@article{FeudelTuckermanGellertetal.2015, author = {Feudel, Fred and Tuckerman, L. S. and Gellert, Marcus and Seehafer, Norbert}, title = {Bifurcations of rotating waves in rotating spherical shell convection}, series = {Physical Review E}, volume = {92}, journal = {Physical Review E}, number = {5}, publisher = {American Physical Society}, address = {Woodbury}, issn = {1539-3755}, doi = {10.1103/PhysRevE.92.053015}, year = {2015}, abstract = {The dynamics and bifurcations of convective waves in rotating and buoyancy-driven spherical Rayleigh-Benard convection are investigated numerically. The solution branches that arise as rotating waves (RWs) are traced by means of path-following methods, by varying the Rayleigh number as a control parameter for different rotation rates. The dependence of the azimuthal drift frequency of the RWs on the Ekman and Rayleigh numbers is determined and discussed. The influence of the rotation rate on the generation and stability of secondary branches is demonstrated. Multistability is typical in the parameter range considered.}, language = {en} } @article{AdaniStegenwallnerSchutzNiesel2017, author = {Adani, Flavia and Stegenwallner-Schutz, Maja Henny Katherine and Niesel, Talea}, title = {The Peaceful Co-existence of Input Frequency and Structural Intervention Effects on the Comprehension of Complex Sentences in German-Speaking Children}, series = {Frontiers in psychology}, volume = {8}, journal = {Frontiers in psychology}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-1078}, doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01590}, pages = {11}, year = {2017}, abstract = {The predictions of two contrasting approaches to the acquisition of transitive relative clauses were tested within the same groups of German-speaking participants aged from 3 to 5 years old. The input frequency approach predicts that object relative clauses with inanimate heads (e.g., the pullover that the man is scratching) are comprehended earlier and more accurately than those with an animate head (e.g., the man that the boy is scratching). In contrast, the structural intervention approach predicts that object relative clauses with two full NP arguments mismatching in number (e.g., the man that the boys are scratching) are comprehended earlier and more accurately than those with number-matching NPs (e.g., the man that the boy is scratching). These approaches were tested in two steps. First, we ran a corpus analysis to ensure that object relative clauses with number-mismatching NPs are not more frequent than object relative clauses with number-matching NPs in child directed speech. Next, the comprehension of these structures was tested experimentally in 3-, 4-, and 5-year-olds respectively by means of a color naming task. By comparing the predictions of the two approaches within the same participant groups, we were able to uncover that the effects predicted by the input frequency and by the structural intervention approaches co-exist and that they both influence the performance of children on transitive relative clauses, but in a manner that is modulated by age. These results reveal a sensitivity to animacy mismatch already being demonstrated by 3-year-olds and show that animacy is initially deployed more reliably than number to interpret relative clauses correctly. In all age groups, the animacy mismatch appears to explain the performance of children, thus, showing that the comprehension of frequent object relative clauses is enhanced compared to the other conditions. Starting with 4-year-olds but especially in 5-year-olds, the number mismatch supported comprehension-a facilitation that is unlikely to be driven by input frequency. Once children fine-tune their sensitivity to verb agreement information around the age of four, they are also able to deploy number marking to overcome the intervention effects. This study highlights the importance of testing experimentally contrasting theoretical approaches in order to characterize the multifaceted, developmental nature of language acquisition.