@article{BlasigWinklerLassowskietal.2006,
  author    = {Blasig, Ingolf E. and Winkler, Lars and Lassowski, Birgit and M{\"u}ller, Sandra L. and Zuleger, Nikolaj and Krause, Eberhard and Krause, Gerd and Gast, Klaus and Kolbe, Michael and Piontek, J{\"o}rg},
  title     = {On the self-association potential of transmembrane tight junction proteins},
  issn      = {1420-682X},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00018-005-5472-x},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {Tight junctions seal intercellular clefts via membrane-related strands, hence, maintaining important organ functions. We investigated the self-association of strand-forming transmembrane tight junction proteins. The regulatory tight junction protein occludin was differently tagged and cotransfected in eucaryotic cells. These occludins colocalized within the plasma membrane of the same cell, coprecipitated and exhibited fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Differently tagged strand-forming claudin-5 also colocalized in the plasma membrane of the same cell and showed fluorescence resonance energy transfer. This demonstrates self-association in intact cells both of occludin and claudin-5 in one plasma membrane. In search of dimerizing regions of occludin, dimerization of its cytosolic C-terminal coiled-coil domain was identified. In claudin-5, the second extracellular loop was detected as a dimer. Since the transmembrane junctional adhesion molecule also is known to dimerize, the assumption that homodimerization of transmembrane tight junction proteins may serve as a common structural feature in tight junction assembly is supported},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MaurerWeyandFischeretal.2006,
  author    = {Maurer, Katrin and Weyand, Anne and Fischer, Markus and St{\"o}cklin, J{\"u}rg},
  title     = {Old cultural traditions, in addition to land use and topography, are shaping plant diversity of grasslands in the Alps},
  issn      = {0006-3207},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.biocon.2006.01.005},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {Socio-economically motivated land use changes are a major threat for species diversity of grasslands throughout the world. Here, we comprehensively explore how plant species diversity of grasslands in the species-rich cultural landscape of the Swiss Alps depends on recent land use changes, and, neglected in previous studies, on old cultural traditions. We studied diversity in 216 grassland parcels at three altitudinal levels in 12 villages of three cultural traditions (Romanic, Germanic, and Walser). In valleys of Romanic villages more different parcel types tended to occur than in those of Germanic and Walser villages, suggesting that socio-economic differences among cultural traditions still play a role in shaping landscape diversity. Moreover, at the village level, higher man-made landscape diversity was associated with higher plant species richness. All observed changes in land use reduced the farmers' workload. Plant species richness was lower in fertilized than in unfertilized parcels and in abandoned compared with used parcels. Grazing slightly reduced species richness compared with mowing among unfertilized parcels, while in fertilized parcels it had a positive influence. The highest species diversity was found in mown unfertilized subalpine grasslands. Nevertheless, moderate grazing of former meadows can be a valuable alternative to abandonment. We conclude that the ongoing changes in land use reduce plant species richness within parcels and at the landscape level. To preserve plant species diversity at the landscape level a high diversity of land use types has to be maintained.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BiancoZupoKetmaier2006,
  author    = {Bianco, Pier Giorgio and Zupo, V and Ketmaier, Valerio},
  title     = {Occurrence of the scalloped ribbonfish Zu cristatus(Lampridiformes) in coastal waters of the central Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy},
  issn      = {0022-1112},
  doi       = {10.1111/j.1095-8649.2006.00980.x},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {The occurrence of two individuals of Zu cristatus at 2 m depth in coastal waters of the Gulf of Castellamare (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy) together with records of this rare pan-Oceanic mesopelagic species is reported. Analyses of two mitochondrial genes (12 s and 16 s; 936 bp) revealed a 2.6\% sequence divergence between Mediterranean and Pacific (Japanese) samples of the species.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DeschampsHaferkampDauvilleeetal.2006,
