@techreport{Petersen2006, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {Studiengeb{\"u}hren}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-9078}, year = {2006}, abstract = {Inhalt: Grundsystematik und Kostenkomponenten der Hochschulbildung -Grundstruktur der Hochschulbildung -Kostenkomponenten eines Hochschulstudiums Status Quo der Finanzierung der Hochschulbildung in Deutschland Das Pro und Kontra der Geb{\"u}hrenl{\"o}sung Alternative Finanzierungsmodelle -Voll- oder Teilkostenfinanzierung -Staatliche und private Finanzierungsanteile -Pauschale oder differenzierte Kostenanlastung -Vor- oder nachgelagerte Studienfinanzierung: private Kreditfinanzierungsprogramme, staatliche Kreditfinanzierungsprogramme, nachgelagerte Finanzierungssysteme im Ausland Sind {\"A}nderungen in der Finanzierung notwendig und gerechtfertigt?}, language = {de} } @techreport{Petersen2005, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {Konsumorientierte Besteuerung als Ansatz effizienter Besteuerung}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-9064}, year = {2005}, abstract = {Inhalt: Effizienz und Leistungsf{\"a}higkeit in lebenszeitlicher Perspektive -Zum Zusammenhang von Einkommen, Konsum, Ersparnis und Verm{\"o}gen -Bemessungsgrundlagen der direkten Besteuerung -Lawinenwirkungen der traditionellen synthetischen Einkommensteuer -Kumulationswirkungen einer Mehrfachbelastung des Kapitaleinkommens Die Einfachsteuer als konsumorientierte Einkommensteuer Auswirkungen auf der Haushaltsebene Auswirkungen auf der Unternehmensebene}, language = {de} } @techreport{Eberhardt2005, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Eberhardt, Bj{\"o}rn}, title = {Public pensions in the U.S.}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-9058}, year = {2005}, abstract = {Contents: The Public Old Age Insurance of the U.S. -Historical overview -Technical details -Individual equity and social adequacy The Economic Problem of Old Age -Risks and economic security -Old age, retirement, and idividual precaution -Insurance markets, market failures, and social insurance -Options for public pension systems The Problems of Social Security -The financial balance of OASDI -Causes of the long-run problems -Rates of return -Conclusion - The case for Social Security reform Proposed Remedies -Full, partial, or no privatization? -The President's Commission to Strengthen Social Security -Kotlikoff's Personal Security System -The Diamond-Orszag Three-Part plan}, language = {en} } @techreport{Drechsler2005, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Drechsler, Denis}, title = {Unemployment in Germany and the Eurosclerosis debate}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-9036}, year = {2005}, abstract = {Many European countries have experienced a significant increase of unemployment in recent years. This paper reviews several theoretical models that try to explain this phenomenon. Predominantly, these models claim a link between the poor performance of European labor markets and the high level of market regulation. Commonly referred to as the Eurosclerosis debate, prominent approaches consider insider-outsider relationships, search-models, and the influence of hiring and firing costs on equilibrium employment. The paper presents empirical evidence of each model and studies the relevance of the identified rigidities as a determinant of high unemployment in Europe. Furthermore, a case study analyzes the unemployment problem in Germany and critically discusses new reform efforts. In particular this section analyzes whether the recently enacted Hartz reforms can induce higher employment.}, language = {en} } @techreport{Becker2004, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Becker, Ralf E.}, title = {Revisiting public investment}, issn = {0948-7549}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-9025}, year = {2004}, abstract = {The consumption equivalence method is the theoretical basis of public cost-benefit analysis. Consumption equivalence public capital prices are explicitly introduces in order to sufficiently care for the opportunity cost of public expenditure. This can solve the dispute about the social rate of discount within public cost-benefit analysis witch was generated on a criterion looking similar to the capital value formula, known as Lind's approach. The social rate of discount is liberated from opportunity costs considerations and the discounting away of the effects for future welfare vanishes. The corresponding question whether one should accept a positive value of the pure rate of social time preference is an old issue. Its current state between the prescriptive and descriptive view can also be interpreted as a consequence of the oversimplification of standard cost- benefit analysis. But apart from an economic self-process the pure rate of social time preference is also defined as a business-as-usual value of social distance discounting. Hence, a political choice has to be made about this rate which is free in principal.