}, language = {en} } @article{AdaniStegenwallnerSchuetzNiesel2017, author = {Adani, Flavia and Stegenwallner-Sch{\"u}tz, Maja Henny Katherine and Niesel, Talea}, title = {The Peaceful Co-existence of Input Frequency and Structural Intervention Effects on the Comprehension of Complex Sentences in German-Speaking Children}, series = {Frontiers in psychology}, volume = {8}, journal = {Frontiers in psychology}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-1078}, doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01590}, pages = {1 -- 11}, year = {2017}, abstract = {The predictions of two contrasting approaches to the acquisition of transitive relative clauses were tested within the same groups of German-speaking participants aged from 3 to 5 years old. The input frequency approach predicts that object relative clauses with inanimate heads (e.g., the pullover that the man is scratching) are comprehended earlier and more accurately than those with an animate head (e.g., the man that the boy is scratching). In contrast, the structural intervention approach predicts that object relative clauses with two full NP arguments mismatching in number (e.g., the man that the boys are scratching) are comprehended earlier and more accurately than those with number-matching NPs (e.g., the man that the boy is scratching). These approaches were tested in two steps. First, we ran a corpus analysis to ensure that object relative clauses with number-mismatching NPs are not more frequent than object relative clauses with number-matching NPs in child directed speech. Next, the comprehension of these structures was tested experimentally in 3-, 4-, and 5-year-olds respectively by means of a color naming task. By comparing the predictions of the two approaches within the same participant groups, we were able to uncover that the effects predicted by the input frequency and by the structural intervention approaches co-exist and that they both influence the performance of children on transitive relative clauses, but in a manner that is modulated by age. These results reveal a sensitivity to animacy mismatch already being demonstrated by 3-year-olds and show that animacy is initially deployed more reliably than number to interpret relative clauses correctly. In all age groups, the animacy mismatch appears to explain the performance of children, thus, showing that the comprehension of frequent object relative clauses is enhanced compared to the other conditions. Starting with 4-year-olds but especially in 5-year-olds, the number mismatch supported comprehension—a facilitation that is unlikely to be driven by input frequency. Once children fine-tune their sensitivity to verb agreement information around the age of four, they are also able to deploy number marking to overcome the intervention effects. This study highlights the importance of testing experimentally contrasting theoretical approaches in order to characterize the multifaceted, developmental nature of language acquisition.}, language = {en} } @misc{AdaniStegenwallnerSchuetzNiesel2017, author = {Adani, Flavia and Stegenwallner-Sch{\"u}tz, Maja Henny Katherine and Niesel, Talea}, title = {The Peaceful Co-existence of Input Frequency and Structural Intervention Effects on the Comprehension of Complex Sentences in German-Speaking Children}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-403672}, pages = {11}, year = {2017}, abstract = {The predictions of two contrasting approaches to the acquisition of transitive relative clauses were tested within the same groups of German-speaking participants aged from 3 to 5 years old. The input frequency approach predicts that object relative clauses with inanimate heads (e.g., the pullover that the man is scratching) are comprehended earlier and more accurately than those with an animate head (e.g., the man that the boy is scratching). In contrast, the structural intervention approach predicts that object relative clauses with two full NP arguments mismatching in number (e.g., the man that the boys are scratching) are comprehended earlier and more accurately than those with number-matching NPs (e.g., the man that the boy is scratching). These approaches were tested in two steps. First, we ran a corpus analysis to ensure that object relative clauses with number-mismatching NPs are not more frequent than object relative clauses with number-matching NPs in child directed speech. Next, the comprehension of these structures was tested experimentally in 3-, 4-, and 5-year-olds respectively by means of a color naming task. By comparing the predictions of the two approaches within the same participant groups, we were able to uncover that the effects predicted by the input frequency and by the structural intervention approaches co-exist and that they both influence the performance of children on transitive relative clauses, but in a manner that is modulated by age. These results reveal a sensitivity to animacy mismatch already being demonstrated by 3-year-olds and show that animacy is initially deployed more reliably than number to interpret relative clauses correctly. In all age groups, the animacy mismatch appears to explain the performance of children, thus, showing that the comprehension of frequent object relative clauses is enhanced compared to the other conditions. Starting with 4-year-olds but especially in 5-year-olds, the number mismatch supported comprehension—a facilitation that is unlikely to be driven by input frequency. Once children fine-tune their sensitivity to verb agreement information around the age of four, they are also able to deploy number marking to overcome the intervention effects. This study highlights the importance of testing experimentally contrasting theoretical approaches in order to characterize the multifaceted, developmental nature of language acquisition.