicit causality information. Here, an additional child L1 group was tested, who had a lower memory capacity than the adult L2 group, as confirmed by a digit span task conducted with both learner groups. Whereas the children were only slightly delayed compared to the adult L1 group and showed the same effect of condition, the L2 speakers showed an over-reliance on surface-level information (first-mention/subjecthood). Hence, the pattern observed resulted more likely from L1/L2 differences than from resource deficits. The reviewed studies and the experiments conducted show that L2 prediction is affected by a range of factors. While some of the factors can be attributed to more individual differences (e.g., language similarity, slower processing) and can be interpreted by L2 processing accounts assuming that L1 and L2 processing are basically the same, certain limits are better explained by accounts that assume more substantial L1/L2 differences. Crucially, the experimental results demonstrate that the RAGE hypothesis should be refined: Although prediction as a fast-operating mechanism is likely to be affected in L2 speakers, there is no indication that prediction is the dominant source of L1/L2 differences. The results rather demonstrate that L2 speakers show a different weighting of cues and rely more on semantic and surface-level information to predict as well as to integrate incoming information.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Henn2019,
  author    = {Henn, Elisabeth Veronika},
  title     = {International Human Rights Law and Structural Discrimination},
  series = {Beitr{\"a}ge zum ausl{\"a}ndischen {\"o}ffentlichen Recht und V{\"o}lkerrecht},
  journal   = {Beitr{\"a}ge zum ausl{\"a}ndischen {\"o}ffentlichen Recht und V{\"o}lkerrecht},
  number    = {280},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-662-58676-1},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-58677-8},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {XVI, 237},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Loy2019,
  author    = {Loy, Benjamin},
  title     = {Roberto Bola{\~n}os wilde Bibliothek},
  series = {Mimesis : Romanische Literaturen der Welt},
  journal   = {Mimesis : Romanische Literaturen der Welt},
  number    = {78},
  publisher = {de Gruyter},
  address   = {Berlin, Boston},
  isbn      = {978-3-11-065894-1},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {XII, 467},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht erstmals systematisch das Gesamtwerk Roberto Bola{\~n}os mit Blick auf die vielf{\"a}ltigen intertextuellen Bez{\"u}ge des chilenischen Autors. Posthum vor allem wegen seines Romans 2666 von der globalen Literaturkritik zum ersten Klassiker der Weltliteratur des 21. Jahrhunderts stilisiert, fungieren in Bola{\~n}os Texten intertextuelle Verweise als ein zentrales Formverfahren, das bislang von der Kritik kaum eingehender untersucht worden ist. Die Werk-Studie situiert Bola{\~n}o dabei nicht nur dezidiert innerhalb einer lateinamerikanischen Genealogie eines «wilden Lesens», sondern legt {\"u}ber eine Lekt{\"u}re, die zugleich philologisch-detailliert und panoramatisch-ideengeschichtlich operiert, die Auseinandersetzungen von Bola{\~n}os Texten {\"u}ber die gescheiterten Revolutionen in Lateinamerika oder die Verheerungen des globalen Kapitalismus mit dem literarischen Kanon der (Post-)Moderne frei. Diese umfassen neben der lateinamerikanischen Literatur um Autoren wie Neruda, Borges und Parra insbesondere Bez{\"u}ge auf die spanische und franz{\"o}sische Literatur von G{\´o}ngora und Pascal {\"u}ber Baudelaire bis zu Perec sowie auf weitere Klassiker der Moderne in Gestalt von Schriftstellern wie Ernst J{\"u}nger oder William Carlos Williams.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Ehrmanntraut2019,
  author    = {Ehrmanntraut, Sophie},
  title     = {Wie Computer heimisch wurden},
  number    = {56},
  publisher = {transcript},
  address   = {Bielefeld},
  isbn      = {978-3-8376-4531-6},
  doi       = {10.14361/9783839445310},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {227},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Mit der Einf{\"u}hrung des Personal Computers Ende der 1970er-Jahre wurde ein neuer Markt f{\"u}r Konsument_innen von Computertechnologie geschaffen. Im Gegensatz zu den vorherrschenden Erz{\"a}hlungen {\"u}ber geniale Erfinder, t{\"u}chtige Unternehmer und Vision{\"a}re der Computerkultur im Silicon Valley nimmt Sophie Ehrmanntraut auch jenen Teil der amerikanischen Gesellschaft in den Blick, der Computer bis dahin nur aus den Nachrichten oder Science-Fiction-Romanen kannte. Ihre Studie zeigt: Die ersten Reaktionen der potenziellen Kundschaft waren ern{\"u}chternd - der Umgang mit Computern musste gelernt werden. Doch nicht zuletzt gezieltes Marketing verwandelte schließlich die Rechenmaschine vom selektiven Arbeitsinstrument zum Massenmedium der Informationsgesellschaft.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Sablowski2019,
  author    = {Sablowski, Daniel},
  title     = {Spectroscopic analysis of the benchmark system Alpha Aurigae},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43239},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432396},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {169},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Binaries play an important role in observational and theoretical astrophysics. Since the mass and the chemical composition are key ingredients for stellar evolution, high-resolution spectroscopy is an important and necessary tool to derive those parameters to high confidence in binaries. This involves carefully measured orbital motion by the determination of radial velocity (RV) shifts and sophisticated techniques to derive the abundances of elements within the stellar atmosphere. A technique superior to conventional cross-correlation methods to determine RV shifts in known as spectral disentangling. Hence, a major task of this thesis was the design of a sophisticated software package for this approach. In order to investigate secondary effects, such as flux and line-profile variations, imprinting changes on the spectrum the behavior of spectral disentangling on such variability is a key to understand the derived values, to improve them, and to get information about the variability itself. Therefore, the spectral disentangling code presented in this thesis and available to the community combines multiple advantages: separation of the spectra for detailed chemical analysis, derivation of orbital elements, derivation of individual RVs in order to investigate distorted systems (either by third body interaction or relativistic effects), the suppression of telluric contaminations, the derivation of variability, and the possibility to apply the technique to eclipsing binaries (important for orbital inclination) or in general to systems that undergo flux-variations. This code in combination with the spectral synthesis codes MOOG and SME was used in order to derive the carbon 12C/13C isotope ratio (CIR) of the benchmark binary Capella. The observational result will be set into context with theoretical evolution by the use of MESA models and resolves the discrepancy of theory and observations existing since the first measurement of Capella's CIR in 1976. The spectral disentangling code has been made available to the community and its applicability to completely different behaving systems, Wolf-Rayet stars, have also been investigated and resulted in a published article. Additionally, since this technique relies strongly on data quality, continues development of scientific instruments to achieve best observational data is of great importance in observational astrophysics. That is the reason why there has also been effort in astronomical instrumentation during the work on this thesis.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Brechun2019,
  author    = {Brechun, Katherine E.},
  title     = {Development and application of genetic networks for engineering photo-controlled proteins},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43092},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-430924},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xxiv, 195},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Light-switchable proteins are being used increasingly to understand and manipulate complex molecular systems. The success of this approach has fueled the development of tailored photo-switchable proteins, to enable targeted molecular events to be studied using light. The development of novel photo-switchable tools has to date largely relied on rational design. Complementing this approach with directed evolution would be expected to facilitate these efforts. Directed evolution, however, has been relatively infrequently used to develop photo-switchable proteins due to the challenge presented by high-throughput evaluation of switchable protein activity. This thesis describes the development of two genetic circuits that can be used to evaluate libraries of switchable proteins, enabling optimization of both the on- and off-states. A screening system is described, which permits detection of DNA-binding activity based on conditional expression of a fluorescent protein. In addition, a tunable selection system is presented, which allows for the targeted selection of protein-protein interactions of a desired affinity range. This thesis additionally describes the development and characterization of a synthetic protein that was designed to investigate chromophore reconstitution in photoactive yellow protein (PYP), a promising scaffold for engineering photo-controlled protein tools.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Adam2019,
  author    = {Adam, Maurits},
  title     = {Action-goal predictions in infancy},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {137},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Yishai2019,
  author    = {Yishai, Oren},
  title     = {Engineering the reductive glycine pathway in Escherichia coli},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {86},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{RuizRodriguez2019,
  author    = {Ruiz Rodriguez, Janete Lorena},
  title     = {Osmotic pressure effects on collagen mimetic peptides},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {139},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Collagen is the most abundant protein in mammals. In many tissues, collagen molecules assemble to form a hierarchical structure. In the smallest supramolecular unit, named fibril, each molecule is displaced in the axial direction with respect to its neighbors. This staggering creates a periodic gap and overlap regions, where the gap regions exhibit 20\% less density. These fibril-forming collagens play an essential role in the strength of connective tissues. Despite much effort, directed at understanding collagen function and regulation, the influence of the chemical environment on the local structural and mechanical properties remains poorly understood. Recent studies, aimed at elucidating the effect of osmotic pressure, showed that collagen contracts upon water removal. This observation highlights the importance of water for the stabilization and mechanics of the collagen molecule. Using collagen mimetic peptides (CMPs), which fold into triple helical structures reminiscent of natural collagen, the primary goal of this work was to investigate the effect of the osmotic pressure on specific collagen-mimetic sequences. CMPs were used as the model system as they provide sequence control, which is essential for discriminating local from global structural changes and for relating the observed effects to existing knowledge about the full-length collagen molecule. Of specific interest was the structure of individual collagen triple helices as well as their organization into self-assembled higher order structures. These key structural features were monitored with infrared spectroscopy (IR) and synchrotron X-ray scattering, while varying the osmotic pressure. For controlling the osmotic pressure, CMP powder samples were incubated in air of defined relative humidity, ranging from dry conditions to highly "humid". In addition, to obtain more biologically relevant conditions, the CMPs were measured in ultrapure water and in solutions containing small molecule osmolytes. Using the sequences (Pro-Pro-Gly)10, (Pro-Hyp-Gly)10 and (Hyp-Hyp-Gly)10, it was shown that CMPs with different degrees of proline hydroxylation (Hyp = hydroxyproline) exhibit a sequence-specific response to osmotic pressure. IR spectroscopy revealed that osmotic pressure changes affect the strength of the triple helix stabilizing, interchain hydrogen bond and that the extent of this change depends on the degree of hydroxylation. X-ray scattering experiments further showed that changes in osmotic pressure affect both the molecular length as well as the higher order organization of CMPs. Starting from a pseudo-hexagonal packing in the dry state, all three CMPs showed isotropic swelling when increasing the water content to approximately 1.2 water molecules per amino acid, again to different extents depending on the degree of hydroxylation. When increasing the water content further, this pseudo-hexagonal arrangement breaks down. In the fully hydrated state, each CMP is characterized by its own specific and more complex packing geometry. While these changes in the lateral packing arrangement suggest swelling upon hydration, an overall decrease of the molecular length (i.e. contraction) was observed in the axial direction. Also for this structural feature, a strong dependency on the specific amino acid sequence was found. Interestingly, the observed contraction is the opposite of what has been reported for natural collagen. As (Pro-Pro-Gly)n, (Pro-Hyp-Gly)n and (Hyp-Hyp-Gly)n repeat units are found in collagen with a relatively high abundance, this suggests that other collagen sequence fragments need to respond to hydration in the opposite way to obtain a net elongation of the full-length collagen molecule. To test this hypothesis, sequences predicted to be sensitive to osmotic pressure were considered. One such sequence, consisting of two repeat units (Ala-Arg-Gly-Ser-Asp-Gly), was inserted as a guest into a (Pro-Pro-Gly) host. When compared to the canonical CMP sequences investigated earlier, the lateral helix packing follows a similar trend with increasing hydration; however, the host-guest CMP axially elongates with increasing water content. This behavior is more similar to what has been found for natural collagen and suggests that different sequences do determine the molecular length of collagen sequences differently. Interestingly, the canonical sequences are more abundant in the overlap region while the guest sequence is found in the gap region. This allows to speculate that sequences in the gap and overlap regions possess a specifically fine-tuned local response to osmotic pressure changes. Clearly, more experiments with additional sequences are needed to confirm this. In conclusion, the results obtained in this work indicate a highly sequence specific interaction between collagen and water. Osmotic pressure-induced conformational changes mostly originate from local geometries and bonding patterns and affect both the structure of individual triple helices as well as higher order assemblies. One key remaining question is how these conformational changes affect the local mechanical properties of the collagen molecule. As a first step, the stiffness (persistence length) of full-length collagen was determined using atomic force microscopy. In the future, experimental strategies need to be developed that allow for investigating the mechanical properties of specific collagen sequences, e.g. performing single-molecule force spectroscopy of CMPs.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{SchulteOsseili2019,
  author    = {Schulte-Osseili, Christine},
  title     = {Vom Monomer zum Glykopolymer},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43216},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432169},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xiii, 149},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Glykopolymere sind synthetische und nat{\"u}rlich vorkommende Polymere, die eine Glykaneinheit in der Seitenkette des Polymers tragen. Glykane sind durch die Glykan-Protein-Wechselwirkung verantwortlich f{\"u}r viele biologische Prozesse. Die Beteiligung der Glykanen in diesen biologischen Prozessen erm{\"o}glicht das Imitieren und Analysieren der Wechselwirkungen durch geeignete Modellverbindungen, z.B. der Glykopolymere. Dieses System der Glykan-Protein-Wechselwirkung soll durch die Glykopolymere untersucht und studiert werden, um die spezifische und selektive Bindung der Proteine an die Glykopolymere nachzuweisen. Die Proteine, die in der Lage sind, Kohlenhydratstrukturen selektiv zu binden, werden Lektine genannt. In dieser Dissertationsarbeit wurden verschiedene Glykopolymere synthetisiert. Dabei sollte auf einen effizienten und kosteng{\"u}nstigen Syntheseweg geachtet werden. Verschiedene Glykopolymere wurden durch funktionalisierte Monomere mit verschiedenen Zuckern, wie z.B. Mannose, Laktose, Galaktose oder N-Acetyl-Glukosamin als funktionelle Gruppe, hergestellt. Aus diesen funktionalisierten Glykomonomeren wurden {\"u}ber ATRP und RAFT-Polymerisation Glykopolymere synthetisiert. Die erhaltenen Glykopolymere wurden in Diblockcopolymeren als hydrophiler Block angewendet und die Selbstassemblierung in w{\"a}ssriger L{\"o}sung untersucht. Die Polymere formten in w{\"a}ssriger L{\"o}sung Mizellen, bei denen der Zuckerblock an der Oberfl{\"a}che der Mizellen sitzt. Die Mizellen wurden mit einem hydrophoben Fluoreszenzfarbstoff beladen, wodurch die CMC der Mizellenbildung bestimmt werden konnte. Außerdem wurden die Glykopolymere als Oberfl{\"a}chenbeschichtung {\"u}ber „Grafting from" mit SI-ATRP oder {\"u}ber „Grafting to" auf verschiedene Oberfl{\"a}chen gebunden. Durch die glykopolymerbschichteten Oberfl{\"a}chen konnte die Glykan Protein Wechselwirkung {\"u}ber spektroskopische Messmethoden, wie SPR- und Mikroring Resonatoren untersucht werden. Hierbei wurde die spezifische und selektive Bindung der Lektine an die Glykopolymere nachgewiesen und die Bindungsst{\"a}rke untersucht. Die synthetisierten Glykopolymere k{\"o}nnten durch Austausch der Glykaneinheit f{\"u}r andere Lektine adressierbar werden und damit ein weites Feld an anderen Proteinen erschließen. Die biovertr{\"a}glichen Glykopolymere w{\"a}ren alternativen f{\"u}r den Einsatz in biologischen Prozessen als Transporter von Medikamenten oder Farbstoffe in den K{\"o}rper. Außerdem k{\"o}nnten die funktionalisierten Oberfl{\"a}chen in der Diagnostik zum Erkennen von Lektinen eingesetzt werden. Die Glykane, die keine selektive und spezifische Bindung zu Proteinen eingehen, k{\"o}nnten als antiadsorptive Oberfl{\"a}chenbeschichtung z.B. in der Zellbiologie eingesetzt werden.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{AlHalbouni2019,
