@article{MeyerPeterBatsiosetal.2017,
  author    = {Meyer, Irene and Peter, Tatjana and Batsios, Petros and Kuhnert, Oliver and Krueger-Genge, Anne and Camurca, Carl and Gr{\"a}f, Ralph},
  title     = {CP39, CP75 and CP91 are major structural components of the Dictyostelium},
  series = {European journal of cell biology},
  volume    = {96},
  journal   = {European journal of cell biology},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Jena},
  issn      = {0171-9335},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.eicb.2017.01.004},
  pages     = {119 -- 130},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {The acentriolar Dictyostelium centrosome is a nucleus-associated body consisting of a core structure with three plaque-like layers, which are surrounded by a microtubule-nucleating corona. The core duplicates once per cell cycle at the G2/M transition, whereby its central layer disappears and the two outer layers form the mitotic spindle poles. Through proteomic analysis of isolated centrosomes, we have identified CP39 and CP75, two essential components of the core structure. Both proteins can be assigned to the central core layer as their centrosomal presence is correlated to the disappearance and reappearance of the central core layer in the course of centrosome duplication. Both proteins contain domains with centrosome-binding activity in their N- and C-terminal halves, whereby the respective N-terminal half is required for cell cycle-dependent regulation. CP39 is capable of self-interaction and GFP-CP39 overexpression elicited supernumerary microtubule-organizing centers and pre-centrosomal cytosolic clusters. Underexpression stopped cell growth and reversed the MTOC amplification phenotype. In contrast, in case of CP75 underexpression of the protein by RNAi treatment elicited supernumerary MTOCs. In addition, CP75RNAi affects correct chromosome segregation and causes co-depletion of CP39 and CP91, another central core layer component. CP39 and CP75 interact with each other directly in a yeast two-hybrid assay. Furthermore, CP39, CP75 and CP91 mutually interact in a proximity-dependent biotin identification (BioID) assay. Our data indicate that these three proteins are all required for proper centrosome biogenesis and make up the major structural components of core structure's central layer.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KuhnertBaumannMeyeretal.2012,
  author    = {Kuhnert, Oliver and Baumann, Otto and Meyer, Irene and Gr{\"a}f, Ralph},
  title     = {CP55, a novel key component of centrosomal organization in dictyostelium},
  series = {Cellular and molecular life sciences},
  volume    = {69},
  journal   = {Cellular and molecular life sciences},
  number    = {21},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {1420-682X},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00018-012-1040-3},
  pages     = {3651 -- 3664},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {Dictyostelium centrosomes consist of a layered core structure surrounded by a microtubule-nucleating corona. At the G2/M transition, the corona dissociates and the core structure duplicates, yielding two spindle pole bodies. Finally, in telophase, the spindle poles mature into two new, complete centrosomes. CP55 was identified in a centrosomal proteome analysis. It is a component of the centrosomal core structure, and persists at the centrosome throughout the entire cell cycle. FRAP experiments revealed that during interphase the majority of centrosomal GFP-CP55 is immobile, which indicates a structural task of CP55 at the centrosome. The CP55null mutant is characterized by increased ploidy, a less structured, slightly enlarged corona, and by supernumerary, cytosolic MTOCs, containing only corona proteins and lacking a core structure. Live cell imaging showed that supernumerary MTOCs arise in telophase. Lack of CP55 also caused premature recruitment of the corona organizer CP148 to mitotic spindle poles, already in metaphase instead of telophase. Forces transmitted through astral microtubules may expel prematurely acquired or loosely attached corona fragments into the cytosol, where they act as independent MTOCs. CP55null cells were also impaired in growth, most probably due to difficulties in centrosome splitting during prophase. Furthermore, although they were still capable of phagocytosis, they appeared unable to utilize phagocytosed nutrients. This inability may be attributed to their partially disorganized Golgi apparatus.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KuhnertBaumannMeyeretal.2012,
  author    = {Kuhnert, Oliver and Baumann, Otto and Meyer, Irene and Gr{\"a}f, Ralph},
