@article{LauxBierHoelzel2018,
  author    = {Laux, Eva-Maria and Bier, Frank Fabian and H{\"o}lzel, Ralph},
  title     = {Dielectrophoretic Stretching of DNA},
  series = {DNA Nanotechnology},
  journal   = {DNA Nanotechnology},
  edition   = {2},
  publisher = {Humana Press Inc.},
  address   = {New York},
  isbn      = {978-1-4939-8582-1},
  issn      = {1064-3745},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-1-4939-8582-1_14},
  pages     = {199 -- 208},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {The spatial control of DNA and of self-assembled DNA constructs is a prerequisite for the preparation of DNA-based nanostructures and microstructures and a useful tool for studies on single DNA molecules. Here we describe a protocol for the accumulation of dissolved lambda-DNA molecules between planar microelectrodes by the action of inhomogeneous radiofrequency electric fields. The resulting AC electrokinetic forces stretch the DNA molecules and align them parallel to the electric field. The electrode preparation from off-the-shelf electronic components is explained, and a detailed description of the electronic setup is given. The experimental procedure is controlled in real-time by fluorescence microscopy.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{LauxBierHoelzel2018,
  author    = {Laux, Eva-Maria and Bier, Frank Fabian and H{\"o}lzel, Ralph},
  title     = {Electrode-based AC electrokinetics of proteins},
  series = {Bioelectrochemistry : official journal of the Bioelectrochemical Society ; an international journal devoted to electrochemical aspects of biology and biological aspects of electrochemistry},
  volume    = {120},
  journal   = {Bioelectrochemistry : official journal of the Bioelectrochemical Society ; an international journal devoted to electrochemical aspects of biology and biological aspects of electrochemistry},
  publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1567-5394},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.bioelechem.2017.11.010},
  pages     = {76 -- 82},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Employing electric phenomena for the spatial manipulation of bioparticles from whole cells down to dissolved molecules has become a useful tool in biotechnology and analytics. AC electrokinetic effects like dielectrophoresis and AC electroosmosis are increasingly used to concentrate, separate and immobilize DNA and proteins. With the advance of photolithographical micro- and nanofabrication methods, novel or improved bioanalytical applications benefit from concentrating analytes, signal enhancement and locally controlled immobilization by AC electrokinetic effects. In this review of AC electrokinetics of proteins, the respective studies are classified according to their different electrode geometries: individual electrode pairs, interdigitated electrodes, quadrupole electrodes, and 3D configurations of electrode arrays. Known advantages and disadvantages of each layout are discussed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{StankeBierHoezel2011,
  author    = {Stanke, Sandra and Bier, Frank Fabian and Hoezel, Ralph},
  title     = {Fluid streaming above interdigitated electrodes in dielectrophoresis experiments},
  series = {Electrophoresis : microfluidics, nanoanalysis \& proteomics},
  volume    = {32},
  journal   = {Electrophoresis : microfluidics, nanoanalysis \& proteomics},
  number    = {18},
  publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell},
  address   = {Malden},
  issn      = {0173-0835},
  doi       = {10.1002/elps.201100096},
  pages     = {2448 -- 2455},
  year      = {2011},
  abstract  = {For the investigation of alternating current electrokinetic effects, a system is presented that allows for the simultaneous observation of fluid flow above and around microelectrodes in all three directions in space. Beside the usual microscopical view from top, lateral observation through the same objective is made possible by two small mirrors that are placed next to the electrodes. Fluid flow and movement of fluorescent nanoparticles above interdigitated electrodes are monitored by fluorescence microscopy and digital imaging and are further analysed by image processing. Field frequencies are varied from 10 Hz to 1 GHz at up to 10V(rms). Electrical conductivity of the fluid is monitored in situ in the actual measuring chamber.},
  language  = {en}
}