@article{LazaridesRubachIttel2016, author = {Lazarides, Rebecca and Rubach, Charlott and Ittel, Angela}, title = {Adolescents' perceptions of socializers' beliefs, career-related conversations, and motivation in mathematics}, series = {Developmental psychology}, volume = {53}, journal = {Developmental psychology}, number = {3}, publisher = {American Psychological Association}, address = {Washington}, issn = {0012-1649}, doi = {10.1037/dev0000270}, pages = {525 -- 539}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Research based on the Eccles model of parent socialization demonstrated that parents are an important source of value and ability information for their children. Little is known, however, about the bidirectional effects between students' perceptions of their parents' beliefs and behaviors and the students' own domain-specific values. This study analyzed how students' perceptions of parents' beliefs and behaviors and students' mathematics values and mathematics-related career plans affect each other bidirectionally, and analyzed the role of students' gender as a moderator of these relations. Data from 475 students in 11th and 12th grade (girls: 50.3\%; 31 classrooms; 12 schools), who participated in 2 waves of the study, were analyzed. Results of longitudinal structural equation models demonstrated that students' perceptions of their parents' mathematics value beliefs at Time 1 affected the students' own mathematics utility value at Time 2. Bidirectional effects were not shown in the full sample but were identified for boys. The paths within the tested model varied for boys and girls. For example, boys', not girls', mathematics intrinsic value predicted their reported conversations with their fathers about future occupational plans. Boys', not girls', perceived parents' mathematics value predicted the mathematics utility value. Findings are discussed in relation to their implications for parents and teachers, as well as in relation to gendered motivational processes.}, language = {en} } @article{TheoharovaDemmer2018, author = {Theoharova, Simona and Demmer, Ralf}, title = {Wie klingt Motivation?}, series = {Sucht - Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Wissenschaft und Praxis}, volume = {64}, journal = {Sucht - Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Wissenschaft und Praxis}, number = {4}, publisher = {Hogrefe}, address = {Bern}, issn = {0939-5911}, doi = {10.1024/0939-5911/a000552}, pages = {207 -- 215}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Zusammenfassung.Hintergrund/Fragestellung: W{\"a}hrend einer erfolgreichen Psychotherapie - so Miller und Rollnick (2013) - initiiert der Therapeut ein lautes Nachdenken {\"u}ber Ver{\"a}nderung (change talk), das eine Verhaltens{\"a}nderung einleitet und verschiedene Facetten der Motivation eines Patienten spiegelt. Auf den preparatory change talk (desire, ability, reasons, need) folgt der mobilizing change talk (commitment, activation, taking steps) und schließlich die Verhaltens{\"a}nderung. Die vorliegende Studie ist ein erster Versuch, deutsche Begriffe und Redewendungen zu analysieren, um Therapeuten die Einsch{\"a}tzung der Motivation eines Patienten zu erleichtern. Methodik: Das schrittweise Vorgehen entsprach weitgehend einem in der englischsprachigen Literatur beschriebenen Verfahren zur Einsch{\"a}tzung von Begriffen und Redewendungen hinsichtlich der Motivation eines Sprechers (vgl. Amrhein, 2009): (1) Generierung einer Sammlung relevanter Begriffe und Redewendungen, (2) Einsch{\"a}tzung der St{\"a}rke einer Formulierung durch 430 Probanden, (3) Bestimmung der Retestreliabilit{\"a}t anhand der Einsch{\"a}tzungen von 63 Probanden, (4) Kategorisierung von 140 Begriffen und Redewendungen durch drei Experten. Ergebnisse: Die ausgew{\"a}hlten Begriffe und Phrasen lassen sich zuverl{\"a}ssig den von Miller und Rollnick (2013) beschriebenen Kategorien Preparatory Change Talk oder Mobilizing Change Talk zuordnen, κ = .83 (95 \% CI, .80 ≤ κ≤ .85), p < .001, und spiegeln dar{\"u}ber hinaus verschiedene Auspr{\"a}gungen der Motivation eines Sprechers wider. Die Einsch{\"a}tzungen der St{\"a}rke einer Formulierung sind jedoch nicht stabil (Retestreliabilit{\"a}t: .21 ≤ rtt ≤.70). Schlussfolgerungen: Die Beachtung typischer Schl{\"u}sselw{\"o}rter kann das richtige Timing einer Intervention erleichtern und dar{\"u}ber hinaus Auskunft {\"u}ber die „Entschlossenheit" eines Patienten geben. Im Rahmen von Forschungsprojekten k{\"o}nnten auf der Basis erweiterter Sammlungen relevanter Begriffe und Redewendungen Algorithmen entwickelt werden, die eine Einsch{\"a}tzung der Motivation und damit prognostisch bedeutsame Aussagen erlauben.}, language = {de} } @article{GrundFriesRheinberg2018, author = {Grund, Axel and Fries, Stefan and Rheinberg, Falko}, title = {Know Your Preferences}, series = {Review of general psychology}, volume = {22}, journal = {Review of general psychology}, number = {4}, publisher = {Sage Publ.