@article{HerzschuhWinterWuennemannetal.2006,
  author    = {Herzschuh, Ulrike and Winter, Katja and W{\"u}nnemann, Bernd and Li, Shijie},
  title     = {A general cooling trend on the central Tibetan Plateau throughout the Holocene recorded by the Lake Zigetang pollen spectra},
  series = {Quaternary international : the journal of the International Union for Quaternary Research},
  volume    = {154},
  journal   = {Quaternary international : the journal of the International Union for Quaternary Research},
  publisher = {Pergamon Press},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {1040-6182},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.quaint.2006.02.005},
  pages     = {113 -- 121},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {A 741-cm-long laminated sediment core, covering the last 10,800 years was collected from Lake Zigetang, central Tibetan Plateau (90.9 degrees E, 32.0 degrees N, 4560m a.s.l.), and analysed palynologically at 69 horizons. Biome reconstruction suggests a dominance of temperate steppe vegetation (mainly Artemisia and Poaceae) on the central Tibetan Plateau during the first half of the Holocene (10.8-4.4 cal. ka BP), while alpine steppes with desert elements (mainly Cyperaceae, Poaceae, Chenopodiaceae, and characteristic high-alpine herb families) tend to dominate the second half (4.4-0 cal. ka BP). The Artemisia/Cyperaceae ratio-a semi-quantitative measure for summer temperature-indicates a general cooling trend throughout the Holocene. Dense temperate steppe vegetation and maximum desert plant withdrawal, however, indicate that a suitable balance of wet and warm conditions for optimum vegetation growth likely occurred during the middle Holocene (7.3-4.4 cal. ka BP). Severe Early Holocene cold events have been reconstructed for 8.7-8.3 and similar to 7.4 cal. ka BP. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA. All rights reserved.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EndesfelderWeicheltSchilleretal.2018,
  author    = {Endesfelder, Stefanie and Weichelt, Ulrike and Schiller, Cornelia and Winter, Katja and von Haefen, Clarissa and B{\"u}hrer, Christoph},
  title     = {Caffeine protects against anticonvulsant-induced impaired neurogenesis in the developing rat brain},
  series = {Neurotoxicity Research},
  volume    = {34},
  journal   = {Neurotoxicity Research},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {New York},
  issn      = {1029-8428},
  doi       = {10.1007/s12640-018-9872-8},
  pages     = {173 -- 187},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {In preterm infants, phenobarbital is the first-line antiepileptic drug for neonatal seizures while caffeine is used for the treatment of apnea. Data from experimental animals suggest that phenobarbital and other anticonvulsants are toxic for the developing brain, while neuroprotective effects have been reported for caffeine both in newborn rodents and preterm human infants. To characterize the interaction of phenobarbital and caffeine in the hippocampus of the developing rodent brain, we examined the effects of both drugs given separately or together on postnatal neurogenesis after administration to neonatal rats throughout postnatal day (P) 4 to P6. Phenobarbital treatment (50 mg/kg) resulted in a significant decrease of proliferative capacity in the dentate gyrus. Phenobarbital also reduced expression of neuronal markers (doublecortin (DCX), calretinin, NeuN), neuronal transcription factors (Pax6, Sox2, Tbr1/2, Prox1), and neurotrophins (NGF, BDNF, NT-3) up to 24 h after the last administration. The phenobarbital-mediated impairment of neurogenesis was largely ameliorated by preconditioning with caffeine (10 mg/kg). In contrast, caffeine alone reduced proliferative capacity and expression of the neuronal markers DCX and NeuN at 6 h, but increased expression of neurotrophins and neuronal transcription factors at 6 and 12 h. These results indicate that administration of phenobarbital during the vulnerable phase of brain development negatively interferes with neuronal development, which can be prevented in part by co-administration of caffeine.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{OmoriWinterShinoharaetal.2018,
  author    = {Omori, Toshihiro and Winter, Katja and Shinohara, Kyosuke and Hamada, Hiroshi and Ishikawa, Takuji},
  title     = {Simulation of the nodal flow of mutant embryos with a small number of cilia},
  series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  journal   = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  number    = {1056},
  issn      = {1866-8372},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-46873},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-468734},