}, language = {en} } @techreport{Becker2004, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Becker, Ralf E.}, title = {General classification of social choice situations}, series = {Finanzwissenschaftliche Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge}, journal = {Finanzwissenschaftliche Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge}, number = {46}, issn = {0948-7549}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-9012}, year = {2004}, abstract = {An exhaustive and disjoint decomposition of social choice situations is derived in a general set theoretical framework using the new tools of the Lifted Pareto relation on the power set of social states representing a pre-choice comparison of choice option sets. The main result is the classification of social choice situations which include three types of social choice problems. First, we usually observe the common incompleteness of the Pareto relation. Second, a kind of non-compactness problem of a choice set of social states can be generated. Finally, both can be combined. The first problem root can be regarded as natural everyday dilemma of social choice theory whereas the second may probably be much more due to modeling technique implications. The distinction is enabled at a very general set theoretical level. Hence, the derived classification of social choice situations is applicable on almost every relevant economic model.}, language = {en} } @techreport{Petersen2004, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {Systematic change instead of curing symptoms}, series = {Finanzwissenschaftliche Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge}, journal = {Finanzwissenschaftliche Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge}, number = {45}, issn = {0948-7549}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-9004}, pages = {24}, year = {2004}, abstract = {Contents: Actors, Markets and Interest Groups in Health Services Private and Social Health Insurance in a Simple Model Misallocation and Malpractice in Social Health Care and Insurances -The UK Health Care System -The German Social Health Insurance System -Current Discussions: Intertemporal Perspective and Fundamental Change Interplay of Public and Private Health Insurance: Lessons for Countries in Transition Summary: The Necessary Steps to a Fundamental Reform}, language = {en} } @book{Petersen2004, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {International experience with alternative forms of social protection : lessons for the reform process in Russia}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-8996}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2004}, abstract = {Contents: Targets, Means and Benefits of Social Protection Standard Risks and Possible Institutional Settings for Social Protection -Market Structure for Pension and Health Insurance -Systems of Social Protection and Security -Replacement Ratios and Income Taxation Social Protection in Selected European Countries: Germany, Austria, The Netherlands, United Kingdom -Pension System -Health System -Unemployment Insurance -Accident Insurance -Basic Security System -Taxation of Wages and Profits The Overall Burden of Taxes and Social Protection Expenses Necessary Reforms, Lessons for Russia and a Basic Approach for a Blueprint -Basic Features of the Reform Process -Reforms within the Branches of Social Protection -Integrated Tax and Transfer Reform -Empirical Evaluation of Tax and Transfer Reforms}, language = {en} } @book{Petersen2004, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {Vom Nehmen vor dem Geben : Ist der Staat als Wohlt{\"a}ter ein starker Staat?}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-8985}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2004}, abstract = {Inhalt: Wem wird genommen und wer gibt: der B{\"u}rger oder der Staat? Egoismus, Altruismus, Neid und gesellschaftlicher Wohlstand Gerechtigkeit und Wohlstand Demokratie: Kann die arme Mehrheit noch {\"A}rmer werden und sind die Reichen wehrlos? Vom Nehmen bei der Kapitaleinkommensbesteuerung}, language = {de} } @book{Petersen2004, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {Redistribution and the efficiency-justice trade-off}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-8977}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2004}, abstract = {Contents: Justice of Needs and Redistribution -The Basics of the Utility Theory -Social Welfare Functions and Redistribution -Utility Possibility Curves on Egoism, Altruism and Envy -Types of Social Welfare Functions The Trade-off Problem Concluding Remarks}, language = {en} }