@article{RaelingSchroederWartenburger2016,
  author    = {R{\"a}ling, Romy and Schr{\"o}der, Astrid and Wartenburger, Isabell},
  title     = {The origins of age of acquisition and typicality effects: Semantic processing in aphasia and the ageing brain},
  series = {Neuropsychologia : an international journal in behavioural and cognitive neuroscience},
  volume    = {86},
  journal   = {Neuropsychologia : an international journal in behavioural and cognitive neuroscience},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {0028-3932},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.04.019},
  pages     = {80 -- 92},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Age of acquisition (AOA) has frequently been shown to influence response times and accuracy rates in word processing and constitutes a meaningful variable in aphasic language processing, while its origin in the language processing system is still under debate. To find out where AOA originates and whether and how it is related to another important psycholinguistic variable, namely semantic typicality (TYP), we studied healthy, elderly controls and semantically impaired individuals using semantic priming. For this purpose, we collected reaction times and accuracy rates as well as event-related potential data in an auditory category-member-verification task. The present results confirm a semantic origin of TYP, but question the same for AOA while favouring its origin at the phonology-semantics interface. The data are further interpreted in consideration of recent theories of ageing. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RaelingHolzgrefeLangSchroederetal.2015,
  author    = {R{\"a}ling, Romy and Holzgrefe-Lang, Julia and Schr{\"o}der, Astrid and Wartenburger, Isabell},
  title     = {On the influence of typicality and age of acquisition on semantic processing: Diverging evidence from behavioural and ERP responses},
  series = {Neuropsychologia : an international journal in behavioural and cognitive neuroscience},
  volume    = {75},
  journal   = {Neuropsychologia : an international journal in behavioural and cognitive neuroscience},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {0028-3932},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.05.031},
  pages     = {186 -- 200},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {Various behavioural studies show that semantic typicality (TYP) and age of acquisition (AOA) of a specific word influence processing time and accuracy during the performance of lexical-semantic tasks. This study examines the influence of TYP and AOA on semantic processing at behavioural (response times and accuracy data) and electrophysiological levels using an auditory category-member-verification task. Reaction time data reveal independent TYP and AOA effects, while in the accuracy data and the event-related potentials predominantly effects of TYP can be found. The present study thus confirms previous findings and extends evidence found in the visual modality to the auditory modality. A modality-independent influence on semantic word processing is manifested. However, with regard to the influence of AOA, the diverging results raise questions on the origin of AOA effects as well as on the interpretation of offline and online data. Hence, results will be discussed against the background of recent theories on N400 correlates in semantic processing. In addition, an argument in favour of a complementary use of research techniques will be made. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchroderGemballaRuppinetal.2012,
  author    = {Schroder, Astrid and Gemballa, Teresa and Ruppin, Steffie and Wartenburger, Isabell},
  title     = {German norms for semantic typicality, age of acquisition, and concept familiarity},
  series = {Behavior research methods : a journal of the Psychonomic Society},
  volume    = {44},
  journal   = {Behavior research methods : a journal of the Psychonomic Society},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {New York},
  issn      = {1554-351X},
  doi       = {10.3758/s13428-011-0164-y},
  pages     = {380 -- 394},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {The present study introduces the first substantial German database with norms for semantic typicality, age of acquisition, and concept familiarity for 824 exemplars of 11 semantic categories, including four natural ( and ) and five man-made (, and ) categories, as well as and Each category exemplar in the database was collected empirically in an exemplar generation study. For each category exemplar, norms for semantic typicality, estimated age of acquisition, and concept familiarity were gathered in three different rating studies. Reliability data and additional analyses on effects of semantic category and intercorrelations between age of acquisition, semantic typicality, concept familiarity, word length, and word frequency are provided. Overall, the data show high inter- and intrastudy reliabilities, providing a new resource tool for designing experiments with German word materials. The full database is available in the supplementary material of this file and also at www.psychonomic.org/archive.},
  language  = {en}
}