  author    = {Al-Halbouni, Djamil},
  title     = {Photogrammetry and distinct element geomechanical modelling of sinkholes and large-scale karstic depressions},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43215},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432159},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {137},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Sinkholes and depressions are typical landforms of karst regions. They pose a considerable natural hazard to infrastructure, agriculture, economy and human life in affected areas worldwide. The physio-chemical processes of sinkholes and depression formation are manifold, ranging from dissolution and material erosion in the subsurface to mechanical subsidence/failure of the overburden. This thesis addresses the mechanisms leading to the development of sinkholes and depressions by using complementary methods: remote sensing, distinct element modelling and near-surface geophysics. In the first part, detailed information about the (hydro)-geological background, ground structures, morphologies and spatio-temporal development of sinkholes and depressions at a very active karst area at the Dead Sea are derived from satellite image analysis, photogrammetry and geologic field surveys. There, clusters of an increasing number of sinkholes have been developing since the 1980s within large-scale depressions and are distributed over different kinds of surface materials: clayey mud, sandy-gravel alluvium and lacustrine evaporites (salt). The morphology of sinkholes differs depending in which material they form: Sinkholes in sandy-gravel alluvium and salt are generally deeper and narrower than sinkholes in the interbedded evaporite and mud deposits. From repeated aerial surveys, collapse precursory features like small-scale subsidence, individual holes and cracks are identified in all materials. The analysis sheds light on the ongoing hazardous subsidence process, which is driven by the base-level fall of the Dead Sea and by the dynamic formation of subsurface water channels. In the second part of this thesis, a novel, 2D distinct element geomechanical modelling approach with the software PFC2D-V5 to simulating individual and multiple cavity growth and sinkhole and large-scale depression development is presented. The approach involves a stepwise material removal technique in void spaces of arbitrarily shaped geometries and is benchmarked by analytical and boundary element method solutions for circular cavities. Simulated compression and tension tests are used to calibrate model parameters with bulk rock properties for the materials of the field site. The simulations show that cavity and sinkhole evolution is controlled by material strength of both overburden and cavity host material, the depth and relative speed of the cavity growth and the developed stress pattern in the subsurface. Major findings are: (1) A progressively deepening differential subrosion with variable growth speed yields a more fragmented stress pattern with stress interaction between the cavities. It favours multiple sinkhole collapses and nesting within large-scale depressions. (2) Low-strength materials do not support large cavities in the material removal zone, and subsidence is mainly characterised by gradual sagging into the material removal zone with synclinal bending. (3) High-strength materials support large cavity formation, leading to sinkhole formation by sudden collapse of the overburden. (4) Large-scale depression formation happens either by coalescence of collapsing holes, block-wise brittle failure, or gradual sagging and lateral widening. The distinct element based approach is compared to results from remote sensing and geophysics at the field site. The numerical simulation outcomes are generally in good agreement with derived morphometrics, documented surface and subsurface structures as well as seismic velocities. Complementary findings on the subrosion process are provided from electric and seismic measurements in the area. Based on the novel combination of methods in this thesis, a generic model of karst landform evolution with focus on sinkhole and depression formation is developed. A deepening subrosion system related to preferential flow paths evolves and creates void spaces and subsurface conduits. This subsequently leads to hazardous subsidence, and the formation of sinkholes within large-scale depressions. Finally, a monitoring system for shallow natural hazard phenomena consisting of geodetic and geophysical observations is proposed for similarly affected areas.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Voss2019,
  author    = {Voß, Amira},
  title     = {F{\"u}r eine Reformierung des irakischen internationalen Privatrechts},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43019},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-430190},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {XIII; 272},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Seit 2003 hat sich das politische Bild des Irak stark ver{\"a}ndert. Dadurch begann der Prozess der Neugestaltung der irakischen Rechtsordnung. Die irakische Verfassung von 2005 legt erstmalig in der Geschichte des Irak den Islam und die Demokratie als zwei nebeneinander zu beachtende Grundprinzipien bei der Gesetzgebung fest. Trotz dieser signifikanten Ver{\"a}nderung im irakischen Rechtssystem und erheblicher Entwicklungen im internationalen Privat- und Zivilverfahrensrecht (IPR/IZVR) im internationalen Vergleich gilt die haupts{\"a}chlich im irakischen Zivilgesetzbuch (ZGB) von 1951 enthaltene gesetzliche Regelung des IPR/IZVR im Irak weiterhin. Deshalb entstand diese Arbeit f{\"u}r eine Reformierung des irakischen IPR/IZVR. Die Arbeit gilt als erste umfassende wissenschaftliche Untersuchung, die sich mit dem jetzigen Inhalt und der zuk{\"u}nftigen Reformierung des irakischen internationalen Privatrecht- und Zivilverfahrensrechts (IPR/IZVR) besch{\"a}ftigt. Die Verfasserin vermittelt einen Gesamt{\"u}berblick {\"u}ber das jetzt geltende irakische internationale Privat- und Zivilverfahrensrecht mit gelegentlicher punktueller und stichwortartiger Heranziehung des deutschen, islamischen, t{\"u}rkischen und tunesischen Rechts, zeigt dessen Schwachstellen auf und unterbreitet entsprechende Reformvorschl{\"a}ge. Wegen der besonderen Bedeutung des internationalen Vertragsrechts f{\"u}r die Wirtschaft im Irak und auch zum Teil f{\"u}r Deutschland gibt die Verfasserin einen genaueren {\"U}berblick {\"u}ber das irakische internationale Vertragsrecht und bekr{\"a}ftigt gleichzeitig dessen Reformbed{\"u}rftigkeit. Die Darstellung der wichtigen Entwicklungen im deutsch-europ{\"a}ischen, im traditionellen islamischen Recht und im t{\"u}rkischen und tunesischen internationalen Privat- und Zivilverfahrensrecht im zweiten Kapitel dienen als Grundlage, auf die bei der Reformierung des irakischen IPR/ IZVR zur{\"u}ck gegriffen werden kann. Da die Kenntnisse des islamischen Rechts nicht zwingend zum Rechtsstudium geh{\"o}ren, wird das islamische Recht dazu in Bezug auf seine Entstehung und die Rechtsquellen dargestellt. Am Ende der Arbeit wird ein Entwurf eines f{\"o}deralen Gesetzes zum internationalen Privatrecht im Irak katalogisiert, der sich im Rahmen der irakischen Verfassung gleichzeitig mit dem Islam und der Demokratie vereinbaren l{\"a}sst.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Tiwari2019,
  author    = {Tiwari, Abhishek},
  title     = {Enhancing Users' Privacy: Static Resolution of the Dynamic Properties of Android},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xiii, 111},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {The usage of mobile devices is rapidly growing with Android being the most prevalent mobile operating system. Thanks to the vast variety of mobile applications, users are preferring smartphones over desktops for day to day tasks like Internet surfing. Consequently, smartphones store a plenitude of sensitive data. This data together with the high values of smartphones make them an attractive target for device/data theft (thieves/malicious applications). Unfortunately, state-of-the-art anti-theft solutions do not work if they do not have an active network connection, e.g., if the SIM card was removed from the device. In the majority of these cases, device owners permanently lose their smartphone together with their personal data, which is even worse. Apart from that malevolent applications perform malicious activities to steal sensitive information from smartphones. Recent research considered static program analysis to detect dangerous data leaks. These analyses work well for data leaks due to inter-component communication, but suffer from shortcomings for inter-app communication with respect to precision, soundness, and scalability. This thesis focuses on enhancing users' privacy on Android against physical device loss/theft and (un)intentional data leaks. It presents three novel frameworks: (1) ThiefTrap, an anti-theft framework for Android, (2) IIFA, a modular inter-app intent information flow analysis of Android applications, and (3) PIAnalyzer, a precise approach for PendingIntent vulnerability analysis. ThiefTrap is based on a novel concept of an anti-theft honeypot account that protects the owner's data while preventing a thief from resetting the device. We implemented the proposed scheme and evaluated it through an empirical user study with 35 participants. In this study, the owner's data could be protected, recovered, and anti-theft functionality could be performed unnoticed from the thief in all cases. IIFA proposes a novel approach for Android's inter-component/inter-app communication (ICC/IAC) analysis. Our main contribution is the first fully automatic, sound, and precise ICC/IAC information flow analysis that is scalable for realistic apps due to modularity, avoiding combinatorial explosion: Our approach determines communicating apps using short summaries rather than inlining intent calls between components and apps, which requires simultaneously analyzing all apps installed on a device. We evaluate IIFA in terms of precision, recall, and demonstrate its scalability to a large corpus of real-world apps. IIFA reports 62 problematic ICC-/IAC-related information flows via two or more apps/components. PIAnalyzer proposes a novel approach to analyze PendingIntent related vulnerabilities. PendingIntents are a powerful and universal feature of Android for inter-component communication. We empirically evaluate PIAnalyzer on a set of 1000 randomly selected applications and find 1358 insecure usages of PendingIntents, including 70 severe vulnerabilities.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Teckentrup2019,
  author    = {Teckentrup, Lisa},
  title     = {Understanding predator-prey interactions},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43162},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-431624},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {ix, 133},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Predators can have numerical and behavioral effects on prey animals. While numerical effects are well explored, the impact of behavioral effects is unclear. Furthermore, behavioral effects are generally either analyzed with a focus on single individuals or with a focus on consequences for other trophic levels. Thereby, the impact of fear on the level of prey communities is overlooked, despite potential consequences for conservation and nature management. In order to improve our understanding of predator-prey interactions, an assessment of the consequences of fear in shaping prey community structures is crucial. In this thesis, I evaluated how fear alters prey space use, community structure and composition, focusing on terrestrial mammals. By integrating landscapes of fear in an existing individual-based and spatially-explicit model, I simulated community assembly of prey animals via individual home range formation. The model comprises multiple hierarchical levels from individual home range behavior to patterns of prey community structure and composition. The mechanistic approach of the model allowed for the identification of underlying mechanism driving prey community responses under fear. My results show that fear modified prey space use and community patterns. Under fear, prey animals shifted their home ranges towards safer areas of the landscape. Furthermore, fear decreased the total biomass and the diversity of the prey community and reinforced shifts in community composition towards smaller animals. These effects could be mediated by an increasing availability of refuges in the landscape. Under landscape changes, such as habitat loss and fragmentation, fear intensified negative effects on prey communities. Prey communities in risky environments were subject to a non-proportional diversity loss of up to 30\% if fear was taken into account. Regarding habitat properties, I found that well-connected, large safe patches can reduce the negative consequences of habitat loss and fragmentation on prey communities. Including variation in risk perception between prey animals had consequences on prey space use. Animals with a high risk perception predominantly used safe areas of the landscape, while animals with a low risk perception preferred areas with a high food availability. On the community level, prey diversity was higher in heterogeneous landscapes of fear if individuals varied in their risk perception compared to scenarios in which all individuals had the same risk perception. Overall, my findings give a first, comprehensive assessment of the role of fear in shaping prey communities. The linkage between individual home range behavior and patterns at the community level allows for a mechanistic understanding of the underlying processes. My results underline the importance of the structure of the landscape of fear as a key driver of prey community responses, especially if the habitat is threatened by landscape changes. Furthermore, I show that individual landscapes of fear can improve our understanding of the consequences of trait variation on community structures. Regarding conservation and nature management, my results support calls for modern conservation approaches that go beyond single species and address the protection of biotic interactions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Devkar2019,
  author    = {Devkar, Vikas Suresh},
  title     = {Functional characterization of NAC transcription factors ATAF1 and SITAF1 in growth and abiotic stress tolerance in tomato},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{RomeroMujalli2019,
  author    = {Romero Mujalli, Daniel},
