@article{IturrizagaCharrierG2021,
  author    = {Iturrizaga, Lasafam and Charrier G., Reynaldo},
  title     = {Sudden glacier advances in the Cachapoal Valley, Southern Central Andes of Chile (34 degrees S)},
  series = {Journal of South American earth sciences},
  volume    = {105},
  journal   = {Journal of South American earth sciences},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {0895-9811},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.jsames.2020.102787},
  pages     = {22},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Throughout the Andes Mountains of South America, a general trend of glacier shrinkage has taken place in modern times. However, a few glaciers have undergone considerable temporally advances or even surged during the mid-19th to 20th century CE. These valley glaciers are mainly located in the Central Andes of Chile and Argentina. The research presented here focuses on the changes of the Cachapoal Glacier in the Southern Central Andes of Chile. Spectacular glacier advances occurred at least three times in historical times, which lead to river blockages and successive lake outburst floods. The glacier advances were reconstructed with a multi-method approach including geomorphological mapping, Be-10 cosmogenic exposure dating of moraines, multi-temporal comparison of historical and recent photographs and paintings as well as the interpretation of aerial photographs and satellite images and the analysis of early travel reports. The article highlights the diversity of environmental conditions for the formation of glaciers in terms of the topographical and climatic setting and the resulting distinct glacier behavior along the Andes Mountains. It is argued for the Cachapoal Glacier that the glacier advances are intrinsic to the glacier type and may not be necessarily climate-dependent. This is characteristic for avalanche-fed glaciers of which the glacier dynamic is strongly controlled by the topographic setting and sudden inputs of ice and rock avalanches as well as by the specific debris transfer system and hydrological drainage pattern. At the regional level, the fluctuations of the Cachapoal Glacier are compared with glaciers of neighboring mountain ranges in the Southern Central Andes and at the global scale with those of the Karakoram Mountains in High Asia with a similar dynamic glacier behavior.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KorupMohrManga2021,
  author    = {Korup, Oliver and Mohr, Christian Heinrich and Manga, Michael M.},
  title     = {Bayesian detection of streamflow response to earthquakes},
  series = {Water resources research : an AGU journal},
  volume    = {57},
  journal   = {Water resources research : an AGU journal},
  number    = {7},
  publisher = {Wiley},
  address   = {Hoboken, NJ},
  issn      = {0043-1397},
  doi       = {10.1029/2020WR028874},
  pages     = {10},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Detecting whether and how river discharge responds to strong earthquake shaking can be time-consuming and prone to operator bias when checking hydrographs from hundreds of gauging stations. We use Bayesian piecewise regression models to show that up to a fifth of all gauging stations across Chile had their largest change in daily streamflow trend on the day of the M-w 8.8 Maule earthquake in 2010. These stations cluster distinctly in the near field though the number of detected streamflow changes varies with model complexity and length of time window considered. Credible seismic streamflow changes at several stations were the highest detectable in eight months, with an increased variance of discharge surpassing the variance of discharge following rainstorms. We conclude that Bayesian piecewise regression sheds new and unbiased insights on the duration, trend, and variance of streamflow response to strong earthquakes, and on how this response compares to that following rainstorms.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Santuber2023,
  author    = {Santuber, Joaquin},
  title     = {Designing for digital justice},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-60417},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-604178},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xviii, 183},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {At the beginning of 2020, with COVID-19, courts of justice worldwide had to move online to continue providing judicial service. Digital technologies materialized the court practices in ways unthinkable shortly before the pandemic creating resonances with judicial and legal regulation, as well as frictions. A better understanding of the dynamics at play in the digitalization of courts is paramount for designing justice systems that