@article{BoggioBodenmuellerFrembergetal.2014,
  author    = {Boggio, Jose M. Chavez and Bodenmueller, D. and Fremberg, T. and Haynes, R. and Roth, Martin M. and Eisermann, R. and Lisker, M. and Zimmermann, L. and Boehm, Michael},
  title     = {Dispersion engineered silicon nitride waveguides by geometrical and refractive-index optimization},
  series = {Journal of the Optical Society of America : B, Optical physics},
  volume    = {31},
  journal   = {Journal of the Optical Society of America : B, Optical physics},
  number    = {11},
  publisher = {Optical Society of America},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {0740-3224},
  doi       = {10.1364/JOSAB.31.002846},
  pages     = {2846 -- 2857},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Dispersion engineering in silicon nitride (SiXNY) waveguides is investigated through the optimization of the waveguide transversal dimensions and refractive indices in a multicladding arrangement. Ultraflat dispersion of -84.0 +/- 0.5 ps/nm/km between 1700 and 2440 nm and 1.5 +/- 3 ps/nm/km between 1670 and 2500 nm is numerically demonstrated. It is shown that typical refractive index fluctuations as well as dimension fluctuations during fabrication of the SiXNY waveguides are a limitation for obtaining ultraflat dispersion profiles. Single- and multicladding waveguides are fabricated and their dispersion profiles measured (over nearly 1000 nm) using a low-coherence frequency domain interferometric technique. By appropriate thickness optimization, the zero-dispersion wavelength is tuned over a large spectral range in single-and multicladding waveguides with small refractive index contrast (3\%). A flat dispersion profile with +/- 3.2 ps/nm/km variation over 500 nm is obtained in a multicladding waveguide fabricated with a refractive index contrast of 37\%. Finally, we generate a nearly three-octave supercontinuum in this dispersion flattened multicladding SiXNY waveguide. (C) 2014 Optical Society of America},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{SchottKretzschmarAckeretal.2014,
  author    = {Schott, Juliane and Kretzschmar, Jerome and Acker, Margret and Eidner, Sascha and Kumke, Michael Uwe and Drobot, Bj{\"o}rn and Barkleit, Astrid and Taut, Steffen and Brendler, Vinzenz and Stumpf, Thorsten},
  title     = {Formation of a Eu(III) borate solid species from a weak Eu(III) borate complex in aqueous solution},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-98774},
  pages     = {13},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {In the presence of polyborates (detected by 11B-NMR) the formation of a weak Eu(III) borate complex (lg β11 ∼ 2, estimated) was observed by time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLFS). This complex is a precursor for the formation of a solid Eu(III) borate species. The formation of this solid in solution was investigated by TRLFS as a function of the total boron concentration: the lower the total boron concentration, the slower is the solid formation. The solid Eu(III) borate was characterized by IR spectroscopy, powder XRD and solid-state TRLFS. The determination of the europium to boron ratio portends the existence of pentaborate units in the amorphous solid.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{PlehnMegowMay2014,
  author    = {Plehn, Thomas and Megow, J{\"o}rg and May, Volkhard},
  title     = {Concerted charge and energy transfer processes in a highly flexible fullerene-dye system},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-98791},
  pages     = {10},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Photoinduced excitation energy transfer and accompanying charge separation are elucidated for a supramolecular system of a single fullerene covalently linked to six pyropheophorbide-a dye molecules. Molecular dynamics simulations are performed to gain an atomistic picture of the architecture and the surrounding solvent. Excitation energy transfer among the dye molecules and electron transfer from the excited dyes to the fullerene are described by a mixed quantum-classical version of the F{\"o}rster rate and the semiclassical Marcus rate, respectively. The mean characteristic time of energy redistribution lies in the range of 10 ps, while electron transfer proceeds within 150 ps. In between, on a 20 to 50 ps time-scale, conformational changes take place in the system. This temporal hierarchy of processes guarantees efficient charge separation, if the structure is exposed to a solvent. The fast energy transfer can adopt the dye excitation to the actual conformation. In this sense, the probability to achieve charge separation is large enough since any dominance of unfavorable conformations that exhibit a large dye-fullerene distance is circumvented. And the slow electron transfer may realize an averaging with respect to different conformations. To confirm the reliability of our computations, ensemble measurements on the charge separation dynamics are simulated and a very good agreement with the experimental data is obtained.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{WęcławskiTasiorHammannetal.2014,