  title     = {Ecological modeling of adaptive evolutionary responses to rapid climate change},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43062},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-430627},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {167},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {A contemporary challenge in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology is to anticipate the fate of populations of organisms in the context of a changing world. Climate change and landscape changes due to anthropic activities have been of major concern in the contemporary history. Organisms facing these threats are expected to respond by local adaptation (i.e., genetic changes or phenotypic plasticity) or by shifting their distributional range (migration). However, there are limits to their responses. For example, isolated populations will have more difficulties in developing adaptive innovations by means of genetic changes than interconnected metapopulations. Similarly, the topography of the environment can limit dispersal opportunities for crawling organisms as compared to those that rely on wind. Thus, populations of species with different life history strategy may differ in their ability to cope with changing environmental conditions. However, depending on the taxon, empirical studies investigating organisms' responses to environmental change may become too complex, long and expensive; plus, complications arising from dealing with endangered species. In consequence, eco-evolutionary modeling offers an opportunity to overcome these limitations and complement empirical studies, understand the action and limitations of underlying mechanisms, and project into possible future scenarios. In this work I take a modeling approach and investigate the effect and relative importance of evolutionary mechanisms (including phenotypic plasticity) on the ability for local adaptation of populations with different life strategy experiencing climate change scenarios. For this, I performed a review on the state of the art of eco-evolutionary Individual-Based Models (IBMs) and identify gaps for future research. Then, I used the results from the review to develop an eco-evolutionary individual-based modeling tool to study the role of genetic and plastic mechanisms in promoting local adaption of populations of organisms with different life strategies experiencing scenarios of climate change and environmental stochasticity. The environment was simulated through a climate variable (e.g., temperature) defining a phenotypic optimum moving at a given rate of change. The rate of change was changed to simulate different scenarios of climate change (no change, slow, medium, rapid climate change). Several scenarios of stochastic noise color resembling different climatic conditions were explored. Results show that populations of sexual species will rely mainly on standing genetic variation and phenotypic plasticity for local adaptation. Population of species with relatively slow growth rate (e.g., large mammals) - especially those of small size - are the most vulnerable, particularly if their plasticity is limited (i.e., specialist species). In addition, whenever organisms from these populations are capable of adaptive plasticity, they can buffer fitness losses in reddish climatic conditions. Likewise, whenever they can adjust their plastic response (e.g., bed-hedging strategy) they will cope with bluish environmental conditions as well. In contrast, life strategies of high fecundity can rely on non-adaptive plasticity for their local adaptation to novel environmental conditions, unless the rate of change is too rapid. A recommended management measure is to guarantee interconnection of isolated populations into metapopulations, such that the supply of useful genetic variation can be increased, and, at the same time, provide them with movement opportunities to follow their preferred niche, when local adaptation becomes problematic. This is particularly important for bluish and reddish climatic conditions, when the rate of change is slow, or for any climatic condition when the level of stress (rate of change) is relatively high.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Malchow2019,
  author    = {Malchow, Martin},
  title     = {Nutzerunterst{\"u}tzung und -Motivation in E-Learning Vorlesungsarchiven und MOOCs},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {142},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {In den letzten Jahren ist die Aufnahme und Verbreitung von Videos immer einfacher geworden. Daher sind die Relevanz und Beliebtheit zur Aufnahme von Vorlesungsvideos in den letzten Jahren stark angestiegen. Dies f{\"u}hrt zu einem großen Datenbestand an Vorlesungsvideos in den Video-Vorlesungsarchiven der Universit{\"a}ten. Durch diesen wachsenden Datenbestand wird es allerdings f{\"u}r die Studenten immer schwieriger, die relevanten Videos eines Vorlesungsarchivs aufzufinden. Zus{\"a}tzlich haben viele Lerninteressierte durch ihre allt{\"a}gliche Arbeit und famili{\"a}ren Verpflichtungen immer weniger Zeit sich mit dem Lernen zu besch{\"a}ftigen. Ein weiterer Aspekt, der das Lernen im Internet erschwert, ist, dass es durch soziale Netzwerke und anderen Online-Plattformen vielf{\"a}ltige Ablenkungsm{\"o}glichkeiten gibt. Daher ist das Ziel dieser Arbeit, M{\"o}glichkeiten aufzuzeigen, welche das E-Learning bieten kann, um Nutzer beim Lernprozess zu unterst{\"u}tzen und zu motivieren. Das Hauptkonzept zur Unterst{\"u}tzung der Studenten ist das pr{\"a}zise Auffinden von Informationen in den immer weiter wachsenden Vorlesungsvideoarchiven. Dazu werden die Vorlesungen im Voraus analysiert und die Texte der Vorlesungsfolien mit verschiedenen Methoden indexiert. Daraufhin k{\"o}nnen die Studenten mit der Suche oder dem Lecture-Butler Lerninhalte entsprechend Ihres aktuellen Wissensstandes auffinden. Die m{\"o}glichen verwendeten Technologien f{\"u}r das Auffinden wurden, sowohl technisch, als auch durch Studentenumfragen erfolgreich evaluiert. Zur Motivation von Studenten in Vorlesungsarchiven werden diverse Konzepte betrachtet und die Umsetzung evaluiert, die den Studenten interaktiv in den Lernprozess einbeziehen. Neben Vorlesungsarchiven existieren sowohl im privaten als auch im dienstlichen Weiterbildungsbereich die in den letzten Jahren immer beliebter werdenden MOOCs. Generell sind die Abschlussquoten von MOOCs allerdings mit durchschnittlich 7\% eher gering. Daher werden Motivationsl{\"o}sungen f{\"u}r MOOCs im Bereich von eingebetteten Systemen betrachtet, die in praktischen Programmierkursen Anwendung finden. Zus{\"a}tzlich wurden Kurse evaluiert, welche die Programmierung von eingebetteten Systemen behandeln. Die Verf{\"u}gbarkeit war bei Kursen von bis zu 10.000 eingeschriebenen Teilnehmern hierbei kein schwerwiegendes Problem. Die Verwendung von eingebetteten Systemen in Programmierkursen sind bei den Studenten in der praktischen Umsetzung auf sehr großes Interesse gestoßen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Rabe2019,
  author    = {Rabe, Sophie},
  title     = {Wirksamkeit einer telemedizinisch assistierten Bewegungstherapie f{\"u}r die postrehabilitative Versorgung von Patienten mit Knie- oder H{\"u}ft-Totalendoprothese im berufsf{\"a}higen Alter},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43055},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-430556},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {x, 78},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Einleitung Die Implantation einer Knie- oder H{\"u}ft-Totalendoprothese (TEP) ist eine der h{\"a}ufigsten operativen Eingriffe. Im Anschluss an die Operation und die postoperative Rehabilitation stellt die Bewegungstherapie einen wesentlichen Bestandteil der Behandlung zur Verbesserung der Gelenkfunktion und der Lebensqualit{\"a}t dar. In strukturschwachen Gebieten werden entsprechende Angebote nur in unzureichender Dichte vorgehalten. Zudem zeichnet sich ein fl{\"a}chendeckender Fachkr{\"a}ftemangel im Bereich der Physiotherapie ab. Die Tele-Nachsorge bietet daher einen innovativen Ansatz f{\"u}r die postrehabilitative Versorgung der Patienten. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung war die {\"U}berpr{\"u}fung der Wirksamkeit einer interaktiven Tele-Nachsorgeintervention f{\"u}r Patienten mit Knie- oder H{\"u}ft-TEP im Vergleich zur herk{\"o}mmlichen Versorgung (usual care). Dazu wurden die Funktionalit{\"a}t und die berufliche Wiedereingliederung untersucht. Methode Zwischen August 2016 und August 2017 wurden 111 Patienten (54,9 ± 6,8 Jahre, 54,3 \% weiblich) zu Beginn ihrer station{\"a}ren Anschlussheilbehandlung nach Implantation einer Knie- oder H{\"u}ft-TEP in diese randomisiert, kontrolliert, multizentrische Studie eingeschlossen. Nach Entlassung aus der orthop{\"a}dischen Anschlussrehabilitation (Baseline) f{\"u}hrte die Interventionsgruppe (IG) ein dreimonatiges interaktives Training {\"u}ber ein Telerehabilitationssystem durch. Hierf{\"u}r erstellte ein betreuender Physiotherapeut einen individuellen Trainingsplan aus 38 {\"U}bungen zur Verbesserung der Kraft sowie der posturalen Kontrolle. Zur Anpassung des Trainingsplans {\"u}bermittelte das System dem Physiotherapeuten Daten zur Quantit{\"a}t sowie zur Qualit{\"a}t des Trainings. Die Kontrollgruppe (KG) konnte die herk{\"o}mmlichen Versorgungsangebote nutzen. Zur Beurteilung der Wirksamkeit der Intervention wurde die Differenz der Verbesserung im 6MWT zwischen der IG und der KG nach drei Monaten als prim{\"a}rer Endpunkt definiert. Als sekund{\"a}re Endpunkte wurden die Return-to-Work-Rate sowie die funktionelle Mobilit{\"a}t mittels des Stair Ascend Tests, des Five-Times-Sit-to-Stand Test und des Timed Up and Go Tests untersucht. Weiterhin wurden die gesundheitsbezogene Lebensqualit{\"a}t mit dem Short-Form 36 (SF-36) und die gelenkbezogenen Einschr{\"a}nkungen mit dem Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) evaluiert. Der prim{\"a}re und die sekund{\"a}ren Endpunkte wurden anhand von baseline-adjustierten Kovarianzanalysen im intention-to-treat-Ansatz ausgewertet. Zus{\"a}tzlich wurde die Teilnahme an Nachsorgeangeboten und die Adh{\"a}renz der Interventionsgruppe an der Tele-Nachsorge erfasst und evaluiert. Ergebnisse Zum Ende der Intervention wiesen beide Gruppen einen statistisch signifikanten Anstieg ihrer 6MWT Strecke auf (p < 0,001). Zu diesem Zeitpunkt legten die Teilnehmer der IG im Mittel 530,8 ± 79,7 m, die der KG 514,2 ± 71,2 m zur{\"u}ck. Dabei betrug die Differenz der Verbesserung der Gehstrecke in der IG 88,3 ± 57,7 m und in der KG 79,6 ± 48,7 m. Damit zeigt der prim{\"a}re Endpunkt keine signifikanten Gruppenunterschiede (p = 0,951). Bez{\"u}glich der beruflichen Wiedereingliederung konnte jedoch eine signifikant h{\"o}here Rate in der IG (64,6 \% versus 46,2 \%; p = 0,014) festgestellt werden. F{\"u}r die sekund{\"a}ren Endpunkte der funktionellen Mobilit{\"a}t, der Lebensqualit{\"a}t und der gelenkbezogenen Beschwerden belegen die Ergebnisse eine Gleichwertigkeit beider Gruppen zum Ende der Intervention. Schlussfolgerung Die telemedizinisch assistierte Bewegungstherapie f{\"u}r Knie- oder H{\"u}ft-TEP Patienten ist der herk{\"o}mmlichen Versorgung zur Nachsorge hinsichtlich der erzielten Verbesserungen der funktionellen Mobilit{\"a}t, der gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualit{\"a}t und der gelenkbezogenen Beschwerden gleichwertig. In dieser Patientenpopulation ließen sich klinisch relevante Verbesserungen unabh{\"a}ngig von der Form der Bewegungstherapie erzielen. Im Hinblick auf die berufliche Wiedereingliederung zeigte sich eine signifikant h{\"o}here Rate in der Interventionsgruppe. Die telemedizinisch assistierte Bewegungstherapie scheint eine geeignete Versorgungsform der Nachsorge zu sein, die orts- und zeitunabh{\"a}ngig durchgef{\"u}hrt werden kann und somit den Bed{\"u}rfnissen berufst{\"a}tiger Patienten entgegenkommt und in den Alltag der Patienten integriert werden kann. Die Tele-Nachsorge sollte daher als optionale und komplement{\"a}re Form der postrehabilitativen Nachsorge angeboten werden. Auch im Hinblick auf den zunehmenden Fachkr{\"a}ftemangel im Bereich der Physiotherapie und bestehende Versorgungsl{\"u}cken in strukturschwachen Gebieten kann der Einsatz der Tele-Nachsorge innovative und bedarfsgerechte L{\"o}sungsans{\"a}tze bieten.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Jehle2019,
  author    = {Jehle, Franziska},
  title     = {Tracking self-assembly of hierarchically structured soft matter},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {88},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Ehnert2019,
  author    = {Ehnert, Franziska},
  title     = {Climate Policy in Denmark, Germany, Estonia and Poland},
  series = {New horizons in environmental politics},
  journal   = {New horizons in environmental politics},
  publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing},
  address   = {Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA, USA},
  isbn      = {978-1-78897-939-9},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {220},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Ministerial administrations are pivotal in the process of defining problems and developing policy solutions due to their technocratic expertise, particularly when this process is applied to climate policy. This innovative book explores how and why policies are changed or continued by employing in-depth studies from a diverse range of EU countries. Climate Policy in Denmark, Germany, Estonia and Poland works to narrow the research gap surrounding administrative institutions within the field of climate policy change by integrating ideas, discourses and institutions to provide a better understanding of both climate policy and policy change. Differences in approach to democratization and Europeanization between Western and Central Eastern European countries provide rich empirical material for the study of policy formulation. This timely book demonstrates how the substance and formation of policies are shaped by their political and administrative institutional contexts. Analytical and accessible, this discerning book will be of value to scholars and students of climate policy, public policy and public administration alike. Providing lessons on institutional reform in climate and energy policy, this explorative book will also be of interest to practitioners and policy-makers.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Yan2019,
  author    = {Yan, Runyu},
  title     = {Nitrogen-doped and porous carbons towards new energy storage mechanisms for supercapacitors with high energy density},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43141},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-431413},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {152},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Supercapacitors are electrochemical energy storage devices with rapid charge/discharge rate and long cycle life. Their biggest challenge is the inferior energy density compared to other electrochemical energy storage devices such as batteries. Being the most widely spread type of supercapacitors, electrochemical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) store energy by electrosorption of electrolyte ions on the surface of charged electrodes. As a more recent development, Na-ion capacitors (NICs) are expected to be a more promising tactic to tackle the inferior energy density due to their higher-capacity electrodes and larger operating voltage. The charges are simultaneously stored by ion adsorption on the capacitive-type cathode surface and via faradic process in the battery-type anode, respectively. Porous carbon electrodes are of great importance in these devices, but the paramount problems are the facile synthetic routes for high-performance carbons and the lack of fundamental understanding of the energy storage mechanisms. Therefore, the aim of the present dissertation is to develop novel synthetic methods for (nitrogen-doped) porous carbon materials with superior performance, and to reveal a deeper understanding energy storage mechanisms of EDLCs and NICs. The first part introduces a novel synthetic method towards hierarchical ordered meso-microporous carbon electrode materials for EDLCs. The large amount of micropores and highly ordered mesopores endow abundant sites for charge storage and efficient electrolyte transport, respectively, giving rise to superior EDLC performance in different electrolytes. More importantly, the controversial energy storage mechanism of EDLCs employing ionic liquid (IL) electrolytes is investigated by employing a series of porous model carbons as electrodes. The results not only allow to conclude on the relations between the porosity and ion transport dynamics, but also deliver deeper insights into the energy storage mechanism of IL-based EDLCs which is different from the one usually dominating in solvent-based electrolytes leading to compression double-layers. The other part focuses on anodes of NICs, where novel synthesis of nitrogen-rich porous carbon electrodes and their sodium storage mechanism are investigated. Free-standing fibrous nitrogen-doped carbon materials are synthesized by electrospinning using the nitrogen-rich monomer (hexaazatriphenylene-hexacarbonitrile, C18N12) as the precursor followed by condensation at high temperature. These fibers provide superior capacity and desirable charge/discharge rate for sodium storage. This work also allows insights into the sodium storage mechanism in nitrogen-doped carbons. Based on this mechanism, further optimization is done by designing a composite material composed of nitrogen-rich carbon nanoparticles embedded in conductive carbon matrix for a better charge/discharge rate. The energy density of the assembled NICs significantly prevails that of common EDLCs while maintaining the high power density and long cycle life.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Damour2019,
  author    = {Damour, Jean-Claude},