serve their users better, ensure fair and timely dispute resolutions, and foster access to justice. Building on three major bodies of literature —e-justice, digitalization and organization studies, and design research— Designing for Digital Justice takes a nuanced approach to account for human and more-than-human agencies. Using a qualitative approach, I have studied in depth the digitalization of Chilean courts during the pandemic, specifically between April 2020 and September 2022. Leveraging a comprehensive source of primary and secondary data, I traced back the genealogy of the novel materializations of courts' practices structured by the possibilities offered by digital technologies. In five (5) cases studies, I show in detail how the courts got to 1) work remotely, 2) host hearings via videoconference, 3) engage with users via social media (i.e., Facebook and Chat Messenger), 4) broadcast a show with judges answering questions from users via Facebook Live, and 5) record, stream, and upload judicial hearings to YouTube to fulfil the publicity requirement of criminal hearings. The digitalization of courts during the pandemic is characterized by a suspended normativity, which makes innovation possible yet presents risks. While digital technologies enabled the judiciary to provide services continuously, they also created the risk of displacing traditional judicial and legal regulation. Contributing to liminal innovation and digitalization research, Designing for Digital Justice theorizes four phases: 1) the pre-digitalization phase resulting in the development of regulation, 2) the hotspot of digitalization resulting in the extension of regulation, 3) the digital innovation redeveloping regulation (moving to a new, preliminary phase), and 4) the permanence of temporal practices displacing regulation. Contributing to design research Designing for Digital Justice provides new possibilities for innovation in the courts, focusing at different levels to better address tensions generated by digitalization. Fellow researchers will find in these pages a sound theoretical advancement at the intersection of digitalization and justice with novel methodological references. Practitioners will benefit from the actionable governance framework Designing for Digital Justice Model, which provides three fields of possibilities for action to design better justice systems. Only by taking into account digital, legal, and social factors can we design better systems that promote access to justice, the rule of law, and, ultimately social peace.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MelnickMorenoQuinterosetal.2017,
  author    = {Melnick, Daniel and Moreno, Marcos and Quinteros, Javier and Carlos Baez, Juan and Deng, Zhiguo and Li, Shaoyang and Oncken, Onno},
  title     = {The super-interseismic phase of the megathrust earthquake cycle in Chile},
  series = {Geophysical research letters},
  volume    = {44},
  journal   = {Geophysical research letters},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {American Geophysical Union},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {0094-8276},
  doi       = {10.1002/2016GL071845},
  pages     = {784 -- 791},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Along a subduction zone, great megathrust earthquakes recur either after long seismic gaps lasting several decades to centuries or over much shorter periods lasting hours to a few years when cascading successions of earthquakes rupture nearby segments of the fault. We analyze a decade of continuous Global Positioning System observations along the South American continent to estimate changes in deformation rates between the 2010 Maule (M8.8) and 2015 Illapel (M8.3) Chilean earthquakes. We find that surface velocities increased after the 2010 earthquake, in response to continental-scale viscoelastic mantle relaxation and to regional-scale increased degree of interplate locking. We propose that increased locking occurs transiently during a super-interseismic phase in segments adjacent to a megathrust rupture, responding to bending of both plates caused by coseismic slip and subsequent afterslip. Enhanced strain rates during a super-interseismic phase may therefore bring a megathrust segment closer to failure and possibly triggered the 2015 event.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MohrMangaWald2018,
  author    = {Mohr, Christian Heinrich and Manga, Michael and Wald, David},
  title     = {Stronger peak ground motion, beyond the threshold to initiate a response, does not lead to larger stream discharge responses to earthquakes},
  series = {Geophysical research letters},
  volume    = {45},
  journal   = {Geophysical research letters},
  number    = {13},
