@phdthesis{Hesse2022,
  author    = {Hesse, G{\"u}nter},
  title     = {A benchmark for enterprise stream processing architectures},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-56600},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-566000},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {ix, 148},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Data stream processing systems (DSPSs) are a key enabler to integrate continuously generated data, such as sensor measurements, into enterprise applications. DSPSs allow to steadily analyze information from data streams, e.g., to monitor manufacturing processes and enable fast reactions to anomalous behavior. Moreover, DSPSs continuously filter, sample, and aggregate incoming streams of data, which reduces the data size, and thus data storage costs. The growing volumes of generated data have increased the demand for high-performance DSPSs, leading to a higher interest in these systems and to the development of new DSPSs. While having more DSPSs is favorable for users as it allows choosing the system that satisfies their requirements the most, it also introduces the challenge of identifying the most suitable DSPS regarding current needs as well as future demands. Having a solution to this challenge is important because replacements of DSPSs require the costly re-writing of applications if no abstraction layer is used for application development. However, quantifying performance differences between DSPSs is a difficult task. Existing benchmarks fail to integrate all core functionalities of DSPSs and lack tool support, which hinders objective result comparisons. Moreover, no current benchmark covers the combination of streaming data with existing structured business data, which is particularly relevant for companies. This thesis proposes a performance benchmark for enterprise stream processing called ESPBench. With enterprise stream processing, we refer to the combination of streaming and structured business data. Our benchmark design represents real-world scenarios and allows for an objective result comparison as well as scaling of data. The defined benchmark query set covers all core functionalities of DSPSs. The benchmark toolkit automates the entire benchmark process and provides important features, such as query result validation and a configurable data ingestion rate. To validate ESPBench and to ease the use of the benchmark, we propose an example implementation of the ESPBench queries leveraging the Apache Beam software development kit (SDK). The Apache Beam SDK is an abstraction layer designed for developing stream processing applications that is applied in academia as well as enterprise contexts. It allows to run the defined applications on any of the supported DSPSs. The performance impact of Apache Beam is studied in this dissertation as well. The results show that there is a significant influence that differs among DSPSs and stream processing applications. For validating ESPBench, we use the example implementation of the ESPBench queries developed using the Apache Beam SDK. We benchmark the implemented queries executed on three modern DSPSs: Apache Flink, Apache Spark Streaming, and Hazelcast Jet. The results of the study prove the functioning of ESPBench and its toolkit. ESPBench is capable of quantifying performance characteristics of DSPSs and of unveiling differences among systems. The benchmark proposed in this thesis covers all requirements to be applied in enterprise stream processing settings, and thus represents an improvement over the current state-of-the-art.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MugelePlummerBaritelloetal.2018,
  author    = {Mugele, Hendrik and Plummer, Ashley and Baritello, Omar and Towe, Maggie and Brecht, Pia and Mayer, Frank},
  title     = {Accuracy of training recommendations based on a treadmill multistage incremental exercise test},
  series = {PLOS ONE},
  volume    = {13},
  journal   = {PLOS ONE},
  number    = {10},
  publisher = {PLOS},
  address   = {San Francisco},
  issn      = {1932-6203},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.pone.0204696},
