@article{VollmeyerRheinberg2006,
  author    = {Vollmeyer, Regina and Rheinberg, Falko},
  title     = {Motivational Effects on self-Regulated learning with different Tasks},
  series = {Educational psychology review},
  volume    = {18},
  journal   = {Educational psychology review},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {New York},
  issn      = {1040-726X},
  doi       = {10.1007/s10648-006-9017-0},
  pages     = {239 -- 253},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {In our cognitive motivational process model (Vollmeyer \& Rheinberg, Zeitschrift f{\"u}r P{\"a}dagogische Psychologie, 12:11-23, 1998) we assume that initial motivation affects performance via motivation during learning and learning strategies. These variables are also central for self-regulation theories (e.g., M. Boekaerts, European Psychologist, 1:100-122, 1996). In this article we discuss methods with which the model can be tested. Initial motivation with its four factors challenge, probability of success, interest, and anxiety was measured with the Questionnaire on Current Motivation (QCM; Rheinberg, Vollmeyer, \& Burns, Diagnostica, 47:57-66, 2001). As an indicator for the functional state we assessed flow with the FKS (Rheinberg, Vollmeyer, \& Engeser, Diagnostik von Motivation und Selbstkonzept [Diagnosis of Motivation and Self-Concept], Hogrefe, G{\"o}ttingen, Germany, 261-279, 2003). We also used different tasks, including a linear system, a hypermedia program, and university-level classes. In general, our methods are valid and with them we found support for our model.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Oberauer2006,
  author    = {Oberauer, Klaus},
  title     = {Is the focus of attention in working memory expanded through practice?},
  doi       = {10.1037/0278-7393.32.2.197},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {This article reinvestigates the claim by P. Verhaeghen, J. Cerella, and C. Basak (2004) that the focus of attention in working memory can be expanded from 1 to 4 items through practice. Using a modified version of Verhaeghen et al.'s n-back paradigm, Experiments 1 and 3 show that a signature of a one-item focus, the time cost for switching between items in working memory, persists over practice. Verhaeghen et al. reported a shift over practice from a step function to a linear slope of reaction times over set size and argued that it reflects the expansion of the focus. With an improved counterbalancing scheme, a continuously increasing slope was found even without practice in Experiment 2. The results question the hypothesis that the focus is expanded through practice. They are in line with predictions from a model that distinguishes a one-item focus from a direct-access region holding about 4 items},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KraheAltwasser2006,
  author    = {Krah{\´e}, Barbara and Altwasser, Colette},
  title     = {Changing negative attitudes towards persons with physical disabilities: an experimental intervention},
  issn      = {1052-9284},
  doi       = {10.1002/casp.849},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {An experimental study was designed and tested to change negative attitudes towards the physically disabled. A pre-post-test intervention was conducted including three conditions: (a) cognitive intervention; (b) cognitive and behavioural intervention involving equal-status contact with the target group; (c) no-intervention control. The sample consisted of 70 ninth grade students. Following baseline assessments of attitudes, attitude change was measured immediately following the intervention and at a follow-up three months post-intervention. The cognitive intervention provided information about physical disability and challenged stereotypic conceptions about the physically disabled. The behavioural intervention consisted of engaging in three paralympic disciplines under the instruction of a group of disabled athletes. The cognitive intervention alone did not result in significant changes in attitudes towards the physically disabled. However, the combined cognitive-behavioural intervention resulted in greater attitude change than the no-intervention condition, both immediately post-intervention and at a three months follow-up. The findings are discussed with regard to models of attitude change through equal-status contact.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WilhelmOberauer2006,
  author    = {Wilhelm, Oliver and Oberauer, Klaus},
  title     = {Why are reasoning ability and working memory capacity related to mental speed? An investigation of stimulus- response compatibility in choice reaction time tasks},
  doi       = {10.1080/09541440500215921},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {A study with 114 young adults investigated the correlations of intelligence factors and working-memory capacity with reaction time (RT) tasks. Within two sets of four-choice RT tasks, stimulus-response compatibility was varied over three levels: compatible, incompatible, and arbitrary mappings. Two satisfactory measurement models for the RTs could be established: A general factor model without constraints on the loadings and a nested model with two correlated factors, distinguishing compatible from arbitrary mappings, with constraints on the loadings. Structural models additionally including factors for working memory and intelligence showed that the nested model with correlated factors is superior in fit. Working-memory capacity and fluid intelligence were correlated strongly with the nested factor for the RT tasks with arbitrary mappings, and less with the general RT factor. The results support the hypothesis that working memory is needed to maintain arbitrary bindings between stimulus representations and response representations, and this could explain the correlation of working-memory capacity with speed in choice RT tasks},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Schwarz2006,
