@article{KraheVanwesenbeeck2016, author = {Krah{\´e}, Barbara and Vanwesenbeeck, Ine}, title = {Mapping an agenda for the study of youth sexual aggression in Europe: assessment, principles of good practice, and the multilevel analysis of risk factors}, series = {Journal of sexual aggression}, volume = {22}, journal = {Journal of sexual aggression}, publisher = {Karger}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {1355-2600}, doi = {10.1080/13552600.2015.1066885}, pages = {161 -- 174}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Sexual aggression is a serious threat to young people's sexual health in Europe, but establishing the exact scale of the problem has been hampered by a variety of conceptual and methodological problems. This article presents a framework for studying youth sexual aggression that addresses both prevalence and risk factors of victimisation and perpetration. It proposes a research tool to comprehensively assess the perpetration of, and victimisation by, sexual aggression that captures different coercive strategies, sexual acts, victim-perpetrator relations, and gender constellations. The instrument is rooted in a clear conceptual definition of sexual aggression and was pilot-tested in 10 countries of the European Union (EU). Furthermore, a list of good practice criteria is proposed to promote the quality and comparability of research on youth sexual aggression in Europe. A multilevel approach combining individual-level and country-level predictors of sexual aggression is outlined and illustrated with data from the pilot study in 10 countries.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Wang2016, author = {Wang, Victor-C.}, title = {Injury and illness risk factors for elite athletes in training environment}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-100925}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {viii, 84, ix}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Since 1998, elite athletes' sport injuries have been monitored in single sport event, which leads to the development of first comprehensive injury surveillance system in multi-sport Olympic Games in 2008. However, injury and illness occurred in training phases have not been systematically studied due to its multi-facets, potentially interactive risk related factors. The present thesis aim to address issues of feasibility of establishing a validated measure for injury/illness, training environment and psychosocial risk factors by creating the evaluation tool namely risk of injury questionnaire (Risk-IQ) for elite athletes, which based on IOC consensus statement 2009 recommended content of preparticipation evaluation(PPE) and periodic health exam (PHE). A total of 335 top level athletes and a total of 88 medical care providers from Germany and Taiwan participated in tow "cross-sectional plus longitudinal" Risk-IQ and MCPQ surveys respectively. Four categories of injury/illness related risk factors questions were asked in Risk-IQ for athletes while injury risk and psychological related questions were asked in MCPQ for MCP cohorts. Answers were quantified scales wise/subscales wise before analyzed with other factors/scales. In addition, adapted variables such as sport format were introduced for difference task of analysis. Validated with 2-wyas translation and test-retest reliabilities, the Risk-IQ was proved to be in good standard which were further confirmed by analyzed results from official surveys in both Germany and Taiwan. The result of Risk-IQ revealed that elite athletes' accumulated total injuries, in general, were multi-factor dependent; influencing factors including but not limited to background experiences, medical history, PHE and PPE medical resources as well as stress from life events. Injuries of different body parts were sport format and location specific. Additionally, medical support of PPE and PHE indicated significant difference between German and Taiwan. The result of the present thesis confirmed that it is feasible to construct a comprehensive evalua-tion instrument for heterogeneous elite athletes cohorts' risk factor analysis for injury/illness oc-curred during their non-competition periods. In average and with many moderators involved, Ger-man elite athletes have superior medical care support yet suffered more severe injuries than Tai-wanese counterparts. Opinions of injury related psychological issues reflected differently on vari-ous MCP groups irrespective of different nationalities. In general, influencing factors and interac-tions existed among relevant factors in both studies which implied further investigation with multiple regression analysis is needed for better understanding.