@article{HenzeRailaKempfetal.2011, author = {Henze, Andrea and Raila, Jens and Kempf, Caroline and Reinke, Petra and Sefrin, Anett and Querfeld, Uwe and Schweigert, Florian J.}, title = {Vitamin A metabolism is changed in donors after living-kidney transplantation an observational study}, series = {Lipids in health and disease}, volume = {10}, journal = {Lipids in health and disease}, number = {23}, publisher = {BioMed Central}, address = {London}, issn = {1476-511X}, doi = {10.1186/1476-511X-10-231}, pages = {7}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Background: The kidneys are essential for the metabolism of vitamin A (retinol) and its transport proteins retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) and transthyretin. Little is known about changes in serum concentration after living donor kidney transplantation (LDKT) as a consequence of unilateral nephrectomy; although an association of these parameters with the risk of cardiovascular diseases and insulin resistance has been suggested. Therefore we analyzed the concentration of retinol, RBP4, apoRBP4 and transthyretin in serum of 20 living-kidney donors and respective recipients at baseline as well as 6 weeks and 6 months after LDKT. Results: As a consequence of LDKT, the kidney function of recipients was improved while the kidney function of donors was moderately reduced within 6 weeks after LDKT. With regard to vitamin A metabolism, the recipients revealed higher levels of retinol, RBP4, transthyretin and apoRBP4 before LDKT in comparison to donors. After LDKT, the levels of all four parameters decreased in serum of the recipients, while retinol, RBP4 as well as apoRBP4 serum levels of donors increased and remained increased during the follow-up period of 6 months. Conclusion: LDKT is generally regarded as beneficial for allograft recipients and not particularly detrimental for the donors. However, it could be demonstrated in this study that a moderate reduction of kidney function by unilateral nephrectomy, resulted in an imbalance of components of vitamin A metabolism with a significant increase of retinol and RBP4 and apoRBP4 concentration in serum of donors.}, language = {en} } @article{MuellerUllmannSteinberg2011, author = {M{\"u}ller, Carsten and Ullmann, Kristina and Steinberg, Pablo}, title = {The grapevine-shoot extract Vineatrol30 Inhibits the chemically induced malignant transformation of BALB/c-3T3 Cells}, series = {Journal of medicinal food}, volume = {14}, journal = {Journal of medicinal food}, number = {1-2}, publisher = {Liebert}, address = {New Rochelle}, issn = {1096-620X}, doi = {10.1089/jmf.2010.0022}, pages = {34 -- 39}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Vineatrol (R) 30 (developed and produced jointly by Breko GmbH [Bremen, Germany] and Actichem [Montauban, France]) is a grapevine-shoot extract that contains resveratrol as well as considerable amounts of resveratrol oligomers. In the present study it is shown that Vineatrol30 at a noncytotoxic concentration of 2.3 mu g/mL significantly reduced the number of malignantly transformed foci induced by a sequential treatment of BALB/c-3T3 cells with 3-methylcholanthrene and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate in the so-called BALB/c-3T3 cell transformation assay. At a higher concentration Vineatrol30 drastically decreased the relative plating efficiency of the cells. Furthermore, the results suggest that the resveratrol oligomers present in Vineatrol30, independently from resveratrol itself, were indeed able to inhibit the formation of malignantly transformed BALB/c-3T3 foci.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Keipert2011, author = {Keipert, Susanne}, title = {The effects of mitochondrial uncoupling in skeletal muscle on lifespan, substrate and energy metabolism in mice}, address = {Potsdam}, pages = {75 S.}, year = {2011}, language = {en} } @misc{LamyRawelSchweigertetal.2011, author = {Lamy, Elsa and Rawel, Harshadrai Manilal and Schweigert, Florian J. and Capela e Silva, Fernando and Ferreira, Ana and Costa, Ana Rodrigues and Antunes, Celia and Almeida, Andre Martinho and Coelho, Ana Varela and Sales-Baptista, Elvira}, title = {The effect of tannins on mediterranean ruminant ingestive behavior the role of the oral cavity}, series = {Molecules}, volume = {16}, journal = {Molecules}, number = {4}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1420-3049}, doi = {10.3390/molecules16042766}, pages = {2766 -- 2784}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Sheep, cattle and goat are domestic ruminants of significant economic interest in the Mediterranean region. Although sharing the same pasture ranges, they ingest different plants and plant parts and, consequently different levels of tannins. This suggests an ability to detect and adapt ingestion according to animal physiological limits of tolerance for plant secondary metabolites. This review will detail the effects of dietary tannins on feeding behavior, and the role of the oral cavity in this process, with focus on such ruminant species. The role of salivary protein profile in tannin perception in the oral cavity, and as a defense mechanism, will be discussed.