  title     = {Hegel und Wittgenstein {\"u}ber den Sinn der Sprache},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43103},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-431036},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {132},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {The key objectives of this dissertation are to justify the use of dialectic methodology in the realm of the philosophy of language and to conduct a systematic processing of a limited part of this field. In order to explain and determine this approach, which is found rarely, if ever, in contemporary research, I will begin by referring to two philosophical authors: Hegel and Wittgenstein. Although Hegel and Wittgenstein are, prima facie, two authors who have very little in common, the primary supposition of this dissertation regarding the history of ideas is that Hegel's concept of "Spirit" and Wittgenstein's concept of "Form of life" are nevertheless both approaches and the results of philosophical effort that imply the necessity of solving a sceptical challenge. Wittgenstein actually developed an argument in his Philosophical Investigations that has been described as the "rule-following paradox" and has been considered in secondary literature (especially Kripke) as the main tenet of a sceptical argument. Consequently, Wittgenstein's theory of language as developed in Philosophical Investigations has been interpreted by various authors either as a solution to this scepticism or as a sceptical, or "aporetic", text in itself (Brandom). The first section of my dissertation aims to demonstrate that dealing with this paradox does not constitute a full sceptical argument and can be considered as the first moment of a higher form of sceptical challenge, an antinomy. A full sceptical challenge implies both the possibility that the theory corresponding to the unique solution of the paradox, the negation of any explicit normativity ("dispositionalism"), and the negation of the principle of this solution, can be proved. I'll therefore attempt to establish an antinomy of the concept of normativity with respect to the rule of language, similar to Kant's exposure of his cosmological antinomy (thesis cum antithesis). The second aim of my dissertation is to show: that Kant's approach to solving his antinomy is ineffective concerning the antinomy of normativity; that this antinomy implies a confrontation with radical scepticism in a sense that we are committed not to simply challenging or reconsidering some theories, but to engaging in a deep revision of our methodology (This in turn entails a deep revision of the current norms of rationality); that the Hegelian dialectic emerges as the solution to such a radical sceptical challenge, as the true solution to antinomy. A further goal of this dissertation is to use this methodological result to gain a new knowledge of language, consisting of two contradictory moments of cognition that are constructively combined: normativity by means of disposition, and normativity by means of an explicit rule-following. The tangible benefit of such a methodological approach is the possibility of building a systematic philosophy of language that enables the establishment of a dialectical deduction of the moments of the concept of language as moments of the concept of the spirit, in other words, to establish the sense of language. Nonetheless, I must limit myself to exposure to the doctrine of imagination, which encompasses general semiotics and the system of grammar.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Vorholt2019,
  author    = {Vorholt, Dominik},
  title     = {Konkurrenzausschluss bei deutschen Wirtschaftsverb{\"a}nden},
  publisher = {Lit},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-64314-296-2},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {231},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Die deutschen Wirtschaftsverb{\"a}nde geraten zunehmend unter Konkurrenzdruck. Immer mehr Verb{\"a}nde werben um dieselbe Mitgliederklientel und haben einen {\"a}hnlichen Themenzuschnitt. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus betreiben immer mehr Mitgliedsunternehmen eigene politische Interessenvertretung. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht auf der Grundlage des aus der Evolutionsbiologie stammenden Population Ecology-Ansatzes, wie die Verb{\"a}nde mit dieser Konkurrenz umgehen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Desanois2019,
  author    = {Desanois, Louis},
  title     = {On the origin of epithermal Sn-Ag-Zn mineralization at the Pirquitas mine, NW Argentina},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43082},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-430822},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {104},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {The Central Andes host large reserves of base and precious metals. The region represented, in 2017, an important part of the worldwide mining activity. Three principal types of deposits have been identified and studied: 1) porphyry type deposits extending from central Chile and Argentina to Bolivia, and Northern Peru, 2) iron oxide-copper-gold (IOCG) deposits, extending from central Peru to central Chile, and 3) epithermal tin polymetallic deposits extending from Southern Peru to Northern Argentina, which compose a large part of the deposits of the Bolivian Tin Belt (BTB). Deposits in the BTB can be divided into two major types: (1) tin-tungsten-zinc pluton-related polymetallic deposits, and (2) tin-silver-lead-zinc epithermal polymetallic vein deposits. Mina Pirquitas is a tin-silver-lead-zinc epithermal polymetallic vein deposit, located in north-west Argentina, that used to be one of the most important tin-silver producing mine of the country. It was interpreted to be part of the BTB and it shares similar mineral associations with southern pluton related BTB epithermal deposits. Two major mineralization events related to three pulses of magmatic fluids mixed with meteoric water have been identified. The first event can be divided in two stages: 1) stage I-1 with quartz, pyrite, and cassiterite precipitating from fluids between 233 and 370 °C and salinity between 0 and 7.5 wt\%, corresponding to a first pulse of fluids, and 2) stage I-2 with sphalerite and tin-silver-lead-antimony sulfosalts precipitating from fluids between 213 and 274 °C with salinity up to 10.6 wt\%, corresponding to a new pulse of magmatic fluids in the hydrothermal system. The mineralization event II deposited the richest silver ores at Pirquitas. Event II fluids temperatures and salinities range between 190 and 252 °C and between 0.9 and 4.3 wt\% respectively. This corresponds to the waning supply of magmatic fluids. Noble gas isotopic compositions and concentrations in ore-hosted fluid inclusions demonstrate a significant contribution of magmatic fluids to the Pirquitas mineralization although no intrusive rocks are exposed in the mine area. Lead and sulfur isotopic measurements on ore minerals show that Pirquitas shares a similar signature with southern pluton related polymetallic deposits in the BTB. Furthermore, the major part of the sulfur isotopic values of sulfide and sulfosalt minerals from Pirquitas ranges in the field for sulfur derived from igneous rocks. This suggests that the main contribution of sulfur to the hydrothermal system at Pirquitas is likely to be magma-derived. The precise age of the deposit is still unknown but the results of wolframite dating of 2.9 ± 9.1 Ma and local structural observations suggest that the late mineralization event is younger than 12 Ma.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Franz2019,
  author    = {Franz, Antje},
  title     = {Das Leistungsst{\"o}rungsrecht des polnischen Obligationsgesetzbuchs von 1933 und das deutsche Recht},
  series = {Rechtshistorische Reihe ; 482},
  journal   = {Rechtshistorische Reihe ; 482},
  publisher = {Lang},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-631-78661-1},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {263},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Als Folge der mehr als 120-j{\"a}hrigen Teilungszeit galten in Polen nach 1918 f{\"u}nf verschiedene Zivilrechte. Die Verabschiedung eines Obligationsgesetzbuches 1933 war ein wesentlicher Schritt zur innerstaatlichen Rechtsvereinheitlichung. Die Bedeutung des deutschen Rechts in diesem Prozess wird in dem vorliegenden Buch am Beispiel des Leistungsst{\"o}rungsrechts untersucht. Anhand ausgew{\"a}hlter Faktoren werden die Rahmenbedingungen damaliger polnischer Gesetzgebung beleuchtet, die durch die unterschiedliche Entwicklung der ehemaligen drei Teilungsgebiete gepr{\"a}gt waren. Die Autorin nimmt auch auf die Biographien der Gesetzesautoren Bezug. Eine Auswertung des damaligen deutschen Schrifttums zeigt zudem, dass das Gesetz in der deutschen Rechtswissenschaft positiv wahrgenommen wurde.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Jurczok2019,
  author    = {Jurczok, Anne},
  title     = {Schulwahl unter „gleichwertigen" Einzelschulen},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  isbn      = {978-3-658-26198-6},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {308},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {In zweigliedrigen Sekundarschulsystemen mit gleicher Abschlussorientierung - wie sie in immer mehr Bundesl{\"a}ndern zu finden sind - tritt die Einzelschule mit ihren spezifischen Eigenschaften in den Fokus der Schulwahl. Als eine der ersten Studien untersucht Anne Jurczok, welche Schuleigenschaften Eltern pr{\"a}ferieren, welche Informationen sie nutzen und welche Einzelschulen sie unter den Bedingungen der Zweigliedrigkeit ausw{\"a}hlen und ablehnen. Auf Grundlage werterwartungstheoretischer {\"U}berlegungen und der Frame-Selektion wird der Prozess der Einzelschulwahl konzeptualisiert und die institutionellen, lokalen und sozio-kulturellen Bedingungen der Wahlsituation ber{\"u}cksichtigt. ​},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Ehrlich2019,
  author    = {Ehrlich, Elias},
  title     = {On the role of trade-offs in predator-prey interactions},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43063},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-430631},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {192},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Predation drives coexistence, evolution and population dynamics of species in food webs, and has strong impacts on related ecosystem functions (e.g. primary production). The effect of predation on these processes largely depends on the trade-offs between functional traits in the predator and prey community. Trade-offs between defence against predation and competitive ability, for example, allow for prey speciation and predator-mediated coexistence of prey species with different strategies (defended or competitive), which may stabilize the overall food web dynamics. While the importance of such trade-offs for coexistence is widely known, we lack an understanding and the empirical evidence of how the variety of differently shaped trade-offs at multiple trophic levels affect biodiversity, trait adaptation and biomass dynamics in food webs. Such mechanistic understanding is crucial for predictions and management decisions that aim to maintain biodiversity and the capability of communities to adapt to environmental change ensuring their persistence. In this dissertation, after a general introduction to predator-prey interactions and tradeoffs, I first focus on trade-offs in the prey between qualitatively different types of defence (e.g. camouflage or escape behaviour) and their costs. I show that these different types lead to different patterns of predator-mediated coexistence and population dynamics, by using a simple predator-prey model. In a second step, I elaborate quantitative aspects of trade-offs and demonstrates that the shape of the trade-off curve in combination with trait-fitness relationships strongly affects competition among different prey types: Either specialized species with extreme trait combinations (undefended or completely defended) coexist, or a species with an intermediate defence level dominates. The developed theory on trade-off shapes and coexistence is kept general, allowing for applications apart from defence-competitiveness trade-offs. Thirdly, I tested the theory on trade-off shapes on a long-term field data set of phytoplankton from Lake Constance. The measured concave trade-off between defence and growth governs seasonal trait changes of phytoplankton in response to an altering grazing pressure by zooplankton, and affects the maintenance of trait variation in the community. In a fourth step, I analyse the interplay of different tradeoffs at multiple trophic levels with plankton data of Lake Constance and a corresponding tritrophic food web model. The results show that the trait and biomass dynamics of the different three trophic levels are interrelated in a trophic biomass-trait cascade, leading to unintuitive patterns of trait changes that are reversed in comparison to predictions from bitrophic systems. Finally, in the general discussion, I extract main ideas on trade-offs in multitrophic systems, develop a graphical theory on trade-off-based coexistence, discuss the interplay of intra- and interspecific trade-offs, and end with a management-oriented view on the results of the dissertation, describing how food webs may respond to future global changes, given their trade-offs.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Baleka2019,
  author    = {Baleka, Sina Isabelle},
  title     = {Palaeogenetic analyses of extinct Elephantidae from temperate and subtropical climates},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xiii, 114},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Haase2019,
  author    = {Haase, Nadin},
  title     = {The nascent peptide chain in the ribosomal exit tunnel},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {105},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Jiang2019,
  author    = {Jiang, Yi},
  title     = {Tailoring surface functions of micro/nanostructured polymeric substrates by thermo-mechanical treatments},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {93},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Schwarzenthal2019,
  author    = {Schwarzenthal, Miriam},
  title     = {Intercultural competence among adolescents attending culturally diverse schools in Germany},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {196},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Seiler2019,
  author    = {Seiler, Sara},
  title     = {Lernleistungen im Sportunterricht},
  series = {Bildung und Sport ; 19},
  journal   = {Bildung und Sport ; 19},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  isbn      = {978-3-658-26648-6},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {405},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Dieses Buch liefert {\"u}berblicksartig Befunde einer Wirkungsforschung im Fach Sport und behandelt Determinanten und Konsequenzen von Leistungen von Sch{\"u}lern und Sch{\"u}lerinnen im Sportunterricht. Ausgehend vom Angebot-Nutzen-Modell (nach Helmke, 2010) analysiert Sara Seiler distale und proximale Merkmale des Lehr-Lern-Prozesses in ihrer Einflussnahme auf Lernleistungen von Sch{\"u}lern und Sch{\"u}lerinnen in einem Mehrebenenmodell. Entgegen einer Reduzierung auf kognitive Lernleistungen werden motorische, motivationale, volitionale und personale Aspekte als Lernleistungen im Sport diskutiert.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Baer2019,
  author    = {B{\"a}r, Roy F.},
  title     = {Grundlagen der wettbewerbsrechtlichen Unternehmensverantwortlichkeit im europ{\"a}ischen Bußgeldverfahren},
  series = {Studienreihe Wirtschaftsrechtliche Forschungsergebnisse ; 207},
  journal   = {Studienreihe Wirtschaftsrechtliche Forschungsergebnisse ; 207},
  publisher = {Kovac},
  address   = {Hamburg},
  isbn      = {978-3-339-10992-7},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {214},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Immer wieder gelingt es Konzernen durch geschickte gesellschaftsrechtliche Konstrukte, ihre Verantwortlichkeit f{\"u}r wettbewerbsrechtliche Verst{\"o}ße auszugliedern oder sich dieser g{\"a}nzlich zu entziehen. Dem begegnet das Europ{\"a}ische Wettbewerbsrecht in Bußgeldverfahren seit einiger Zeit mit der Zusammenfassung rechtlich selbst{\"a}ndiger Gesellschaften zu einem Unternehmen als »wirtschaftliche Einheit«. Diese Untersuchung widmet sich der methodischen Grundlegung dieses wettbewerbsrechtlichen Unternehmensbegriffs. Sie geht zudem der Frage nach, ob er sich auf das Deutsche Wettbewerbsrecht, insbesondere auf kartellrechtliche Schadensersatzklagen {\"u}bertragen l{\"a}sst.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Thiele2019,
  author    = {Thiele, Johannes},
  title     = {Kontextualisiertes Textverstehen im Literaturunterricht},
  publisher = {Schneider},
  address   = {Baltmannsweiler},
  isbn      = {978-3-8340-1952-3},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {XII, 350},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Bei der Arbeit mit literarischen Texten spielen Kontexte f{\"u}r das Verstehen naturgem{\"a}ß eine herausgehobene Rolle. Lehrerinnen und Lehrer sind dabei mit vielf{\"a}ltigen Problemen konfrontiert: Welche Kontexte sind in welchen Jahrgangsstufen sinnvoll und ergiebig? Wann {\"u}berfrachtet die Anreicherung mit Kontexten einen Verstehensprozess, wann ist sie unumg{\"a}nglich? Wie gelingt es, dass Lernende Kontexte nicht nur schematisch, sondern flexibel f{\"u}r das Verstehen einsetzen? Wie k{\"o}nnen die Forderungen der Bildungsstandards und Lehrpl{\"a}ne nach einer intensiven Kontextualisierung im Unterricht konkret umgesetzt werden? Der vorliegende Band gibt auf diese Fragen anwendungsorientierte Antworten. Dies geschieht auf drei Ebenen: Zum einen wird {\"u}ber einen analytischen Zugang der Kontextbegriff systematisiert (mit den Kontextbereichen Gattung, Literaturgeschichte, Autorbiografie und Intertextualit{\"a}t), zum anderen wird in einer empirischen Studie die Wirksamkeit reflektierter Kontextnutzung f{\"u}r das Textverstehen verdeutlicht. Drittens werden erprobte Modelle f{\"u}r den konkreten Einsatz im Unterricht vorgestellt und diskutiert. So k{\"o}nnen Kontexte als ein ergiebiges Werkzeug f{\"u}r den Unterricht bereitgestellt werden.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Liu2019,
  author    = {Liu, Jiabo},