  publisher = {American Geophysical Union},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {0094-8276},
  doi       = {10.1029/2018GL078621},
  pages     = {6523 -- 6531},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {The impressive number of stream gauges in Chile, combined with a suite of past and recent large earthquakes, makes Chile a unique natural laboratory to study several streams that recorded responses to multiple seismic events. We document changes in discharge in eight streams in Chile following two or more large earthquakes. In all cases, discharge increases. Changes in discharge occur for peak ground velocities greater than about 7-11cm/s. Above that threshold, the magnitude of both the increase in discharge and the total excess water do not increase with increasing peak ground velocities. While these observations are consistent with previous work in California, they conflict with lab experiments that show that the magnitude of permeability changes increases with increasing amplitude of ground motion. Instead, our study suggests that streamflow responses are binary. Plain Language Summary Earthquakes deform and shake the surface and the ground below. These changes may affect groundwater flows by increasing the permeability along newly formed cracks and/or clearing clogged pores. As a result, groundwater flow may substantially increase after earthquakes and remain elevated for several months. Here we document streamflow anomalies following multiple high magnitude earthquakes in multiple streams in one of the most earthquake prone regions worldwide, Chile. We take advantage of the dense monitoring network in Chile that recorded streamflow since the 1940s. We show that once a critical ground motion is exceeded, streamflow responses to earthquakes can be expected.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Eulenfeld2011,
  type      = {Master Thesis},
  author    = {Eulenfeld, Sophie},
  title     = {Gemeinschaftsbildung im Exil: Chancen und Gefahren des Zusammenlebens am Beispiel der Colonia Dignidad in Chile},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-51962},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-519622},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {III, 108},
  year      = {2011},
  abstract  = {In vorliegender Arbeit werden die Gefahren und Chancen des gemeinschaftlichen Zusammenlebens im Exil am Beispiel der ehemaligen Colonia Dignidad in Chile analysiert. Die Colonia Dignidad (dt.: Kolonie der W{\"u}rde) wurde 1961 von Mitgliedern einer deutschen Sekte im Zentrum des Landes, ca. 400 km s{\"u}dlich von Santiago entfernt, gegr{\"u}ndet. Nach außen pr{\"a}sentierte sich die Gemeinschaft als gl{\"u}ckliche und zufriedene deutsche Enklave, die ihre heimatlichen Traditionen und Br{\"a}uche im Ausland weiterhin pflegt. Mit dem Ende der Milit{\"a}rdiktatur unter Augusto Pinochet 1990 und dem damit verbundenen Wegfall der politischen R{\"u}ckendeckung der Gemeinschaft, begann die chilenische Justiz die schon l{\"a}nger bestehenden Vorw{\"u}rfe gegen den damaligen Sektenf{\"u}hrer Paul Sch{\"a}fer, u. a. wegen Kindesmissbrauchs und Folter an chilenischen Oppositionellen w{\"a}hrend der Milit{\"a}rdiktatur, zu untersuchen. Dem chilenischen Haftbefehl acht Jahre sp{\"a}ter entzog sich Paul Sch{\"a}fer durch seine Flucht nach Argentinien. Die zur{\"u}ckbleibenden Mitglieder der Colonia Dignidad waren aufgrund des einsetzenden Zerfalls der alten Gemeinschaftsordnung gezwungen, sich ein neues Gemeinschaftskonzept zu erarbeiten, eines, in dem die bisher so dominante F{\"u}hrerfigur fehlte. Sowohl das Gemeinschaftsleben in der Colonia Dignidad zwischen 1961 und 1998 als auch das Zusammenleben in der heutigen Villa Baviera ab 1998 wird anhand der Theorien zur Gemeinschaftsforschung von Ferdinand T{\"o}nnies, Georg Vobruba, Zygmunt Baumann, Matthias Grundmann und Stephan Drucks analysiert. Im Findungsprozess eines neuen Gemeinschaftskonzeptes waren die Mitglieder der ehemaligen Colonia Dignidad gezwungen, sich mit der Vergangenheit auseinanderzusetzen. In diesem Zusammenhang wird der Frage nachgegangen, inwiefern eine Aufarbeitung der Vergangenheit (memoria) im kulturwissenschaftlichen und psychologischen Sinne stattfand bzw. stattfindet und wenn ja, wie sich diese gestaltete bzw. gestaltet. Hierzu wird untersucht, welche staatlichen Maßnahmen zur Unterst{\"u}tzung des Neuanfangs der Gemeinschaft getroffen wurden und welchen Erfolg diese Maßnahmen hatten. Basierend auf den daraus gewonnenen Resultaten und der aktuellen Selbstdarstellung der Villa Baviera in ihrer Webpr{\"a}senz, wird das neue Gemeinschaftskonzept der ehemaligen Colonia Dignidad auf die Chancen des Zusammenlebens hin analysiert. Weiterf{\"u}hrend werden Konzepte zum kollektiven Ged{\"a}chtnis untersucht, von dem „Familienged{\"a}chtnis" auf ein „Gemeinschaftsged{\"a}chtnis" {\"u}bertragen und mit der Frage nach der konstruktiven memoria innerhalb der Villa Baviera verbunden. Abschließend wird der Frage nachgegangen, welche positiven Aspekte des Gemeinschaftslebens einer intentionalen Gemeinschaft auf das Gemeinschaftsleben der Villa Baviera {\"u}bertragen werden k{\"o}nnten.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{OeserStroncikMoskwaetal.2018,