}, language = {en} } @article{HartmannEhlertFritz2019, author = {Hartmann, Julia and Ehlert, Antje and Fritz, Annemarie}, title = {Welche Rolle spielen sprachliche Parameter f{\"u}r die Entwicklung integrierter verbal-numerischer Konzepte im vierten Lebensjahr?}, series = {Fr{\"u}he Bildung : interdisziplin{\"a}re Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Forschung, Ausbildung und Praxis}, volume = {8}, journal = {Fr{\"u}he Bildung : interdisziplin{\"a}re Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Forschung, Ausbildung und Praxis}, number = {1}, publisher = {Hogrefe}, address = {G{\"o}ttingen}, issn = {2191-9186}, doi = {10.1026/2191-9186/a000410}, pages = {44 -- 52}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Der Beitrag untersucht, ob und zu welchen Anteilen fr{\"u}he sprachliche Kompetenzen numerische Kompetenzen vorhersagen. An 72 dreij{\"a}hrigen Kindern wurden numerische, verbal produktive und rezeptive sowie grammatische Leistungen zwei Mal im Abstand von drei Monaten erhoben. Mithilfe von Strukturgleichungsmodellen kann gezeigt werden, dass sprachliche und numerische Leistungen in diesem Alter noch wenig distinkt sind. F{\"u}r die numerischen Kompetenzen findet sich bereits in diesem Alter eine hohe interindividuelle Entwicklungsstabilit{\"a}t. Ein bedeutsamer Einfluss sprachlicher Kompetenz auf den Zuwachs mathematischer Kompetenz im vierten Lebensjahr konnte nicht nachgewiesen werden. Wir diskutieren die Ergebnisse vor dem Hintergrund der aktuellen Thesen zum Zusammenhang von Sprache und Numerik in der Entwicklung.}, language = {de} } @misc{Dahl2023, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Dahl, Dorothee Sophie}, title = {Zahlen in den Fingern}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-60762}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-607629}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {118}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Die Debatte {\"u}ber den Einsatz von digitalen Werkzeugen in der mathematischen Fr{\"u}hf{\"o}rderung ist hoch aktuell. Lernspiele werden konstruiert, mit dem Ziel, mathematisches, informelles Wissen aufzubauen und so einen besseren Schulstart zu erm{\"o}glichen. Doch allein die digitale und spielerische Aufarbeitung f{\"u}hrt nicht zwingend zu einem Lernerfolg. Daher ist es umso wichtiger, die konkrete Implementation der theoretischen Konstrukte und Interaktionsm{\"o}glichkeiten mit den Werkzeugen zu analysieren und passend aufzubereiten. In dieser Masterarbeit wird dazu exemplarisch ein mathematisches Lernspiel namens „Fingu" f{\"u}r den Einsatz im vorschulischen Bereich theoretisch und empirisch im Rahmen der Artifact-Centric Activity Theory (ACAT) untersucht. Dazu werden zun{\"a}chst die theoretischen Hintergr{\"u}nde zum Zahlensinn, Zahlbegriffserwerb, Teil-Ganze-Verst{\"a}ndnis, der Anzahlwahrnehmung und -bestimmung, den Anzahlvergleichen und der Anzahldarstellung mithilfe von Fingern gem{\"a}ß der Embodied Cognition sowie der Verwendung von digitalen Werkzeugen und Multi-Touch-Ger{\"a}ten umfassend beschrieben. Anschließend wird die App Fingu erkl{\"a}rt und dann theoretisch entlang des ACAT-Review-Guides analysiert. Zuletzt wird die selbstst{\"a}ndig durchgef{\"u}hrte Studie mit zehn Vorschulkindern erl{\"a}utert und darauf aufbauend Verbesserungs- und Entwicklungsm{\"o}glichkeiten der App auf wissenschaftlicher Grundlage beigetragen. F{\"u}r Fingu l{\"a}sst sich abschließend festhalten, dass viele Prozesse wie die (Quasi-)Simultanerfassung oder das Z{\"a}hlen gef{\"o}rdert werden k{\"o}nnen, f{\"u}r andere wie das Teil-Ganze-Verst{\"a}ndnis aber noch Anpassungen und/oder die Begleitung durch Erwachsene n{\"o}tig ist.