@misc{TomaszewskaKrahe2016, author = {Tomaszewska, Paulina and Krah{\´e}, Barbara}, title = {Attitudes towards sexual coercion by Polish high school students}, doi = {10.1080/13552600.2016.1195892}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-93450}, pages = {17}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The link between cognitive scripts for consensual sexual interactions and attitudes towards sexual coercion was studied in 524 Polish high school students. We proposed that risky sexual scripts, containing risk elements linked to sexual aggression, would be associated with attitudes condoning sexual coercion. Pornography use and religiosity were included as predictors of participants' risky sexual scripts and attitudes towards sexual coercion. Risky sexual scripts were linked to attitudes condoning sexual coercion. Pornography use was indirectly linked to attitudes condoning sexual coercion via risky sexual scripts. Religiosity showed a positive direct link with attitudes towards sexual coercion, but a negative indirect link through risky sexual scripts. The results are discussed regarding the significance of risky sexual scripts, pornography use, and religiosity in understanding attitudes towards sexual coercion as well as their implications for preventing sexually aggressive behaviour.}, language = {en} } @misc{LogačevVasishth2016, author = {Logačev, Pavel and Vasishth, Shravan}, title = {Understanding underspecification}, doi = {10.1080/17470218.2015.1134602}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-93441}, pages = {996 -- 1012}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Swets et al. (2008. Underspecification of syntactic ambiguities: Evidence from self-paced reading. Memory and Cognition, 36(1), 201-216) presented evidence that the so-called ambiguity advantage [Traxler et al. (1998). Adjunct attachment is not a form of lexical ambiguity resolution. Journal of Memory and Language, 39(4), 558-592], which has been explained in terms of the Unrestricted Race Model, can equally well be explained by assuming underspecification in ambiguous conditions driven by task-demands. Specifically, if comprehension questions require that ambiguities be resolved, the parser tends to make an attachment: when questions are about superficial aspects of the target sentence, readers tend to pursue an underspecification strategy. It is reasonable to assume that individual differences in strategy will play a significant role in the application of such strategies, so that studying average behaviour may not be informative. In order to study the predictions of the good-enough processing theory, we implemented two versions of underspecification: the partial specification model (PSM), which is an implementation of the Swets et al. proposal, and a more parsimonious version, the non-specification model (NSM). We evaluate the relative fit of these two kinds of underspecification to Swets et al.'s data; as a baseline, we also fitted three models that assume no underspecification. We find that a model without underspecification provides a somewhat better fit than both underspecification models, while the NSM model provides a better fit than the PSM. We interpret the results as lack of unambiguous evidence in favour of underspecification; however, given that there is considerable existing evidence for good-enough processing in the literature, it is reasonable to assume that some underspecification might occur. Under this assumption, the results can be interpreted as tentative evidence for NSM over PSM. More generally, our work provides a method for choosing between models of real-time processes in sentence comprehension that make qualitative predictions about the relationship between several dependent variables. We believe that sentence processing research will greatly benefit from a wider use of such methods.}, language = {en} } @misc{SchaffnerSchiefele2016, author = {Schaffner, Ellen and Schiefele, Ulrich}, title = {The Contributions of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Reading Motivation to the Development of Reading Competence over Summer Vacation}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-93434}, pages = {917 -- 941}, year = {2016}, abstract = {This study addressed the role of reading motivation as a potential determinant of losses or gains in reading competence over six weeks of summer vacation (SV). Based on a sample of 223 third-grade elementary students, structural equation analyses showed that intrinsic reading motivation before SV contributed positively to both word and sentence comprehension after SV when controlling for comprehension performance before SV. These effects were mediated by reading amount. Extrinsic reading motivation did not show significant associations with end-of-summer comprehension scores. Taken together, the findings suggest that intrinsic reading motivation facilitates students' development of reading comprehension over SV.