@article{FuhrmeisterBuerkiFoschini2022,
  author    = {Fuhrmeister, Pamela and B{\"u}rki-Foschini, Audrey Damaris},
  title     = {Distributional properties of semantic interference in picture naming},
  series = {Psychonomic bulletin \& review : a journal of the Psychonomic Society},
  volume    = {29},
  journal   = {Psychonomic bulletin \& review : a journal of the Psychonomic Society},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {New York},
  issn      = {1069-9384},
  doi       = {10.3758/s13423-021-02016-6},
  pages     = {635 -- 647},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Studies of word production often make use of picture-naming tasks, including the picture-word-interference task. In this task, participants name pictures with superimposed distractor words. They typically need more time to name pictures when the distractor word is semantically related to the picture than when it is unrelated (the semantic interference effect). The present study examines the distributional properties of this effect in a series of Bayesian meta-analyses. Meta-analytic estimates of the semantic interference effect first show that the effect is present throughout the reaction time distribution and that it increases throughout the distribution. Second, we find a correlation between a participant's mean semantic interference effect and the change in the effect in the tail of the reaction time distribution, which has been argued to reflect the involvement of selective inhibition in the naming task. Finally, we show with simulated data that this correlation emerges even when no inhibition is used to generate the data, which suggests that inhibition is not needed to explain this relationship.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FestmanMuente2012,
  author    = {Festman, Julia and Muente, Thomas F.},
  title     = {Cognitive control in Russian-German bilinguals},
  series = {Frontiers in psychology},
  volume    = {3},
  journal   = {Frontiers in psychology},
  publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation},
  address   = {Lausanne},
  issn      = {1664-1078},
  doi       = {10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00115},
  pages     = {7},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {Bilingual speakers are faced with the problem to keep their languages apart, but do so with interindividually varying success. Cognitive control abilities might be an important factor to explain such interindividual differences. Here we compare two late, balanced and highly proficient bilingual groups (mean age 24 years, L1 Russian, L2 German) which were established according to their language control abilities on a bilingual picture-naming task. One group had difficulties to remain in the instructed target language and switched unintentionally to the non-target language ("switchers"), whereas the other group rarely switched unintentionally ("non-switchers"). This group-specific behavior could not be explained by language background, socio-cultural, or demographic variables. Rather, the non-switchers also demonstrated a faster and better performance on four cognitive control tests (Tower of Hanoi, Ruff Figural Fluency Test, Divided Attention, Go/Nogo). Here, we focus on two additional executive function tasks, theWisconsin Card SortingTest (WCST) and the Flanker task requiring conflict monitoring and conflict resolution. Non-switchers outperformed switchers with regard to speed and accuracy, and were better at finding and applying the correct rules in the WCST. Similarly, in the Flanker task non-switchers performed faster and better on conflict trials and had a higher correction rate following an error. Event-related potential recordings furthermore revealed a smaller error-related negativity in the non-switchers, taken as evidence for a more efficient self-monitoring system. We conclude that bilingual language performance, in particular switching behavior, is related to performance on cognitive control tasks. Better cognitive control, including conflict monitoring, results in decreased unintentional switching.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GianelliKuehneLoPrestietal.2020,
  author    = {Gianelli, Claudia and K{\"u}hne, Katharina and Lo Presti, Sara and Mencaraglia, Silvia and Dalla Volta, Riccardo},
  title     = {Action processing in the motor system},
  series = {Brain and cognition : a journal of experimental and clinical research},
  volume    = {139},
  journal   = {Brain and cognition : a journal of experimental and clinical research},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {San Diego},
  issn      = {0278-2626},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.bandc.2019.105510},
  pages     = {10},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {In two experiments, we compared the dynamics of corticospinal excitability when processing visually or linguistically presented tool-oriented hand actions in native speakers and sequential bilinguals. In a third experiment we used the same procedure to test non-motor, low-level stimuli, i.e. scrambled images and pseudo-words. Stimuli were presented in sequence: pictures (tool + tool-oriented hand action or their scrambled counterpart) and words (tool noun + tool-action verb or pseudo-words). Experiment 1 presented German linguistic stimuli to native speakers, while Experiment 2 presented English stimuli to non-natives. Experiment 3 tested Italian native speakers. Single-pulse trascranial magnetic stimulation (spTMS) was applied to the left motor cortex at five different timings: baseline, 200 ms after tool/noun onset, 150, 350 and 500 ms after hand/verb onset with motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) recorded from the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) and abductor digiti minimi (ADM) muscles. We report strong similarities in the dynamics of corticospinal excitability across the visual and linguistic modalities. MEPs' suppression started as early as 150 ms and lasted for the duration of stimulus presentation (500 ms). Moreover, we show that this modulation is absent for stimuli with no motor content. Overall, our study supports the notion of a core, overarching system of action semantics shared by different modalities.},
  language  = {en}
}