  pages     = {1 -- 12},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Competitive runners will occasionally undergo exercise in a laboratory setting to obtain predictive and prescriptive information regarding their performance. The present research aimed to assess whether the physiological demands of lab-based treadmill running (TM) can simulate that of over-ground (OG) running using a commonly used protocol. Fifteen healthy volunteers with a weekly mileage of ≥ 20 km over the past 6 months and treadmill experience participated in this cross-sectional study. Two stepwise incremental tests until volitional exhaustion was performed in a fixed order within one week in an Outpatient Clinic research laboratory and outdoor athletic track. Running velocity (IATspeed), heart rate (IATHR) and lactate concentration at the individual anaerobic threshold (IATbLa) were primary endpoints. Additionally, distance covered (DIST), maximal heart rate (HRmax), maximal blood lactate concentration (bLamax) and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) at IATspeed were analyzed. IATspeed, DIST and HRmax were not statistically significantly different between conditions, whereas bLamax and RPE at IATspeed showed statistical significance (p < 0.05). Apart from RPE at IATspeed, IATspeed, DIST, HRmax and bLamax strongly correlate between conditions (r = 0.815-0.988). High reliability between conditions provides strong evidence to suggest that running on a treadmill are physiologically comparable to that of OG and that training recommendations and be made with assurance.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{MugelePlummerBaritelloetal.2018,
  author    = {Mugele, Hendrik and Plummer, Ashley and Baritello, Omar and Towe, Maggie and Brecht, Pia and Mayer, Frank},
  title     = {Accuracy of training recommendations based on a treadmill multistage incremental exercise test},
  series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  journal   = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  number    = {477},
  issn      = {1866-8364},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-419697},
  pages     = {12},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Competitive runners will occasionally undergo exercise in a laboratory setting to obtain predictive and prescriptive information regarding their performance. The present research aimed to assess whether the physiological demands of lab-based treadmill running (TM) can simulate that of over-ground (OG) running using a commonly used protocol. Fifteen healthy volunteers with a weekly mileage of ≥ 20 km over the past 6 months and treadmill experience participated in this cross-sectional study. Two stepwise incremental tests until volitional exhaustion was performed in a fixed order within one week in an Outpatient Clinic research laboratory and outdoor athletic track. Running velocity (IATspeed), heart rate (IATHR) and lactate concentration at the individual anaerobic threshold (IATbLa) were primary endpoints. Additionally, distance covered (DIST), maximal heart rate (HRmax), maximal blood lactate concentration (bLamax) and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) at IATspeed were analyzed. IATspeed, DIST and HRmax were not statistically significantly different between conditions, whereas bLamax and RPE at IATspeed showed statistical significance (p < 0.05). Apart from RPE at IATspeed, IATspeed, DIST, HRmax and bLamax strongly correlate between conditions (r = 0.815-0.988). High reliability between conditions provides strong evidence to suggest that running on a treadmill are physiologically comparable to that of OG and that training recommendations and be made with assurance.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WerfelliHammamiSelmietal.2021,
  author    = {Werfelli, Hanen and Hammami, Raouf and Selmi, Mohamed Amine and Selmi, Walid and Gabrilo, Goran and Clark, Cain C. T. and Duncan, Michael and Sekulic, Damir and Granacher, Urs and Rebai, Haithem},
  title     = {Acute Effects of Different Plyometric and Strength Exercises on Balance Performance in Youth Weightlifters},
  series = {Frontiers in Physiology},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Physiology},
  publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation},
  address   = {Lausanne},
  issn      = {1664-042X},
  doi       = {10.3389/fphys.2021.716981},
  pages     = {9},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Background: High-intensity muscle actions have the potential to temporarily improve the performance which has been denoted as postactivation performance enhancement. Objectives: This study determined the acute effects of different stretch-shortening (fast vs. low) and strength (dynamic vs. isometric) exercises executed during one training session on subsequent balance performance in youth weightlifters. Materials and Methods: Sixteen male and female young weightlifters, aged 11.3±0.6years, performed four strength exercise conditions in randomized order, including dynamic strength (DYN; 3 sets of 3 repetitions of 10 RM) and isometric strength exercises (ISOM; 3 sets of maintaining 3s of 10 