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Hoxtell2016, author = {Hoxtell, Annette}, title = {Entscheidungsgr{\"u}nde f{\"u}r den Ausbildungsbetrieb}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-93377}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {XIV, 215, XXVII}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Die schulische Berufswahlvorbereitung vers{\"a}umt es, Jugendliche auf die Wahl des Ausbildungsbetriebs vorzubereiten. Sie thematisiert nur die Berufswahl, obwohl die Entscheidung f{\"u}r eine betriebliche Ausbildung immer auch die Entscheidung f{\"u}r einen Ausbildungsbetrieb voraussetzt. F{\"u}r die Ausbildungszufriedenheit und den -erfolg ist diese Betriebswahl zentral. Angesichts des Mismatchs am Ausbildungsmarkt ist das Thema hochrelevant. Aus welchen Gr{\"u}nden entscheiden sich Jugendliche f{\"u}r einen Ausbildungsbetrieb? Diese Frage untersucht die vorliegende Arbeit aus prospektiver Sicht in narrativen Einzelinterviews mit 52 Sch{\"u}lerinnen und Sch{\"u}lern der 9. und 10. Klassenstufen verschiedener Schultypen und aus retrospektiver Sicht in vier multipel eingebetteten Mehrfallstudien mit 17 Auszubildenden aus vier Betrieben und in acht Berufen - jeweils in Brandenburg und Berlin. Theoretisch n{\"a}hert sich diese Arbeit dem Thema {\"u}ber psychologische, soziologische und wirtschaftswissenschaftliche sowie interdisziplin{\"a}re Berufswahltheorien an, dem operativen Modell der Betriebswahl sowie dem hier neu entwickelten Modell der Ausbildungswahl als Entscheidungsprozess, das die beiden Wahlkomponenten Betrieb und Beruf vereint. Drei zentrale Erkenntnisse kennzeichnen das Ergebnis der vorliegenden Arbeit: 1. Jugendliche besch{\"a}ftigen sich mit der Wahl des Ausbildungsbetriebs und ber{\"u}cksichtigen vor allem emotionale Gr{\"u}nde. Diese variieren von Person zu Person. 2. Wichtigste Entscheidungsgr{\"u}nde f{\"u}r den Ausbildungsbetrieb sind der pers{\"o}nliche Eindruck, die inhaltliche Solidit{\"a}t, der Ort, das Betriebsklima, Kontakte ins Unternehmen, Perspektiven und die Bezahlung. 3. Jugendliche mit Mittlerem Schulabschluss achten besonders auf die Perspektiven nach Ausbildungsende. Die wenigen anderen Studien zur Entscheidung f{\"u}r den Ausbildungsbetrieb gehen auf den am h{\"a}ufigsten genannten Entscheidungsgrund pers{\"o}nlicher Eindruck nicht ein. Auch kommen sie zu uneinheitlichen Schl{\"u}ssen, f{\"u}r welche Personengruppe der Entscheidungsgrund Perspektiven besonders relevant ist. Es bedarf zus{\"a}tzlicher Studien, um die Ergebnisse zu {\"u}berpr{\"u}fen und ihre statistische Verteilung in gr{\"o}ßeren Bev{\"o}lkerungsgruppen zu untersuchen sowie eine belastbare, ganzheitliche Theorie zur Ausbildungswahl zu entwickeln.}, language = {de} } @misc{HennickeKlimkeMuerbeetal.2016, author = {Hennicke, Robert and Klimke, Romy and M{\"u}rbe, Ulrike and N{\"a}geler, Pascal and Nowrot, Karsten and Ringkamp, Daniela and Weiß, Norman and Windoffer, Alexander}, title = {MenschenRechtsMagazin : Informationen | Meinungen | Analysen}, series = {MenschenRechtsMagazin}, volume = {21}, journal = {MenschenRechtsMagazin}, number = {1}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1434-2820}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-93427}, pages = {92}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Aus dem Inhalt: - Menschenrechte, Staatlichkeit und der symbolische Charakter von Menschenrechtsverletzungen - Sch{\"a}dliche traditionelle und kulturelle Praktiken im Menschenrechtsdiskurs seit CEDAW - Eine Ann{\"a}herung an ein umstrittenes Konzept - Schutz von Menschenrechtsverteidigern - neuere Entwicklungen}, language = {de} } @techreport{Weiss2016, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Weiß, Norman}, title = {Frauen, Frieden und Sicherheit - was hat Resolution 1325 gebracht?}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {2509-6974}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-92932}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Nowadays, the issues women and peace are connected strongly on the level of UN's security policy as a consequence of resolution 1325 (2000). Which are the legal and factual impli-cations of this development both for the UN and for the Member States? Does their implementation meet the expectations? The study outlines the structure of today's WPS-agenda and discusses how the UN deals with it. Germany's activities to implement her obligations are also discussed.}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-9234, title = {Jahresbericht 2015}, volume = {2015}, editor = {Gunnarsson, Logi and Zimmermann, Andreas}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1860-5958}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-92341}, pages = {41}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Inhalt: 1. Allgemeiner {\"U}berblick 2. Organisationsstruktur des MenschenRechtsZentrums 2.1 Angeh{\"o}rige des MenschenRechtsZentrums 2.2 Wissenschaftlicher Beirat des MenschenRechtsZentrums 2.3 F{\"o}rderverein 3. Aktivit{\"a}ten im Berichtszeitraum 3.1 Forschung und wissenschaftliche Veranstaltungen 3.2 Promotionen 3.3 Lehrveranstaltungen 3.4 Publikationen - Neuerscheinungen 2015 3.5 Wissenschaftliche Vortr{\"a}ge, Vorlesungen, Fachgespr{\"a}che u. {\"a}.