  author    = {Schwarz, Wolfgang},
  title     = {On the relation between the redundant signals effect and temporal order judgments: Parametric data and a new model},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {Paradigms used to study the time course of the redundant signals effect (RSE; J. O. Miller, 1986) and temporal order judgments (TOJs) share many important similarities and address related questions concerning the time course of sensory processing. The author of this article proposes and tests a new aggregate diffusion-based model to quantitatively explain both the RSE and TOJs and the relationship between them. Parametric data (13 stimulus onset asynchronies) from an experiment with pairs of visual stimuli (626-nm LEDs) confirm that, relative to central signals (3 degrees), peripheral signals (35 degrees) yield slower reaction times, more strongly modulated RSE time-course functions, and flatter TOJ psychometric functions. All of these qualitative features are well captured, even in quantitative detail, by the aggregate diffusion model.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EngbertMergenthaler2006,
  author    = {Engbert, Ralf and Mergenthaler, Konstantin},
  title     = {Microsaccades are triggered by low retinal image slip},
  issn      = {0027-8424},
  doi       = {10.1073/pnas.0509557103},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {Even during visual fixation of a stationary target, our eyes perform rather erratic miniature movements, which represent a random walk. These "fixational" eye movements counteract perceptual fading, a consequence of fast adaptation of the retinal receptor systems to constant input. The most important contribution to fixational eye movements is produced by microsaccades; however, a specific function of microsaccades only recently has been found. Here we show that the occurrence of microsaccades is correlated with low retinal image slip approximate to 200 ms before microsaccade onset. This result suggests that microsaccades are triggered dynamically, in contrast to the current view that microsaccades are randomly distributed in time characterized by their rate-of-occurrence of 1 to 2 per second. As a result of the dynamic triggering mechanism, individual microsaccade rate can be predicted by the fractal dimension of trajectories. Finally, we propose a minimal computational model for the dynamic triggering of microsaccades},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Krahe2006,
  author    = {Krah{\´e}, Barbara},
  title     = {Effects of violent pornography},
  issn      = {0952-8229},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DeBleserSchwarzBurchert2006,
  author    = {De Bleser, Ria and Schwarz, Wolfgang and Burchert, Frank},
  title     = {Quantitative neurosyntactic analyses : the final word?},
  issn      = {0093-934X},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.bandl.2005.06.010},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{VianaWackermannFurtadoEsseretal.2006,
  author    = {Viana-Wackermann, Paula C. and Furtado, Erikson F. and Esser, G{\"u}nter and Schmidt, Martin H. and Laucht, Manfred},
  title     = {Lower P300 amplitude in eight-year-old offspring of alcoholic fathers with a delinquent history},
  issn      = {0940-1334},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00406-006-0709-8},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {The aim of the present study was to investigate the P300 amplitude as a possible vulnerability marker in children of alcoholic (COA) fathers with and without paternal delinquency. Event-related potentials (ERPs) of 122 children aged 8 years (63 boys, 59 girls) were compared depending on father's alcoholism subtype: 30 COAs without paternal delinquency, 10 COAs with paternal delinquency, and 82 children of non-alcoholic and non-delinquent fathers. ERPs were recorded from Fz, Cz, and Pz, using an auditory oddball paradigm. Sinus tones of 60 dB HL were presented binaurally at 1,000 Hz (standard stimulus) and 2,000 Hz (target stimulus), at a relative frequency ratio of 80:20. Two trial blocks of 250 stimuli each were collected. Results indicated that only COAs with paternal delinquency displayed significant differences from the control group, characterized by reduced P300 amplitude at frontal site and in the second trial block. Thus, the combination of fathers' alcoholism and delinquency was more likely to relate to attenuated P300 amplitude in the offspring than paternal alcoholism alone. Our results suggest that both alcoholic and delinquent family history appear to play a role in P300 amplitude reduction in the offspring.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{ThielRomanoKurthsetal.2006,
  author    = {Thiel, Marco and Romano, Maria Carmen and Kurths, J{\"u}rgen and Rolfs, Martin},
  title     = {Twin Surrogates to Test for Complex Synchronisation},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-57231},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {We present an approach to generate (multivariate) twin surrogates (TS) based on recurrence properties. This technique generates surrogates which correspond to an independent copy of the underlying system, i. e. they induce a trajectory of the underlying system starting at different initial conditions. We show that these surrogates are well suited to test for complex synchronisation and exemplify this for the paradigmatic system of R¨ossler oscillators. The proposed test enables to assess the statistical relevance of a synchronisation analysis from passive experiments which are typical in natural systems.},
  language  = {en}
}