RM of back-squat), as well as fast (FSSC; 3 sets of 3 repetitions of 20-cm drop-jumps) and slow (SSSC; 3 sets of 3 hurdle jumps over a 20-cm obstacle) stretch-shortening cycle protocols. Balance performance was tested before and after each of the four exercise conditions in bipedal stance on an unstable surface (i.e., BOSU ball with flat side facing up) using two dependent variables, i.e., center of pressure surface area (CoP SA) and velocity (CoP V). Results: There was a significant effect of time on CoP SA and CoP V [F(1,60)=54.37, d=1.88, p<0.0001; F(1,60)=9.07, d=0.77, p=0.003]. In addition, a statistically significant effect of condition on CoP SA and CoP V [F(3,60)=11.81, d=1.53, p<0.0001; F(3,60)=7.36, d=1.21, p=0.0003] was observed. Statistically significant condition-by-time interactions were found for the balance parameters CoP SA (p<0.003, d=0.54) and CoP V (p<0.002, d=0.70). Specific to contrast analysis, all specified hypotheses were tested and demonstrated that FSSC yielded significantly greater improvements than all other conditions in CoP SA and CoP V [p<0.0001 (d=1.55); p=0.0004 (d=1.19), respectively]. In addition, FSSC yielded significantly greater improvements compared with the two conditions for both balance parameters [p<0.0001 (d=2.03); p<0.0001 (d=1.45)]. Conclusion: Fast stretch-shortening cycle exercises appear to be more effective to improve short-term balance performance in young weightlifters. Due to the importance of balance for overall competitive achievement in weightlifting, it is recommended that young weightlifters implement dynamic plyometric exercises in the fast stretch-shortening cycle during the warm-up to improve their balance performance.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{WerfelliHammamiSelmietal.2021,
  author    = {Werfelli, Hanen and Hammami, Raouf and Selmi, Mohamed Amine and Selmi, Walid and Gabrilo, Goran and Clark, Cain C. T. and Duncan, Michael and Sekulic, Damir and Granacher, Urs and Rebai, Haithem},
  title     = {Acute Effects of Different Plyometric and Strength Exercises on Balance Performance in Youth Weightlifters},
  series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  journal   = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  issn      = {1866-8364},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-54310},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-543109},
  pages     = {11},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Background: High-intensity muscle actions have the potential to temporarily improve the performance which has been denoted as postactivation performance enhancement. Objectives: This study determined the acute effects of different stretch-shortening (fast vs. low) and strength (dynamic vs. isometric) exercises executed during one training session on subsequent balance performance in youth weightlifters. Materials and Methods: Sixteen male and female young weightlifters, aged 11.3±0.6years, performed four strength exercise conditions in randomized order, including dynamic strength (DYN; 3 sets of 3 repetitions of 10 RM) and isometric strength exercises (ISOM; 3 sets of maintaining 3s of 10 RM of back-squat), as well as fast (FSSC; 3 sets of 3 repetitions of 20-cm drop-jumps) and slow (SSSC; 3 sets of 3 hurdle jumps over a 20-cm obstacle) stretch-shortening cycle protocols. Balance performance was tested before and after each of the four exercise conditions in bipedal stance on an unstable surface (i.e., BOSU ball with flat side facing up) using two dependent variables, i.e., center of pressure surface area (CoP SA) and velocity (CoP V). Results: There was a significant effect of time on CoP SA and CoP V [F(1,60)=54.37, d=1.88, p<0.0001; F(1,60)=9.07, d=0.77, p=0.003]. In addition, a statistically significant effect of condition on CoP SA and CoP V [F(3,60)=11.81, d=1.53, p<0.0001; F(3,60)=7.36, d=1.21, p=0.0003] was observed. Statistically significant condition-by-time interactions were found for the balance parameters CoP SA (p<0.003, d=0.54) and CoP V (p<0.002, d=0.70). Specific to contrast analysis, all specified hypotheses were tested and demonstrated that FSSC yielded significantly greater improvements than all other conditions in CoP SA and CoP V [p<0.0001 (d=1.55); p=0.0004 (d=1.19), respectively]. In addition, FSSC yielded significantly greater improvements compared with the two conditions for both balance parameters [p<0.0001 (d=2.03); p<0.0001 (d=1.45)]. Conclusion: Fast stretch-shortening cycle exercises appear to be more effective to improve short-term balance performance in young weightlifters. Due to the importance of balance for overall competitive achievement in weightlifting, it is recommended that young weightlifters implement dynamic plyometric exercises in the fast stretch-shortening cycle during the warm-up to improve their balance performance.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{KuikLauerChurkinaetal.2016,
