@phdthesis{Skowronski2021,
  author    = {Skowronski, Marika},
  title     = {Sexualized media and self-objectification in women and adolescents},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-50892},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-508926},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {159},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Background: A growing body of research has documented negative effects of sexualization in the media on individuals' self-objectification. This research is predominantly built on studies examining traditional media, such as magazines and television, and young female samples. Furthermore, longitudinal studies are scarce, and research is missing studying mediators of the relationship. The first aim of the present PhD thesis was to investigate the relations between the use of sexualized interactive media and social media and self-objectification. The second aim of this work was to examine the presumed processes within understudied samples, such as males and females beyond college age, thus investigating the moderating roles of age and gender. The third aim was to shed light on possible mediators of the relation between sexualized media and self-objectification. Method: The research aims were addressed within the scope of four studies. In an experiment, women's self-objectification and body satisfaction was measured after playing a video game with a sexualized vs. a nonsexualized character that was either personalized or generic. The second study investigated the cross-sectional link between sexualized television use and self-objectification and consideration of cosmetic surgery in a sample of women across a broad age spectrum, examining the role of age in the relations. The third study looked at the cross-sectional link between male and female sexualized images on Instagram and their associations with self-objectification among a sample of male and female adolescents. Using a two-wave longitudinal design, the fourth study examined sexualized video game and Instagram use as predictors of adolescents' self-objectification. Path models were conceptualized for the second, third and fourth study, in which media use predicted body surveillance via appearance comparisons (Study 4), thin-ideal internalization (Study 2, 3, 4), muscular-ideal internalization (Study 3, 4), and valuing appearance (all studies). Results: The results of the experimental study revealed no effect of sexualized video game characters on women's self-objectification and body satisfaction. No moderating effect of personalization emerged. Sexualized television use was associated to consideration of cosmetic surgery via body surveillance and valuing appearance for women of all ages in Study 2, while no moderating effect of age was found. Study 3 revealed that seeing sexualized male images on Instagram was indirectly associated with higher body surveillance via muscular-ideal internalization for boys and girls. Sexualized female images were indirectly linked to higher body surveillance via thin-ideal internalization and valuing appearance over competence only for girls. The longitudinal analysis of Study 4 showed no moderating effect of gender: For boys and girls, sexualized video game use at T1 predicted body surveillance at T2 via appearance comparisons, thin-ideal internalization and valuing appearance over competence. Furthermore, the use of sexualized Instagram images at T1 predicted body surveillance at T2 via valuing appearance. Conclusion: The findings show that sexualization in the media is linked to self-objectification among a variety of media formats and within diverse groups of people. While the longitudinal study indicates that sexualized media predict self-objectification over time, the experimental null findings warrant caution regarding this temporal order. The results demonstrate that several mediating variables might be involved in this link. Possible implications for research and practice, such as intervention programs and policy-making, are discussed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Palm2007,
  type      = {Master Thesis},
  author    = {Palm, Mathias},
  title     = {Repraesentatio mundi - K{\"o}rperbezogene Repr{\"a}sentationsdiskurse in Epicedien Johann von Bessers : K{\"o}rperbilder im Gelegenheitsschrifttum des 17. Jahrhunderts},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-15417},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {Die vorliegende Magisterarbeit geht von der Kernthese aus, dass ein zweckgebundenes Charakteristikum von Casuallyrik in der Fr{\"u}hen Neuzeit darin besteht, „dass K{\"o}rperbilder als theoretisch-modellhafte Entit{\"a}ten, als Katalysatoren und Gegenstand eines Repr{\"a}sentations-diskurses" in den Texten identifiziert werden k{\"o}nnen. Die Analyse geht von der „Frage nach der Funktionsweise und den rhetorisch geschaffenen imagin{\"a}ren Vorstellungen von K{\"o}rper" aus und nimmt dabei auch die Zweckgebundenheit dieser literarischen Textsorte, den rhetorischen ‚Bauplan' und die sozialgeschichtlich-anthropologischen Konzepte ‚Repr{\"a}sentation' und ‚K{\"o}rper' in den Blick. Da ein literaturwissenschaftlich nutzbares Repr{\"a}sentationskonzept bisher nicht eingef{\"u}hrt ist, geht es nicht zuletzt um die methodisch angemessene Installierung dieses Ansatzes f{\"u}r die literaturwissenschaftliche Arbeit durch eine interdisziplin{\"a}re Verkn{\"u}pfung der Textwissenschaften mit Aspekten der Kunstgeschichte, der {\"A}sthetik, der allgemeinen und Landesgeschichte sowie der Staatstheorie, Philosophie und Theologie. Vier Epicedien (Trauer-, Grab- und Trostgedicht) aus dem hinterlassenen Werk von Johann von Besser bilden die Basis f{\"u}r dieses Vorgehen. Vor dem Hintergrund der Ideengeschichte (M. Foucault), der Zeichentheorie, der Sozialgeschichte, der Historischen Anthropologie, der K{\"o}rpertheorie und anderen methodischen Ans{\"a}tzen werden sowohl Repr{\"a}sentation und K{\"o}rper als auch K{\"o}rper und literarischer (nach rhetorischem Bauplan ‚produzierter') Text zueinander geordnet. Auf dieser Grundlage werden andere Bereiche des Diskurses angew{\"a}hlt, etwa die Relation zwischen Repr{\"a}sentation und Zeremoniell, die latente ‚Entk{\"o}rperlichung' als prozessuales Resultat der gesellschaftlich-restriktiven Kommunikation (Affektdebatte) oder die Bedeutung des wahrnehmenden Blicks und des bewussten Sehens im Sinne einer Spiegelung des Wahrgenommenen und einer im Ergebnis gedoppelten Repr{\"a}sentation. Das Ziel der Arbeit erreicht die Bereitstellung von aus der Analyse extrahierten Inhalten des k{\"o}rperlichen Repr{\"a}sentationsdiskurses. Diese Inhalte stellen sich als problematisierbare Bestandteilsgruppen des Foucault'schen innersten Gesetzes repr{\"a}sentationsdiskursiver Ordnungen dar und bilden in sich abgrenzbare Analyseeinheiten im Sinne von Desiderata weiterer Arbeiten auf diesem Gebiet.},
  language  = {de}
}