}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-9328, title = {Kentron : Journal zur Lehrerbildung = Medienbildung}, number = {29}, issn = {1867-4720}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-93286}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Editorial (Dr. Roswitha Lohwaßer) ; Medienbildung in Potsdam (Cornelia Br{\"u}ckner) ; Das mobile Klassenzimmer (Cornelia Br{\"u}ckner) ; Englisch lehren und lernen auf Tablet-Computern (Susanne Gn{\"a}dig, Manuela Pohl) ; Wir machen jetzt auch was mit Medien (Nadine Z{\"u}low) ; Klassische Philologen auf MedLeh-Kurs (Peggy Wittich) ; Neue Medien im Sachunterricht (Dr. phil. Ksenia Hintze) ; History Realoaded (Prof. Dr. Monika Fenn, Christopher Brandt) ; Digitale Medien in der Sportdidaktik (Ludwig Zimmermann) ; Akademische Grundkompetenzen (Michael Konarski) ; Experimentierfreudig (Prof. Dr. Andreas Borowski, Dr. Uta Magdans, Jirka M{\"u}ller) ; Themenzentrierung und Interaktion auf Exkursionen (Dr. Antje Schneider, Bastian Schulz, Maik Wienecke) ; Das Lernlabor Informatik (Mareen Przybylla) ; Digitale Lernschleifen (Dr. rer. pol. Benjamin Apelojg) ; Medienkompetenz (Ilka Goetz) ; Besser Lernen mit digitalen Medien (Dr. Barbara Eckardt)}, language = {de} } @article{Kowollik2016, author = {Kowollik, Eva}, title = {Schweigende Aufkl{\"a}rer und rollende K{\"o}pfe}, series = {Grenzr{\"a}ume - Grenzbewegungen : Ergebnisse der Arbeitstreffen des Jungen Forums Slavistische Literaturwissenschaft in Basel 2013 und Frankfurt (Oder) und Słubice 2014 ; Bd. 1}, volume = {1}, journal = {Grenzr{\"a}ume - Grenzbewegungen : Ergebnisse der Arbeitstreffen des Jungen Forums Slavistische Literaturwissenschaft in Basel 2013 und Frankfurt (Oder) und Słubice 2014 ; Bd. 1}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-358-9}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-92550}, pages = {87 -- 99}, year = {2016}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Chen2016, author = {Chen, Kejie}, title = {Real-time GNSS for fast seismic source inversion and tsunami early warning}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-93174}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {xii, 81}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Over the past decades, rapid and constant advances have motivated GNSS technology to approach the ability to monitor transient ground motions with mm to cm accuracy in real-time. As a result, the potential of using real-time GNSS for natural hazards prediction and early warning has been exploited intensively in recent years, e.g., landslides and volcanic eruptions monitoring. Of particular note, compared with traditional seismic instruments, GNSS does not saturate or tilt in terms of co-seismic displacement retrieving, which makes it especially valuable for earthquake and earthquake induced tsunami early warning. In this thesis, we focus on the application of real-time GNSS to fast seismic source inversion and tsunami early warning. Firstly, we present a new approach to get precise co-seismic displacements using cost effective single-frequency receivers. As is well known, with regard to high precision positioning, the main obstacle for single-frequency GPS receiver is ionospheric delay. Considering that over a few minutes, the change of ionospheric delay is almost linear, we constructed a linear model for each satellite to predict ionospheric delay. The effectiveness of this method has been validated by an out-door experiment and 2011 Tohoku event, which confirms feasibility of using dense GPS networks for geo-hazard early warning at an affordable cost. Secondly, we extended temporal point positioning from GPS-only to GPS/GLONASS and assessed the potential benefits of multi-GNSS for co-seismic displacement determination. Out-door experiments reveal that when observations are conducted in an adversary environment, adding a couple of GLONASS satellites could provide more reliable results. The case study of 2015 Illapel Mw 8.3 earthquake shows that the biases between co-seismic displacements derived from GPS-only and GPS/GLONASS vary from station to station, and could be up to 2 cm in horizontal direction and almost 3 cm in vertical direction. Furthermore, slips inverted from GPS/GLONASS co-seismic displacements using a layered crust structure on a curved plane are shallower and larger for the Illapel event. Thirdly, we tested different inversion tools and discussed the uncertainties of using real-time GNSS for tsunami early warning. To be exact, centroid moment tensor inversion, uniform slip inversion using a single Okada fault and distributed slip inversion in layered crust on a curved plane were conducted using co-seismic displacements recorded during 2014 Pisagua earthquake. While the inversion results give similar magnitude and the rupture center, there are significant differences in depth, strike, dip and rake angles, which lead to different tsunami propagation scenarios. Even though, resulting tsunami forecasting along the Chilean coast is close to each other for all three models. Finally, based on the fact that the positioning performance of BDS is now equivalent to GPS in Asia-Pacific area and Manila subduction zone has been identified as a zone of potential tsunami hazard, we suggested a conceptual BDS/GPS network for tsunami early warning in South China Sea. Numerical simulations with two earthquakes (Mw 8.0 and Mw 7.5) and induced tsunamis demonstrate the viability of this network. In addition, the advantage of BDS/GPS over a single GNSS system by source inversion grows with decreasing earthquake magnitudes.}, language = {en} }