  author    = {Deschamps, Philippe and Haferkamp, Ilka and Dauvillee, David and Haebel, Sophie and Steup, Martin and Buleon, Alain and Putaux, Jean-Luc and Colleoni, Christophe and d'Hulst, Christophe and Plancke, Charlotte and Gould, Sven and Maier, Uwe and Neuhaus, Heinz Eckhard and Ball, Steven G.},
  title     = {Nature of the periplastidial pathway of starch synthesis in the cryptophyte Guillardia theta},
  issn      = {1535-9778},
  doi       = {10.1128/Ec.00380-05},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {The nature of the periplastidial pathway of starch biosynthesis was investigated with the model cryptophyte Guillardia theta. The storage polysaccharide granules were shown to be composed of both amylose and amylopectin fractions with a chain length distribution and crystalline organization very similar to those of starch from green algae and land plants. Most starch granules displayed a shape consistent with biosynthesis occurring around the pyrenoid through the rhodoplast membranes. A protein with significant similarity to the amylose-synthesizing granule-bound starch syntbase 1 from green plants was found as the major polypeptide bound to the polysaccharide matrix. N-terminal sequencing of the mature protein proved that the precursor protein carries a nonfunctional transit peptide in its bipartite topogenic signal sequence which is cleaved without yielding transport of the enzyme across the two inner plastid membranes. The enzyme was shown to display similar affinities for ADP and UDP-glucose, while the V-max measured with UDP-glucose was twofold higher. The granule-bound starch synthase from Guillardia theta was demonstrated to be responsible for the synthesis of long glucan chains and therefore to be the functional equivalent of the amylose- synthesizing enzyme of green plants. Preliminary characterization of the starch pathway suggests that Guillardia theta utilizes a UDP-glucose-based pathway to synthesize starch},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Micheel2006,
  author    = {Micheel, Burkhard},
  title     = {Monoclonal Antibodies},
  isbn      = {978-3-540-44244-8},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KetmaierGiustiCaccone2006,
  author    = {Ketmaier, Valerio and Giusti, Folco and Caccone, Adalgisa},
  title     = {Molecular phylogeny and historical biogeography of the land snail genus Solatopupa (Pulmonata) in the peri- Tyrrhenian area},
  issn      = {1055-7903},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.ympev.2005.12.008},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {The land snail genus Solatopupa consists of six species and has a peri-Tyrrhenian distribution; most of the species have a very narrow range and all of them except one (Solatopupa cianensis, which inhabits porphyritic rocks) are strictly bound to calcareous substrates. One species (Solatopupa gidoni) is limited to Sardinia, Corsica, and Elba Island. Because the potential for dispersal of these snails is low, the insular range of this species has been traditionally related to the Oligocenic detachment of the Sardinia-Corsica microplate from the Iberian plate and its subsequent rotation towards the Italian peninsula. In this Study, we used sequences of three mitochondrial and one nuclear gene to reconstruct the evolutionary history of the genus. Our phylogenetic results are consistent with the genetic relationships found using allozymes, but contrast with the phylogenetic hypotheses based on karyology and morphology. Molecular clock estimates indicate that the main cladogenetic events in the genus occurred between the middle Miocene and the middle-late Pliocene. Patterns of phylogenetic relationships and geological considerations suggest that the cladogenesis of the genus can be explained by vicariant (tectonic) processes. Our datings do not support a causal relation between the split of S. guidoni from its continental sister taxon and the initial phases of the detachment of the Corsica-Sardinia microplate from the mainland. On the contrary, time estimates coincide with the very last phase of detachment of the microplate (from 5 to 3 Myrs ago). Overall, our molecular clock estimates are in good agreement with the latest geological views on the tectonic evolution of the peri-Tyrrhenian area.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WachtenSchlenstedtGaussetal.2006,
  author    = {Wachten, Sebastian and Schlenstedt, Jana and Gauss, Renate and Baumann, Arnd},
  title     = {Molecular identification and functional characterization of an adenylyl cyclase from the honeybee},