  title     = {Dynamics of the geomagnetic field during the last glacial},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42946},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-429461},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xv, 158},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Geomagnetic paleosecular variations (PSVs) are an expression of geodynamo processes inside the Earth's liquid outer core. These paleomagnetic time series provide insights into the properties of the Earth's magnetic field, from normal behavior with a dominating dipolar geometry, over field crises, such as pronounced intensity lows and geomagnetic excursions with a distorted field geometry, to the complete reversal of the dominating dipole contribution. Particularly, long-term high-resolution and high-quality PSV time series are needed for properly reconstructing the higher frequency components in the spectrum of geomagnetic field variations and for a better understanding of the effects of smoothing during the recording of such paleomagnetic records by sedimentary archives. In this doctorate study, full vector paleomagnetic records were derived from 16 sediment cores recovered from the southeastern Black Sea. Age models are based on radiocarbon dating and correlations of warming/cooling cycles monitored by high-resolution X-ray fluorescence (XRF) elementary ratios as well as ice-rafted debris (IRD) in Black Sea sediments to the sequence of 'Dansgaard-Oeschger' (DO) events defined from Greenland ice core oxygen isotope stratigraphy. In order to identify the carriers of magnetization in Black Sea sediments, core MSM33-55-1 recovered from the southeast Black Sea was subjected to detailed rock magnetic and electron microscopy investigations. The younger part of core MSM33-55-1 was continuously deposited since 41 ka. Before 17.5 ka, the magnetic minerals were dominated by a mixture of greigite (Fe3S4) and titanomagnetite (Fe3-xTixO4) in samples with SIRM/κLF >10 kAm-1, or exclusively by titanomagnetite in samples with SIRM/κLF ≤10 kAm-1. It was found that greigite is generally present as crustal aggregates in locally reducing micro-environments. From 17.5 ka to 8.3 ka, the dominant magnetic mineral in this transition phase was changing from greigite (17.5 - ~10.0 ka) to probably silicate-hosted titanomagnetite (~10.0 - 8.3 ka). After 8.3 ka, the anoxic Black Sea was a favorable environment for the formation of non-magnetic pyrite (FeS2) framboids. Aiming to avoid compromising of paleomagnetic data by erroneous directions carried by greigite, paleomagnetic data from samples with SIRM/κLF >10 kAm-1, shown to contain greigite by various methods, were removed from obtained records. Consequently, full vector paleomagnetic records, comprising directional data and relative paleointensity (rPI), were derived only from samples with SIRM/κLF ≤10 kAm-1 from 16 Black Sea sediment cores. The obtained data sets were used to create a stack covering the time window between 68.9 and 14.5 ka with temporal resolution between 40 and 100 years, depending on sedimentation rates. At 64.5 ka, according to obtained results from Black Sea sediments, the second deepest minimum in relative paleointensity during the past 69 ka occurred. The field minimum during MIS 4 is associated with large declination swings beginning about 3 ka before the minimum. While a swing to 50°E is associated with steep inclinations (50-60°) according to the coring site at 42°N, the subsequent declination swing to 30°W is associated with shallow inclinations of down to 40°. Nevertheless, these large deviations from the direction of a geocentric axial dipole field (I=61°, D=0°) still can not yet be termed as 'excursional', since latitudes of corresponding VGPs only reach down to 51.5°N (120°E) and 61.5°N (75°W), respectively. However, these VGP positions at opposite sides of the globe are linked with VGP drift rates of up to 0.2° per year in between. These extreme secular variations might be the mid-latitude expression of the Norwegian-Greenland Sea excursion found at several sites much further North in Arctic marine sediments between 69°N and 81°N. At about 34.5 ka, the Mono Lake excursion is evidenced in the stacked Black Sea PSV record by both a rPI minimum and directional shifts. Associated VGPs from stacked Black Sea data migrated from Alaska, via central Asia and the Tibetan Plateau, to Greenland, performing a clockwise loop. This agrees with data recorded in the Wilson Creek Formation, USA., and Arctic sediment core PS2644-5 from the Iceland Sea, suggesting a dominant dipole field. On the other hand, the Auckland lava flows, New Zealand, the Summer Lake, USA., and Arctic sediment core from ODP Site-919 yield distinct VGPs located in the central Pacific Ocean due to a presumably non-dipole (multi-pole) field configuration. A directional anomaly at 18.5 ka, associated with pronounced swings in inclination and declination, as well as a low in rPI, is probably contemporaneous with the Hilina Pali excursion, originally reported from Hawaiian lava flows. However, virtual geomagnetic poles (VGPs) calculated from Black Sea sediments are not located at latitudes lower than 60° N, which denotes normal, though pronounced secular variations. During the postulated Hilina Pali excursion, the VGPs calculated from Black Sea data migrated clockwise only along the coasts of the Arctic Ocean from NE Canada (20.0 ka), via Alaska (18.6 ka) and NE Siberia (18.0 ka) to Svalbard (17.0 ka), then looping clockwise through the Eastern Arctic Ocean. In addition to the Mono Lake and the Norwegian-Greenland Sea excursions, the Laschamp excursion was evidenced in the Black Sea PSV record with the lowest paleointensities at about 41.6 ka and a short-term (~500 years) full reversal centered at 41 ka. These excursions are further evidenced by an abnormal PSV index, though only the Laschamp and the Mono Lake excursions exhibit excursional VGP positions. The stacked Black Sea paleomagnetic record was also converted into one component parallel to the direction expected from a geocentric axial dipole (GAD) and two components perpendicular to it, representing only non-GAD components of the geomagnetic field. The Laschamp and the Norwegian-Greenland Sea excursions are characterized by extremely low GAD components, while the Mono Lake excursion is marked by large non-GAD contributions. Notably, negative values of the GAD component, indicating a fully reversed geomagnetic field, are observed only during the Laschamp excursion. In summary, this doctoral thesis reconstructed high-resolution and high-fidelity PSV records from SE Black Sea sediments. The obtained record comprises three geomagnetic excursions, the Norwegian-Greenland Sea excursion, the Laschamp excursion, and the Mono Lake excursion. They are characterized by abnormal secular variations of different amplitudes centered at about 64.5 ka, 41.0 ka and 34.5 ka, respectively. In addition, the obtained PSV record from the Black Sea do not provide evidence for the postulated 'Hilina Pali excursion' at about 18.5 ka. Anyway, the obtained Black Sea paleomagnetic record, covering field fluctuations from normal secular variations, over excursions, to a short but full reversal, points to a geomagnetic field characterized by a large dynamic range in intensity and a highly variable superposition of dipole and non-dipole contributions from the geodynamo during the past 68.9 to 14.5 ka.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Herrmann2019,
  author    = {Herrmann, Johannes},
  title     = {The mechanical behavior of shales},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42968},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-429683},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {XIII, 156},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {The thesis comprises three experimental studies, which were carried out to unravel the short- as well as the long-term mechanical properties of shale rocks. Short-term mechanical properties such as compressive strength and Young's modulus were taken from recorded stress-strain curves of constant strain rate tests. Long-term mechanical properties are represented by the time- dependent creep behavior of shales. This was obtained from constant stress experiments, where the test duration ranged from a couple minutes up to two weeks. A profound knowledge of the mechanical behavior of shales is crucial to reliably estimate the potential of a shale reservoir for an economical and sustainable extraction of hydrocarbons (HC). In addition, healing of clay-rich forming cap rocks involving creep and compaction is important for underground storage of carbon dioxide and nuclear waste. Chapter 1 introduces general aspects of the research topic at hand and highlights the motivation for conducting this study. At present, a shift from energy recovered from conventional resources e.g., coal towards energy provided by renewable resources such as wind or water is a big challenge. Gas recovered from unconventional reservoirs (shale plays) is considered a potential bridge technology. In Chapter 2, short-term mechanical properties of two European mature shale rocks are presented, which were determined from constant strain rate experiments performed at ambient and in situ deformation conditions (confining pressure, pc ≤ 100 MPa, temperature, T ≤ 125 °C, representing pc, T - conditions at < 4 km depth) using a Paterson- type gas deformation apparatus. The investigated shales were mainly from drill core material of Posidonia (Germany) shale and weathered material of Bowland (United Kingdom) shale. The results are compared with mechanical properties of North American shales. Triaxial compression tests performed perpendicular to bedding revealed semibrittle deformation behavior of Posidonia shale with pronounced inelastic deformation. This is in contrast to Bowland shale samples that deformed brittle and displayed predominantly elastic deformation. The static Young's modulus, E, and triaxial compressive strength, σTCS, determined from recorded stress-strain curves strongly depended on the applied confining pressure and sample composition, whereas the influence of temperature and strain rate on E and σTCS was minor. Shales with larger amounts of weak minerals (clay, mica, total organic carbon) yielded decreasing E and σTCS. This may be related to a shift from deformation supported by a load-bearing framework of hard phases (e.g., quartz) towards deformation of interconnected weak minerals, particularly for higher fractions of about 25 - 30 vol\% weak phases. Comparing mechanical properties determined at reservoir conditions with mechanical data applying effective medium theories revealed that E and σTCS of Posidonia and Bowland shale are close to the lower (Reuss) bound. Brittleness B is often quoted as a measure indicating the response of a shale formation to stimulation and economic production. The brittleness, B, of Posidonia and Bowland shale, estimated from E, is in good agreement with the experimental results. This correlation may be useful to predict B from sonic logs, from which the (dynamic) Young's modulus can be retrieved. Chapter 3 presents a study of the long-term creep properties of an immature Posidonia shale. Constant stress experiments (σ = const.) were performed at elevated confining pressures (pc = 50 - 200 MPa) and temperatures (T = 50 - 200 °C) to simulate reservoir pc, T - conditions. The Posidonia shale samples were acquired from a quarry in South Germany. At stresses below ≈ 84 \% compressive strength of Posidonia shale, at high temperature and low confining pressure, samples showed pronounced transient (primary) creep with high deformation rates in the semibrittle regime. Sample deformation was mainly accommodated by creep of weak sample constituents and pore space reduction. An empirical power law relation between strain and time, which also accounts for the influence of pc, T and σ on creep strain was formulated to describe the primary creep phase. Extrapolation of the results to a creep period of several years, which is the typical time interval for a large production decline, suggest that fracture closure is unlikely at low stresses. At high stresses as expected for example at the contact between the fracture surfaces and proppants added during stimulation measures, subcritical crack growth may lead to secondary and tertiary creep. An empirical power law is suggested to describe secondary creep of shale rocks as a function of stress, pressure and temperature. The predicted closure rates agree with typical production decline curves recorded during the extraction of hydrocarbons. At the investigated conditions, the creep behavior of Posidonia shale was found to correlate with brittleness, calculated from sample composition. In Chapter 4 the creep properties of mature Posidonia and Bowland shales are presented. The observed long-term creep behavior is compared to the short-term behavior determined in Chapter 2. Creep experiments were performed at simulated reservoir conditions of pc = 50 - 115 MPa and T = 75 - 150 °C. Similar to the mechanical response of immature Posidonia shale samples investigated in Chapter 3, creep strain rates of mature Bowland and Posidonia shales were enhanced with increasing stress and temperature and decreasing confining pressures. Depending on applied deformation conditions, samples displayed either only a primary (decelerating) or in addition also a secondary (quasi-steady state) and subsequently a tertiary (accelerating) creep phase before failure. At the same deformation conditions, creep strain of Posidonia shale, which is rich in weak constituents, is tremendously higher than of quartz-rich Bowland shale. Typically, primary creep strain is again mostly accommodated by deformation of weak minerals and local pore space reduction. At the onset of tertiary creep most of the deformation was accommodated by micro crack growth. A power law was used to characterize the primary creep phase of Posidonia and Bowland shale. Primary creep strain of shale rocks is inversely correlated to triaxial compressive strength and brittleness, as described in Chapter 2. Chapter 5 provides a synthesis of the experimental findings and summarizes the major results of the studies presented in Chapters 2 - 4 and potential applications in the Exploration \& Production industry. Chapter 6 gives a brief outlook on potential future experimental research that would help to further improve our understanding of processes leading to fracture closure involving proppant embedment in unconventional shale gas reservoirs. Such insights may allow to improve stimulation techniques aimed at maintaining economical extraction of hydrocarbons over several years.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Nikkhoo2019,
  author    = {Nikkhoo, Mehdi},
  title     = {Analytical and numerical elastic dislocation models of volcano deformation processes},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42972},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-429720},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {x, 175},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {The advances in modern geodetic techniques such as the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) provide surface deformation measurements with an unprecedented accuracy and temporal and spatial resolutions even at most remote volcanoes on Earth. Modelling of the high-quality geodetic data is crucial for understanding the underlying physics of volcano deformation processes. Among various approaches, mathematical models are the most effective for establishing a quantitative link between the surface displacements and the shape and strength of deformation sources. Advancing the geodetic data analyses and hence, the knowledge on the Earth's interior processes, demands sophisticated and efficient deformation modelling approaches. Yet the majority of these models rely on simplistic assumptions for deformation source geometries and ignore complexities such as the Earth's surface topography and interactions between multiple sources. This thesis addresses this problem in the context of analytical and numerical volcano deformation modelling. In the first part, new analytical solutions for triangular dislocations (TDs) in uniform infinite and semi-infinite elastic media have been developed. Through a comprehensive investigation, the locations and causes of artefact singularities and numerical instabilities associated with TDs have been determined and these long-standing drawbacks have been addressed thoroughly. This approach has then been extended to rectangular dislocations (RDs) with full rotational degrees of freedom. Using this solution in a configuration of three orthogonal RDs a compound dislocation model (CDM) has been developed. The CDM can represent generalized volumetric and planar deformation sources efficiently. Thus, the CDM is relevant for rapid inversions in early warning systems and can also be used for detailed deformation analyses. In order to account for complex source geometries and realistic topography in the deformation models, in this thesis the boundary element method (BEM) has been applied to the new solutions for TDs. In this scheme, complex surfaces are simulated as a continuous mesh of TDs that may possess any displacement or stress boundary conditions in the BEM calculations. In the second part of this thesis, the developed modelling techniques have been applied to five different real-world deformation scenarios. As the first and second case studies the deformation sources associated with the 2015 Calbuco eruption and 2013-2016 Copahue inflation period have been constrained by using the CDM. The highly anisotropic source geometries in these two cases highlight the importance of using generalized deformation models such as the CDM, for geodetic data inversions. The other three case studies in this thesis involve high-resolution dislocation models and BEM calculations. As the third case, the 2013 pre-explosive inflation of Volc{\´a}n de Colima has been simulated by using two ellipsoidal cavities, which locate zones of pressurization in the volcano's lava dome. The fourth case study, which serves as an example for volcanotectonics interactions, the 3-D kinematics of an active ring-fault at Tend{\"u}rek volcano has been investigated through modelling displacement time series over the 2003-2010 time period. As the fifth example, the deformation sources associated with North Korea's underground nuclear test in September 2017 have been constrained. These examples demonstrate the advancement and increasing level of complexity and the general applicability of the developed dislocation modelling techniques. This thesis establishes a unified framework for rapid and high-resolution dislocation modelling, which in addition to volcano deformations can also be applied to tectonic and humanmade deformations.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Codeco2019,