}, address = {Thousand Oaks}, issn = {1089-2680}, doi = {10.1037/gpr0000159}, pages = {437 -- 451}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Theory and research on self-regulation is dominated by a social-cognitive perspective that places an emphasis on postdecisional (i.e., volitional) control processes of goal-maintenance in response to dual-motive conflict. In the current contribution, we focus on research on self-regulation that acknowledges the affective fundamentals of motivated action, and we highlight processes of goal selection as vital parts of self-regulation. From our perspective of motivational competence, affective and cognitive processes work together rather than oppose each other in self-regulation, rendering effortless rather than effortful goal pursuit as the hallmark of efficient human action. A precondition for such motive- and self-congruent goal pursuits is that individuals have insight into their basic preferences and (can) act accordingly. Therefore, we address capacities, such as mindfulness, which may take effect in predecisional (i.e., motivational) action phases, thereby determining all subsequent action processes.}, language = {en} } @article{BogdanovaMiklashevskyBogdanovaetal.2019, author = {Bogdanova, Oksana Yu and Miklashevsky, Alex A. and Bogdanova, Elena L. and Soldatenkova, O. B.}, title = {Academic Achievement in Math and Foreign Language: Individual Characteristics and Gender Stereotypes}, series = {Sibirskiy psikholoicheskiy zurnal - Siberian of Journal psychology}, journal = {Sibirskiy psikholoicheskiy zurnal - Siberian of Journal psychology}, number = {73}, publisher = {Tomsk state univ}, address = {Tomsk}, issn = {1726-7080}, doi = {10.17223/17267080/73/11}, pages = {176 -- 196}, year = {2019}, abstract = {The study aims to investigate the contribution of individual characteristics and gender stereotypes of secondary school pupils in academic achievement in math and foreign language. A sample of pupils reported in 6th and 7th grades (three waves) their self-perceived ability and motivation for math and foreign language learning, math and foreign language gender stereotypes, implicit theories of intelligence; academic achievement (grades) in math in foreign language is also included in the analysis. Regression analysis and Mann Whitney U Test demonstrated that self-perceived ability in math and incremental theory of intelligence are significant predictors for academic achievement in maths. Boys are characterised by higher level of self-perceived abilities and motivation for learning math. However, academic achievement of girls in maths and foreign languages are higher as compared to boys. Pupils learning two foreign languages demonstrate higher level of self-perceived abilities for motivation and learning math and less expressed gender stereotypes about success in learning math and foreign languages. Study findings can be used for designing educational programmes for mathematics and foreign languages, professional development and finding solutions for individualized approach in school education.}, language = {ru} } @article{KretschmannVockLuedtkeetal.2019, author = {Kretschmann, Julia and Vock, Miriam and L{\"u}dtke, Oliver and Jansen, Malte and Gronostaj, Anna}, title = {Effects of grade retention on students' motivation: A longitudinal study over 3 years of secondary school}, series = {The journal of educational psychology}, volume = {111}, journal = {The journal of educational psychology}, number = {8}, publisher = {American Psychological Association}, address = {Washington}, issn = {0022-0663}, doi = {10.1037/edu0000353}, pages = {1432 -- 1446}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Despite the fact that grade retention is now seen as controversial in many quarters, it remains common practice in numerous countries. Previous research on the effects of grade retention on student development has, however, generated ambiguous results, particularly in terms of motivational outcomes. This ambiguity has been attributed in part to a lack of high-quality studies including a longitudinal design, a suitable comparison group, and adequate statistical control of preretention differences. Based on longitudinal data of N = 3,288 German students over 3 years of secondary school, we examined differences in their academic self-concept, scholarly interests, learning motivation, and achievement motivation between those being retained in the 6th grade (n = 61) and those of the same age being promoted annually. To account for confounding variables, we applied full propensity score matching on baseline measures of the dependent variables, as well as various other covariates that have been found to be associated with the risk of retention (e.g., cognitive ability, academic performance, and family background variables). Results reveal a steep decline in students' academic self-concept, interests, and learning motivation during the last months spent in the original class, just before retention. For those measures that were available, negative effects were still partly significant after 1 year, but had diminished 2 years after grade retention. Contrary to predictions suggested by the big-fish-little-pond effect, we found no positive effects of retention on students' academic self-concept.}, language = {en} }