@article{MischkeZhang2011, author = {Mischke, Steffen and Zhang, Chengjun}, title = {Ostracod distribution in Ulungur Lake (Xinjiang, China) and a reassessed Holocene record}, series = {Ecological research}, volume = {26}, journal = {Ecological research}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Tokyo}, issn = {0912-3814}, doi = {10.1007/s11284-010-0768-1}, pages = {133 -- 145}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Ostracod shells in surface sediments from Ulungur Lake (Xinjiang, China) belong mainly to Limnocythere inopinata as the dominant species, and Candona neglecta and Darwinula stevensoni as accompanying, less abundant taxa. Shells of an additional nine species were recorded only sporadically. The three most abundant ostracods have wide tolerance ranges in terms of salinity, substrate and water depth. The similarly recorded bivalve Pisidium subtruncatum, and the gastropods Gyraulus chinensis and Radix auricularia belong to the most tolerant representatives of the genera. The bivalve and gastropods, in addition to the ostracod assemblage, reflect the fact that Ulungur Lake has experienced strong lake level and salinity variations due to water withdrawal in the catchment and the counteracting diversion of river waters to the lake in recent decades. The substrate in Ulungur Lake is typically fine-grained, apart from the delta region of the Ulungur River channel, which is marked by relatively coarse-grained detrital sediments barren of ostracod shells. This channel was created 40 years ago to divert water to Ulungur Lake and support its local fisheries and recreational facilities. A reassessed Holocene ostracod record from the lake shows that a significantly higher salinity and lower lake level existed in the early Holocene before 6.0 ka in response to the regional climate. In contrast, a higher lake level and lowest salinity is inferred for the late Holocene period between ca. 3.6 and 1.3 ka before present. Afterwards, the lake level declined and salinity increased in response to regional moisture reduction, although conditions similar to the early Holocene lake status were not re-established. Our surface-sediment-derived data provide a baseline for analysis of future environmental variations due to global climate change and regional water management.}, language = {en} } @article{SchleussnerFrielerMeinshausenetal.2011, author = {Schleussner, Carl-Friedrich and Frieler, Katja and Meinshausen, Malte and Yin, J. and Levermann, Anders}, title = {Emulating Atlantic overturning strength for low emission scenarios consequences for sea-level rise along the North American east coast}, series = {Earth system dynamics}, volume = {2}, journal = {Earth system dynamics}, number = {2}, publisher = {Copernicus}, address = {G{\"o}ttingen}, issn = {2190-4979}, doi = {10.5194/esd-2-191-2011}, pages = {191 -- 200}, year = {2011}, abstract = {In order to provide probabilistic projections of the future evolution of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), we calibrated a simple Stommel-type box model to emulate the output of fully coupled three-dimensional atmosphere-ocean general circulation models (AOGCMs) of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP). Based on this calibration to idealised global warming scenarios with and without interactive atmosphere-ocean fluxes and freshwater perturbation simulations, we project the future evolution of the AMOC mean strength within the covered calibration range for the lower two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) until 2100 obtained from the reduced complexity carbon cycle-climate model MAGICC 6. For RCP3-PD with a global mean temperature median below 1.0 degrees C warming relative to the year 2000, we project an ensemble median weakening of up to 11\% compared to 22\% under RCP4.5 with a warming median up to 1.9 degrees C over the 21st century. Additional Greenland meltwater of 10 and 20 cm of global sea-level rise equivalent further weakens the AMOC by about 4.5 and 10 \%, respectively. By combining our outcome with a multi-model sea-level rise study we project a dynamic sea-level rise along the New York City coastline of 4 cm for the RCP3-PD and of 8 cm for the RCP4.5 scenario over the 21st century. We estimate the total steric and dynamic sea-level rise for New York City to be about 24 cm until 2100 for the RCP3-PD scenario, which can hold as a lower bound for sea-level rise projections in this region, as it does not include ice sheet and mountain glacier contributions.