  author    = {Węcławski, Marek K. and Tasior, Mariusz and Hammann, Tommy and Cywiński, Piotr J. and Gryko, Daniel T.},
  title     = {From π-expanded coumarins to π-expanded pentacenes},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-98822},
  pages     = {4},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {The synthesis of two novel types of π-expanded coumarins has been developed. Modified Knoevenagel bis-condensation afforded 3,9-dioxa-perylene-2,8-diones. Subsequent oxidative aromatic coupling or light driven electrocyclization reaction led to dibenzo-1,7-dioxacoronene-2,8-dione. Unparalleled synthetic simplicity, straightforward purification and superb optical properties have the potential to bring these perylene and coronene analogs towards various applications.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{CywińskiNonoCharbonniereetal.2014,
  author    = {Cywiński, Piotr J. and Nono, Katia Nchimi and Charbonni{\`e}re, Lo{\"i}c J. and Hammann, Tommy and L{\"o}hmannsr{\"o}ben, Hans-Gerd},
  title     = {Photophysical evaluation of a new functional terbium complex in FRET-based time-resolved homogenous fluoroassays},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-95390},
  pages     = {6060 -- 6067},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {A new functional luminescent lanthanide complex (LLC) has been synthesized with terbium as a central lanthanide ion and biotin as a functional moiety. Unlike in typical lanthanide complexes assembled via carboxylic moieties, in the presented complex, four phosphate groups are chelating the central lanthanide ion. This special chemical assembly enhances the complex stability in phosphate buffers conventionally used in biochemistry. The complex synthesis strategy and photophysical properties are described as well as the performance in time-resolved F{\"o}rster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) assays. In those assays, this biotin-LLC transferred energy either to acceptor organic dyes (Cy5 or AF680) labelled on streptavidin or to quantum dots (QD655 or QD705) surface-functionalised with streptavidins. The permanent spatial donor-acceptor proximity is assured through strong and stable biotin-streptavidin binding. The energy transfer is evidenced from the quenching observed in donor emission and from a decrease in donor luminescence decay, both associated with simultaneous increase in acceptor intensity and in the decay time. The dye-based assays are realised in TRIS and in PBS, whereas QD-based systems are studied in borate buffer. The delayed emission analysis allows for quantifying the recognition process and for auto-fluorescence-free detection, which is particularly relevant for application in bioanalysis. In accordance with F{\"o}rster theory, F{\"o}rster-radii (R0) were found to be around 60 {\AA} for organic dyes and around 105 {\AA} for QDs. The FRET efficiency (η) reached 80\% and 25\% for dye and QD acceptors, respectively. Physical donor-acceptor distances (r) have been determined in the range 45-60 {\AA} for organic dye acceptors, while for acceptor QDs between 120 {\AA} and 145 {\AA}. This newly synthesised biotin-LLC extends the class of highly sensitive analytical tools to be applied in the bioanalytical methods such as time-resolved fluoroimmunoassays (TR-FIA), luminescent imaging and biosensing.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Giordano2014,
  author    = {Giordano, Cristina},
  title     = {A neglected world: transition metal nitride and metal carbide based nanostructures},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-75375},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {191},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Potentiality of nanosized materials has been largely proved but a closer look shows that a significant percentage of this research is related to oxides and metals, while the number drastically drops for metallic ceramics, namely transition metal nitrides and metal carbides. The lack of related publications do not reflect their potential but rather the difficulties related to their synthesis as dense and defect-free structures, fundamental prerequisites for advanced mechanical applications. The present habilitation work aims to close the gap between preparation and processing, indicating novel synthetic pathways for a simpler and sustainable synthesis of transition metal nitride (MN) and carbide (MC) based nanostructures and easier processing thereafter. In spite of simplicity and reliability, the designed synthetic processes allow the production of functional materials, with the demanded size and morphology. The goal was achieved exploiting classical and less-classical precursors, ranging from common metal salts and molecules (e.g. urea, gelatin, agar, etc), to more exotic materials, such