}, language = {en} } @article{BarceloCoblijnLauraMartindeAlmeidaetal.2011, author = {Barcelo-Coblijn, Gwendolyn and Laura Martin, Maria and de Almeida, Rodrigo F. M. and Antonia Noguera-Salva, Maria and Marcilla-Etxenike, Amaia and Guardiola-Serrano, Francisca and Lueth, Anja and Kleuser, Burkhard and Halver, John E. and Escriba, Pablo V.}, title = {Sphingomyelin and sphingomyelin synthase (SMS) in the malignant transformation of glioma cells and in 2-hydroxyoleic acid therapy}, series = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America}, volume = {108}, journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America}, number = {49}, publisher = {National Acad. of Sciences}, address = {Washington}, issn = {0027-8424}, doi = {10.1073/pnas.1115484108}, pages = {19569 -- 19574}, year = {2011}, abstract = {The mechanism of action of 2-hydroxyoleic acid (2OHOA), a potent antitumor compound, has not yet been fully elucidated. Here, we show that human cancer cells have markedly lower levels of sphingomyelin (SM) than nontumor (MRC-5) cells. In this context, 2OHOA treatment strongly augments SM mass (4.6-fold), restoring the levels found in MRC-5 cells, while a loss of phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine is observed (57 and 30\%, respectively). The increased SM mass was due to a rapid and highly specific activation of SM synthases (SMS). This effect appeared to be specific against cancer cells as it did not affect nontumor MRC-5 cells. Therefore, low SM levels are associated with the tumorigenic transformation that produces cancer cells. SM accumulation occurred at the plasma membrane and caused an increase in membrane global order and lipid raft packing in model membranes. These modifications would account for the observed alteration by 2OHOA in the localization of proteins involved in cell apoptosis (Fas receptor) or differentiation (Ras). Importantly, SMS inhibition by D609 diminished 2OHOA effect on cell cycle. Therefore, we propose that the regulation of SMS activity in tumor cells is a critical upstream event in 2OHOA antitumor mechanism, which also explains its specificity for cancer cells, its potency, and the lack of undesired side effects. Finally, the specific activation of SMS explains the ability of this compound to trigger cell cycle arrest, cell differentiation, and autophagy or apoptosis in cancer cells.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{GeschkaKretschmerSharkovskaetal.2011, author = {Geschka, Sandra and Kretschmer, A. and Sharkovska, J. and Evgenov, O. V. and Lawrenz, Bettina and Stasch, Johannes-Peter and Hocher, Berthold}, title = {Soluble guanylate cyclase stimulation prevents fibrotic tissue Remodelling and improves survival in salt-sensitive dahl rats}, series = {Journal of vascular research}, volume = {48}, booktitle = {Journal of vascular research}, number = {4}, publisher = {Karger}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1018-1172}, pages = {171 -- 171}, year = {2011}, language = {en} } @article{GeschkaKretschmerSharkovskaetal.2011, author = {Geschka, Sandra and Kretschmer, Axel and Sharkovska, Yuliya and Evgenov, Oleg V. and Lawrenz, Bettina and Hucke, Andreas and Hocher, Berthold and Stasch, Johannes-Peter}, title = {Soluble guanylate cyclase stimulation prevents fibrotic tissue remodeling and improves survival in salt-sensitive dahl rats}, series = {PLoS one}, volume = {6}, journal = {PLoS one}, number = {7}, publisher = {PLoS}, address = {San Fransisco}, issn = {1932-6203}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0021853}, pages = {10}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Background: A direct pharmacological stimulation of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) is an emerging therapeutic approach to the management of various cardiovascular disorders associated with endothelial dysfunction. Novel sGC