}, language = {en} } @article{ScheweLevermannMeinshausen2011, author = {Schewe, Jacob and Levermann, Anders and Meinshausen, Malte}, title = {Climate change under a scenario near 1.5 degrees C of global warming: monsoon intensification, ocean warming and steric sea level rise}, series = {Earth system dynamics}, volume = {2}, journal = {Earth system dynamics}, number = {1}, publisher = {Copernicus}, address = {G{\"o}ttingen}, issn = {2190-4979}, doi = {10.5194/esd-2-25-2011}, pages = {25 -- 35}, year = {2011}, abstract = {We present climatic consequences of the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) using the coupled climate model CLIMBER-3 alpha, which contains a statistical-dynamical atmosphere and a three-dimensional ocean model. We compare those with emulations of 19 state-of-the-art atmosphere-ocean general circulation models (AOGCM) using MAGICC6. The RCPs are designed as standard scenarios for the forthcoming IPCC Fifth Assessment Report to span the full range of future greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations pathways currently discussed. The lowest of the RCP scenarios, RCP3-PD, is projected in CLIMBER-3 alpha to imply a maximal warming by the middle of the 21st century slightly above 1.5 degrees C and a slow decline of temperatures thereafter, approaching today's level by 2500. We identify two mechanisms that slow down global cooling after GHG concentrations peak: The known inertia induced by mixing-related oceanic heat uptake; and a change in oceanic convection that enhances ocean heat loss in high latitudes, reducing the surface cooling rate by almost 50\%. Steric sea level rise under the RCP3-PD scenario continues for 200 years after the peak in surface air temperatures, stabilizing around 2250 at 30 cm. This contrasts with around 1.3 m of steric sea level rise by 2250, and 2 m by 2500, under the highest scenario, RCP8.5. Maximum oceanic warming at intermediate depth (300-800 m) is found to exceed that of the sea surface by the second half of the 21st century under RCP3-PD. This intermediate-depth warming persists for centuries even after surface temperatures have returned to present-day values, with potential consequences for marine ecosystems, oceanic methane hydrates, and ice-shelf stability. Due to an enhanced land-ocean temperature contrast, all scenarios yield an intensification of monsoon rainfall under global warming.}, language = {en} } @misc{ScharhagKnebelMayeretal.2011, author = {Scharhag, J{\"u}rgen and Knebel, F. and Mayer, Frank and Kindermann, Wilfried}, title = {Does marathon running damage the heart? - an update}, series = {Deutsche Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Sportmedizin : offizielles Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Sportmedizin und Pr{\"a}vention (Deutscher Sport{\"a}rztebund) e.V. (DGSP) und Weiterbildungsorgan der {\"O}sterreichischen Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Sportmedizin und Pr{\"a}vention}, volume = {62}, journal = {Deutsche Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Sportmedizin : offizielles Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Sportmedizin und Pr{\"a}vention (Deutscher Sport{\"a}rztebund) e.V. (DGSP) und Weiterbildungsorgan der {\"O}sterreichischen Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Sportmedizin und Pr{\"a}vention}, number = {9}, publisher = {WWF-Verl.-Ges.}, address = {Greven}, issn = {0344-5925}, pages = {293 -- 298}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Since the legend of the ancient Marathon run, the risk of endurance exercise-induced cardiovascular damage or sudden cardiac death is discussed. In recent studies, the exercise-induced increases in cardiac biomarkers in endurance athletes as well as acute alterations in cardiac function and cardiovascular abnormalities have been reported. As elevations of the cardiac biomarkers troponin and BM) have been observed frequently for the vast majority of athletes after Marathon runs or strenuous exercise bouts followed by a decrease within a short period, a physiological reaction rather than a pathologicial cause is presumed. Also a transient decrease of cardiac function demonstrated by newer echocardiographic techniques (tissue Doppler or speckle tracking imaging, 3D echocardiography) after strenuous exercise often termed "cardiac fatigue" should not be considered necessarily as pathologic, as cardiac function also depends on hemodynamic load and heart rate. Furthermore, exercise-induced changes in cardiac function did not correlate with exercise-induced increases in cardiac biomarkers in most studies. The functional cardiac alterations can also be detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after Marathon runs. However, no signs of acute or chronic myocardial damage have been demonstrated in MRI studies in cardiovascular healthy athletes after running a Marathon, although especially in older athletes undetected cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery disease or myocardial necrosis or fibrosis can be present. hi conclusion, according to recent studies. there seems to be a lack of evidence to support endurance exercise-induced cardiac damage in the healthy heart which is adapted tostrenous exercise by regular endurance training. Nevertheless, as running a Marathon results in a high cardiac load, a sufficient endurance training period as well as a preparticipation