}, language = {en} } @misc{BookerJacobRappetal.2016, author = {Booker, Anke and Jacob, Louis E. C. and Rapp, Michael A. and Bohlken, Jens and Kostev, Karel}, title = {Risk factors for dementia diagnosis in German primary care practices}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {449}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-413441}, pages = {7}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Background: Dementia is a psychiatric condition the development of which is associated with numerous aspects of life. Our aim was to estimate dementia risk factors in German primary care patients. Methods: The case-control study included primary care patients (70-90 years) with first diagnosis of dementia (all-cause) during the index period (01/2010-12/2014) (Disease Analyzer, Germany), and controls without dementia matched (1:1) to cases on the basis of age, sex, type of health insurance, and physician. Practice visit records were used to verify that there had been 10 years of continuous follow-up prior to the index date. Multivariate logistic regression models were fitted with dementia as a dependent variable and the potential predictors. Results: The mean age for the 11,956 cases and the 11,956 controls was 80.4 (SD: 5.3) years. 39.0\% of them were male and 1.9\% had private health insurance. In the multivariate regression model, the following variables were linked to a significant extent with an increased risk of dementia: diabetes (OR: 1.17; 95\% CI: 1.10-1.24), lipid metabolism (1.07; 1.00-1.14), stroke incl. TIA (1.68; 1.57-1.80), Parkinson's disease (PD) (1.89; 1.64-2.19), intracranial injury (1.30; 1.00-1.70), coronary heart disease (1.06; 1.00-1.13), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (2.12; 1.82-2.48), mental and behavioral disorders due to alcohol use (1.96; 1.50-2.57). The use of statins (OR: 0.94; 0.90-0.99), proton-pump inhibitors (PPI) (0.93; 0.90-0.97), and antihypertensive drugs (0.96, 0.94-0.99) were associated with a decreased risk of developing dementia. Conclusions: Risk factors for dementia found in this study are consistent with the literature. Nevertheless, the associations between statin, PPI and antihypertensive drug use, and decreased risk of dementia need further investigations.}, language = {en} } @misc{KonradBohlkenRappetal.2016, author = {Konrad, Marcel and Bohlken, Jens and Rapp, Michael A. and Kostev, Karel}, title = {Depression risk in patients with heart failure in primary care practices in Germany}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {458}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-414159}, pages = {6}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Background: The goal of this study was to estimate the prevalence of and risk factors for diagnosed depression in heart failure (HF) patients in German primary care practices. Methods: This study was a retrospective database analysis in Germany utilizing the Disease Analyzer (R) Database (IMS Health, Germany). The study population included 132,994 patients between 40 and 90 years of age from 1,072 primary care practices. The observation period was between 2004 and 2013. Follow-up lasted up to five years and ended in April 2015. A total of 66,497 HF patients were selected after applying exclusion criteria. The same number of 66,497 controls were chosen and were matched (1:1) to HF patients on the basis of age, sex, health insurance, depression diagnosis in the past, and follow-up duration after index date. Results: HF was a strong risk factor for diagnosed depression (p < 0.0001). A total of 10.5\% of HF patients and 6.3\% of matched controls developed depression after one year of follow-up (p < 0.001). Depression was documented in 28.9\% of the HF group and 18.2\% of the control group after the five-year follow-up (p < 0.001). Cancer, dementia, osteoporosis, stroke, and osteoarthritis were associated with a higher risk of developing depression. Male gender and private health insurance were associated with lower risk of depression. Conclusions: The risk of diagnosed depression is significantly increased in patients with HF compared to patients without HF in primary care practices in Germany.}, language = {en} } @article{BookerJacobRappetal.2016, author = {Booker, Anke and Jacob, Louis E. C. and Rapp, Michael A. and Bohlken, Jens and Kostev, Karel}, title = {Risk factors for dementia diagnosis in German primary care practices}, series = {International psychogeriatrics}, volume = {28}, journal = {International psychogeriatrics}, publisher = {Cambridge Univ. Press}, address = {New York}, issn = {1041-6102}, doi = {10.1017/S1041610215002082}, pages = {1059 -- 1065}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Background: Dementia is a psychiatric condition the development of which is associated with numerous aspects of life. Our aim was to estimate dementia risk factors in German primary care patients. Methods: The case-control study included primary care patients (70-90 years) with first diagnosis of dementia (all-cause) during the index period (01/2010-12/2014) (Disease Analyzer, Germany), and controls without dementia matched (1:1) to cases on the basis of age, sex, type of health insurance, and physician. Practice visit records were used to verify that there had been 10 years of continuous follow-up prior to the index date. Multivariate logistic regression models were fitted with dementia as a dependent variable and the potential predictors. Conclusions: Risk factors for dementia found in this study are consistent with the literature. Nevertheless, the associations between statin, PPI and antihypertensive drug use, and decreased risk of dementia need further investigations.