  author    = {Kuik, Friderike and Lauer, Axel and Churkina, Galina and Denier Van der Gon, Hugo Anne Cornelis and Fenner, Daniel and Mar, Kathleen A. and Butler, Tim M.},
  title     = {Air quality modelling in the Berlin-Brandenburg region using WRF-Chem v3.7.1},
  series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  journal   = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  number    = {531},
  issn      = {1866-8372},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-41013},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-410131},
  pages     = {25},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Air pollution is the number one environmental cause of premature deaths in Europe. Despite extensive regulations, air pollution remains a challenge, especially in urban areas. For studying summertime air quality in the Berlin-Brandenburg region of Germany, the Weather Research and Forecasting Model with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) is set up and evaluated against meteorological and air quality observations from monitoring stations as well as from a field campaign conducted in 2014. The objective is to assess which resolution and level of detail in the input data is needed for simulating urban background air pollutant concentrations and their spatial distribution in the Berlin-Brandenburg area. The model setup includes three nested domains with horizontal resolutions of 15, 3 and 1 km and anthropogenic emissions from the TNO-MACC III inventory. We use RADM2 chemistry and the MADE/SORGAM aerosol scheme. Three sensitivity simulations are conducted updating input parameters to the single-layer urban canopy model based on structural data for Berlin, specifying land use classes on a sub-grid scale (mosaic option) and downscaling the original emissions to a resolution of ca. 1 km x 1 km for Berlin based on proxy data including traffic density and population density. The results show that the model simulates meteorology well, though urban 2m temperature and urban wind speeds are biased high and nighttime mixing layer height is biased low in the base run with the settings described above. We show that the simulation of urban meteorology can be improved when specifying the input parameters to the urban model, and to a lesser extent when using the mosaic option. On average, ozone is simulated reasonably well, but maximum daily 8 h mean concentrations are underestimated, which is consistent with the results from previous modelling studies using the RADM2 chemical mechanism. Particulate matter is underestimated, which is partly due to an underestimation of secondary organic aerosols. NOx (NO + NO2) concentrations are simulated reasonably well on average, but nighttime concentrations are overestimated due to the model's underestimation of the mixing layer height, and urban daytime concentrations are underestimated. The daytime underestimation is improved when using downscaled, and thus locally higher emissions, suggesting that part of this bias is due to deficiencies in the emission input data and their resolution. The results further demonstrate that a horizontal resolution of 3 km improves the results and spatial representativeness of the model compared to a horizontal resolution of 15 km. With the input data (land use classes, emissions) at the level of detail of the base run of this study, we find that a horizontal resolution of 1 km does not improve the results compared to a resolution of 3 km. However, our results suggest that a 1 km horizontal model resolution could enable a detailed simulation of local pollution patterns in the Berlin-Brandenburg region if the urban land use classes, together with the respective input parameters to the urban canopy model, are specified with a higher level of detail and if urban emissions of higher spatial resolution are used.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{BrigardTorres2019,
  type      = {Master Thesis},
  author    = {Brigard Torres, Juan Camilo},