  pages     = {17},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Left-right (L-R) asymmetry in the body plan is determined by nodal flow in vertebrate embryos. Shinohara et al. (Shinohara K et al. 2012 Nat. Commun. 3, 622 (doi:10.1038/ncomms1624)) used Dpcd and Rfx3 mutant mouse embryos and showed that only a few cilia were sufficient to achieve L-R asymmetry. However, the mechanism underlying the breaking of symmetry by such weak ciliary flow is unclear. Flow-mediated signals associated with the L-R asymmetric organogenesis have not been clarified, and two different hypotheses-vesicle transport and mechanosensing-are now debated in the research field of developmental biology. In this study, we developed a computational model of the node system reported by Shinohara et al. and examined the feasibilities of the two hypotheses with a small number of cilia. With the small number of rotating cilia, flow was induced locally and global strong flow was not observed in the node. Particles were then effectively transported only when they were close to the cilia, and particle transport was strongly dependent on the ciliary positions. Although the maximum wall shear rate was also influenced by ciliary position, the mean wall shear rate at the perinodal wall increased monotonically with the number of cilia. We also investigated the membrane tension of immotile cilia, which is relevant to the regulation of mechanotransduction. The results indicated that tension of about 0.1 mu Nm(-1) was exerted at the base even when the fluid shear rate was applied at about 0.1 s(-1). The area of high tension was also localized at the upstream side, and negative tension appeared at the downstream side. Such localization may be useful to sense the flow direction at the periphery, as time-averaged anticlockwise circulation was induced in the node by rotation of a few cilia. Our numerical results support the mechanosensing hypothesis, and we expect that our study will stimulate further experimental investigations of mechanotransduction in the near future.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{OmoriWinterShinoharaetal.2018,
  author    = {Omori, Toshihiro and Winter, Katja and Shinohara, Kyosuke and Hamada, Hiroshi and Ishikawa, Takuji},
  title     = {Simulation of the nodal flow of mutant embryos with a small number of cilia},
  series = {Royal Society Open Science},
  volume    = {5},
  journal   = {Royal Society Open Science},
  number    = {8},
  publisher = {Royal Society},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {2054-5703},
  doi       = {10.1098/rsos.180601},
  pages     = {15},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Left-right (L-R) asymmetry in the body plan is determined by nodal flow in vertebrate embryos. Shinohara et al. (Shinohara K et al. 2012 Nat. Commun. 3, 622 (doi:10.1038/ncomms1624)) used Dpcd and Rfx3 mutant mouse embryos and showed that only a few cilia were sufficient to achieve L-R asymmetry. However, the mechanism underlying the breaking of symmetry by such weak ciliary flow is unclear. Flow-mediated signals associated with the L-R asymmetric organogenesis have not been clarified, and two different hypotheses-vesicle transport and mechanosensing-are now debated in the research field of developmental biology. In this study, we developed a computational model of the node system reported by Shinohara et al. and examined the feasibilities of the two hypotheses with a small number of cilia. With the small number of rotating cilia, flow was induced locally and global strong flow was not observed in the node. Particles were then effectively transported only when they were close to the cilia, and particle transport was strongly dependent on the ciliary positions. Although the maximum wall shear rate was also influenced by ciliary position, the mean wall shear rate at the perinodal wall increased monotonically with the number of cilia. We also investigated the membrane tension of immotile cilia, which is relevant to the regulation of mechanotransduction. The results indicated that tension of about 0.1 mu Nm(-1) was exerted at the base even when the fluid shear rate was applied at about 0.1 s(-1). The area of high tension was also localized at the upstream side, and negative tension appeared at the downstream side. Such localization may be useful to sense the flow direction at the periphery, as time-averaged anticlockwise circulation was induced in the node by rotation of a few cilia. Our numerical results support the mechanosensing hypothesis, and we expect that our study will stimulate further experimental investigations of mechanotransduction in the near future.},
  language  = {en}
}