@article{MareljaDambowskyBolisetal.2014,
  author    = {Marelja, Zvonimir and Dambowsky, Miriam and Bolis, Marco and Georgiou, Marina L. and Garattini, Enrico and Missirlis, Fanis and Leimk{\"u}hler, Silke},
  title     = {The four aldehyde oxidases of Drosophila melanogaster have different gene expression patterns and enzyme substrate specificities},
  series = {The journal of experimental biology},
  volume    = {217},
  journal   = {The journal of experimental biology},
  number    = {12},
  publisher = {Company of Biologists Limited},
  address   = {Cambridge},
  issn      = {0022-0949},
  doi       = {10.1242/jeb.102129},
  pages     = {2201 -- 2211},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {In the genome of Drosophila melanogaster, four genes coding for aldehyde oxidases (AOX1-4) were identified on chromosome 3. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the AOX gene cluster evolved via independent duplication events in the vertebrate and invertebrate lineages. The functional role and the substrate specificity of the distinct Drosophila AOX enzymes is unknown. Two loss-of-function mutant alleles in this gene region, low pyridoxal oxidase (Po-lpo) and aldehyde oxidase-1 (Aldox-1(n1)) are associated with a phenotype characterized by undetectable AOX enzymatic activity. However, the genes involved and the corresponding mutations have not yet been identified. In this study we characterized the activities, substrate specificities and expression profiles of the four AOX enzymes in D. melanogaster. We show that the Po-lpo-associated phenotype is the consequence of a structural alteration of the AOX1 gene. We identified an 11-bp deletion in the Po-lpo allele, resulting in a frame-shift event, which removes the molybdenum cofactor domain of the encoded enzyme. Furthermore, we show that AOX2 activity is detectable only during metamorphosis and characterize a Minos-AOX2 insertion in this developmental gene that disrupts its activity. We demonstrate that the Aldox-1(n1) phenotype maps to the AOX3 gene and AOX4 activity is not detectable in our assays.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{BlenauThamm2011,
  author    = {Blenau, Wolfgang and Thamm, Markus},
  title     = {Distribution of serotonin (5-HT) and its receptors in the insect brain with focus on the mushroom bodies lessons from Drosophila melanogaster and Apis mellifera},
  series = {Arthropod structure \& development},
  volume    = {40},
  journal   = {Arthropod structure \& development},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {1467-8039},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.asd.2011.01.004},
  pages     = {381 -- 394},
  year      = {2011},
  abstract  = {The biogenic amine serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) plays a key role in regulating and modulating various physiological and behavioral processes in both protostomes and deuterostomes. The specific functions of serotonin are mediated by its binding to and subsequent activation of membrane receptors. The vast majority of these receptors belong to the superfamily of G-protein-coupled receptors. We report here the in vivo expression pattern of a recently characterized 5-HT(1) receptor of the honeybee Apis mellifera (Am5-HT(1A)) in the mushroom bodies. In addition, we summarize current knowledge on the distribution of serotonin and serotonin receptor subtypes in the brain and specifically in the mushroom bodies of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster and the honeybee. Functional studies in these two species have shown that serotonergic signaling participates in various behaviors including aggression, sleep, circadian rhythms, responses to visual stimuli, and associative learning. The molecular, pharmacological, and functional properties of identified 5-HT receptor subtypes from A. mellifera and D. melanogaster will also be summarized in this review.},
  language  = {en}
}