@article{Kainz2023, author = {Kainz, Fritz}, title = {Extraterritorial Constitutional Rights}, series = {MenschenRechtsMagazin}, volume = {28}, journal = {MenschenRechtsMagazin}, number = {2}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {2941-1149}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-60996}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-609962}, pages = {140 -- 150}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Im Laufe der vergangenen Jahrzehnte widmeten Lehre und Rechtsprechung der extraterritorialen Anwendbarkeit von Menschenrechtsabkommen erhebliche Aufmerksamkeit. Im Gegensatz fand die extraterritoriale Anwendung verfassungsgesetzlich verankerter Grundrechte nur in den Vereinigten Staaten vergleichbares akademisches Interesse. Insbesondere l{\"a}sst sich ein Mangel an vergleichender Forschung in diesem Bereich feststellen, was zur herrschenden Meinung beitr{\"a}gt, dass internationale Menschenrechtskonventionen den geeigneten Rahmen bieten, unter dem inl{\"a}ndische Gerichte extraterritoriale Fragen des Verfassungsrechts pr{\"u}fen sollten. Dieser Artikel argumentiert, dass inl{\"a}ndische verfassungsrechtliche Regelungen und die zu ihrer Durchsetzung zust{\"a}ndigen Gerichte ein wichtiges Gegengewicht in der festgefahrenen internationalen Extraterritorialit{\"a}tsdebatte spielen sollten. Anhand zweier Fallstudien aus Deutschland und den Vereinigten Staaten wird gezeigt, dass inl{\"a}ndische Verfassungsgerichte manchmal besser geeignet sind als Vertragsorgane, um die Grundwerte der Menschenw{\"u}rde und der Universalit{\"a}t im extraterritorialen Kontext zu wahren. Dies zeigt sich besonders deutlich am Beispiel Deutschlands, das {\"u}ber eine lange Tradition der Integration in internationale Mehrebenensysteme und des grundrechtliche "Bottom-up"-Widerstands innerhalb solcher Systeme verf{\"u}gt. Aktuelle F{\"a}lle des Bundesverfassungsgerichts zur extraterritorialen Anwendung des Grundgesetzes auf ausl{\"a}ndische nachrichtendienstliche Aktivit{\"a}ten und Klimawandel unterst{\"u}tzen diese Theorie. Allerdings kann ein unabh{\"a}ngiger verfassungsrechtlicher Ansatz auch in solchen nationalen Systemen eigenst{\"a}ndige normative Effekte erzielen, welche st{\"a}rker vom internationalen Menschenrechtssystem isoliert sind. So verwendete auch der amerikanische Oberste Gerichtshof (Supreme Court) die inl{\"a}ndische verfassungsrechtliche Doktrin, um die streng territoriale Auslegung des Internationalen Pakts {\"u}ber b{\"u}rgerliche und politische Rechte durch die amerikanische Regierung zu umgehen und einen funktionalen Ansatz f{\"u}r die extraterritoriale Anwendbarkeit von Grundrechten im Fall der Inhaftierung mutmaßlicher Terroristen im Marinest{\"u}tzpunkt von Guant{\´a}namo Bay zu nutzen. Die Untersuchung dieser Beispiele beansprucht nicht, umfassend oder repr{\"a}sentativ die vielf{\"a}ltigen Verfassungen der Welt und ihre Beziehungen zu v{\"o}lkerrechtlichen Menschenrechtsnormen zu untersuchen. Dennoch sollte die unabh{\"a}ngige Wirkung von verfassungsrechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen in diesen beiden disparaten F{\"a}llen umso mehr Anreiz f{\"u}r eine verst{\"a}rkte vergleichende Forschung zu verfassungsrechtlichen Extraterritorialit{\"a}tsregimen und ihrem Beitrag zum Projekt der Menschenrechte bieten.}, language = {en} } @article{Burek2022, author = {Burek, Wojciech}, title = {Reservations to the Istanbul Convention and the role of GREVIO: A call for new approach}, series = {Human rights law review}, volume = {22}, journal = {Human rights law review}, number = {4}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {1461-7781}, doi = {10.1093/hrlr/ngac030}, pages = {1 -- 18}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The question of whether the monitoring bodies have competence concerning reservations is at the centre of the discussion of reservations to human rights treaties that has occupied many international legal scholars over the last few decades. The Istanbul Convention's treaty monitoring body, GREVIO, is the only human rights treaty monitoring body with a direct competence concerning reservations. However, as practice to date shows, it does not make much use of this power. This is a big disappointment considering all the efforts of other bodies in the past and the doctrinal positions of various scholars. The main aims of this article are threefold to: present GREVIO's practice to date concerning reservations, provide a brief historical overview of how other human rights treaty bodies have approached their role concerning reservations, and finally, attempt to explain why GREVIO has abandoned a more proactive position on reservations.