@article{HeinzeGenschWeberetal.2016, author = {Heinze, Johannes and Gensch, Sabine and Weber, Ewald and Joshi, Jasmin Radha}, title = {Soil temperature modifies effects of soil biota on plant growth}, series = {Journal of plant ecology}, volume = {10}, journal = {Journal of plant ecology}, publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {1752-9921}, doi = {10.1093/jpe/rtw097}, pages = {808 -- 821}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Aims Plants directly and indirectly interact with many abiotic and biotic soil components. Research so far mostly focused on direct, individual abiotic or biotic effects on plant growth, but only few studies tested the indirect effects of abiotic soil factors on plant growth. Therefore, we investigated how abiotic soil conditions affect plant performance, via changes induced by soil biota. Methods In a full-factorial experiment, we grew the widespread grass Dactylis glomerata either with or without soil biota and investigated the impact of soil temperature, fertility and moisture on the soil biota effects on plant growth. We measured biomass production, root traits and colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi as well as microbial respiration. Important Findings We found significant interaction effects between abiotic soil conditions and soil biota on plant growth for fertility, but especially for soil temperature, as an increase of 10 degrees C significantly changed the soil biota effects on plant growth from positive to neutral. However, if tested individually, an increase in soil temperature and fertility per se positively affected plant biomass production, whereas soil biota per se did not affect overall plant growth, but both influenced root architecture. By affecting soil microbial activity and root architecture, soil temperature might influence both mutualistic and pathogenic interactions between plants and soil biota. Such soil temperature effects should be considered in soil feedback studies to ensure greater transferability of results from artificial and experimental conditions to natural environmental conditions.}, language = {en} } @article{DellingerEsslHojsgaardetal.2016, author = {Dellinger, Agnes S. and Essl, Franz and Hojsgaard, Diego and Kirchheimer, Bernhard and Klatt, Simone and Dawson, Wayne and Pergl, Jan and Pysek, Petr and van Kleunen, Mark and Weber, Ewald and Winter, Marten and Hoerandl, Elvira and Dullinger, Stefan}, title = {Niche dynamics of alien species do not differ among sexual and apomictic flowering plants}, series = {New phytologist : international journal of plant science}, volume = {209}, journal = {New phytologist : international journal of plant science}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {0028-646X}, doi = {10.1111/nph.13694}, pages = {1313 -- 1323}, year = {2016}, abstract = {We compiled global occurrence data sets of 13 congeneric sexual and apomictic species pairs, and used principal components analysis (PCA) and kernel smoothers to compare changes in climatic niche optima, breadths and unfilling/expansion between native and alien ranges. Niche change metrics were compared between sexual and apomictic species. All 26 species showed changes in niche optima and/or breadth and 14 species significantly expanded their climatic niches. However, we found no effect of the reproductive system on niche dynamics. Instead, species with narrower native niches showed higher rates of niche expansion in the alien ranges. Our results suggest that niche shifts are frequent in plant invasions but evolutionary potential may not be of major importance for such shifts. Niche dynamics rather appear to be driven by changes of the realized niche without adaptive change of the fundamental climatic niche.}, language = {en} } @article{WestburyProstSeelenfreundetal.2016, author = {Westbury, Michael V. and Prost, Stefan and Seelenfreund, Andrea and Ramirez, Jose-Miguel and Matisoo-Smith, Elizabeth A. and Knapp, Michael}, title = {First complete mitochondrial genome data from ancient South American camelids - The mystery of the chilihueques from Isla Mocha (Chile)}, series = {Scientific reports}, volume = {6}, journal = {Scientific reports}, publisher = {Nature Publ. Group}, address = {London}, issn = {2045-2322}, doi = {10.1038/srep38708}, pages = {7}, year = {2016}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Mengin2016, author = {Mengin, Virginie}, title = {Role of the clock in the regulation of growth and metabolism in stable and fluctuating environmental conditions}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {284}, year = {2016}, language = {en} } @article{LaemkeBrzezinkaAltmannetal.2016, author = {L{\"a}mke, J{\"o}rn and