or regular medical screening to exclude relevant congenital or aquired cardiovascular diseases is recommended from a sports cardiology perspective to exclude relevant congenital or acquired cardiovascular diseases}, language = {de} } @article{KahlertBrand2011, author = {Kahlert, Daniela and Brand, Ralf}, title = {Comparing self-report and accelerometry data a contribution to the validation of the MoMo-Physical activity questionnaire for children and adolescents}, series = {Deutsche Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Sportmedizin : offizielles Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Sportmedizin und Pr{\"a}vention (Deutscher Sport{\"a}rztebund) e.V. (DGSP) und Weiterbildungsorgan der {\"O}sterreichischen Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Sportmedizin und Pr{\"a}vention}, volume = {62}, journal = {Deutsche Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Sportmedizin : offizielles Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Sportmedizin und Pr{\"a}vention (Deutscher Sport{\"a}rztebund) e.V. (DGSP) und Weiterbildungsorgan der {\"O}sterreichischen Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Sportmedizin und Pr{\"a}vention}, number = {2}, publisher = {WWF-Verl.-Ges.}, address = {Greven}, issn = {0344-5925}, pages = {36 -- +}, year = {2011}, abstract = {According to the results of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS) published in 2009, only 5\% to 8\% of the 15-17-year-old adolescents reach the current recommendations on health-enhancing physical activity This result (besides others in the survey) rests on data measured with the 25-item physical activity questionnaire for children and adolescents (MoMo-AFB). The present study compares two different methods of assessing physical activity with the purpose of testing the validity of the MoMo-AFB self-report. First, we measured the physical activity status of 73 15 to 18-year-old pupils (32 boys and 41 girls) over seven days via objective accelerometry (ActiGraph GT1M), then the pupils completed the MoMo-AFB for the same (previous) period. Results show that using the MoMo-AFB leads to higher levels of self-reported physical activity than measuring it with accelerometers. Furthermore, only the MoMo-AFB subscale MVPA (moderate-to-vigorous physical activity), that uses two single items to decide whether the health-enhancing physical activity recommendation is reached or failed, corresponds statistically significantly with the accelerometry data. For all other subscales (e.g. school- or leisure time activity), we found no agreement. Further research, first of all on the measurement quality of the MoMo-AFB but also on the physical (in)activity status of children and adolescents, is needed.}, language = {de} } @article{Krueger2011, author = {Kr{\"u}ger, Hans-Peter}, title = {The body-body-difference of persons eccentric positionality and homo absconditus}, series = {Deutsche Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Philosophie : Zweimonatsschrift der internationalen philosophischen Forschung}, volume = {59}, journal = {Deutsche Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Philosophie : Zweimonatsschrift der internationalen philosophischen Forschung}, number = {4}, publisher = {De Gruyter}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {0012-1045}, pages = {577 -- 589}, year = {2011}, language = {de} } @article{DelahayeXieSchaeferetal.2011, author = {Delahaye, Emilie and Xie, Zailai and Sch{\"a}fer, Andreas and Douce, Laurent and Rogez, Guillaume and Rabu, Pierre and G{\"u}nter, Christina and Gutmann, Jochen S. and Taubert, Andreas}, title = {Intercalation synthesis of functional hybrid materials based on layered simple hydroxide hosts and ionic liquid guests - a pathway towards multifunctional ionogels without a silica matrix?}, series = {Dalton transactions : a journal of inorganic chemistry, including bioinorganic, organometallic, and solid-state chemistry}, volume = {40}, journal = {Dalton transactions : a journal of inorganic chemistry, including bioinorganic, organometallic, and solid-state chemistry}, number = {39}, publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {1477-9226}, doi = {10.1039/c1dt10841g}, pages = {9977 -- 9988}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Functional hybrid materials on the basis of inorganic hosts and ionic liquids (ILs) as guests hold promise for a virtually unlimited number of applications. In particular, the interaction and the combination of properties of a defined inorganic matrix and a specific IL could lead to synergistic effects in property selection and tuning. Such hybrid materials, generally termed ionogels, are thus an emerging topic in hybrid materials research. The current article addresses some of the recent developments and focuses on the question why silica is currently the dominating matrix used for (inorganic) ionogel fabrication. In comparison to silica, matrix materials such as layered simple hydroxides, layered double hydroxides, clay-type substances, magnetic or catalytically active solids, and many other compounds could be much more interesting because they themselves may carry useful functionalities, which could also be exploited for multifunctional hybrid materials synthesis. The current article combines experimental results with some arguments as to how new, advanced functional hybrid materials can be generated and which obstacles will need to be overcome to successfully achieve the synthesis of a desired target material.