as leafs, filter paper and even wood. It was found that the choice of precursors and reaction conditions makes it possible to control chemical composition (going for instance from metal oxides to metal oxy-nitrides to metal nitrides, or from metal nitrides to metal carbides, up to quaternary systems), size (from 5 to 50 nm) and morphology (going from mere spherical nanoparticles to rod-like shapes, fibers, layers, meso-porous and hierarchical structures, etc). The nature of the mixed precursors also allows the preparation of metal nitrides/carbides based nanocomposites, thus leading to multifunctional materials (e.g. MN/MC@C, MN/MC@PILs, etc) but also allowing dispersion in liquid media. Control over composition, size and morphology is obtained with simple adjustment of the main route, but also coupling it with processes such as electrospin, aerosol spray, bio-templating, etc. Last but not least, the nature of the precursor materials also allows easy processing, including printing, coating, casting, film and thin layers preparation, etc). The designed routes are, concept-wise, similar and they all start by building up a secondary metal ion-N/C precursor network, which converts, upon heat treatment, into an intermediate "glass". This glass stabilizes the nascent nanoparticles during their nucleation and impairs their uncontrolled growth during the heat treatment (scheme 1). This way, one of the main problems related to the synthesis of MN/MC, i.e. the need of very high temperature, could also be overcome (from up to 2000°C, for classical synthesis, down to 700°C in the present cases). The designed synthetic pathways are also conceived to allow usage of non-toxic compounds and to minimize (or even avoid) post-synthesis purification, still bringing to phase pure and well-defined (crystalline) nanoparticles. This research aids to simplify the preparation of MN/MC, making these systems now readily available in suitable amounts both for fundamental and applied science. The prepared systems have been tested (in some cases for the first time) in many different fields, e.g. battery (MnN0.43@C shown a capacity stabilized at a value of 230 mAh/g, with coulombic efficiencies close to 100\%), as alternative magnetic materials (Fe3C nanoparticles were prepared with different size and therefore different magnetic behavior, superparamagnetic or ferromagnetic, showing a saturation magnetization value up to 130 emu/g, i.e. similar to the value expected for the bulk material), as filters and for the degradation of organic dyes (outmatching the performance of carbon), as catalysts (both as active phase but also as active support, leading to high turnover rate and, more interesting, to tunable selectivity). Furthermore, with this route, it was possible to prepare for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, well-defined and crystalline MnN0.43, Fe3C and Zn1.7GeN1.8O nanoparticles via bottom-up approaches. Once the synthesis of these materials can be made straightforward, any further modification, combination, manipulation, is in principle possible and new systems can be purposely conceived (e.g. hybrids, nanocomposites, ferrofluids, etc).},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MetzlerJeonCherstvyetal.2014,
  author    = {Metzler, Ralf and Jeon, Jae-Hyung and Cherstvy, Andrey G. and Barkai, Eli},
  title     = {Anomalous diffusion models and their properties},
  series = {physical chemistry, chemical physics : PCCP},
  volume    = {2014},
  journal   = {physical chemistry, chemical physics : PCCP},
  number    = {16},
  issn      = {1463-9076},
  doi       = {10.1039/c4cp03465a},
  pages     = {24128 -- 24164},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Modern microscopic techniques following the stochastic motion of labelled tracer particles have uncovered significant deviations from the laws of Brownian motion in a variety of animate and inanimate systems. Such anomalous diffusion can have different physical origins, which can be identified from careful data analysis. In particular, single particle tracking provides the entire trajectory of the traced particle, which allows one to evaluate different observables to quantify the dynamics of the system under observation. We here provide an extensive overview over different popular anomalous diffusion models and their properties. We pay special attention to their ergodic properties, highlighting the fact that in several of these models the long time averaged mean squared displacement shows a distinct disparity to the regular, ensemble averaged mean squared displacement. In these cases, data obtained from time averages cannot be interpreted by the standard theoretical results for the ensemble averages. Here we therefore provide a comparison of the main properties of the time averaged mean squared displacement and its statistical behaviour in terms of the scatter of the amplitudes between the time averages obtained from different trajectories. We especially demonstrate how anomalous dynamics may be identified for systems, which, on first sight, appear to be Brownian. Moreover, we discuss the ergodicity breaking parameters for the different anomalous stochastic processes and showcase the physical origins for the various behaviours. This Perspective is intended as a guidebook for both experimentalists and theorists working on systems, which exhibit anomalous diffusion.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{MetzlerJeonCherstvyetal.2014,
