@article{Reich2013, author = {Reich, Sebastian}, title = {A nonparametric ensemble transform method for bayesian inference}, series = {SIAM journal on scientific computing}, volume = {35}, journal = {SIAM journal on scientific computing}, number = {4}, publisher = {Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics}, address = {Philadelphia}, issn = {1064-8275}, doi = {10.1137/130907367}, pages = {A2013 -- A2024}, year = {2013}, abstract = {Many applications, such as intermittent data assimilation, lead to a recursive application of Bayesian inference within a Monte Carlo context. Popular data assimilation algorithms include sequential Monte Carlo methods and ensemble Kalman filters (EnKFs). These methods differ in the way Bayesian inference is implemented. Sequential Monte Carlo methods rely on importance sampling combined with a resampling step, while EnKFs utilize a linear transformation of Monte Carlo samples based on the classic Kalman filter. While EnKFs have proven to be quite robust even for small ensemble sizes, they are not consistent since their derivation relies on a linear regression ansatz. In this paper, we propose another transform method, which does not rely on any a priori assumptions on the underlying prior and posterior distributions. The new method is based on solving an optimal transportation problem for discrete random variables.}, language = {en} } @article{CaoNiHerzschuhetal.2013, author = {Cao, Xianyong and Ni, Jian and Herzschuh, Ulrike and Wang, Yongbo and Zhao, Yan}, title = {A late quaternary pollen dataset from eastern continental Asia for vegetation and climate reconstructions set up and evaluation}, series = {Review of palaeobotany and palynology : an international journal}, volume = {194}, journal = {Review of palaeobotany and palynology : an international journal}, number = {13}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0034-6667}, doi = {10.1016/j.revpalbo.2013.02.003}, pages = {21 -- 37}, year = {2013}, abstract = {A total of 271 pollen records were selected from a large collection of both raw and digitized pollen spectra from eastern continental Asia (70 degrees-135 degrees E and 18 degrees-55 degrees N). Following pollen percentage recalculations, taxonomic homogenization, and age-depth model revision, the pollen spectra were interpolated at a 500-year resolution and a taxonomically harmonized and temporally standardized fossil pollen dataset established with 226 pollen taxa, covering the last 22 cal lea. Of the 271 pollen records, 85\% were published since 1990, with reliable chronologies and high temporal resolutions; of these, 50\% have raw data with complete pollen assemblages, ensuring the quality of this dataset The pollen records available for each 500-year time slice are well distributed over all main vegetation types and climatic zones of the study area, making their pollen spectra suitable for paleovegetation and paleoclimate research. Such a dataset can be used as an example for the development of similar datasets for other regions of the world.}, language = {en} }