  author    = {Codeco, Marta Sofia Ferreira},
  title     = {Constraining the hydrology at Minas da Panasqueira W-Sn-Cu deposit, Portugal},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42975},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-429752},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xxviii, 232},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {This dissertation combines field and geochemical observations and analyses with numerical modeling to understand the formation of vein-hosted Sn-W ore in the Panasqueira deposit of Portugal, which is among the ten largest worldwide. The deposit is located above a granite body that is altered by magmatic-hydrothermal fluids in its upper part (greisen). These fluids are thought to be the source of metals, but that was still under debate. The goal of this study is to determine the composition and temperature of hydrothermal fluids at Panasqueira, and with that information to construct a numerical model of the hydrothermal system. The focus is on analysis of the minerals tourmaline and white mica, which formed during mineralization and are widespread throughout the deposit. Tourmaline occurs mainly in alteration zones around mineralized veins and is less abundant in the vein margins. White mica is more widespread. It is abundant in vein margins as well as alteration zones, and also occurs in the granite greisen. The laboratory work involved in-situ microanalysis of major- and trace elements in tourmaline and white mica, and boron-isotope analysis in both minerals by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). The boron-isotope composition of tourmaline and white mica suggests a magmatic source. Comparison of hydrothermally-altered and unaltered rocks from drill cores shows that the ore metals (W, Sn, Cu, and Zn) and As, F, Li, Rb, and Cs were introduced during the alteration. Most of these elements are also enriched in tourmaline and mica, which confirms their potential value as exploration guides to Sn-W ores elsewhere. The thermal evolution of the hydrothermal system was estimated by B-isotope exchange thermometry and the Ti-in-quartz method. Both methods yielded similar temperatures for the early hydrothermal phase: 430° to 460°C for B-isotopes and 503° ± 24°C for Ti-in-quartz. Mineral pairs from a late fault zone yield significantly lower median temperatures of 250°C. The combined results of thermometry with variations in chemical and B-isotope composition of tourmaline and mica suggest that a similar magmatic-hydrothermal fluid was active at all stages of mineralization. Mineralization in the late stage shows the same B-isotope composition as in the main stage despite a ca. 250°C cooling, which supports a multiple injection model of magmatic-hydrothermal fluids. Two-dimensional numerical simulations of convection in a multiphase NaCl hydrothermal system were conducted: (a) in order to test a new approach (lower dimensional elements) for flow through fractures and faults and (b) in order to identify conditions for horizontal fluid flow as observed in the flat-lying veins at Panasqueira. The results show that fluid flow over an intrusion (heat and fluid source) develops a horizontal component if there is sufficient fracture connectivity. Late, steep fault zones have been identified in the deposit area, which locally contain low-temperature Zn-Pb mineralization. The model results confirm that the presence of subvertical faults with enhanced permeability play a crucial role in the ascent of magmatic fluids to the surface and the recharge of meteoric waters. Finally, our model results suggest that recharge of meteoric fluids and mixing processes may be important at later stages, while flow of magmatic fluids dominate the early stages of the hydrothermal fluid circulation.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Gonschorek2019,
  author    = {Gonschorek, Julia},
  title     = {Konzeption und prototypische Umsetzung eines regelbasierten Prozesses zur geovisuellen Auswertung massiver raumzeitlicher Datenbest{\"a}nde von Feuerwehreins{\"a}tzen},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {80},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Riedel2019,
  author    = {Riedel, Simona},
  title     = {Characterization of Mitochondrial ABC Transporter Homologues in Rhodobacter capsulatus},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {127},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {ABC-Transporter (ABC abgeleitet von ATP-Binding Cassette) geh{\"o}ren zur Klasse der Transmembran-Proteine und kommen in allen drei Dom{\"a}nen des Lebens vor. Ihr struktureller Aufbau ist dabei stets {\"a}hnlich, wohingegen konservierte Proteinsequenzen selten vorkommen. Die Transporter sind aus zwei lipophilen, membran-durchspannenden Dom{\"a}nen, welche auch TMDs (abgeleitet von Transmembrane spanning Domains) genannt werden, und zwei hydrophilen Dom{\"a}nen, die auch NBDs (abgeleitet von Nucleotide Binding Domains) genannt werden, aufgebaut. Die Vielzahl der durch ABC-Transporter bef{\"o}rderten Molek{\"u}le erkl{\"a}rt dabei die enorme Anzahl diverser TMDs. In den Mitochondrien des Menschen findet man vier ABC-Transporter (ABCB6, ABCB7, ABCB8 und ABCB10) mit funktionellen Homologen in Hefen und Pflanzen. In Bakterien hingegen k{\"o}nnen, mit Ausnahme von Rickettsiae und verwandten Bakterien, keine Homologen zu mitochondrialen ABC-Transportern identifiziert werden. Die transportierten Molek{\"u}le sowie die damit verbundenen Funktionen sind im Einzelnen bislang weitgehend unbekannt. ABCB7 und die entsprechenden Homologen in Hefen (Atm1) und in Pflanzen (ATM3) konnten mit der cytosolischen Eisen-Schwefel-Cluster-Biosynthese in Zusammenhang gebracht werden. Eine schwefelhaltige Verbindung der mitochondrialen Matrix wird mit Hilfe dieses Transporters der cytosolischen Eisen-Schwefel-Cluster-Assemblierung zur Verf{\"u}gung gestellt. Die 2014 publizierten Kristallstrukturen von Atm1 (Hefe) und Atm1 aus Novosphingobium aromaticivorans offenbarten dabei eine hoch konservierte Glutathion-Bindetasche innerhalb der TMDs f{\"u}r ABCB7 Homologe. In der Modellpflanze Arabidopsis thaliana konnte ATM3 zus{\"a}tzlich mit der Biosynthese des Molybd{\"a}n-Cofaktors in Verbindung gebracht werden. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde das α-Proteobacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus als Modellorganismus genutzt, um mitochondriale ABC-Transporter Homologe zu untersuchen. Das Bakterium enth{\"a}lt zwei ABC-Transporter-Gene, rcc03139 und rcc02305, die mit den humanen mitochondrialen Transportern große Sequenz{\"u}bereinstimmungen aufweisen (rcc03139: 41 \% respektive 38 \% Identit{\"a}t mit ABCB8 und ABCB10, rcc02305: 47 \% identisch mit ABCB7 und ABCB6). Mit Hilfe erzeugter Interposon-Mutanten (Δrcc02305I und Δrcc03139I) konnte erstmals gezeigt werden, dass bakterielle Transporter funktionell sehr {\"a}hnliche Aufgaben wie die mitochondrialen ABC-Transporter {\"u}bernehmen. Beispielsweise akkumulierten beide Interposon-Mutanten reaktive Sauerstoff-Spezies (ROS) ohne gleichzeitige Akkumulation von Glutathion oder Eisen. Weiterhin konnten wir zeigen, dass, {\"a}hnlich wie bereits f{\"u}r ATM3 postuliert, die Biosynthese des Molybd{\"a}n-Cofaktors in Δrcc02305I ver{\"a}ndert ist. Mit Hilfe einer lebensf{\"a}higen Doppelmutante, in der beide ABC-Transporter-Gene gleichzeitig deletiert wurden, konnten wir ausschließen, dass die beiden bakteriellen ABC-Transporter grunds{\"a}tzlich redundante Funktionen haben. Durch die Analyse des Proteoms von Δrcc03139I im Vergleich zu der des Wildtyps, konnte eine extreme Beeinflussung der Tetrapyrrol Biosynthese sowie entsprechender Zielproteine identifiziert werden. Dies konnte zus{\"a}tzlich durch die Quantifizierung einzelner Zwischenprodukte der Biosynthese best{\"a}tigt werden. Im Gegensatz dazu konnte anhand der Analyse des Proteoms in Verbindung mit analytischen Methoden in Δrcc02305I ein Ungleichgewicht in der Schwefelverteilung identifiziert werden. Zusammen mit der Entdeckung einer Pyridoxalphosphat (PLP) Bindestelle in Rcc02305 und anderen ABCB7-artigen Transportern, welche direkt mit dem Walker-A-Motiv der NBD {\"u}berlappt, erm{\"o}glichte dies eine v{\"o}llig neue Theorie, wie die schwefelhaltige Verbindung transportiert werden kann. Wir gehen davon aus, dass an PLP zun{\"a}chst ein Persulfid produziert wird, welches unmittelbar mit dem Glutathion der transmembranen Bindetasche zu einem gemischten Polysulfid reagiert. Im Anschluss daran wird die ATP-Bindestelle frei und die Hydrolyse des ATPs l{\"o}st eine Konformations{\"a}nderung aus, welche das gemischte Polysulfid ins Periplasma bzw. in den intermembranen Raum freigibt.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{LopezGarcia2019,
  author    = {L{\´o}pez Garc{\´i}a, Patricia},
  title     = {Coiled coils as mechanical building blocks},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42956},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-429568},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xi, 130},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {The natural abundance of Coiled Coil (CC) motifs in cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix proteins suggests that CCs play an important role as passive (structural) and active (regulatory) mechanical building blocks. CCs are self-assembled superhelical structures consisting of 2-7 α-helices. Self-assembly is driven by hydrophobic and ionic interactions, while the helix propensity of the individual helices contributes additional stability to the structure. As a direct result of this simple sequence-structure relationship, CCs serve as templates for protein design and sequences with a pre-defined thermodynamic stability have been synthesized de novo. Despite this quickly increasing knowledge and the vast number of possible CC applications, the mechanical function of CCs has been largely overlooked and little is known about how different CC design parameters determine the mechanical stability of CCs. Once available, this knowledge will open up new applications for CCs as nanomechanical building blocks, e.g. in biomaterials and nanobiotechnology. With the goal of shedding light on the sequence-structure-mechanics relationship of CCs, a well-characterized heterodimeric CC was utilized as a model system. The sequence of this model system was systematically modified to investigate how different design parameters affect the CC response when the force is applied to opposing termini in a shear geometry or separated in a zipper-like fashion from the same termini (unzip geometry). The force was applied using an atomic force microscope set-up and dynamic single-molecule force spectroscopy was performed to determine the rupture forces and energy landscape properties of the CC heterodimers under study. Using force as a denaturant, CC chain separation is initiated by helix uncoiling from the force application points. In the shear geometry, this allows uncoiling-assisted sliding parallel to the force vector or dissociation perpendicular to the force vector. Both competing processes involve the opening of stabilizing hydrophobic (and ionic) interactions. Also in the unzip geometry, helix uncoiling precedes the rupture of hydrophobic contacts. In a first series of experiments, the focus was placed on canonical modifications in the hydrophobic core and the helix propensity. Using the shear geometry, it was shown that both a reduced core packing and helix propensity lower the thermodynamic and mechanical stability of the CC; however, with different effects on the energy landscape of the system. A less tightly packed hydrophobic core increases the distance to the transition state, with only a small effect on the barrier height. This originates from a more dynamic and less tightly packed core, which provides more degrees of freedom to respond to the applied force in the direction of the force vector. In contrast, a reduced helix propensity decreases both the distance to the transition state and the barrier height. The helices are 'easier' to unfold and the remaining structure is less thermodynamically stable so that dissociation perpendicular to the force axis can occur at smaller deformations. Having elucidated how canonical sequence modifications influence CC mechanics, the pulling geometry was investigated in the next step. Using one and the same sequence, the force application points were exchanged and two different shear and one unzipping geometry were compared. It was shown that the pulling geometry determines the mechanical stability of the CC. Different rupture forces were observed in the different shear as well as in the unzipping geometries, suggesting that chain separation follows different pathways on the energy landscape. Whereas the difference between CC shearing and unzipping was anticipated and has also been observed for other biological structures, the observed difference for the two shear geometries was less expected. It can be explained with the structural asymmetry of the CC heterodimer. It is proposed that the direction of the α-helices, the different local helix propensities and the position of a polar asparagine in the hydrophobic core are responsible for the observed difference in the chain separation pathways. In combination, these factors are considered to influence the interplay between processes parallel and perpendicular to the force axis. To obtain more detailed insights into the role of helix stability, helical turns were reinforced locally using artificial constraints in the form of covalent and dynamic 'staples'. A covalent staple bridges to adjacent helical turns, thus protecting them against uncoiling. The staple was inserted directly at the point of force application in one helix or in the same terminus of the other helix, which did not experience the force directly. It was shown that preventing helix uncoiling at the point of force application reduces the distance to the transition state while slightly increasing the barrier height. This confirms that helix uncoiling is critically important for CC chain separation. When inserted into the second helix, this stabilizing effect is transferred across the hydrophobic core and protects the force-loaded turns against uncoiling. If both helices were stapled, no additional increase in mechanical stability was observed. When replacing the covalent staple with a dynamic metal-coordination bond, a smaller decrease in the distance to the transition was observed, suggesting that the staple opens up while the CC is under load. Using fluorinated amino acids as another type of non-natural modification, it was investigated how the enhanced hydrophobicity and the altered packing at the interface influences CC mechanics. The fluorinated amino acid was inserted into one central heptad of one or both α-helices. It was shown that this substitution destabilized the CC thermodynamically and mechanically. Specifically, the barrier height was decreased and the distance to the transition state increased. This suggests that a possible stabilizing effect of the increased hydrophobicity is overruled by a disturbed packing, which originates from a bad fit of the fluorinated amino acid into the local environment. This in turn increases the flexibility at the interface, as also observed for the hydrophobic core substitution described above. In combination, this confirms that the arrangement of the hydrophobic side chains is an additional crucial factor determining the mechanical stability of CCs. In conclusion, this work shows that knowledge of the thermodynamic stability alone is not sufficient to predict the mechanical stability of CCs. It is the interplay between helix propensity and hydrophobic core packing that defines the sequence-structure-mechanics relationship. In combination, both parameters determine the relative contribution of processes parallel and perpendicular to the force axis, i.e. helix uncoiling and uncoiling-assisted sliding as well as dissociation. This new mechanistic knowledge provides insight into the mechanical function of CCs in tissues and opens up the road for designing CCs with pre-defined mechanical properties. The library of mechanically characterized CCs developed in this work is a powerful starting point for a wide spectrum of applications, ranging from molecular force sensors to mechanosensitive crosslinks in protein nanostructures and synthetic extracellular matrix mimics.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Peter2019,
  author    = {Peter, Franziska},
