@article{FernandezHoehleBrocketal.2018,
  author    = {Fernandez, Leigh and H{\"o}hle, Barbara and Brock, Jon and Nickels, Lyndsey},
  title     = {Investigating auditory processing of syntactic gaps with L2 speakers using pupillometry},
  series = {Second language research},
  volume    = {34},
  journal   = {Second language research},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Sage Publ.},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {0267-6583},
  doi       = {10.1177/0267658317722386},
  pages     = {201 -- 227},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {According to the Shallow Structure Hypothesis (SSH), second language (L2) speakers, unlike native speakers, build shallow syntactic representations during sentence processing. In order to test the SSH, this study investigated the processing of a syntactic movement in both native speakers of English and proficient late L2 speakers of English using pupillometry to measure processing cost. Of particular interest were constructions where movement resulted in an intermediate gap between clauses. Pupil diameter was recorded during auditory presentation of complex syntactic constructions. Two factors were manipulated: syntactic movement (such that some conditions contained movement while others did not), as well as syntactic movement type (either causing an intermediate gap or not). Grammaticality judgments revealed no differences between the two groups, suggesting both were capable of comprehending these constructions. Pupil change slope measurements revealed a potential sensitivity to intermediate gaps for only native speakers, however, both native and late L2 speakers showed similar facilitation during processing of the second gap site. Acoustic analysis revealed potential acoustic cues that may have facilitated the processing of these constructions. This suggests that, contrary to the predictions of the SSH, late L2 speakers are capable of constructing rich syntactic representations during the processing of intermediate gap constructions in spoken language.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KohnenNickelsGeigisetal.2018,
  author    = {Kohnen, Saskia and Nickels, Lyndsey and Geigis, Leonie and Coltheart, Max and McArthur, Genevieve and Castles, Anne},
  title     = {Variations within a subtype},
  series = {Cortex : a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behaviour},
  volume    = {106},
  journal   = {Cortex : a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behaviour},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Paris},
  issn      = {0010-9452},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.cortex.2018.04.008},
  pages     = {151 -- 163},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Surface dyslexia is characterised by poor reading of irregular words while nonword reading can be completely normal. Previous work has identified several theoretical possibilities for the underlying locus of impairment in surface dyslexia. In this study, we systematically investigated whether children with surface dyslexia showed different patterns of reading performance that could be traced back to different underlying levels of impairment. To do this, we tested 12 English readers, replicating previous work in Hebrew (Gvion \& Friedmann, 2013; 2016; Friedmann \& Lukov, 2008; Friedmann \& Gvion, 2016). In our sample, we found that poor irregular word reading was associated with deficits at the level of the orthographic input lexicon and with impaired access to meaning and spoken word forms after processing written words in the orthographic input lexicon. There were also children whose surface dyslexia seemed to be caused by impairments of the phonological output lexicon. We suggest that further evidence is required to unequivocally support a fourth pattern where the link between orthography and meaning is intact while the link between orthography and spoken word forms is not functioning. All patterns found were consistent with dual route theory while possible patterns of results, which would be inconsistent with dual route theory, were not detected. Crown Copyright (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HameisterNickels2018,
  author    = {Hameister, Inga and Nickels, Lyndsey},
  title     = {The cat in the tree - using picture descriptions to inform our understanding of conceptualisation in aphasia},
  series = {Language, cognition and neuroscience},
  volume    = {33},
  journal   = {Language, cognition and neuroscience},
  number    = {10},
  publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group},
  address   = {Abingdon},
  issn      = {2327-3798},
  doi       = {10.1080/23273798.2018.1497801},
  pages     = {1296 -- 1314},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Conceptualisation is the first step of speech production and describes the process by which we map our thoughts onto spoken language. Recent studies suggest that some people with language impairments have conceptualisation deficits manifested by information selection and sequencing difficulties. In this study, we examined conceptualisation in the complex picture descriptions of individuals with and without aphasia. We analysed the number and the order of main concepts (ideas produced by >= 60\% of unimpaired speakers) and non-main concepts (e.g. irrelevant details). Half of the individuals with aphasia showed a reduced number of main concepts that could not be fully accounted for by their language production deficits. Moreover, individuals with aphasia produced both a larger amount of marginally relevant information, as well as having greater variability in the order of main concepts. Both findings provide support for the idea that conceptualisation deficits are a relatively common impairment in people with aphasia.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{MaruschJaegerNeissetal.2018,
  author    = {Marusch, Tina and J{\"a}ger, Lena Ann and Neiß, Leander and Burchert, Frank and Nickels, Lyndsey},
  title     = {Overt language production of German past participles},
  series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  journal   = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  number    = {492},
  issn      = {1866-8364},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-420621},
  pages     = {21},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {We report two experiments and Bayesian modelling of the data collected. In both experiments, participants performed a long-lag primed picture naming task. Black-and-white line drawings were used as targets, which were overtly named by the participants. Their naming latencies were measured. In both experiments, primes consisted of past participle verbs (er tanzt/er hat getanzt "he dances/he has danced") and the relationship between primes and targets was either morphological or unrelated. Experiment 1 additionally had phonologically and semantically related prime-target pairs as well as present tense primes. Both in Experiment 1 and 2, participants showed significantly faster naming latencies for morphologically related targets relative to the unrelated verb primes. In Experiment 1, no priming effects were observed in phonologically and semantically related control conditions. In addition, the production latencies were not influenced by verb type.},
  language  = {en}
}