  title     = {An aesthetic cartography of fast},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-46933},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-469333},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {89},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {In this cartography, I examine M.K. Gandhi's practice of fasting for political purposes from a specifically aesthetic perspective. In other words, to foreground their dramatic qualities, how they in their expressive repetition, patterning and stylization produced a/effected heightened forms of emotions. To carry out this task, I follow the theater scholar Erika Fischer-Lichte's features that give name to her book {\"A}esthetik des Performativen (2004). The cartography is framed in a philosophical presentation of Gandhi's discourse as well as of his historical sources. Moreover, as a second frame, I historicize the fasts, by means of a typology and teleology in context. The historically and discoursively framed cartography maps four main dimensions that define the aesthetics of the performative: mediality, materiality, semioticity and aestheticity. The first part analyses the medial platforms in which the fasts as events have been historically recorded and in which they have left their traces and inscriptions. These historical sources are namely, newspapers, images, newsreels and a documentary film. Secondly, the material dimension depicts Gandhi's corporeal condition, as well as the spatiality and temporality of the fasts. In the third place, I revise and reformulate critically Fischer-Lichte's concepts of "presence" and "representation" with resonating concepts of G. C. Spivak and J. Ranci{\`e}re. This revision illustrates Gandhi's fasts and shows the process of how an individual may become the embodiment or representation of a national body-politic. The last chapter of the cartography explores the autopoetic-feedback loop between Gandhi and the people and finishes with a comparison of the mise en sc{\`e}ne of the hunger artists with the fasts of the Indian the politician, social reformer, and theologian. The text concludes interpreting Gandhi's practice of fasting under the light of the concepts of "intellectual emancipation" and "de-subjectivation" of the philosopher J. Ranci{\`e}re. The four main concerns of this cartography are: Firstly, in the field of Gandhi's reception, to explore the aesthetic dimension as both alternative and complementary to the two hegemonic interpretative lenses, i.e. a hagiographic or a secular political understanding of the fasts. From a theoretical perspective, the cartography pursues to be a transdisciplinary experiment that aims at deploying concepts that have been traditionally developed, derived from and used in the field of the arts (theater, film, literature, aesthetic performance, etc.) in the field of the political. In brief, inverting an expression of Ranci{\`e}re, to understand politics as aesthetics. Thirdly, from a thematic point of view, the cartography inquires the historical forms of staging and perception of hunger. Last yet importantly, it is an inquiry of the practice of fasting as nonviolence, what Gandhi, its most sophisticated modern theoretician and practitioner considered its most radical expression.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Schmidtke2009,
  author    = {Schmidtke, Andrea},
  title     = {Biodiversity effects on the performance of terrestrial plant and phytoplankton communities},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-38936},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2009},
  abstract  = {Die {\"O}kosysteme unserer Erde sind durch das rasante Artensterben infolge von Umweltver{\"a}nderungen durch den Menschen und des globalen Klimawandels stark betroffen. Mit den Auswirkungen dieses Artenverlustes und der damit einhergehenden Ver{\"a}nderung der Diversit{\"a}t besch{\"a}ftigt sich die heutige Biodiversit{\"a}tsforschung. Spezieller wird der Effekt der Diversit{\"a}t auf {\"O}kosystemprozesse wie beispielsweise den Biomasseaufbau von Prim{\"a}rproduzenten oder der Resistenz einer Gemeinschaft gegen die Einwanderung neuer Arten untersucht. Die Quantifizierung des Einflusses der Diversit{\"a}t auf die Prim{\"a}rproduktion und das Verst{\"a}ndnis der zugrunde liegenden Mechanismen ist von besonderer Wichtigkeit. In terrestrischen Pflanzengemeinschaften wurde bereits ein positiver Diversit{\"a}tseffekt auf die Gemeinschaftsbiomasse beobachtet. Dies wird haupts{\"a}chlich durch den Komplementarit{\"a}ts- und/oder den Dominanzeffekt erkl{\"a}rt. Die Komplementarit{\"a}t zwischen Arten ist beispielsweise bei Unterschieden in der Ressourcenausnutzung gegeben (z.B. unterschiedliche Wurzeltiefen). Diese kann zu einer besseren N{\"a}hrstoffausnutzung in diverseren Gemeinschaften f{\"u}hren, die letztlich deren h{\"o}here Biomassen erkl{\"a}rt. Der Dominanzeffekt hingegen beruht auf der in diverseren Gemeinschaften h{\"o}heren Wahrscheinlichkeit, eine hochproduktive Art