stimulators, including riociguat (BAY 63-2521), have a dual mode of action: They sensitize sGC to endogenously produced nitric oxide (NO) and also directly stimulate sGC independently of NO. Little is known about their effects on tissue remodeling and degeneration and survival in experimental malignant hypertension. Methods and Results: Mortality, hemodynamics and biomarkers of tissue remodeling and degeneration were assessed in Dahl salt-sensitive rats maintained on a high salt diet and treated with riociguat (3 or 10 mg/kg/d) for 14 weeks. Riociguat markedly attenuated systemic hypertension, improved systolic heart function and increased survival from 33\% to 85\%. Histological examination of the heart and kidneys revealed that riociguat significantly ameliorated fibrotic tissue remodeling and degeneration. Correspondingly, mRNA expression of the pro-fibrotic biomarkers osteopontin (OPN), tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in the myocardium and the renal cortex was attenuated by riociguat. In addition, riociguat reduced plasma and urinary levels of OPN, TIMP-1, and PAI-1. Conclusions: Stimulation of sGC by riociguat markedly improves survival and attenuates systemic hypertension and systolic dysfunction, as well as fibrotic tissue remodeling in the myocardium and the renal cortex in a rodent model of pressure and volume overload. These findings suggest a therapeutic potential of sGC stimulators in diseases associated with impaired cardiovascular and renal functions.}, language = {en} } @article{CarlsohnScharhagRosenbergerCasseletal.2011, author = {Carlsohn, Anja and Scharhag-Rosenberger, Friederike and Cassel, Michael and Mayer, Frank}, title = {Resting metabolic rate in elite rowers and canoeists difference between indirect calorimetry and prediction}, series = {Annals of nutrition \& metabolism : journal of nutrition, metabolic diseases and dietetics ; an official journal of International Union of Nutritional Sciences (IUNS)}, volume = {58}, journal = {Annals of nutrition \& metabolism : journal of nutrition, metabolic diseases and dietetics ; an official journal of International Union of Nutritional Sciences (IUNS)}, number = {3}, publisher = {Karger}, address = {Basel}, issn = {0250-6807}, doi = {10.1159/000330119}, pages = {239 -- 244}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Background: Athletes may differ in their resting metabolic rate (RMR) from the general population. However, to estimate the RMR in athletes, prediction equations that have not been validated in athletes are often used. The purpose of this study was therefore to verify the applicability of commonly used RMR predictions for use in athletes. Methods: The RMR was measured by indirect calorimetry in 17 highly trained rowers and canoeists of the German national teams (BMI 24 +/- 2 kg/m(2), fat-free mass 69 +/- 15 kg). In addition, the RMR was predicted using Cunningham (CUN) and Harris-Benedict (HB) equations. A two-way repeated measures ANOVA was calculated to test for differences between predicted and measured RMR (alpha = 0.05). The root mean square percentage error (RMSPE) was calculated and the Bland-Altman procedure was used to quantify the bias for each prediction. Results: Prediction equations significantly underestimated the RMR in males (p < 0.001). The RMSPE was calculated to be 18.4\% (CUN) and 20.9\% (HB) in the entire group. The bias was 133 kcal/24 h for CUN and 202 kcal/24 h for HB. Conclusions: Predictions significantly underestimate the RMR in male heavyweight endurance athletes but not in females. In athletes with a high fat-free mass, prediction equations might therefore not be applicable to estimate energy requirements. Instead, measurement of the resting energy expenditure or specific prediction equations might be needed for the individual heavyweight athlete.}, language = {en} } @article{SharkovskaKalkvonWebskyetal.2011, author = {Sharkovska, Yuliya and Kalk, Philipp and von Websky, Karoline and Relle, Katharina and Pfab, Thiemo and Alter, Markus L. and Fischer, Yvan and Hocher, Berthold}, title = {Renoprotective effects of combined endothelin-converting enzyme/neutral endopeptidase inhibitor SLV338 in acute and chronic experimental renal damage}, series = {Clinical laboratory : the peer reviewed journal for clinical laboratories and laboratories related to blood transfusion}, volume = {57}, journal = {Clinical laboratory : the peer reviewed journal for clinical laboratories and laboratories related to blood transfusion}, number = {7-8}, publisher = {Clin