  author    = {Metzler, Ralf and Jeon, Jae-Hyung and Cherstvy, Andrey G. and Barkai, Eli},
  title     = {Anomalous diffusion models and their properties},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-74448},
  pages     = {24128 -- 24164},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Modern microscopic techniques following the stochastic motion of labelled tracer particles have uncovered significant deviations from the laws of Brownian motion in a variety of animate and inanimate systems. Such anomalous diffusion can have different physical origins, which can be identified from careful data analysis. In particular, single particle tracking provides the entire trajectory of the traced particle, which allows one to evaluate different observables to quantify the dynamics of the system under observation. We here provide an extensive overview over different popular anomalous diffusion models and their properties. We pay special attention to their ergodic properties, highlighting the fact that in several of these models the long time averaged mean squared displacement shows a distinct disparity to the regular, ensemble averaged mean squared displacement. In these cases, data obtained from time averages cannot be interpreted by the standard theoretical results for the ensemble averages. Here we therefore provide a comparison of the main properties of the time averaged mean squared displacement and its statistical behaviour in terms of the scatter of the amplitudes between the time averages obtained from different trajectories. We especially demonstrate how anomalous dynamics may be identified for systems, which, on first sight, appear to be Brownian. Moreover, we discuss the ergodicity breaking parameters for the different anomalous stochastic processes and showcase the physical origins for the various behaviours. This Perspective is intended as a guidebook for both experimentalists and theorists working on systems, which exhibit anomalous diffusion.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WessigGerngrossPapeetal.2014,
  author    = {Wessig, Pablo and Gerngroß, Maik and Pape, Simon and Bruhns, Philipp and Weber, Jens},
  title     = {Novel porous materials based on oligospiroketals (OSK)},
  series = {RSC Advances : an international journal to further the chemical sciences},
  volume    = {2014},
  journal   = {RSC Advances : an international journal to further the chemical sciences},
  number    = {4},
  issn      = {2046-2069},
  doi       = {10.1039/c4ra04437a},
  pages     = {31123 -- 31129},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {New porous materials based on covalently connected monomers are presented. The key step of the synthesis is an acetalisation reaction. In previous years we used acetalisation reactions extensively to build up various molecular rods. Based on this approach, investigations towards porous polymeric materials were conducted by us. Here we wish to present the results of these studies in the synthesis of 1D polyacetals and porous 3D polyacetals. By scrambling experiments with 1D acetals we could prove that exchange reactions occur between different building blocks (evidenced by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry). Based on these results we synthesized porous 3D polyacetals under the same mild conditions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{WessigGerngrossPapeetal.2014,
  author    = {Wessig, Pablo and Gerngroß, Maik and Pape, Simon and Bruhns, Philipp and Weber, Jens},
  title     = {Novel porous materials based on oligospiroketals (OSK)},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-74466},
  pages     = {31123 -- 31129},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {New porous materials based on covalently connected monomers are presented. The key step of the synthesis is an acetalisation reaction. In previous years we used acetalisation reactions extensively to build up various molecular rods. Based on this approach, investigations towards porous polymeric materials were conducted by us. Here we wish to present the results of these studies in the synthesis of 1D polyacetals and porous 3D polyacetals. By scrambling experiments with 1D acetals we could prove that exchange reactions occur between different building blocks (evidenced by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry). Based on these results we synthesized porous 3D polyacetals under the same mild conditions.},
  language  = {en}
}