}, language = {en} } @article{Burek2023, author = {Burek, Wojciech}, title = {Treaty flexibility unilaterally boosted}, series = {Netherlands quarterly of human rights}, volume = {41}, journal = {Netherlands quarterly of human rights}, number = {1}, publisher = {Sage Publications Ltd}, address = {London}, issn = {0924-0519}, doi = {10.1177/09240519231151950}, pages = {35 -- 52}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Thus far, research into reservations to treaties has often overlooked reservations formulated to both European Social Charters (and its Protocols) and the relevant European Committee of Social Rights practices. There are several pressing reasons to further explore this gap in existing literature. First, an analysis of practices within the European Social Charters (and Protocols) will provide a fuller picture of the reservations and responses of treaty bodies. Second, in the context of previous landmark events it is worth noting the practices of another human rights treaty monitoring body that is often omitted from analyses. Third, the very fact that the formulation of reservations to treaties gives parties such far-reaching flexibility to shape their contractual obligations ({\`a} la carte) is surprising. An important outcome of the research is the finding that, despite the far-reaching flexibility present in the treaties analysed, both the States Parties and the European Committee of Social Rights generally treat them as conventional treaties to which the general rules on reservations apply. Consequently, there is no basis for assuming that the mere fact of adopting the {\`a} la carte system in a treaty with no reservation clause implies a formal prohibition of reservations or otherwise discourages their formulation.}, language = {en} } @article{Weiss2021, author = {Weiß, Norman}, title = {How to integrate environmental law into constitutional law}, series = {Revue juridique de l'Oc{\´e}an Indien}, volume = {26}, journal = {Revue juridique de l'Oc{\´e}an Indien}, number = {31}, publisher = {Universit{\´e} de La R{\´e}union}, address = {Saint-Denis}, issn = {1630-6910}, pages = {171 -- 175}, year = {2021}, abstract = {This chapter consists of three parts. In the first part, I will give a short overview about the integration of the protection of the environment into German constitutional law. This section will start with the presentation of the relevant provision, Art. 20a BL. Then, I will elaborate on its legal character. In the second part, I will make some brief remarks on the practical implications of Art. 20a BL. Finally, I will present some preliminary conclusions.}, language = {en} } @article{Ehrensperger2017, author = {Ehrensperger, Kathy}, title = {Narratives of Belonging}, series = {Early Christianity}, volume = {8}, journal = {Early Christianity}, publisher = {Mohr Siebeck}, address = {T{\"u}bingen}, issn = {1868-7032}, doi = {10.1628/186870317X15017545210233}, pages = {373 -- 392}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Die Darstellungen genealogischer Netzwerke waren in der Antike Ausdruck der Weltsicht ihrer Erz{\"a}hler, mit deren Hilfe N{\"a}he und Distanz zwischen verschiedenen Gruppen und V{\"o}lkern ausgedr{\"u}ckt und hergestellt werden konnte. Auch Paulus bedient sich genealogischer Argumente, um die Beziehung nicht-j{\"u}discher Christus-Gl{\"a}ubiger zu Israel und ihrem Gott zu verdeutlichen. Es handelt sich um eine ethnozentrische Argumentation, deren Fokus aber gleichzeitig eindeutig theozentrisch ist.}, language = {en} } @article{Tedeschini2019, author = {Tedeschini, Michele}, title = {Human Rights as a Limit to Utopian Thinking?