  title     = {Functional characterization of CP148, a novel key component for centrosome integrity in Dictyostelium},
  series = {Cellular and molecular life sciences},
  volume    = {69},
  journal   = {Cellular and molecular life sciences},
  number    = {11},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {1420-682X},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00018-011-0904-2},
  pages     = {1875 -- 1888},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {The centrosome consists of a layered core structure surrounded by a microtubule-nucleating corona. A tight linkage through the nuclear envelope connects the cytosolic centrosome with the clustered centromeres within the nuclear matrix. At G2/M the corona dissociates, and the core structure duplicates, yielding two spindle poles. CP148 is a novel coiled coil protein of the centrosomal corona. GFP-CP148 exhibited cell cycle-dependent presence and absence at the centrosome, which correlates with dissociation of the corona in prophase and its reformation in late telophase. During telophase, GFP-CP148 formed cytosolic foci, which coalesced and joined the centrosome. This explains the hypertrophic appearance of the corona upon strong overexpression of GFP-CP148. Depletion of CP148 by RNAi caused virtual loss of the corona and disorganization of interphase microtubules. Surprisingly, formation of the mitotic spindle and astral microtubules was unaffected. Thus, microtubule nucleation complexes associate with centrosomal core components through different means during interphase and mitosis. Furthermore, CP148 RNAi caused dispersal of centromeres and altered Sun1 distribution at the nuclear envelope, suggesting a role of CP148 in the linkage between centrosomes and centromeres. Taken together, CP148 is an essential factor for the formation of the centrosomal corona, which in turn is required for centrosome/centromere linkage.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{MeyerKuhnertGraef2011,
  author    = {Meyer, Irene and Kuhnert, Oliver and Gr{\"a}f, Ralph},
  title     = {Functional analyses of lissencephaly-related proteins in Dictyostelium},
  series = {Seminars in cell \& developmental biology},
  volume    = {22},
  journal   = {Seminars in cell \& developmental biology},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {1084-9521},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.semcdb.2010.10.007},
  pages     = {89 -- 96},
  year      = {2011},
  abstract  = {Lissencephaly is a severe brain developmental disease in human infants, which is usually caused by mutations in either of two genes, LIS1 and DCX. These genes encode proteins interacting with both the microtubule and the actin systems. Here, we review the implications of data on Dictyostelium LIS1 for the elucidation of LIS1 function in higher cells and emphasize the role of LIS1 and nuclear envelope proteins in nuclear positioning, which is also important for coordinated cell migration during neocortical development. Furthermore, for the first time we characterize Dictyostelium DCX, the only bona fide orthologue of human DCX outside the animal kingdom. We show that DCX functionally interacts with LIS1 and that both proteins have a cytoskeleton-independent function in chemotactic signaling during development. Dictyostelium LIS1 is also required for proper attachment of the centrosome to the nucleus and, thus, nuclear positioning, where the association of these two organelles has turned out to be crucial. It involves not only dynein and dynein-associated proteins such as LIS1 but also SUN proteins of the nuclear envelope. Analyses of Dictyostelium SUN1 mutants have underscored the importance of these proteins for the linkage of centrosomes and nuclei and for the maintenance of chromatin integrity. Taken together, we show that Dictyostelium amoebae, which provide a well-established model to study the basic aspects of chemotaxis, cell migration and development, are well suited for the investigation of the molecular and cell biological basis of developmental diseases such as lissencephaly.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KuhnertBaumannMeyeretal.2011,
  author    = {Kuhnert, Oliver and Baumann, Otto and Meyer, Irene and Gr{\"a}f, Ralph},
  title     = {Functional characterization of CP148, a novel key component for centrosome integrity in Dictyostelium},
  series = {Molecular biology of the cell : the official publication of the American Society for Cell Biology},
  volume    = {22},
  booktitle = {Molecular biology of the cell : the official publication of the American Society for Cell Biology},
  publisher = {American Society for Cell Biology},
  address   = {Bethesda},
  issn      = {1059-1524},
  pages     = {2},
  year      = {2011},
  language  = {en}
}