Brzezinka, Krzysztof and Altmann, Simone and B{\"a}urle, Isabel}, title = {A hit-and-run heat shock factor governs sustained histone methylation and transcriptional stress memory}, series = {The EMBO journal}, volume = {35}, journal = {The EMBO journal}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {0261-4189}, doi = {10.15252/embj.201592593}, pages = {162 -- 175}, year = {2016}, abstract = {In nature, plants often encounter chronic or recurring stressful conditions. Recent results indicate that plants can remember a past exposure to stress to be better prepared for a future stress incident. However, the molecular basis of this is poorly understood. Here, we report the involvement of chromatin modifications in the maintenance of acquired thermotolerance (heat stress [HS] memory). HS memory is associated with the accumulation of histone H3 lysine 4 di- and trimethylation at memory-related loci. This accumulation outlasts their transcriptional activity and marks them as recently transcriptionally active. High accumulation of H3K4 methylation is associated with hyper-induction of gene expression upon a recurring HS. This transcriptional memory and the sustained accumulation of H3K4 methylation depend on HSFA2, a transcription factor that is required for HS memory, but not initial heat responses. Interestingly, HSFA2 associates with memory-related loci transiently during the early stages following HS. In summary, we show that transcriptional memory after HS is associated with sustained H3K4 hyper-methylation and depends on a hit-and-run transcription factor, thus providing a molecular framework for HS memory.}, language = {en} } @article{NowakSzczepanskaGomulaIpsenetal.2016, author = {Nowak-Szczepanska, Natalia and Gomula, A. and Ipsen, Marie Josephin and Koziel, Slawomir}, title = {Different effects of living conditions on the variation in BMI and height in children before the onset of puberty}, series = {European journal of clinical nutrition}, volume = {70}, journal = {European journal of clinical nutrition}, publisher = {Nature Publ. Group}, address = {London}, issn = {0954-3007}, doi = {10.1038/ejcn.2016.30}, pages = {662 -- 666}, year = {2016}, abstract = {SUBJECTS/METHODS: The study included 5597 boys and 5479 girls aged 7-8 years of age. Socioeconomic status (SES) was defined in three categories: high, medium and low. RESULTS: Between 1966 and 2012, the mean values for height and BMI significantly increased in both sexes (P<0.001). The variation of these two parameters, however, showed a different pattern. Whereas the variation in Z-values for height remained unchanged in both sexes, the variation in BMI increased in boys (P<0.01) but not in girls. SES affected the variation in Z-BMI in 1978 in both sexes (P<0.001), whereas variation in Z-height between SES categories remained unchanged across all years of surveys in boys. Before the political transformation, significant regional differences were observed in the variances of Z-BMI (P<0.05) but not of Z-height. This pattern changed after the political transformation, when regional differences in variances of Z-BMI disappeared. CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that the mean values and the variation of BMI are affected by a changing quality of life, whereas the variation in height is usually independent of living conditions.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Xu2016, author = {Xu, Ke}, title = {Functional characterization of two MYB transcription factors, MYB95 and MYB47, in Arabidopsis thaliana}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {108}, year = {2016}, language = {en} } @article{WackerPiephoHarwoodetal.2016, author = {Wacker, Alexander and Piepho, Maike and Harwood, John L. and Guschina, Irina A. and Arts, Michael T.}, title = {Light-Induced Changes in Fatty Acid Profiles of Specific Lipid Classes in Several Freshwater Phytoplankton Species}, series = {Frontiers in plant science : FPLS}, volume = {7}, journal = {Frontiers in plant science : FPLS}, publisher = {Frontiers Media}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-462X}, doi = {10.3389/fpls.2016.00264}, pages = {1 -- 13}, year = {2016}, abstract = {We tested the influence of two light intensities [40 and 300 μmol PAR / (m2s)] on the fatty acid composition of three distinct lipid classes in four freshwater phytoplankton species. We chose species of different taxonomic classes in order to detect potentially similar reaction characteristics that might also be present in natural phytoplankton communities. From samples of the bacillariophyte Asterionella formosa, the chrysophyte Chromulina sp., the cryptophyte Cryptomonas ovata and the zygnematophyte Cosmarium botrytis we first