@article{SimonovaIvanovMeleshkoetal.2020, author = {Simonova, Maria and Ivanov, Ivan and Meleshko, Tamara and Kopyshev, Alexey and Santer, Svetlana and Yakimansky, Alexander and Filippov, Alexander}, title = {Self-assembly of molecular brushes with polyimide backbone and amphiphilic block copolymer side chains in selective solvents}, series = {Polymers}, volume = {12}, journal = {Polymers}, number = {12}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2073-4360}, doi = {10.3390/polym12122922}, pages = {15}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Three-component molecular brushes with a polyimide backbone and amphiphilic block copolymer side chains with different contents of the "inner" hydrophilic (poly(methacrylic acid)) and "outer" hydrophobic (poly(methyl methacrylate)) blocks were synthesized and characterized by molecular hydrodynamics and optics methods in solutions of chloroform, dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran and ethanol. The peculiarity of the studied polymers is the amphiphilic structure of the grafted chains. The molar masses of the molecular brushes were determined by static and dynamic light scattering in chloroform in which polymers form molecularly disperse solutions. Spontaneous self-assembly of macromolecules was detected in dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran and ethanol. The aggregates size depended on the thermodynamic quality of the solvent as well as on the macromolecular architectural parameters. In dimethylformamide and tetrahydrofuran, the distribution of hydrodynamic radii of aggregates was bimodal, while in ethanol, it was unimodal. Moreover, in ethanol, an increase in the poly(methyl methacrylate) content caused a decrease in the hydrodynamic radius of aggregates. A significant difference in the nature of the blocks included in the brushes determines the selectivity of the used solvents, since their thermodynamic quality with respect to the blocks is different. The macromolecules of the studied graft copolymers tend to self-organization in selective solvents with formation of a core-shell structure with an insoluble solvophobic core surrounded by the solvophilic shell of side chains.}, language = {en} } @misc{DurgudGuptaIvanovetal.2018, author = {Durgud, Meriem and Gupta, Saurabh and Ivanov, Ivan and Omidbakhshfard, Mohammad Amin and Benina, Maria and Alseekh, Saleh and Staykov, Nikola and Hauenstein, Mareike and Dijkwel, Paul P. and Hortensteiner, Stefan and Toneva, Valentina and Brotman, Yariv and Fernie, Alisdair R. and M{\"u}ller-R{\"o}ber, Bernd and Gechev, Tsanko S.}, title = {Molecular mechanisms preventing senescence in response to prolonged darkness in a desiccation-tolerant plant}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {778}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-43758}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-437588}, pages = {1319 -- 1338}, year = {2018}, abstract = {The desiccation-tolerant plant Haberlea rhodopensis can withstand months of darkness without any visible senescence. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanisms of this adaptation to prolonged (30 d) darkness and subsequent return to light. H. rhodopensis plants remained green and viable throughout the dark treatment. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that darkness regulated several transcription factor (TF) genes. Stress-and autophagy-related TFs such as ERF8, HSFA2b, RD26, TGA1, and WRKY33 were up-regulated, while chloroplast-and flowering-related TFs such as ATH1, COL2, COL4, RL1, and PTAC7 were repressed. PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR4, a negative regulator of photomorphogenesis and promoter of senescence, also was down-regulated. In response to darkness, most of the photosynthesis-and photorespiratory-related genes were strongly down-regulated, while genes related to autophagy were up-regulated. This occurred concomitant with the induction of SUCROSE NON-FERMENTING1-RELATED PROTEIN KINASES (SnRK1) signaling pathway genes, which regulate responses to stress-induced starvation and autophagy. Most of the genes associated with chlorophyll catabolism, which are induced by darkness in dark-senescing species, were either unregulated (PHEOPHORBIDE A OXYGENASE, PAO; RED CHLOROPHYLL CATABOLITE REDUCTASE, RCCR) or repressed (STAY GREEN-LIKE, PHEOPHYTINASE, and NON-YELLOW COLORING1). Metabolite profiling revealed increases in the levels of many amino acids in darkness, suggesting