  title     = {Transition to synchrony in finite Kuramoto ensembles},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42916},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-429168},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {vi, 93},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Synchronisation - die Ann{\"a}herung der Rhythmen gekoppelter selbst oszillierender Systeme - ist ein faszinierendes dynamisches Ph{\"a}nomen, das in vielen biologischen, sozialen und technischen Systemen auftritt. Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit Synchronisation in endlichen Ensembles schwach gekoppelter selbst-erhaltender Oszillatoren mit unterschiedlichen nat{\"u}rlichen Frequenzen. Das Standardmodell f{\"u}r dieses kollektive Ph{\"a}nomen ist das Kuramoto-Modell - unter anderem aufgrund seiner L{\"o}sbarkeit im thermodynamischen Limes unendlich vieler Oszillatoren. {\"A}hnlich einem thermodynamischen Phasen{\"u}bergang zeigt im Fall unendlich vieler Oszillatoren ein Ordnungsparameter den {\"U}bergang von Inkoh{\"a}renz zu einem partiell synchronen Zustand an, in dem ein Teil der Oszillatoren mit einer gemeinsamen Frequenz rotiert. Im endlichen Fall treten Fluktuationen auf. In dieser Arbeit betrachten wir den bisher wenig beachteten Fall von bis zu wenigen hundert Oszillatoren, unter denen vergleichbar starke Fluktuationen auftreten, bei denen aber ein Vergleich zu Frequenzverteilungen im unendlichen Fall m{\"o}glich ist. Zun{\"a}chst definieren wir einen alternativen Ordnungsparameter zur Feststellung einer kollektiven Mode im endlichen Kuramoto-Modell. Dann pr{\"u}fen wir die Abh{\"a}ngigkeit des Synchronisationsgrades und der mittleren Rotationsfrequenz der kollektiven Mode von Eigenschaften der nat{\"u}rlichen Frequenzverteilung f{\"u}r verschiedene Kopplungsst{\"a}rken. Wir stellen dabei zun{\"a}chst numerisch fest, dass der Synchronisationsgrad stark von der Form der Verteilung (gemessen durch die Kurtosis) und die Rotationsfrequenz der kollektiven Mode stark von der Asymmetrie der Verteilung (gemessen durch die Schiefe) der nat{\"u}rlichen Frequenzen abh{\"a}ngt. Beides k{\"o}nnen wir im thermodynamischen Limes analytisch verifizieren. Mit diesen Ergebnissen k{\"o}nnen wir Erkenntnisse anderer Autoren besser verstehen und verallgemeinern. Etwas abseits des roten Fadens dieser Arbeit finden wir außerdem einen analytischen Ausdruck f{\"u}r die Volumenkontraktion im Phasenraum. Der zweite Teil der Arbeit konzentriert sich auf den ordnenden Effekt von Fluktuationen, die durch die Endlichkeit des Systems zustande kommen. Im unendlichen Modell sind die Oszillatoren eindeutig in koh{\"a}rent und inkoh{\"a}rent und damit in geordnet und ungeordnet getrennt. Im endlichen Fall k{\"o}nnen die auftretenden Fluktuationen zus{\"a}tzliche Ordnung unter den asynchronen Oszillatoren erzeugen. Das grundlegende Prinzip, die rauschinduzierte Synchronisation, ist aus einer Reihe von Publikationen bekannt. Unter den gekoppelten Oszillatoren n{\"a}hern sich die Phasen aufgrund der Fluktuationen des Ordnungsparameters an, wie wir einerseits direkt numerisch zeigen und andererseits mit einem Synchronisationsmaß aus der gerichteten Statistik zwischen Paaren passiver Oszillatoren nachweisen. Wir bestimmen die Abh{\"a}ngigkeit dieses Synchronisationsmaßes vom Verh{\"a}ltnis von paarweiser nat{\"u}rlicher Frequenzdifferenz zur Varianz der Fluktuationen. Dabei finden wir eine gute {\"U}bereinstimmung mit einem einfachen analytischen Modell, in welchem wir die deterministischen Fluktuationen des Ordnungsparameters durch weißes Rauschen ersetzen.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Kurpiers2019,
  author    = {Kurpiers, Jona},
  title     = {Probing the pathways of free charge generation and recombination in organic solar cells},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42909},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-429099},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {VI, 128, xxi},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Organic semiconductors are a promising class of materials. Their special properties are the particularly good absorption, low weight and easy processing into thin films. Therefore, intense research has been devoted to the realization of thin film organic solar cells (OPVs). Because of the low dielectric constant of organic semiconductors, primary excitations (excitons) are strongly bound and a type II heterojunction needs to be introduced to split these excitations into free charges. Therefore, most organic solar cells consist of at least an electron donor and electron acceptor material. For such donor acceptor systems mainly three states are relevant; the photoexcited exciton on the donor or acceptor material, the charge transfer state at the donor-acceptor interface and the charge separated state of a free electron and hole. The interplay between these states significantly determines the efficiency of organic solar cells. Due to the high absorption and the low charge carrier mobilities, the active layers are usually thin but also, exciton dissociation and free charge formation proceeds rapidely, which makes the study of carrier dynamics highly challenging. Therefore, the focus of this work was first to install new experimental setups for the investigation of the charge carrier dynamics in complete devices with superior sensitivity and time resolution and, second, to apply these methods to prototypical photovoltaic materials to address specific questions in the field of organic and hybrid photovoltaics. Regarding the first goal, a new setup combining transient absorption spectroscopy (TAS) and time delayed collection field (TDCF) was designed and installed in Potsdam. An important part of this work concerned the improvement of the electronic components with respect to time resolution and sensitivity. To this end, a highly sensitive amplifier for driving and detecting the device response in TDCF was developed. This system was then applied to selected organic and hybrid model systems with a particular focus on the understanding of the loss mechanisms that limit the fill factor and short circuit current of organic solar cells. The first model system was a hybrid photovoltaic material comprising inorganic quantum dots decorated with organic ligands. Measurements with TDCF revealed fast free carrier recombination, in part assisted by traps, while bias-assisted charge extraction measurements showed high mobility. The measured parameters then served as input for a successful description of the device performance with an analytical model. With a further improvement of the instrumentation, a second topic was the detailed analysis of non-geminate recombination in a disordered polymer:fullerene blend where an important question was the effect of disorder on the carrier dynamics. The measurements revealed that early time highly mobile charges undergo fast non-geminate recombination at the contacts, causing an apparent field dependence of free charge generation in TDCF experiments if not conducted properly. On the other hand, recombination the later time scale was determined by dispersive recombination in the bulk of the active layer, showing the characteristics of carrier dynamics in an exponential density of state distribution. Importantly, the comparison with steady state recombination data suggested a very weak impact of non-thermalized carriers on the recombination properties of the solar cells under application relevant illumination conditions. Finally, temperature and field dependent studies of free charge generation were performed on three donor-acceptor combinations, with two donor polymers of the same material family blended with two different fullerene acceptor molecules. These particular material combinations were chosen to analyze the influence of the energetic and morphology of the blend on the efficiency of charge generation. To this end, activation energies for photocurrent generation were accurately determined for a wide range of excitation energies. The results prove that the formation of free charge is via thermalized charge transfer states and does not involve hot exciton splitting. Surprisingly, activation energies were of the order of thermal energy at room temperature. This led to the important conclusion that organic solar cells perform well not because of predominate high energy pathways but because the thermalized CT states are weakly bound. In addition, a model is introduced to interconnect the dissociation efficiency of the charge transfer state with its recombination observable with photoluminescence, which rules out a previously proposed two-pool model for free charge formation and recombination. Finally, based on the results, proposals for the further development of organic solar cells are formulated.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Sterzel2019,
  author    = {Sterzel, Till},
  title     = {Analyzing global typologies of socio-ecological vulnerability},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42883},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-428837},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {137},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {On a planetary scale human populations need to adapt to both socio-economic and environmental problems amidst rapid global change. This holds true for coupled human-environment (socio-ecological) systems in rural and urban settings alike. Two examples are drylands and urban coasts. Such socio-ecological systems have a global distribution. Therefore, advancing the knowledge base for identifying socio-ecological adaptation needs with local vulnerability assessments alone is infeasible: The systems cover vast areas, while funding, time, and human resources for local assessments are limited. They are lacking in low an middle-income countries (LICs and MICs) in particular. But places in a specific socio-ecological system are not only unique and complex - they also exhibit similarities. A global patchwork of local rural drylands vulnerability assessments of human populations to socio-ecological and environmental problems has already been reduced to a limited number of problem structures, which typically cause vulnerability. However, the question arises whether this is also possible in urban socio-ecological systems. The question also arises whether these typologies provide added value in research beyond global change. Finally, the methodology employed for drylands needs refining and standardizing to increase its uptake in the scientific community. In this dissertation, I set out to fill these three gaps in research. The geographical focus in my dissertation is on LICs and MICs, which generally have lower capacities to adapt, and greater adaptation needs, regarding rapid global change. Using a spatially explicit indicator-based methodology, I combine geospatial and clustering methods to identify typical configurations of key factors in case studies causing vulnerability to human populations in two specific socio-ecological systems. Then I use statistical and analytical methods to interpret and appraise both the typical configurations and the global typologies they constitute. First, I improve the indicator-based methodology and then reanalyze typical global problem structures of socio-ecological drylands vulnerability with seven indicator datasets. The reanalysis confirms the key tenets and produces a more realistic and nuanced typology of eight spatially explicit problem structures, or vulnerability profiles: Two new profiles with typically high natural resource endowment emerge, in which overpopulation has led to medium or high soil erosion. Second, I determine whether the new drylands typology and its socio-ecological vulnerability concept advance a thematically linked scientific debate in human security studies: what drives violent conflict in drylands? The typology is a much better predictor for conflict distribution and incidence in drylands than regression models typically used in peace research. Third, I analyze global problem structures typically causing vulnerability in an urban socio-ecological system - the rapidly urbanizing coastal fringe (RUCF) - with eleven indicator datasets. The RUCF also shows a robust typology, and its seven profiles show huge asymmetries in vulnerability and adaptive capacity. The fastest population increase, lowest income, most ineffective governments, most prevalent poverty, and lowest adaptive capacity are all typically stacked in two profiles in LICs. This shows that beyond local case studies tropical cyclones and/or coastal flooding are neither stalling rapid population growth, nor urban expansion, in the RUCF. I propose entry points for scaling up successful vulnerability reduction strategies in coastal cities within the same vulnerability profile. This dissertation shows that patchworks of local vulnerability assessments can be generalized to structure global socio-ecological vulnerabilities in both rural and urban socio-ecological systems according to typical problems. In terms of climate-related extreme events in the RUCF, conflicting problem structures and means to deal with them are threatening to widen the development gap between LICs and high-income countries unless successful vulnerability reduction measures are comprehensively scaled up. The explanatory power for human security in drylands warrants further applications of the methodology beyond global environmental change research in the future. Thus, analyzing spatially explicit global typologies of socio-ecological vulnerability is a useful complement to local assessments: The typologies provide entry points for where to consider which generic measures to reduce typical problem structures - including the countless places without local assessments. This can save limited time and financial resources for adaptation under rapid global change.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Schulze2019,
  author    = {Schulze, Tanja},
  title     = {Untersuchungen zur Entwicklung und Synthese neuartiger Gelenkst{\"a}be basierend auf Oligospiroketalen},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {174},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Hornick2019,
  author    = {Hornick, Thomas},
  title     = {Impact of climate change effects on diversity and function of pelagic heterotrophic bacteria studied in large-scale mesocosm facilities},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42893},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-428936},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {199},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Seit der Industriellen Revolution steigt die Konzentration von Kohlenstoffdioxid (CO2) und anderen Treibhausgasen in der Erdatmosph{\"a}re stetig an, wodurch wesentliche Prozesse im Erdsystem beeinflusst werden. Dies wird mit dem Begriff „Klimawandel" umschrieben. Aquatische {\"O}kosysteme sind sehr stark davon betroffen, da sie als Integral vieler Prozesse in einer Landschaft fungieren. Ziel dieser Doktorarbeit war zu bestimmen, wie verschiedene Auswirkungen des Klimawandels die Gemeinschaftsstruktur und Aktivit{\"a}t von heterotrophen Bakterien in Gew{\"a}ssern ver{\"a}ndert, welche eine zentrale Rolle bei biogeochemischen Prozessen einnehmen. Diese Arbeit konzentriert sich auf zwei Aspekte des Klimawandels: (1) Ozeane nehmen einen Großteil des atmosph{\"a}rischen CO2 auf, welches im Meerwasser das chemische Gleichgewicht des Karbonatsystems verschiebt („Ozeanversauerung"). (2) Durch kontinuierlichen Anstieg der Erdoberfl{\"a}chentemperatur werden Ver{\"a}nderungen im Klimasystem der Erde vorhergesagt, welche u. a. die H{\"a}ufigkeit und Heftigkeit von episodischen Wetterereignissen (z.B. St{\"u}rme) verst{\"a}rken wird. Insbesondere Sommer-St{\"u}rme sind dabei in der Lage die sommerliche Temperaturschichtung der Wassers{\"a}ule in Seen zu zerst{\"o}ren. Beide Effekte des Klimawandels k{\"o}nnen weitreichende Auswirkungen auf Wasserchemie/-physik sowie die Verteilung von Organismen haben, was mittels Mesokosmen simuliert wurde. Dabei untersuchten wir den Einfluss der Ozeanversauerung auf heterotrophe bakterielle Prozesse in der Ostsee bei geringen Konzentrationen an gel{\"o}sten N{\"a}hrstoffen. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Ozeanversauerungseffekte in Kombination mit N{\"a}hrstofflimitation indirekt das Wachstum von heterotrophen Bakterien durch ver{\"a}nderte trophische Interaktionen beeinflussen k{\"o}nnen und potentiell zu einer Erh{\"o}hung der Autotrophie des {\"O}kosystems f{\"u}hren. In einer weiteren Studie analysierten wir, wie Ozeanversauerung die Umsetzung und Qualit{\"a}t gel{\"o}sten organischen Materials (DOM) durch heterotrophe Bakterien beeinflussen kann. Die Ergebnisse weisen jedoch darauf hin, dass {\"A}nderungen in der DOM-Qualit{\"a}t durch heterotrophe bakterielle Prozesse mit zunehmender Ozeanversauerung unwahrscheinlich sind. Desweiteren wurde der Einfluss eines starken Sommer-Sturmes auf den stratifizierten, oligotroph-mesotrophen Stechlinsee simuliert. Mittels oberfl{\"a}chlicher Durchmischung in Mesokosmen wurde die bestehende Thermokline zerst{\"o}rt und die durchmischte Oberfl{\"a}chenwasserschicht vergr{\"o}ßert. Dies {\"a}nderte die physikalischen und chemischen Gradienten innerhalb der Wassers{\"a}ule. Effekte der Einmischung von Tiefenwasser {\"a}nderten in der Folge die Zusammensetzung der bakteriellen Gemeinschaftsstruktur und stimulierten das Wachstum filament{\"o}ser Cyanobakterien, die zu einer Cyanobakterien-Bl{\"u}te f{\"u}hrte und so maßgeblich die metabolischen Prozesse von heterotrophen Bakterien bestimmte. Unsere Studie gibt ein mechanistisches Verst{\"a}ndnis, wie Sommer-St{\"u}rme bakterielle Gemeinschaften und Prozesse f{\"u}r l{\"a}ngere Zeit w{\"a}hrend der sommerlichen Stratifizierung beeinflussen k{\"o}nnen. Die in dieser Arbeit pr{\"a}sentierten Ergebnisse zeigen Ver{\"a}nderungen bakterieller Gemeinschaften und Prozesse, welche mit dem einhergehenden Klimawandel erwartet werden k{\"o}nnen. Diese sollten bei Beurteilung klimarelevanter Fragen hinsichtlich eines zuk{\"u}nftigen Gew{\"a}sser-managements Ber{\"u}cksichtigung finden.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Streeck2019,