separated glycolipids (monogalactosyldiacylglycerol, digalactosyldiacylglycerol, and sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol), phospholipids (phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, and phosphatidylserine) as well as non-polar lipids (triacylglycerols), before analyzing the fatty acid composition of each lipid class. High variation in the fatty acid composition existed among different species. Individual fatty acid compositions differed in their reaction to changing light intensities in the four species. Although no generalizations could be made for species across taxonomic classes, individual species showed clear but small responses in their ecologically-relevant omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in terms of proportions and of per tissue carbon quotas. Knowledge on how lipids like fatty acids change with environmental or culture conditions is of great interest in ecological food web studies, aquaculture, and biotechnology, since algal lipids are the most important sources of omega-3 long-chain PUFA for aquatic and terrestrial consumers, including humans.}, language = {en} } @misc{SperfeldRaubenheimerWacker2016, author = {Sperfeld, Erik and Raubenheimer, David and Wacker, Alexander}, title = {Bridging factorial and gradient concepts of resource co-limitation: towards a general framework applied to consumers}, series = {Ecology letters}, volume = {19}, journal = {Ecology letters}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {1461-023X}, doi = {10.1111/ele.12554}, pages = {201 -- 215}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Organism growth can be limited either by a single resource or by multiple resources simultaneously (co-limitation). Efforts to characterise co-limitation have generated two influential approaches. One approach uses limitation scenarios of factorial growth assays to distinguish specific types of co-limitation; the other uses growth responses spanned over a continuous, multi-dimensional resource space to characterise different types of response surfaces. Both approaches have been useful in investigating particular aspects of co-limitation, but a synthesis is needed to stimulate development of this recent research area. We address this gap by integrating the two approaches, thereby presenting a more general framework of co-limitation. We found that various factorial (co-)limitation scenarios can emerge in different response surface types based on continuous availabilities of essential or substitutable resources. We tested our conceptual co-limitation framework on data sets of published and unpublished studies examining the limitation of two herbivorous consumers in a two-dimensional resource space. The experimental data corroborate the predictions, suggesting a general applicability of our co-limitation framework to generalist consumers and potentially also to other organisms. The presented framework might give insight into mechanisms that underlie co-limitation responses and thus can be a seminal starting point for evaluating co-limitation patterns in experiments and nature.}, language = {en} } @article{KoussoroplisWacker2016, author = {Koussoroplis, Apostolos-Manuel and Wacker, Alexander}, title = {Covariance modulates the effect of joint temperature and food variance on ectotherm life-history traits}, series = {Ecology letters}, volume = {19}, journal = {Ecology letters}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {1461-023X}, doi = {10.1111/ele.12546}, pages = {143 -- 152}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Understanding animal performance in heterogeneous or variable environments is a central question in ecology. We combine modelling and experiments to test how temperature and food availability variance jointly affect life-history traits of ectotherms. The model predicts that as mean temperatures move away from the ectotherm's thermal optimum, the effect size of joint thermal and food variance should become increasingly sensitive to their covariance. Below the thermal optimum, performance should be positively correlated with food-temperature covariance and the opposite is predicted above it. At lower temperatures, covariance should determine whether food and temperature variance increases or decreases performance compared to constant conditions. Somewhat stronger than predicted, the covariance effect below the thermal optimum was confirmed experimentally on an aquatic ectotherm (Daphnia magna) exposed to diurnal food and temperature variance with different amounts of covariance. Our findings have important implications for understanding ectotherm responses to climate-driven alterations of thermal mean and variance.}, language = {en} }