}, language = {en} } @article{MarquardtXieTaubertetal.2011, author = {Marquardt, Dorothea and Xie, Zailai and Taubert, Andreas and Thomann, Ralf and Janiak, Christoph}, title = {Microwave synthesis and inherent stabilization of metal nanoparticles in 1-methyl-3-(3-carboxyethyl)-imidazolium tetrafluoroborate}, series = {Dalton transactions : a journal of inorganic chemistry, including bioinorganic, organometallic, and solid-state chemistry}, volume = {40}, journal = {Dalton transactions : a journal of inorganic chemistry, including bioinorganic, organometallic, and solid-state chemistry}, number = {33}, publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {1477-9226}, doi = {10.1039/c1dt10795j}, pages = {8290 -- 8293}, year = {2011}, abstract = {The synthesis of Co-NPs and Mn-NPs by microwave-induced decomposition of the metal carbonyls Co-2(CO)(8) and Mn-2(CO)(10), respectively, yields smaller and better separated particles in the functionalized IL 1-methyl-3-(3-carboxyethyl)-imidazolium tetrafluoroborate [EmimCO(2)H][BF4] (1.6 +/- 0.3 nm and 4.3 +/- 1.0 nm, respectively) than in the non-functionalized IL 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [Bmim][BF4]. The particles are stable in the absence of capping ligands (surfactants) for more than six months although some variation in particle size could be observed by TEM.}, language = {en} } @article{AlbrechtMartinHaseloffetal.2011, author = {Albrecht, Tanja and Martin, M. and Haseloff, M. and Winkelmann, Ricarda and Levermann, Anders}, title = {Parameterization for subgrid-scale motion of ice-shelf calving fronts}, series = {The Cryosphere : TC ; an interactive open access journal of the European Geosciences Union}, volume = {5}, journal = {The Cryosphere : TC ; an interactive open access journal of the European Geosciences Union}, number = {1}, publisher = {Copernicus}, address = {G{\"o}ttingen}, issn = {1994-0416}, doi = {10.5194/tc-5-35-2011}, pages = {35 -- 44}, year = {2011}, abstract = {A parameterization for the motion of ice-shelf fronts on a Cartesian grid in finite-difference land-ice models is presented. The scheme prevents artificial thinning of the ice shelf at its edge, which occurs due to the finite resolution of the model. The intuitive numerical implementation diminishes numerical dispersion at the ice front and enables the application of physical boundary conditions to improve the calculation of stress and velocity fields throughout the ice-sheet-shelf system. Numerical properties of this subgrid modification are assessed in the Potsdam Parallel Ice Sheet Model (PISM-PIK) for different geometries in one and two horizontal dimensions and are verified against an analytical solution in a flow-line setup.}, language = {en} } @article{NadavanRensburgClaassensetal.2011, author = {Nada, Wael M. and van Rensburg, Leon and Claassens, Sarina and Blumenstein, Oswald}, title = {Effect of vermicompost on soil and plant properties of coal spoil in the Lusatian Region (Eastern Germany)}, series = {Communications in soil science and plant analysis}, volume = {42}, journal = {Communications in soil science and plant analysis}, number = {16}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Philadelphia}, issn = {0010-3624}, doi = {10.1080/00103624.2011.591469}, pages = {1945 -- 1957}, year = {2011}, abstract = {This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different wood vermicompost application rates on some soil physical and chemical properties as well as on growth parameters of a grass seed mixture (RSM 7.2.1) in tertiary sand contaminated with coal spoil. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse over a period of 42 days. Soil was mixed with vermicompost at ratios of 0.0, 3.0, 12.5, and 25.0\% and sown with the grass seed mixture. Soil samples and plant material were analyzed to determine the effect of different vermicompost application rates on the physical and chemical properties. Results revealed that the physical and chemical properties of the soil improved with increasing application rates of vermicompost. In addition, soil treated with vermicompost showed significant increases in fresh-and dry-matter yields of the grass, as well as enhanced uptake of nutrients by the grass. This indicated that treatment of contaminated soils with vermicompost may be beneficial for reclamation processes by facilitating revegetation of disturbed areas.}, language = {en} }