}, series = {MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen}, volume = {24}, journal = {MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen}, number = {1/2}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1434-2820}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-47413}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-474137}, pages = {12 -- 23}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{Klein2019, author = {Klein, Eckart}, title = {The Founding of the Human Rights Centre in 1994}, series = {MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen}, volume = {24}, journal = {MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen}, number = {1/2}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1434-2820}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-43863}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-438633}, pages = {5 -- 11}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{SteinertYordanova2016, author = {Steinert, Christoph and Yordanova, Nikoleta}, title = {Coalition in a Large German Federal State}, series = {German politics}, volume = {25}, journal = {German politics}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {0964-4008}, doi = {10.1080/09644008.2015.1060589}, pages = {54 -- 72}, year = {2016}, abstract = {This article seeks to explain the 2013 coalition between the CDU and the Greens in the German federal state of Hesse. It applies traditional office-seeking and policy-seeking coalition formation theories to the case alongside a new explanation underscoring the influence of past behaviour on coalition partnership; namely, the negative impact of a pre-electoral commitment breach on future coalition formation. The results show that pure office-seeking cannot explain the coalition outcome. Instead, as the analysis of textual data extracted from political parties' manifestos shows, there has been a constant process of policy approximation between the CDU and the Greens in Hesse. Additionally, we find evidence suggesting that the SPD's breach on their promise not to rely on support by the Left Party in 2008 shaped the CDU's refusal to coalesce with the SPD in 2013. The findings add to our understanding of the interplay between office-seeking and policy-seeking motivations as well as the personal enmities of key actors in shaping the coalition formation. The study further offers insights into the new German coalition option between the Greens and the CDU, which can serve as a blueprint at the national level.}, language = {en} } @article{Weiss2010, author = {Weiss, Norman}, title = {Human Rights}, isbn = {978-90-04-18004-8}, year = {2010}, language = {en} } @article{Weiss2008, author = {Weiß, Norman}, title = {Xenophobia}, year = {2008}, language = {en} } @article{Weiss2008, author = {Weiß, Norman}, title = {Assembly, freedom of, international protection}, year = {2008}, language = {en} } @article{Weiss2008, author = {Weiß, Norman}, title = {Aliens, intregration}, year = {2008}, language = {en} } @article{Klein1995, author = {Klein, Eckart}, title = {Some thoughts on preventive protection of human rights}, year = {1995}, language = {en} } @article{Klein1998, author = {Klein, Eckart}, title = {Some thoughts on the legal status of the peopleµs republic of china relating to the international covenant on civil and political rights}, year = {1998}, language = {en} } @article{Klein1998, author = {Klein, Eckart}, title = {The Reporting system under the international covenent on civil and political rights}, isbn = {3- 87061-636-9}, year = {1998}, language = {en} } @article{Weiss1998, author = {Weiß, Norman}, title = {Overlapping human rights guarantees : Summary of the discuccion on their impact on the examination procedure}, isbn = {3- 87061-636-9}, year = {1998}, language = {en} } @article{Weiss1998, author = {Weiß, Norman}, title = {The monitoring of human rights treaty obligations : Summary of the discussion on the reporting system}, isbn = {3- 87061-636-9}, year = {1998}, language = {en} } @article{Strauss1998, author = {Strauß, Ekkehard}, title = {Changes in the understanding of Human Rights in Europe - especially in Germany}, isbn = {83-87545-07-4}, year = {1998}, language = {en} } @article{Weiss1998, author = {Weiß, Norman}, title = {Overlapping human rights guarantees : An analysis of causes and a scetch of possible effects}, isbn = {3- 87061-636-9}, year = {1998}, abstract = {Der Beitrag befaßt sich mit den Ursachen und Folgen menschenrechtlicher Mehrfachgarantien und konkurrierender Kontrollmechanismen.}, language = {en} } @article{Klein1999, author = {Klein, Eckart}, title = {The universal protection of human rights : reality or utopia?}, year = {1999}, language = {en} } @article{Weiss2002, author = {Weiß, Norman}, title = {Human Rights}, isbn = {90-411-1865-9}, year = {2002}, language = {en} } @article{Weiss2003, author = {Weiß, Norman}, title = {The Impact of the European Convention on Human Rights on German Jurisprudence}, year = {2003}, language = {en} } @article{Weiss2004, author = {Weiß, Norman}, title = {The Protection of Minorities in a Federalm State : the Case of Germany}, isbn = {0-275-98024-3}, year = {2004}, language = {en} } @article{Pollmann2005, author = {Pollmann, Arnd}, title = {Dignity after measure}, issn = {0012-1045}, year = {2005}, language = {en} } @article{Schmidt2011, author = {Schmidt, Markus G.