  author    = {Streeck, Eva-Maria},
  title     = {Die rechtsgesch{\"a}ftliche {\"U}bertragung von Kommanditanteilen},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  isbn      = {978-3-658-25348-6},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {XIV, 169},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Dieses Buch befasst sich mit der Anteils{\"u}bertragung von Kommanditanteilen, die von der Rechtsprechung zwar l{\"a}ngst anerkannt ist, jedoch vom Gesetzgeber bislang nicht geregelt wurde. Bei der Eintragung einer solchen Anteils{\"u}bertragung in das Handelsregister unterlaufen in der Praxis h{\"a}ufig Fehler, deren jeweilige haftungsrechtliche Konsequenz die Autorin eingehend untersucht. Im Zentrum der Arbeit steht die These, dass die Nichteintragung des Sonderrechtsnachfolgevermerkes zu keiner doppelten Haftung von Neu- und Altkommanditist f{\"u}hrt.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Reeg2019,
  author    = {Reeg, Jette},
  title     = {Simulating the impact of herbicide drift exposure on non-target terrestrial plant communities},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42907},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-429073},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {178},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {In Europe, almost half of the terrestrial landscape is used for agriculture. Thus, semi-natural habitats such as field margins are substantial for maintaining diversity in intensively managed farmlands. However, plants located at field margins are threatened by agricultural practices such as the application of pesticides within the fields. Pesticides are chemicals developed to control for undesired species within agricultural fields to enhance yields. The use of pesticides implies, however, effects on non-target organisms within and outside of the agricultural fields. Non-target organisms are organisms not intended to be sprayed or controlled for. For example, plants occurring in field margins are not intended to be sprayed, however, can be impaired due to herbicide drift exposure. The authorization of plant protection products such as herbicides requires risk assessments to ensure that the application of the product has no unacceptable effects on the environment. For non-target terrestrial plants (NTTPs), the risk assessment is based on standardized greenhouse studies on plant individual level. To account for the protection of plant populations and communities under realistic field conditions, i.e. extrapolating from greenhouse studies to field conditions and from individual-level to community-level, assessment factors are applied. However, recent studies question the current risk assessment scheme to meet the specific protection goals for non-target terrestrial plants as suggested by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). There is a need to clarify the gaps of the current risk assessment and to include suitable higher tier options in the upcoming guidance document for non-target terrestrial plants. In my thesis, I studied the impact of herbicide drift exposure on NTTP communities using a mechanistic modelling approach. I addressed main gaps and uncertainties of the current risk assessment and finally suggested this modelling approach as a novel higher tier option in future risk assessments. Specifically, I extended the plant community model IBC-grass (Individual-based community model for grasslands) to reflect herbicide impacts on plant individuals. In the first study, I compared model predictions of short-term herbicide impacts on artificial plant communities with empirical data. I demonstrated the capability of the model to realistically reflect herbicide impacts. In the second study, I addressed the research question whether or not reproductive endpoints need to be included in future risk assessments to protect plant populations and communities. I compared the consequences of theoretical herbicide impacts on different plant attributes for long-term plant population dynamics in the community context. I concluded that reproductive endpoints only need to be considered if the herbicide effect is assumed to be very high. The endpoints measured in the current vegetative vigour and seedling emergence studies had high impacts for the dynamic of plant populations and communities already at lower effect intensities. Finally, the third study analysed long-term impacts of herbicide application for three different plant communities. This study highlighted the suitability of the modelling approach to simulate different communities and thus detecting sensitive environmental conditions. Overall, my thesis demonstrates the suitability of mechanistic modelling approaches to be used as higher tier options for risk assessments. Specifically, IBC-grass can incorporate available individual-level effect data of standardized greenhouse experiments to extrapolate to community-level under various environmental conditions. Thus, future risk assessments can be improved by detecting sensitive scenarios and including worst-case impacts on non-target plant communities.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Kav2019,
  author    = {Kav, Batuhan},
  title     = {Membrane adhesion mediated via lipid-anchored saccharides},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42879},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-428790},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {125},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Membrane adhesion is a fundamental biological process in which membranes are attached to neighboring membranes or surfaces. Membrane adhesion emerges from a complex interplay between the binding of membrane-anchored receptors/ligands and the membrane properties. In this work, we study membrane adhesion mediated by lipid-anchored saccharides using microsecond-long full-atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. Motivated by neutron scattering experiments on membrane adhesion via lipid-anchored saccharides, we investigate the role of LeX, Lac1, and Lac2 saccharides and membrane fluctuations in membrane adhesion. We study the binding of saccharides in three different systems: for saccharides in water, for saccharides anchored to essentially planar membranes at fixed separations, and for saccharides anchored to apposing fluctuating membranes. Our simulations of two saccharides in water indicate that the saccharides engage in weak interactions to form dimers. We find that the binding occurs in a continuum of bound states instead of a certain number of well-defined bound structures, which we term as "diffuse binding". The binding of saccharides anchored to essentially planar membranes strongly depends on separation of the membranes, which is fixed in our simulation system. We show that the binding constants for trans-interactions of two lipid-anchored saccharides monotonically decrease with increasing separation. Saccharides anchored to the same membrane leaflet engage in cis-interactions with binding constants comparable to the trans-binding constants at the smallest membrane separations. The interplay of cis- and trans-binding can be investigated in simulation systems with many lipid-anchored saccharides. For Lac2, our simulation results indicate a positive cooperativity of trans- and cis-binding. In this cooperative binding the trans-binding constant is enhanced by the cis-interactions. For LeX, in contrast, we observe no cooperativity between trans- and cis-binding. In addition, we determine the forces generated by trans-binding of lipid-anchored saccharides in planar membranes from the binding-induced deviations of the lipid-anchors. We find that the forces acting on trans-bound saccharides increase with increasing membrane separation to values of the order of 10 pN. The binding of saccharides anchored to the fluctuating membranes results from an interplay between the binding properties of the lipid-anchored saccharides and membrane fluctuations. Our simulations, which have the same average separation of the membranes as obtained from the neutron scattering experiments, yield a binding constant larger than in planar membranes with the same separation. This result demonstrates that membrane fluctuations play an important role at average membrane separations which are seemingly too large for effective binding. We further show that the probability distribution of the local separation can be well approximated by a Gaussian distribution. We calculate the relative membrane roughness and show that our results are in good agreement with the roughness values reported from the neutron scattering experiments.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Moffitt2019,
  author    = {Moffitt, Ursula Elinor},
  title     = {On being and belonging},
  series = {Othering, islamophobia, and identity in contemporary Germany},
  journal   = {Othering, islamophobia, and identity in contemporary Germany},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {149},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Tinpun2019,
  author    = {Tinpun, Kittisak},
  title     = {Relative rank of infinite full transformation semigroups with restricted range},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Civitillo2019,
  author    = {Civitillo, Sauro},
  title     = {Teachers' cultural diversity beliefs and culturally responsive practices},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42776},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-427763},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {161},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {The present dissertation about teachers' cultural diversity beliefs and culturally responsive practices includes a general introduction (Chapter 1), a systematic literature review (Chapter 2), three empirical studies (Chapter 3, 4, and 5) and it ends with a general discussion and conclusion (Chapter 6). The major focus of investigation laid in creating a deeper understanding of teachers' beliefs about cultural diversity and how those beliefs are related to teaching practices, which could or could not be considered to be culturally responsive. In this dissertation, I relied on insights from theoretical perspectives that derived from the field of psychology such as social cognitive theory and intergroup ideologies, as well as from the field of multicultural education such as culturally responsive teaching. In Chapter 1, I provide the background of this dissertation, with contextual information regarding the German educational system, the theoretical framework used and the main research objectives of each study. In Chapter 2, I conducted a systematic review of the existing international studies on trainings addressing cultural diversity beliefs with pre-service teachers. More specifically, the aims of the systematic literature review were (1) to provide a description of main components and contextual characteristics of teacher trainings targeting cultural diversity beliefs, (2) report the training effects, and (3) detail the methodological strengths and weaknesses of these studies. By examining the main components and contextual characteristics of teacher trainings, the effects on beliefs about cultural diversity as well as the methodological strengths and weaknesses of these studies in a single review, I took an integrated approach to these three processes. To review the final pool of studies (N = 36) I used a descriptive and narrative approach, relying primarily on the use of words and text to summarise and explain findings of the synthesis. The three empirical studies that follow, all highlight aspects of how far and how teacher beliefs about cultural diversity translate into real-world practices in schools. In Chapter 3, to expand the validity of culturally responsive teaching to the German context, I aimed at verifying the dimensional structure of German version of the Culturally Responsive Classroom Management Self-Efficacy Scale (CRCMSES; Siwatu, Putman, Starker-Glass, \& Lewis, 2015). I conducted Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis, and run correlations between the subscales of the CRCMSES and a measure of cultural diversity- related stress. Data (n = 504) used for the first empirical study (Chapter 3) were collected in the InTePP-project (Inclusive Teaching Professionalization Panel) in which pre-service teachers' competencies and beliefs were assessed longitudinally at two universities: the University of Potsdam and the University of Cologne. In the second empirical study, which forms Chapter 4, the focus is on teachers' practices resembling school approaches to cultural diversity. In this study, I investigated two research questions: (1a) What types of descriptive norms regarding cultural diversity are perceived by teachers and students with and without an immigrant background and (1b) what is their degree of congruence? Additionally, I was also interested in how are teachers' and students' perceptions of descriptive norms about cultural diversity related to practices and artefacts in the physical and virtual school environment? Data for the second empirical study (Chapter 4) were previously collected in a dissertation project of doctor Maja Schachner funded by the federal program "ProExzellenz" of the Free State of Thuringia. Adopting a mixed-methods research design I conducted a secondary analysis of data from teachers' (n = 207) and students' (n = 1,644) gathered in 22 secondary schools in south-west Germany. Additional sources of data in this study were based on pictures of school interiors (hall and corridors) and sixth-grade classrooms' walls (n = 2,995), and screenshots from each school website (n = 6,499). Chapter 5 addresses the question of how culturally responsive teaching, teacher cultural diversity beliefs, and self-reflection on own teaching are related. More specifically, in this study I addressed two research questions: (1) How does CRT relate to teachers' beliefs about incorporating cultural diversity content into daily teaching and learning activities? And (2) how does the level of teachers' self-reflection on their own teaching relate to CRT? For this last empirical chapter, I conducted a multiple case study with four ethnic German teachers who work in one culturally and ethnically diverse high school in Berlin, using classroom video observations and post-observation interviews. In the final chapter (Chapter 6), I summarised the main findings of the systematic literature review and three empirical studies, and discuss their scientific and practical implications. This dissertation makes a significant contribution to the field of educational science to understanding culturally responsive teaching in terms of its measurement, focus on both beliefs and practices and the link between the two, and theoretical, practical, and future study implications.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Solopow2019,
  author    = {Solopow, Sergej},
  title     = {Wavelength dependent demagnetization dynamics in Co2MnGa Heusler-alloy},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42786},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-427860},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {91},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {In dieser Arbeit haben wir ultraschnelle Entmagnetisierung an einer Heusler-Legierung untersucht. Es handelt sich um ein Halbmetall, das sich in einer ferromagnetischen Phase befindet. Die Besonderheit dieses Materials besteht im Aufbau einer Bandstruktur. Diese bildet Zustandsdichten, in der die Majorit{\"a}tselektronen eine metallische B{\"a}nderbildung aufweisen und die Minorit{\"a}tselektronen eine Bandl{\"u}cke in der N{\"a}he des Fermi-Niveaus aufweisen, das dem Aufbau eines Halbleiters entspricht. Mit Hilfe der Pump-Probe-Experimente haben wir zeitaufgel{\"o}ste Messungen durchgef{\"u}hrt. F{\"u}r das Pumpen wurden ultrakurze Laserpulse mit einer Pulsdauer von 100 fs benutzt. Wir haben dabei zwei verschiedene Wellenl{\"a}ngen mit 400 nm und 1240 nm benutzt, um den Effekt der Prim{\"a}ranregung und der Bandl{\"u}cke in den Minorit{\"a}tszust{\"a}nden zu untersuchen. Dabei wurde zum ersten Mal OPA (Optical Parametrical Amplifier) f{\"u}r die Erzeugung der langwelligen Pulse an der FEMTOSPEX-Beamline getestet und erfolgreich bei den Experimenten verwendet. Wir haben Wellenl{\"a}ngen bedingte Unterschiede in der Entmagnetisierungszeit gemessen. Mit der Erh{\"o}hung der Photonenenergie ist der Prozess der Entmagnetisierung deutlich schneller als bei einer niedrigeren Photonenenergie. Wir verkn{\"u}pften diese Ergebnisse mit der Existenz der Energiel{\"u}cke f{\"u}r Minorit{\"a}tselektronen. Mit Hilfe lokaler Elliot-Yafet-Streuprozesse k{\"o}nnen die beobachteten Zeiten gut erkl{\"a}rt werden. Wir haben in dieser Arbeit auch eine neue Probe-Methode f{\"u}r die Magnetisierung angewandt und somit experimentell deren Effektivit{\"a}t, n{\"a}mlich XMCD in Refletiongeometry, best{\"a}tigen k{\"o}nnen. Statische Experimente liefern somit deutliche Indizien daf{\"u}r, dass eine magnetische von einer rein elektronischen Antwort des Systems getrennt werden kann. Unter der Voraussetzung, dass die Photonenenergie der R{\"o}ntgenstrahlung auf die L3 Kante des entsprechenden Elements eingestellt, ein geeigneter Einfallswinkel gew{\"a}hlt und die zirkulare Polarisation fixiert wird, ist es m{\"o}glich, diese Methode zur Analyse magnetischer und elektronischer Respons anzuwenden.},
  language  = {en}
}