}, language = {en} } @article{KonradBohlkenRappetal.2016, author = {Konrad, Marcel and Bohlken, Jens and Rapp, Michael A. and Kostev, Karel}, title = {Depression risk in patients with heart failure in primary care practices in Germany}, series = {International psychogeriatrics}, volume = {28}, journal = {International psychogeriatrics}, publisher = {Cambridge Univ. Press}, address = {New York}, issn = {1041-6102}, doi = {10.1017/S1041610216000867}, pages = {1889 -- 1894}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Background: The goal of this study was to estimate the prevalence of and risk factors for diagnosed depression in heart failure (HF) patients in German primary care practices. Methods: This study was a retrospective database analysis in Germany utilizing the Disease Analyzer (R) Database (IMS Health, Germany). The study population included 132,994 patients between 40 and 90 years of age from 1,072 primary care practices. The observation period was between 2004 and 2013. Follow-up lasted up to five years and ended in April 2015. A total of 66,497 HF patients were selected after applying exclusion criteria. The same number of 66,497 controls were chosen and were matched (1:1) to HF patients on the basis of age, sex, health insurance, depression diagnosis in the past, and follow-up duration after index date. Results: HF was a strong risk factor for diagnosed depression (p < 0.0001). A total of 10.5\% of HF patients and 6.3\% of matched controls developed depression after one year of follow-up (p < 0.001). Depression was documented in 28.9\% of the HF group and 18.2\% of the control group after the five-year follow-up (p < 0.001). Cancer, dementia, osteoporosis, stroke, and osteoarthritis were associated with a higher risk of developing depression. Male gender and private health insurance were associated with lower risk of depression. Conclusions: The risk of diagnosed depression is significantly increased in patients with HF compared to patients without HF in primary care practices in Germany.}, language = {en} } @article{HohmLauchtZohseletal.2017, author = {Hohm, Erika and Laucht, Manfred and Zohsel, Katrin and Schmidt, Martin H. and Esser, G{\"u}nter and Brandeis, Daniel and Banaschewski, Tobias}, title = {Resilienz und Ressourcen im Verlauf der Entwicklung}, series = {Kindheit und Entwicklung}, volume = {26}, journal = {Kindheit und Entwicklung}, publisher = {Hogrefe}, address = {G{\"o}ttingen}, issn = {0942-5403}, doi = {10.1026/0942-5403/a000236}, pages = {230 -- 239}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Anhand von Daten der Mannheimer Risikokinderstudie, die sich mit der langfristigen Entwicklung von Kindern mit unterschiedlichen Risikobelastungen besch{\"a}ftigt, wird gezeigt, wie Schutzfaktoren aufseiten des Kindes und seines famili{\"a}ren Umfelds im Verlauf der Entwicklung wirksam werden und zur Entstehung von Resilienz beitragen k{\"o}nnen. Eine besondere Rolle kommt dabei positiven fr{\"u}hen Eltern-Kind-Beziehungen zu (sowohl Mutter- als auch Vater-Kind-Interaktionen). Daneben spielen auch Interaktionserfahrungen im Alter von zwei Jahren des Kindes eine bedeutsame Rolle; diese sch{\"u}tzen Risikokinder davor, eine ung{\"u}nstige Entwicklung zu nehmen und tragen dazu bei, dass sich Kinder, die in psychosozialen Hochrisikofamilien aufwachsen, trotz ung{\"u}nstiger „Startbedingungen" positiv entwickeln. Neben Merkmalen der sozialen Umwelt nehmen auch sprachliche, sozial-emotionale und internale Kompetenzen des Kindes im Entwicklungsverlauf eine wichtige Rolle ein. Diese Kompetenzen erm{\"o}glichen es Risikokindern auch unter widrigen Lebensumst{\"a}nden (psychosoziale Hochrisikofamilien, Aufwachsen in Armutsverh{\"a}ltnissen) erfolgreich zu bestehen. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus zeigt die Arbeit, dass Resilienz ein Pers{\"o}nlichkeitsmerkmal ist, das ab dem fr{\"u}hen Erwachsenenalter eine hohe Stabilit{\"a}t besitzt. Mit diesen Befunden verweist die Arbeit auf die große Bedeutung der Resilienz bei der Vorhersage der langfristigen Entwicklung von Risikokindern.