}, title = {Reform of the United Nations Human Rights Programs}, series = {Die Vereinten Nationen vor globalen Herausforderungen : Referate der Potsdamer UNO-Konferenzen 2000-2008}, journal = {Die Vereinten Nationen vor globalen Herausforderungen : Referate der Potsdamer UNO-Konferenzen 2000-2008}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-60964}, pages = {81 -- 93}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Inhalt: - Kurzzusammenfassung - I. Introduction - II. Current challenges to the United Nations Human Rights Programme - III. The Secretary General's Reform report "In larger Freedom" and its impact for the human rights programme - IV. The High Commissioner's Plan of Action of May 2005 - V. Negotiations on the establishment of the Human Rights Council and first Council activities - VI. Reform of the treaty body system and debates over the creation of a unified standing treaty body}, language = {en} } @article{OPUS4-4280, title = {UN-Menschenrechtsausschuß : Mitteilung gegen Deutschland}, series = {MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen}, volume = {6}, journal = {MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen}, number = {1}, issn = {1434-2820}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-44662}, year = {2001}, language = {en} } @article{KeisengRakate2000, author = {Keiseng Rakate, Phenyo}, title = {Is the Sierra Leonean amnesty law compatible with international law?}, series = {MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen}, volume = {5}, journal = {MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen}, number = {3}, issn = {1434-2820}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-44193}, pages = {151 -- 154}, year = {2000}, abstract = {Der Autor diskutiert in seinem Aufsatz kritisch den Friedensvertrag von Lom{\´e}, der am 7. Juli 1999 offiziell den bewaffneten Konflikt in Sierra Leone beendete. Nach einer kurzen Zusammenfassung der allgemeinen Regelungen des Vertrags stellt der Autor die in Artikel 9 des Abkommens vorgesehene Generalamnestie den bindenden Grunds{\"a}tzen des internationalen Rechts gegen{\"u}ber. Internationale Verbrechen, wie V{\"o}lkermord, Kriegsverbrechen oder Folterung sind als Verstoß gegen ius cogens-Normen von allen Staaten zu verfolgen. Nach der Er{\"o}rterung der betreffenden Konventionen, internationalen Abkommen und Fallentscheidungen des IGH, die diesen Grundsatz festschreiben, beschreibt er den - Friedensprozessen inh{\"a}renten - Konflikt, ein Gleichgewicht zwischen notwendiger Vers{\"o}hnung und strafrechtlicher Verfolgung zu finden. Bei der Betrachtung des Fallrechts schließt Phenyo neuere Entscheidungen ein, wie die des britischen House of Lords im Fall Pinochet, die sowohl nationalen wie internationalen Gerichten das Recht auf Strafverfolgung internationaler Verbrechen zugestand. Stellvertretend f{\"u}r die weite Kritik der Generalamnestie des Lom{\´e}-Abkommens zitiert der Autor den VN-Generalsekret{\"a}r Kofi Annan, der die Generalamnestie als unvereinbar mit der T{\"a}tigkeit und Aufgabe der internationalen Straftribunale in Den Haag und Arusha sowie des zuk{\"u}nftigen Internationalen Strafgerichtshofes ansieht. Phenyo schließt sich mit seiner kurzen Analyse des Friedensabkommens der kritischen Haltung Annans an und sieht nur eine geringe M{\"o}glichkeit f{\"u}r die Durchsetzung der fraglichen Amnestie, deren G{\"u}ltigkeit durch die wiederaufgeflammten K{\"a}mpfe in Sierra Leone auch faktisch in Frage gestellt worden sind. (trai)}, language = {en} } @article{FreudenreichRanft2009, author = {Freudenreich, Johannes and Ranft, Florian}, title = {Learning from the past}, series = {MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen}, volume = {14}, journal = {MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen}, number = {1}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1434-2820}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-35494}, pages = {22 -- 42}, year = {2009}, abstract = {Content I. Introduction II. Theoretical Approach III. Empirical Analysis of Truth Commissions IV. Learning from the Past V. Conclusion VI. Annex}, language = {en} }