  author    = {Oeser, Ralf Andreas and Stroncik, Nicole and Moskwa, Lisa-Marie and Bernhard, Nadine and Schaller, Mirjam and Canessa, Rafaella and van den Brink, Liesbeth and K{\"o}ster, Moritz and Brucker, Emanuel and Stock, Svenja and Pablo Fuentes, Juan and Godoy, Roberto and Javier Matus, Francisco and Oses Pedraza, Romulo and Osses McIntyre, Pablo and Paulino, Leandro and Seguel, Oscar and Bader, Maaike Y. and Boy, Jens and Dippold, Michaela A. and Ehlers, Todd and K{\"u}hn, Peter and Kuzyakov, Yakov and Leinweber, Peter and Scholten, Thomas and Spielvogel, Sandra and Spohn, Marie and Ubernickel, Kirstin and Tielb{\"o}rger, Katja and Wagner, Dirk and von Blanckenburg, Friedhelm},
  title     = {Chemistry and microbiology of the Critical Zone along a steep climate and vegetation gradient in the Chilean Coastal Cordillera},
  series = {Catena : an interdisciplinary journal of soil science, hydrology, geomorphology focusing on geoecology and landscape evolution},
  volume    = {170},
  journal   = {Catena : an interdisciplinary journal of soil science, hydrology, geomorphology focusing on geoecology and landscape evolution},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0341-8162},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.catena.2018.06.002},
  pages     = {183 -- 203},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {From north to south, denudation rates from cosmogenic nuclides are similar to 10 t km(-2) yr(-1) at the arid Pan de Aziicar site, similar to 20 t km(2) yr(-1) at the semi-arid site of Santa Gracia, -60 t km(-2) yr(-1) at the Mediterranean climate site of La Campana, and similar to 30 t km(-2) yr(-1) at the humid site of Nahuelbuta. A and B horizons increase in thickness and elemental depletion or enrichment increases from north (similar to 26 degrees S) to south (similar to 38 degrees S) in these horizons. Differences in the degree of chemical weathering, quantified by the chemical depletion fraction (CDF), are significant only between the arid and sparsely vegetated site and the other three sites. Differences in the CDF between the sites, and elemental depletion within the sites are sometimes smaller than the variations induced by the bedrock heterogeneity. Microbial abundances (bacteria and archaea) in saprolite substantially increase from the arid to the semi-arid sites. With this study, we provide a comprehensive dataset characterizing the Critical Zone geochemistry in the Chilean Coastal Cordillera. This dataset confirms climatic controls on weathering and denudation rates and provides prerequisites to quantify the role of biota in future studies.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchusterKrahe2019,
  author    = {Schuster, Isabell and Krahe, Barbara},
  title     = {Predictors of sexual aggression perpetration among male and female college students},
  series = {Sexual abuse : official journal of the Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers (ATSA)},
  volume    = {31},
  journal   = {Sexual abuse : official journal of the Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers (ATSA)},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Sage},
  address   = {Thousand Oaks},
  issn      = {1079-0632},
  doi       = {10.1177/1079063218793632},
  pages     = {318 -- 343},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {This two-wave longitudinal study examined risky sexual scripts and sexual behavior regarding consensual sexual interactions, sexual self-esteem, initiation assertiveness, and religiosity as predictors of sexual aggression perpetration in a cross-cultural comparison of college students in Chile and Turkey. As predicted, risky sexual scripts were linked to higher odds of perpetration through more risky sexual behavior cross-sectionally in both the Chilean and the Turkish sample and indirectly predicted perpetration 12 months later. High sexual self-esteem increased the likelihood of perpetration via higher initiation assertiveness in the Turkish sample only. High religiosity reduced the odds of perpetration through less risky sexual scripts and less risky sexual behavior in both samples. In addition, high religiosity increased the probability of perpetration through lower sexual self-esteem in the Turkish sample. Implications of these findings and the role of cultural factors contributing to the differential functioning of religiosity and sexual self-esteem are discussed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{SchusterKrahe2019,