increased protein degradation. In darkness, levels of the chloroplastic lipids digalactosyldiacylglycerol, monogalactosyldiacylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, and sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol decreased, while those of storage triacylglycerols increased, suggesting degradation of chloroplast membrane lipids and their conversion to triacylglycerols for use as energy and carbon sources. Collectively, these data show a coordinated response to darkness, including repression of photosynthetic, photorespiratory, flowering, and chlorophyll catabolic genes, induction of autophagy and SnRK1 pathways, and metabolic reconfigurations that enable survival under prolonged darkness.}, language = {en} } @article{DurgudGuptaIvanovetal.2018, author = {Durgud, Meriem and Gupta, Saurabh and Ivanov, Ivan and Omidbakhshfard, Mohammad Amin and Benina, Maria and Alseekh, Saleh and Staykov, Nikola and Hauenstein, Mareike and Dijkwel, Paul P. and Hortensteiner, Stefan and Toneva, Valentina and Brotman, Yariv and Fernie, Alisdair R. and M{\"u}ller-R{\"o}ber, Bernd and Gechev, Tsanko S.}, title = {Molecular Mechanisms Preventing Senescence in Response to Prolonged Darkness in a Desiccation-Tolerant Plant}, series = {Plant physiology : an international journal devoted to physiology, biochemistry, cellular and molecular biology, biophysics and environmental biology of plants}, volume = {177}, journal = {Plant physiology : an international journal devoted to physiology, biochemistry, cellular and molecular biology, biophysics and environmental biology of plants}, number = {3}, publisher = {American Society of Plant Physiologists}, address = {Rockville}, issn = {0032-0889}, doi = {10.1104/pp.18.00055}, pages = {1319 -- 1338}, year = {2018}, abstract = {The desiccation-tolerant plant Haberlea rhodopensis can withstand months of darkness without any visible senescence. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanisms of this adaptation to prolonged (30 d) darkness and subsequent return to light. H. rhodopensis plants remained green and viable throughout the dark treatment. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that darkness regulated several transcription factor (TF) genes. Stress-and autophagy-related TFs such as ERF8, HSFA2b, RD26, TGA1, and WRKY33 were up-regulated, while chloroplast-and flowering-related TFs such as ATH1, COL2, COL4, RL1, and PTAC7 were repressed. PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR4, a negative regulator of photomorphogenesis and promoter of senescence, also was down-regulated. In response to darkness, most of the photosynthesis-and photorespiratory-related genes were strongly down-regulated, while genes related to autophagy were up-regulated. This occurred concomitant with the induction of SUCROSE NON-FERMENTING1-RELATED PROTEIN KINASES (SnRK1) signaling pathway genes, which regulate responses to stress-induced starvation and autophagy. Most of the genes associated with chlorophyll catabolism, which are induced by darkness in dark-senescing species, were either unregulated (PHEOPHORBIDE A OXYGENASE, PAO; RED CHLOROPHYLL CATABOLITE REDUCTASE, RCCR) or repressed (STAY GREEN-LIKE, PHEOPHYTINASE, and NON-YELLOW COLORING1). Metabolite profiling revealed increases in the levels of many amino acids in darkness, suggesting increased protein degradation. In darkness, levels of the chloroplastic lipids digalactosyldiacylglycerol, monogalactosyldiacylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, and sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol decreased, while those of storage triacylglycerols increased, suggesting degradation of chloroplast membrane lipids and their conversion to triacylglycerols for use as energy and carbon sources. Collectively, these data show a coordinated response to darkness, including repression of photosynthetic, photorespiratory, flowering, and chlorophyll catabolic genes, induction of autophagy and SnRK1 pathways, and metabolic reconfigurations that enable survival under prolonged darkness.