}, language = {de} } @misc{HohmLauchtZohseletal.2017, author = {Hohm, Erika and Laucht, Manfred and Zohsel, Katrin and Schmidt, Martin H. and Esser, G{\"u}nter and Brandeis, Daniel and Banaschewski, Tobias}, title = {Resilienz und Ressourcen im Verlauf der Entwicklung}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {608}, issn = {1866-8364}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-43307}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-433072}, pages = {230 -- 239}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Anhand von Daten der Mannheimer Risikokinderstudie, die sich mit der langfristigen Entwicklung von Kindern mit unterschiedlichen Risikobelastungen besch{\"a}ftigt, wird gezeigt, wie Schutzfaktoren aufseiten des Kindes und seines famili{\"a}ren Umfelds im Verlauf der Entwicklung wirksam werden und zur Entstehung von Resilienz beitragen k{\"o}nnen. Eine besondere Rolle kommt dabei positiven fr{\"u}hen Eltern-Kind-Beziehungen zu (sowohl Mutter- als auch Vater-Kind-Interaktionen). Daneben spielen auch Interaktionserfahrungen im Alter von zwei Jahren des Kindes eine bedeutsame Rolle; diese sch{\"u}tzen Risikokinder davor, eine ung{\"u}nstige Entwicklung zu nehmen und tragen dazu bei, dass sich Kinder, die in psychosozialen Hochrisikofamilien aufwachsen, trotz ung{\"u}nstiger „Startbedingungen" positiv entwickeln. Neben Merkmalen der sozialen Umwelt nehmen auch sprachliche, sozial-emotionale und internale Kompetenzen des Kindes im Entwicklungsverlauf eine wichtige Rolle ein. Diese Kompetenzen erm{\"o}glichen es Risikokindern auch unter widrigen Lebensumst{\"a}nden (psychosoziale Hochrisikofamilien, Aufwachsen in Armutsverh{\"a}ltnissen) erfolgreich zu bestehen. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus zeigt die Arbeit, dass Resilienz ein Pers{\"o}nlichkeitsmerkmal ist, das ab dem fr{\"u}hen Erwachsenenalter eine hohe Stabilit{\"a}t besitzt. Mit diesen Befunden verweist die Arbeit auf die große Bedeutung der Resilienz bei der Vorhersage der langfristigen Entwicklung von Risikokindern.}, language = {de} } @misc{BohlkenJacobSchaumetal.2017, author = {Bohlken, Jens and Jacob, Louis and Schaum, Peter and Rapp, Michael A. and Kostev, Karel}, title = {Hip fracture risk in patients with dementia in German primary care practices}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {395}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-404526}, pages = {12}, year = {2017}, abstract = {The aim was to analyze the risk of hip fracture in German primary care patients with dementia. This study included patients aged 65-90 from 1072 primary care practices who were first diagnosed with dementia between 2010 and 2013. Controls were matched (1:1) to cases for age, sex, and type of health insurance. The primary outcome was the diagnosis of hip fracture during the three-year follow-up period. A total of 53,156 dementia patients and 53,156 controls were included. A total of 5.3\% of patients and 0.7\% of controls displayed hip fracture after three years. Hip fracture occurred more frequently in dementia subjects living in nursing homes than in those living at home (9.2\% versus 4.3\%). Dementia, residence in nursing homes, and osteoporosis were risk factors for fracture development. Antidementia, antipsychotic, and antidepressant drugs generally had no significant impact on hip fracture risk when prescribed for less than six months. Dementia increased hip fracture risk in German primary care practices.}, language = {en} } @article{JacobRappKostev2017, author = {Jacob, Louis and Rapp, Michael A. and Kostev, Karel}, title = {Long-term use of benzodiazepines in older patients in Germany}, series = {Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology}, volume = {7}, journal = {Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology}, number = {6/7}, publisher = {Sage Publ.}, address = {London}, issn = {2045-1253}, doi = {10.1177/2045125317696454}, pages = {191 -- 200}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Background: The purpose of this study was to analyze the prevalence of long-term benzodiazepine use in older adults treated in general and neuropsychiatric practices in Germany. Methods: This study included 32,182 patients over the age of 65 years who received benzodiazepine prescriptions for the first time between January 2010 and December 2014 in general and neuropsychiatric practices in Germany. Follow up lasted until July 2016. The main outcome measure was the proportion of patients treated with benzodiazepines for >6 months. Results: The proportion of patients with benzodiazepine therapy for >6 months increased with age (65-70 years: 12.3\%; 71-80 years: 15.5\%; 81-90 years: 23.7\%; >90 years: 31.6\%) but did not differ significantly between men (15.5\%) and women (17.1\%). The proportion of patients who received benzodiazepines for >6 months was higher among those with sleep disorders (21.1\%), depression (20.8\%) and dementia (32.1\%) than among those with anxiety (15.5\%). By contrast, this proportion was lower among people diagnosed with adjustment disorders (7.7\%) and back pain (3.8\%). Conclusion: Overall, long-term use of benzodiazepines is common in older people, particularly in patients over the age of 80 and in those diagnosed with dementia, sleep disorders, or depression.}, language = {en} }