  author    = {Schuster, Isabell and Krahe, Barbara},
  title     = {Prevalence of Sexual Aggression Victimization and Perpetration in Chile},
  series = {Trauma violence \& abuse},
  volume    = {20},
  journal   = {Trauma violence \& abuse},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Sage Publ.},
  address   = {Thousand Oaks},
  issn      = {1524-8380},
  doi       = {10.1177/1524838017697307},
  pages     = {229 -- 244},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Sexual aggression is a major public health issue worldwide, but most knowledge is derived from studies conducted in North America and Western Europe. Little research has been conducted on the prevalence of sexual aggression in developing countries, including Chile. This article presents the first systematic review of the evidence on the prevalence of sexual aggression victimization and perpetration among women and men in Chile. Furthermore, it reports differences in prevalence rates in relation to victim and perpetrator characteristics and victim-perpetrator relationships. A total of N = 28 studies were identified by a three-stage literature search, including the screening of academic databases, publications of Chilean institutions, and reference lists. A great heterogeneity was found for prevalence rates of sexual victimization, ranging between 1.0\% and 51.9\% for women and 0.4\% and 48.0\% for men. Only four studies provided perpetration rates, which varied between 0.8\% and 26.8\% for men and 0.0\% and 16.5\% for women. No consistent evidence emerged for differences in victimization rates in relation to victims' gender, age, and education. Perpetrators were more likely to be persons known to the victim. Conceptual and methodological differences between the studies are discussed as reasons for the great variability in prevalence rates, and recommendations are provided for a more harmonized and gender-inclusive approach for future research on sexual aggression in Chile.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{TolorzaMohrCarretieretal.2019,
  author    = {Tolorza, Violeta and Mohr, Christian Heinrich and Carretier, Sebastien and Serey, Amador and Sepulveda, Sergio A. and Tapia, Joseline and Pinto, Luisa},
  title     = {Suspended sediments in chilean rivers reveal low postseismic erosion after the maule earthquake (Mw 8.8) during a severe drought},
  series = {Journal of geophysical research : Earth surface},
  volume    = {124},
  journal   = {Journal of geophysical research : Earth surface},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {American Geophysical Union},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {2169-9003},
  doi       = {10.1029/2018JF004766},
  pages     = {1378 -- 1397},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {We address the question of whether all large-magnitude earthquakes produce an erosion peak in the subaerial components of fluvial catchments. We evaluate the sediment flux response to the Maule earthquake in the Chilean Andes (Mw 8.8) using daily suspended sediment records from 31 river gauges. The catchments cover drainage areas of 350 to around 10,000 km(2), including a wide range of topographic slopes and vegetation cover of the Andean western flank. We compare the 3- to 8-year postseismic record of sediment flux to each of the following preseismic periods: (1) all preseismic data, (2) a 3-year period prior to the seismic event, and (3) the driest preseismic periods, as drought conditions prevailed in the postseismic period. Following the earthquake, no increases in suspended sediment flux were observed for moderate to high percentiles of the streamflow distribution (mean, median, and >= 75th percentile). However, more than half of the examined stations showed increased sediment flux during baseflow. By using a Random Forest approach, we evaluate the contributions of seismic intensities, peak ground accelerations, co-seismic landslides, hydroclimatic conditions, topography, lithology, and land cover to explain the observed changes in suspended sediment concentration and fluxes. We find that the best predictors are hillslope gradient, low-vegetation cover, and changes in streamflow discharge. This finding suggests a combined first-order control of topography, land cover, and hydrology on the catchment-wide erosion response. We infer a reduced sediment connectivity due to the postseismic drought, which increased the residence time of sediment detached and remobilized following the Maule earthquake.},
  language  = {en}
}