}, language = {en} } @article{IvanovBeninaPetrovetal.2014, author = {Ivanov, Ivan and Benina, Maria and Petrov, Veselin and Gechev, Tsanko S. and Toneva, Valentina}, title = {Metabolic responses of gloxinia perennis to dehydration and rehydration}, series = {COMPTES RENDUS DE L ACADEMIE BULGARE DES SCIENCES}, volume = {67}, journal = {COMPTES RENDUS DE L ACADEMIE BULGARE DES SCIENCES}, number = {12}, publisher = {Publ. House of the Bulgarian Acad. of Sciences}, address = {Sofia}, issn = {1310-1331}, pages = {1657 -- 1662}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Gloxinia perennis is a species from the family Gesneriaceae with little known physiology, particularly in respect to responses to dehydration. G. perennis survived water deprivation for a month and then quickly recovered upon rehydration. The slow loss of water was in contrast with the quick dehydration of other Gesnerian species - Boea hygrometrica, Ramonda serbica, and Haber lea rhodopensis. Furthermore, a significant difference between older and younger leaves of G. perennis was observed. While the relative water content in the early stages of water deprivation was reduced to 65\% in the old leaves, it was not or slightly reduced in the young ones, implying a mechanism that protects specifically the younger leaves from dehydration. Water deprivation induced accumulation of gama-aminobutyric acid and sugars like sucrose and raffinose, but decreased the levels of amino acids such as glycine, leucine, and isoleucine. The levels of these amino acids recovered after rehydration and in some cases like glycine and isoleucine were even higher in rehydrated leaves compared with unstressed controls. We conclude that G.perennis can survive prolonged drought stress but its responses to dehydration are different from the resurrection species from Gesneriaceae. All this makes G. perennis a good model that can be used for comparative genomics and metabolomics of Gesneriads exposed to desiccation.}, language = {en} } @article{BeninaObataMehterovetal.2013, author = {Benina, Maria and Obata, Toshihiro and Mehterov, Nikolay and Ivanov, Ivan and Petrov, Veselin and Toneva, Valentina and Fernie, Alisdair R. and Gechev, Tsanko S.}, title = {Comparative metabolic profiling of Haberlea rhodopensis, Thellungiella halophyla, and Arabidopsis thaliana exposed to low temperature}, series = {Frontiers in plant science}, volume = {4}, journal = {Frontiers in plant science}, number = {1}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-462X}, doi = {10.3389/fpls.2013.00499}, pages = {11}, year = {2013}, abstract = {Haberlea rhodopensis is a resurrection species with extreme resistance to drought stress and desiccation but also with ability to withstand low temperatures and freezing stress. In order to identify biochemical strategies which contribute to Haberlea's remarkable stress tolerance, the metabolic reconfiguration of H. rhodopensis during low temperature (4 degrees C) and subsequent return to optimal temperatures (21 degrees C) was investigated and compared with that of the stress tolerant Thellungiella halophyla and the stress sensitive Arabidopsis thaliana. Metabolic analysis by GC-MS revealed intrinsic differences in the metabolite levels of the three species even at 21 degrees C. H. rhodopensis had significantly more raffinose, melibiose, trehalose, rhamnose, myo-inositol, sorbitol, galactinol, erythronate, threonate, 2-oxoglutarate, citrate, and glycerol than the other two species. A. thaliana had the highest levels of putrescine and fumarate, while T halophila had much higher levels of several amino acids, including alanine, asparagine, beta-alanine, histidine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, serine, threonine, and valine. In addition, the three species responded differently to the low temperature treatment and the subsequent recovery, especially with regard to the sugar metabolism. Chilling induced accumulation of maltose in H. rhodopensis and raffinose in A. thaliana but the raffinose levels in low temperature exposed Arabidopsis were still much lower than these in unstressed Haberlea. While all species accumulated sucrose during chilling, that accumulation was transient in H. rhodopensis and A. thaliana but sustained in T halophila after the return to optimal temperature. Thus, Haberlea's metabolome appeared primed for chilling stress but the low temperature acclimation induced additional stress-protective mechanisms. A diverse array of sugars, organic acids, and polyols constitute Haberlea's main metabolic defence mechanisms against chilling, while accumulation of amino acids and amino acid derivatives contribute to the low temperature acclimation in Arabidopsis and Thellungiella. Collectively, these results show inherent differences in the metabolomes under the ambient temperature and the strategies to respond to low temperature in the three species.}, language = {en} }