Lab Publ., Verl. Klinisches Labor}, address = {Heidelberg}, issn = {1433-6510}, pages = {507 -- 515}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) as well as chronic renal failure are associated with a huge mortality/morbidity. However, so far no drugs have been approved for the treatment of acute kidney failure and only a few for the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD). We analysed the effect of SLV 338, a neutral endopeptidase (NEP)/endothelin converting enzyme (ECE)-inhibitor in animal models of acute kidney failure as well as chronic renal failure. Methods: Acute renal failure was induced in male Wistar rats by uninephrectomy and clamping of the remaining kidney for 55 minutes. SLV338 (total dose: 4.9 mg/kg) or vehicle was continuously infused for 2 hours (starting 20 minutes prior to clamping). Sham operated animals served as controls. Plasma creatinine was measured at baseline and day 2 and 8 after renal ischemia-reperfusion. Hypertensive renal damage was induced in male Sprague Dawley rats by nitric oxide deficiency using L-NAME (50 mg/kg per day, added to drinking water for 4 weeks). One group was treated over the same time period with SLV338 (30 mg/kg per day, mixed with food). Systolic blood pressure was monitored weekly. At study end, urine and blood samples were collected and kidneys were harvested. Results: Acute renal ischemia-reperfusion caused a 5-fold plasma creatinine elevation (day 2), which was significantly attenuated by more than 50 \% in animals treated with SLV338 (p < 0.05). Renal failure was accompanied by a 67 \% mortality in vehicle-treated rats, but only 20 \% after SLV338 treatment (p = 0.03 compared to sham controls). Chronic L-NAME administration caused hypertension, urinary albumin excretion, glomerulosclerosis, renal arterial remodelling, and renal interstitial fibrosis. Treatment with SLV338 did not significantly affect blood pressure, but abolished renal tissue damage (interstitial fibrosis, glomerulosclerosis, renal arterial remodelling (p < 0.05 versus L-NAME group in each case). Conclusions: The dual ECE/NEP inhibitor SLV338 preserves kidney function and reduces mortality in severe acute ischemic renal failure. Moreover, combined ECE/NEP inhibition prevents hypertensive renal tissue damage in a blood pressure independent manner in L-NAME-treated rats.}, language = {en} } @article{HocherHeidenvonWebskyetal.2011, author = {Hocher, Berthold and Heiden, Susi and von Websky, Karoline and Arafat, Ayman M. and Rahnenf{\"u}hrer, Jan and Alter, Markus L. and Kalk, Philipp and Ziegler, Dieter and Fischer, Yvan and Pfab, Thiemo}, title = {Renal effects of the novel selective adenosine A(1) receptor blocker SLV329 in experimental liver cirrhosis in rats}, series = {PLoS one}, volume = {6}, journal = {PLoS one}, number = {3}, publisher = {PLoS}, address = {San Fransisco}, issn = {1932-6203}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0017891}, pages = {8}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Liver cirrhosis is often complicated by an impaired renal excretion of water and sodium. Diuretics tend to further deteriorate renal function. It is unknown whether chronic selective adenosine A(1) receptor blockade, via inhibition of the hepatorenal reflex and the tubuloglomerular feedback, might exert diuretic and natriuretic effects without a reduction of the glomerular filtration rate. In healthy animals intravenous treatment with the novel A(1) receptor antagonist SLV329 resulted in a strong dose-dependent diuretic (up to 3.4-fold) and natriuretic (up to 13.5-fold) effect without affecting creatinine clearance. Male Wistar rats with thioacetamide-induced liver cirrhosis received SLV329, vehicle or furosemide for 12 weeks. The creatinine clearance of cirrhotic animals decreased significantly (-36.5\%, p < 0.05), especially in those receiving furosemide (-41.9\%, p < 0.01). SLV329 was able to prevent this decline of creatinine clearance. Mortality was significantly lower in cirrhotic animals treated with SLV329 in comparison to animals treated with furosemide (17\% vs. 54\%, p < 0.05). SLV329 did not relevantly influence the degree of liver fibrosis, kidney histology or expression of hepatic or renal adenosine receptors. In conclusion, chronic treatment with SLV329 prevented the decrease of creatinine clearance in a rat model of liver cirrhosis. Further studies will have to establish whether adenosine A(1) receptor antagonists are clinically beneficial at different stages of liver cirrhosis.}, language = {en} }