anzutreffen, was letztlich die h{\"o}here Biomasse der Gemeinschaft verursacht. Diversit{\"a}tseffekte auf {\"O}kosystemprozesse wurden bisher haupts{\"a}chlich auf der Gemeinschaftsebene untersucht. Analysen {\"u}ber die Reaktionen, die alle Arten einer Gemeinschaft einschließen, fehlen bisher. Daher wurde der Einfluss der Diversit{\"a}t auf die individuelle Performance von Pflanzenarten innerhalb des Biodiversit{\"a}tsprojektes „Das Jena Experiment" untersucht. Dieses Experiment umfasst 60 Arten, die charakteristisch f{\"u}r Mitteleurop{\"a}ische Graslandschaften sind. Die Arten wurden in die 4 funktionellen Gruppen Gr{\"a}ser, kleine Kr{\"a}uter, große Kr{\"a}uter und Leguminosen eingeteilt. Im Freilandversuch zeigte sich, dass mit steigender Artenzahl die individuelle Pflanzenh{\"o}he zunahm, w{\"a}hrend die individuelle oberirdische Biomasse sank. Der positive Diversit{\"a}tseffekt auf die pflanzliche Gemeinschaftsbiomasse kann folglich nicht auf der individuellen oberirdischen Biomassezunahme beruhen. {\"U}berdies reagierten die einzelnen funktionellen Gruppen und sogar die einzelnen Arten innerhalb einer funktionellen Gruppe unterschiedlich auf Diversit{\"a}tsver{\"a}nderungen. Folglich ist zu vermuten, dass einige {\"O}kosystemprozesse auf Gemeinschaftsebene durch die Reaktionen von bestimmten funktionellen Gruppen bzw. Arten hervorgerufen werden. Diversit{\"a}tseffekte auf Gemeinschaftsbiomassen wurden bislang haupts{\"a}chlich mit terrestrischen Pflanzen und weniger mit frei-schwebenden Algenarten (Phytoplankton) erforscht. Demzufolge wurde der Einfluss der Diversit{\"a}t auf die Biomasse von Phytoplankton-Gemeinschaften experimentell untersucht, wobei es sowohl zu negativen als auch positiven Diversit{\"a}tseffekten kam. Eine negative Beziehung zwischen Diversit{\"a}t und Gemeinschaftsbiomasse zeigte sich, wenn schnell-w{\"u}chsige Algenarten nur geringe Biomassen in Mono- und Mischkultur aufbauten. Die vorhandenen N{\"a}hrstoffe in der Mischkultur wurden von den schnell-w{\"u}chsigen Arten monopolisiert und folglich standen sie den langsam-w{\"u}chsigen Algenarten, welche viel Biomasse in Monokultur aufbauten, nicht mehr zur Verf{\"u}gung. Zu einem positiven Diversit{\"a}tseffekt auf die Gemeinschaftsbiomasse kam es, wenn die Artengemeinschaft eine positive Beziehung zwischen Wachstumsrate und Biomasse in Monokultur zeigte, sodass die schnell-w{\"u}chsige Algenarten viel Biomasse aufbauten. Da diese schnell-w{\"u}chsigen Algen in der Mischkultur dominant wurden, bestand die Gemeinschaft letztlich aus hoch-produktiven Algenarten, was zu einer erh{\"o}hten Gesamtbiomasse f{\"u}hrte. Diese beiden Versuchsans{\"a}tze verdeutlichen Mechanismen f{\"u}r die unterschiedlichen Reaktionen der Gemeinschaften auf Diversit{\"a}tsver{\"a}nderungen, welche auch f{\"u}r terrestrische Pflanzengemeinschaften gefunden wurden. Ein anderer wichtiger {\"O}kosystemprozess, der von der Diversit{\"a}t beeinflusst wird, ist die Anf{\"a}lligkeit von Gemeinschaften gegen{\"u}ber invasiven Arten (Invasibilit{\"a}t). Die Invasibilit{\"a}t wird von einer Vielzahl von Faktoren beeinflusst und demzufolge wurde der Effekt der Diversit{\"a}t und der Produktivit{\"a}t (N{\"a}hrstoffgehalt) auf die Invasibilit{\"a}t von Phytoplankton-Gemeinschaften in An- und Abwesenheit eines Herbivoren untersucht. Die zwei funktionell unterschiedlichen invasiven Arten waren die Blaualge Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (schlecht fressbar) und der Phytoflagellat Cryptomonas sp. (gut fressbar). Es zeigte sich, dass der Fraßdruck, welcher selber durch die Produktivit{\"a}t beeinflusst wurde, einen bedeutenden Effekt auf die Invasibilit{\"a}t von Phytoplankton-Gemeinschaften hat. Die funktionellen Eigenschaften der invasiven und residenten Arten waren zudem bedeutender als die Artenzahl.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SommererSquatritoTallbergetal.2021,
  author    = {Sommerer, Thomas and Squatrito, Theresa and Tallberg, Jonas and Lundgren, Magnus},
  title     = {Decision-making in international organizations},
  series = {The review of international organizations},
  volume    = {17},
  journal   = {The review of international organizations},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Boston},
  issn      = {1559-7431},
  doi       = {10.1007/s11558-021-09445-x},