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Adelt2024, author = {Adelt, Anne}, title = {The Relativized Minimality approach to comprehension of German relative clauses in aphasia}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-62331}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-623312}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {xiii, 166}, year = {2024}, abstract = {It is a well-attested finding in head-initial languages that individuals with aphasia (IWA) have greater difficulties in comprehending object-extracted relative clauses (ORCs) as compared to subject-extracted relative clauses (SRCs). Adopting the linguistically based approach of Relativized Minimality (RM; Rizzi, 1990, 2004), the subject-object asymmetry is attributed to the occurrence of a Minimality effect in ORCs due to reduced processing capacities in IWA (Garraffa \& Grillo, 2008; Grillo, 2008, 2009). For ORCs, it is claimed that the embedded subject intervenes in the syntactic dependency between the moved object and its trace, resulting in greater processing demands. In contrast, no such intervener is present in SRCs. Based on the theoretical framework of RM and findings from language acquisition (Belletti et al., 2012; Friedmann et al., 2009), it is assumed that Minimality effects are alleviated when the moved object and the intervening subject differ in terms of relevant syntactic features. For German, the language under investigation, the RM approach predicts that number (i.e., singular vs. plural) and the lexical restriction [+NP] feature (i.e., lexically restricted determiner phrases vs. lexically unrestricted pronouns) are considered relevant in the computation of Minimality. Greater degrees of featural distinctiveness are predicted to result in more facilitated processing of ORCs, because IWA can more easily distinguish between the moved object and the intervener. This cumulative dissertation aims to provide empirical evidence on the validity of the RM approach in accounting for comprehension patterns during relative clause (RC) processing in German-speaking IWA. For that purpose, I conducted two studies including visual-world eye-tracking experiments embedded within an auditory referent-identification task to study the offline and online processing of German RCs. More specifically, target sentences were created to evaluate (a) whether IWA demonstrate a subject-object asymmetry, (b) whether dissimilarity in the number and/or the [+NP] features facilitates ORC processing, and (c) whether sentence processing in IWA benefits from greater degrees of featural distinctiveness. Furthermore, by comparing RCs disambiguated through case marking (at the relative pronoun or the following noun phrase) and number marking (inflection of the sentence-final verb), it was possible to consider the role of the relative position of the disambiguation point. The RM approach predicts that dissimilarity in case should not affect the occurrence of Minimality effects. However, the case cue to sentence interpretation appears earlier within RCs than the number cue, which may result in lower processing costs in case-disambiguated RCs compared to number-disambiguated RCs. In study I, target sentences varied with respect to word order (SRC vs. ORC) and dissimilarity in the [+NP] feature (lexically restricted determiner phrase vs. pronouns as embedded element). Moreover, by comparing the impact of these manipulations in case- and number-disambiguated RCs, the effect of dissimilarity in the number feature was explored. IWA demonstrated a subject-object asymmetry, indicating the occurrence of a Minimality effect in ORCs. However, dissimilarity neither in the number feature nor in the [+NP] feature alone facilitated ORC processing. Instead, only ORCs involving distinct specifications of both the number and the [+NP] features were well comprehended by IWA. In study II, only temporarily ambiguous ORCs disambiguated through case or number marking were investigated, while controlling for varying points of disambiguation. There was a slight processing advantage of case marking as cue to sentence interpretation as compared to number marking. Taken together, these findings suggest that the RM approach can only partially capture empirical data from German IWA. In processing complex syntactic structures, IWA are susceptible to the occurrence of the intervening subject in ORCs. The new findings reported in the thesis show that structural dissimilarity can modulate sentence comprehension in aphasia. Interestingly, IWA can override Minimality effects in ORCs and derive correct sentence meaning if the featural specifications of the constituents are maximally different, because they can more easily distinguish the moved object and the intervening subject given their reduced processing capacities. This dissertation presents new scientific knowledge that highlights how the syntactic theory of RM helps to uncover selective effects of morpho-syntactic features on sentence comprehension in aphasia, emphasizing the close link between assumptions from theoretical syntax and empirical research.}, language = {en} }