@article{RaelingSchroederWartenburger2016,
  author    = {R{\"a}ling, Romy and Schr{\"o}der, Astrid and Wartenburger, Isabell},
  title     = {The origins of age of acquisition and typicality effects: Semantic processing in aphasia and the ageing brain},
  series = {Neuropsychologia : an international journal in behavioural and cognitive neuroscience},
  volume    = {86},
  journal   = {Neuropsychologia : an international journal in behavioural and cognitive neuroscience},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {0028-3932},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.04.019},
  pages     = {80 -- 92},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Age of acquisition (AOA) has frequently been shown to influence response times and accuracy rates in word processing and constitutes a meaningful variable in aphasic language processing, while its origin in the language processing system is still under debate. To find out where AOA originates and whether and how it is related to another important psycholinguistic variable, namely semantic typicality (TYP), we studied healthy, elderly controls and semantically impaired individuals using semantic priming. For this purpose, we collected reaction times and accuracy rates as well as event-related potential data in an auditory category-member-verification task. The present results confirm a semantic origin of TYP, but question the same for AOA while favouring its origin at the phonology-semantics interface. The data are further interpreted in consideration of recent theories of ageing. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{RaelingHanneSchroederetal.2016,
  author    = {R{\"a}ling, Romy and Hanne, Sandra and Schr{\"o}der, Astrid and Keßler, Carla and Wartenburger, Isabell},
  title     = {Judging the animacy of words : The influence of typicality and age of acquisition in a semantic decision task},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-98402},
  pages     = {11},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {The age at which members of a semantic category are learned (age of acquisition), the typicality they demonstrate within their corresponding category, and the semantic domain to which they belong (living, non-living) are known to influence the speed and accuracy of lexical/semantic processing. So far, only a few studies have looked at the origin of age of acquisition and its interdependence with typicality and semantic domain within the same experimental design. Twenty adult participants performed an animacy decision task in which nouns were classified according to their semantic domain as being living or non-living. Response times were influenced by the independent main effects of each parameter: typicality, age of acquisition, semantic domain, and frequency. However, there were no interactions. The results are discussed with respect to recent models concerning the origin of age of acquisition effects.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Raeling2016,
  author    = {R{\"a}ling, Romy},
  title     = {Age of acquisition and semantic typicality effects},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-95943},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {x, 133},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Age of acquisition (AOA) is a psycholinguistic variable that significantly influences behavioural measures (response times and accuracy rates) in tasks that require lexical and semantic processing. Its origin is - unlike the origin of semantic typicality (TYP), which is assumed at the semantic level - controversially discussed. Different theories propose AOA effects to originate either at the semantic level or at the link between semantics and phonology (lemma-level). The dissertation aims at investigating the influence of AOA and its interdependence with the semantic variable TYP on particularly semantic processing in order to pinpoint the origin of AOA effects. Therefore, three studies have been conducted that considered the variables AOA and TYP in semantic processing tasks (category verifications and animacy decisions) by means of behavioural and partly electrophysiological (ERP) data and in different populations (healthy young and elderly participants and in semantically impaired individuals with aphasia (IWA)). The behavioural and electrophysiological data of the three studies provide evidence for distinct processing levels of the variables AOA and TYP. The data further support previous assumptions on a semantic origin for TYP but question the same for AOA. The findings, however, support an origin of AOA effects at the transition between the word form (phonology) and the semantic level that can be captured at the behavioural but not at the electrophysiological level.},
  language  = {en}
}