@misc{StuetzWeberDolleetal.2016,
  author    = {Stuetz, Wolfgang and Weber, Daniela and Doll{\´e}, Martijn E. T. and Jansen, Eug{\`e}ne and Grubeck-Loebenstein, Beatrix and Fiegl, Simone and Toussaint, Olivier and Bernhardt, Juergen and Gonos, Efstathios S. and Franceschi, Claudio and Sikora, Ewa and Moreno-Villanueva, Mar{\´i}a and Breusing, Nicolle and Grune, Tilman and B{\"u}rkle, Alexander},
  title     = {Plasma carotenoids, tocopherols, and retinol in the age-stratified (35-74 years) general population},
  series = {Nutrients},
  journal   = {Nutrients},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-407659},
  pages     = {17},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Blood micronutrient status may change with age. We analyzed plasma carotenoids, α-/γ-tocopherol, and retinol and their associations with age, demographic characteristics, and dietary habits (assessed by a short food frequency questionnaire) in a cross-sectional study of 2118 women and men (age-stratified from 35 to 74 years) of the general population from six European countries. Higher age was associated with lower lycopene and α-/β-carotene and higher β-cryptoxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, α-/γ-tocopherol, and retinol levels. Significant correlations with age were observed for lycopene (r = -0.248), α-tocopherol (r = 0.208), α-carotene (r = -0.112), and β-cryptoxanthin (r = 0.125; all p < 0.001). Age was inversely associated with lycopene (-6.5\% per five-year age increase) and this association remained in the multiple regression model with the significant predictors (covariables) being country, season, cholesterol, gender, smoking status, body mass index (BMI (kg/m2)), and dietary habits. The positive association of α-tocopherol with age remained when all covariates including cholesterol and use of vitamin supplements were included (1.7\% vs. 2.4\% per five-year age increase). The association of higher β-cryptoxanthin with higher age was no longer statistically significant after adjustment for fruit consumption, whereas the inverse association of α-carotene with age remained in the fully adjusted multivariable model (-4.8\% vs. -3.8\% per five-year age increase). We conclude from our study that age is an independent predictor of plasma lycopene, α-tocopherol, and α-carotene.},
  language  = {en}
}