  pages     = {815 -- 845},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {International organizations (IOs) experience significant variation in their decision-making performance, or the extent to which they produce policy output. While some IOs are efficient decision-making machineries, others are plagued by deadlock. How can such variation be explained? Examining this question, the article makes three central contributions. First, we approach performance by looking at IO decision-making in terms of policy output and introduce an original measure of decision-making performance that captures annual growth rates in IO output. Second, we offer a novel theoretical explanation for decision-making performance. This account highlights the role of institutional design, pointing to how majoritarian decision rules, delegation of authority to supranational institutions, and access for transnational actors (TNAs) interact to affect decision-making. Third, we offer the first comparative assessment of the decision-making performance of IOs. While previous literature addresses single IOs, we explore decision-making across a broad spectrum of 30 IOs from 1980 to 2011. Our analysis indicates that IO decision-making performance varies across and within IOs. We find broad support for our theoretical account, showing the combined effect of institutional design features in shaping decision-making performance. Notably, TNA access has a positive effect on decision-making performance when pooling is greater, and delegation has a positive effect when TNA access is higher. We also find that pooling has an independent, positive effect on decision-making performance. All-in-all, these findings suggest that the institutional design of IOs matters for their decision-making performance, primarily in more complex ways than expected in earlier research.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{IslamSchaeublinWenketal.2012,
  author    = {Islam, Khan M. Shaiful and Schaeublin, H. and Wenk, C. and Wanner, Michael and Liesegang, Annette},
  title     = {Effect of dietary citric acid on the performance and mineral metabolism of broiler},
  series = {Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition},
  volume    = {96},
  journal   = {Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell},
  address   = {Hoboken},
  issn      = {0931-2439},
  doi       = {10.1111/j.1439-0396.2011.01225.x},
  pages     = {808 -- 817},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary citric acid (CA) on the performance and mineral metabolism of broiler chicks. A total of 1720 Ross PM3 broiler chicks (days old) were randomly assigned to four groups (430 in each) and reared for a period of 35 days. The diets of groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 were supplemented with 0\%, 0.25\%, 0.75\% or 1.25\% CA by weight respectively. Feed and faeces samples were collected weekly and analysed for acid insoluble ash, calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and magnesium (Mg). The pH was measured in feed and faeces. At the age of 28 days, 10 birds from each group were slaughtered; tibiae were collected from each bird for the determination of bone mineral density, total ash, Ca, P, Mg and bone-breaking strength, and blood was collected for the measurement of osteocalcin, serum CrossLaps (R), Ca, P, Mg and 1,25(OH)(2)Vit-D in serum. After finishing the trial on day 37, all chicks were slaughtered by using the approved procedure. Birds that were fed CA diets were heavier (average body weights of 2030, 2079 and 2086 g in the 0.25\%, 0.75\% and 1.25\% CA groups, respectively, relative to the control birds (1986 g). Feed conversion efficiency (weight gain in g per kg of feed intake) was also higher in birds of the CA-fed groups (582, 595 and 587 g/kg feed intake for 0.25\%, 0.75\% and 1.25\% CA respectively), relative to the control birds (565 g/kg feed intake). The digestibility of Ca, P and Mg increased in the CA-fed groups, especially for the diets supplemented with 0.25\% and 0.75\% CA. Support for finding was also indicated in the results of the analysis of the tibia. At slaughter, the birds had higher carcass weights and higher graded carcasses in the groups that were fed the CA diets. The estimated profit margin was highest for birds fed the diet containing 0.25\% CA. Birds of the 0.75\% CA group were found to have the second highest estimated profit margin. Addition of CA up to a level of 1.25\% of the diet increased performance, feed conversion efficiency, carcass weight and carcass quality, but only in numerical terms. The addition of CA up to 0.75\% significantly increased the digestibility of macro minerals, bone ash content, bone mineral density and bone strength of the broiler chicks. It may, therefore, be concluded that the addition of 0.75\% CA in a standard diet is suitable for growth, carcass traits, macromineral digestibility and bone mineral density of broiler chicks.},
  language  = {en}
}