  doi       = {10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03666.x},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {Cyclic AMP (cAMP) serves as an important messenger in virtually all organisms. In the honeybee (Apis mellifera), cAMP-dependent signal transduction has been implicated in behavioural processes as well as in learning and memory. Key components of cAMP-signalling cascades are adenylyl cyclases. However, the molecular identities and biochemical properties of adenylyl cyclases are completely unknown in the honeybee. We have cloned a cDNA (Amac3) from honeybee brain that encodes a membrane-bound adenylyl cyclase. The Amac3 gene is an orthologue of the Drosophila ac39E gene. The corresponding proteins share an overall amino acid similarity of approximately 62\%. Phylogenetically, AmAC3 belongs to group 1 adenylyl cyclases. Heterologously expressed AmAC3 displays basal enzymatic activity and efficient coupling to endogenous G protein signalling pathways. Stimulation of beta-adrenergic receptors induces AmAC3 activity with an EC50 of about 3.1 mu m. Enzymatic activity is also increased by forskolin (EC50 approximately 15 mu m), a specific agonist of membrane-bound adenylyl cyclases. Similar to certain biogenic amine receptor genes of the honeybee, Amac3 transcripts are expressed in many somata of the brain, especially in mushroom body neurones. These results suggest that the enzyme serves in biogenic amine signal transduction cascades and in higher brain functions that contribute to learning and memory of the bee},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MuessigLissoCollGarciaetal.2006,
  author    = {M{\"u}ssig, Carsten and Lisso, Janina and Coll-Garcia, Danahe and Altmann, Thomas},
  title     = {Molecular analysis of brassinosteroid action},
  doi       = {10.1055/s-2005-873043},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {Brassinosteroids (BRs) are steroidal plant hormones with important regulatory roles in various physiological processes, including growth, xylem differentiation, disease resistance, and stress tolerance. Several components of the BR signal transduction pathway have been identified. The extracellular domains of receptor kinases such as BRI1 perceive BRs and transduce the signal via intracellular kinase domains. Within the cell further kinases and phosphatases determine the phosphorylation status of transcription factors such as BES1 and BZR1. These factors mediate major BR effects. Studies of BR-regulated genes shed light on the molecular mode of BR action. Genes encoding cell-wall-modifying enzymes, enzymes of the BR biosynthetic pathway, transcription factors, and proteins involved in primary and secondary metabolism are subject to BR-regulation. Gene expression data also point at interactions with other phytohormones and a role of BR in stress responses. This article gives a survey of the BR-signaling pathway. Two BR-responsive genes, OPR3 and EXO, are described in detail},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{TiedemannPfautsch2006,
  author    = {Tiedemann, Ralph and Pfautsch, Simone},
  title     = {MHC evolution in ducks and allies},
  series = {Journal of ornithology},
  volume    = {147},
  journal   = {Journal of ornithology},
  number    = {Supplement 1},
  publisher = {Blackwell},
  address   = {New York},
  issn      = {0021-8375},
  pages     = {48 -- 48},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MorgenthalWeckwerthSteuer2006,
  author    = {Morgenthal, Katja and Weckwerth, Wolfram and Steuer, Ralf},
  title     = {Metabolomic networks in plants : transitions from pattern recognition to biological interpretation},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.biosystems.2005.05.017},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {Nowadays techniques for non-targeted metabolite profiling allow for the generation of huge amounts of relevant data essential for the construction of dynamic metabolomic networks. Thus, metabolomics, besides transcriptomics or proteomics, provides a major tool for the characterization of postgenomic processes. In this work, we introduce comparative correlation analysis as a complementary approach to characterize the physiological states of various organs of diverse plant species with focus on specific participation of metabolites in different reaction networks. The correlations observed are induced by diminutive fluctuations in environmental conditions, which propagate through the system and induce specific patterns depending on the genomic background. In order to examine this hypothesis, numeric examples of such fluctuations are computed and compared with experimentally obtained metabolite data.},
  language  = {en}
}